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Artikel: Short-Term Exposure to Thermophilic Temperatures Facilitates CO Uptake by Thermophiles Maintained under Predominantly Mesophilic Conditions.

Wilson, Caitlin K / King, Gary M

2022 Band 10, Heft 3

Abstract: Three phylogenetically and phenotypically distinct CO-oxidizing thermophiles (Alicyclobacillus macrosporangiidus CPP55 (Firmicutes), Meiothermus ruber PS4 (Deinococcus-Thermus) and Thermogemmatispora carboxidovorans PM5T (Chloroflexi)) and one CO- ... ...

Abstract	Three phylogenetically and phenotypically distinct CO-oxidizing thermophiles (Alicyclobacillus macrosporangiidus CPP55 (Firmicutes), Meiothermus ruber PS4 (Deinococcus-Thermus) and Thermogemmatispora carboxidovorans PM5T (Chloroflexi)) and one CO-oxidizing mesophile (Paraburkholderia paradisi WAT (Betaproteobacteria)) isolated from volcanic soils were used to assess growth responses and CO uptake rates during incubations with constant temperatures (25 °C and 55 °C) and during multi-day incubations with a temperature regime that cycled between 20 °C and 55 °C on a diurnal basis (alternating mesophilic and thermophilic temperatures, AMTT). The results were used to test a conjecture that some thermophiles can survive in mesothermal habitats that experience occasional thermophilic temperatures. Meiothermus ruber PS4, which does not form spores, was able to grow and oxidize CO under all conditions, while the spore-forming Alicyclobacillus macrosporangiidus CPP55 grew and oxidized CO during the AMTT regime and at 55 °C, but was not active at 25 °C. Thermogemmatispora carboxidovorans PM5T, also a spore former, only grew at 55 °C but oxidized CO during AMTT and 55 °C incubations. In contrast, the non-sporing mesophile, Paraburkholderia paradisi WAT, was only able to grow and oxidize CO at 25 °C; growth and CO uptake ceased during the AMTT incubations after exposure to the initial round of thermophilic temperatures. Collectively, these results suggest that temporary, periodic exposure to permissive growth temperatures could help maintain populations of thermophiles in mesothermal habitats after deposition from the atmosphere or other sources.
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2022-03-18
Erscheinungsland	Switzerland
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2720891-6
ISSN	2076-2607
ISSN	2076-2607
DOI	10.3390/microorganisms10030656
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Buch: Gary King discusses replication in the social sciences

King, Gary

2017

Abstract: Gary King discusses the importance of replication in the sciences, including examining the barriers to replication and reasons studies may not replicate, tips for how to make data more shareable, and the role of publishers. ...

Titelvarianten	Replication in the social sciences
Abstract	Gary King discusses the importance of replication in the sciences, including examining the barriers to replication and reasons studies may not replicate, tips for how to make data more shareable, and the role of publishers.
Schlagwörter	Replication (Experimental design) ; Social sciences/Research/Methodology. ; Research/Methodology.
Sprache	Englisch
Umfang	1 online resource (1 video file (33 min., 55 sec.)) :, sound, colour
Dokumenttyp	Buch
Anmerkung	Closed-captions in English.
ISBN	9781473999916 ; 147399991X
DOI	10.4135/9781473999916
Datenquelle	NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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Artikel: Distribution and diversity of anaerobic thermophiles and putative anaerobic nickel-dependent carbon monoxide-oxidizing thermophiles in mesothermal soils and sediments.

DePoy, Amber N / King, Gary M

Frontiers in microbiology

2023 Band 13, Seite(n) 1096186

Abstract: Even though thermophiles are best known from geothermal and other heated systems, numerous studies have demonstrated that they occur ubiquitously in mesothermal and permanently cold soils and sediments. Cultivation based studies of the latter have ... ...

Abstract	Even though thermophiles are best known from geothermal and other heated systems, numerous studies have demonstrated that they occur ubiquitously in mesothermal and permanently cold soils and sediments. Cultivation based studies of the latter have revealed that the thermophiles within them are mostly spore-forming members of the Firmicutes. Since the geographic distribution of spores is presumably unconstrained by transport through the atmosphere, similar communities (composition and diversity) of thermophiles might be expected to emerge in mesothermal habitats after they are heated. Alternatively, thermophiles might experience environmental selection before or after heating leading to divergent communities. After demonstrating the ubiquity of anaerobic thermophiles and CO uptake in a variety of mesothermal habitats and two hot springs, we used high throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes to assess the composition and diversity of populations that emerged after incubation at 60°C with or without headspace CO concentrations of 25%. Anaerobic Firmicutes dominated relative abundances at most sites but anaerobic thermophilic members of the Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria were also common. Nonetheless, compositions at the amplicon sequence variant (ASV) level varied among the sites with no convergence resulting from heating or CO addition as indicated by beta diversity analyses. The distinctions among thermophilic communities paralleled patterns observed for unheated "time zero" mesothermal soils and sediments. Occupancy analyses showed that the number of ASVs occupying each of
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2023-01-09
Erscheinungsland	Switzerland
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2022.1096186
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel: Microbiomes of the Enteropneust,

King, Gary M

Frontiers in microbiology

2018 Band 9, Seite(n) 3066

Abstract: Enteropneusts are widely distributed marine invertebrates that accumulate high concentrations of halogenated aromatics. Some of these compounds affect benthic biogeochemistery (e.g., denitrification and ammonia oxidation), but little is known about ... ...

Abstract	Enteropneusts are widely distributed marine invertebrates that accumulate high concentrations of halogenated aromatics. Some of these compounds affect benthic biogeochemistery (e.g., denitrification and ammonia oxidation), but little is known about interactions between enteropneusts and their associated microbial communities. Even less is known about enteropneust host-microbe relationships in the digestive tract. More generally, microbial community composition and diversity in intertidal sediments have received little attention. In this study, high throughput sequence analyses of 16S rRNA genes extracted from microbial communities associated with sediment-free whole individuals of
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2018-12-14
Erscheinungsland	Switzerland
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2018.03066
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel: Short-Term Exposure to Thermophilic Temperatures Facilitates CO Uptake by Thermophiles Maintained under Predominantly Mesophilic Conditions

Wilson, Caitlin K. / King, Gary M.

Microorganisms. 2022 Mar. 18, v. 10, no. 3

2022

Abstract	Three phylogenetically and phenotypically distinct CO-oxidizing thermophiles (Alicyclobacillus macrosporangiidus CPP55 (Firmicutes), Meiothermus ruber PS4 (Deinococcus-Thermus) and Thermogemmatispora carboxidovorans PM5ᵀ (Chloroflexi)) and one CO-oxidizing mesophile (Paraburkholderia paradisi WAᵀ (Betaproteobacteria)) isolated from volcanic soils were used to assess growth responses and CO uptake rates during incubations with constant temperatures (25 °C and 55 °C) and during multi-day incubations with a temperature regime that cycled between 20 °C and 55 °C on a diurnal basis (alternating mesophilic and thermophilic temperatures, AMTT). The results were used to test a conjecture that some thermophiles can survive in mesothermal habitats that experience occasional thermophilic temperatures. Meiothermus ruber PS4, which does not form spores, was able to grow and oxidize CO under all conditions, while the spore-forming Alicyclobacillus macrosporangiidus CPP55 grew and oxidized CO during the AMTT regime and at 55 °C, but was not active at 25 °C. Thermogemmatispora carboxidovorans PM5ᵀ, also a spore former, only grew at 55 °C but oxidized CO during AMTT and 55 °C incubations. In contrast, the non-sporing mesophile, Paraburkholderia paradisi WAᵀ, was only able to grow and oxidize CO at 25 °C; growth and CO uptake ceased during the AMTT incubations after exposure to the initial round of thermophilic temperatures. Collectively, these results suggest that temporary, periodic exposure to permissive growth temperatures could help maintain populations of thermophiles in mesothermal habitats after deposition from the atmosphere or other sources.
Schlagwörter	Alicyclobacillus ; Chloroflexi ; Meiothermus ruber ; Paraburkholderia ; acute exposure ; phylogeny ; spores ; temperature ; thermophiles
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsverlauf	2022-0318
Erscheinungsort	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Dokumenttyp	Artikel
ZDB-ID	2720891-6
ISSN	2076-2607
ISSN	2076-2607
DOI	10.3390/microorganisms10030656
Datenquelle	NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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Artikel: Putative Nickel-Dependent Anaerobic Carbon Monoxide Uptake Occurs Commonly in Soils and Sediments at Ambient Temperature and Might Contribute to Atmospheric and Sub-Atmospheric Carbon Monoxide Uptake During Anoxic Conditions.

DePoy, Amber N / King, Gary M

Frontiers in microbiology

2022 Band 13, Seite(n) 736189

Abstract: Carbon monoxide (CO) occurs naturally in the atmosphere where it plays a critical role in tropospheric chemistry. Atmospheric CO uptake by soils has been well documented as an important CO sink and has been attributed to a group of aerobic bacteria that ... ...

Abstract	Carbon monoxide (CO) occurs naturally in the atmosphere where it plays a critical role in tropospheric chemistry. Atmospheric CO uptake by soils has been well documented as an important CO sink and has been attributed to a group of aerobic bacteria that possess a molybdenum-dependent CO dehydrogenase (Mo-CODH). CO can also be oxidized by obligate Ni-dependent anaerobes (Ni-COX) that possess nickel-dependent CODHs (Ni-CODH) but relatively little is known about their ecology or their potential to contribute to CO dynamics within soils and sediments or to soil-atmosphere CO exchanges. Results from a series of assays undertaken with diverse soils and sediments and CO concentrations of 10 ppm and 25% with incubation temperatures of 10, 25, and 60°C revealed anaerobic uptake rates with 10 ppm CO that were comparable to those measured under oxic conditions; further, anaerobic CO uptake occurred without a lag and at atmospheric and sub-atmospheric CO concentrations. Assays with 25% CO revealed previously undocumented activity at 10°C and showed extensive activity at 25°C. Results from prior studies with isolates and soils suggest that anaerobic uptake at both 10 ppm and 25% CO concentrations might be attributed to Ni-COX. Collectively the results considerably expand the ecological range for Ni-COX and indicate that they could play previously unsuspected roles in soil CO dynamics.
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2022-03-24
Erscheinungsland	Switzerland
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2022.736189
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Buch ; Online: Gary King on big data analysis

Edmonds, David / King, Gary

(Social Science Bites)

2017

Abstract: About this Podcast: The data revolution is upon us. It's said that in the last two years, more data has been created than has ever been created before. And in two years' time, we'll be able to say the same thing. For Gary King, the Albert J. Weatherhead ... ...

Serientitel	Social Science Bites
Abstract	About this Podcast: The data revolution is upon us. It's said that in the last two years, more data has been created than has ever been created before. And in two years' time, we'll be able to say the same thing. For Gary King, the Albert J. Weatherhead III University Professor and director of the Institute for Quantitative Social Science at Harvard University, it is not the growth in the volume of data which is changing the world, it is the ability to use it. King describes big data as "the change in the world in which lots of things produce data." This data itself is not inherently useful; the question is whether you can make it useful.In this conversation King uses text analysis as an example of big data analytics. Social media has likely brought with it the largest increase in the expressive capacity of the human race in the history of the world. Roughly 650 million social media messages are produced every day. So, to someone trying to make statements about what those messages contain, would having 750 million messages make anything better? "Having bigger data," King says, "only makes things more difficult." The real innovation is in the ways of analysing those data.King goes on to discuss the development of a sophisticated technique for analysing social media posts according to the needs of social scientists, valuing the trend of what people are saying over individual categorisations. He describes how a "mathematically similar" project, which utilised a database of Chinese social media posts, led to an insight into the how and why of Chinese government censorship, and to a further surprising revelation.After discussing the supposed failure of polls in predicting Trump's presidency, King concludes with a rumination on big data's characterisation as a democratising, or manipulative, force.
Schlagwörter	Big data. ; Data mining. ; Social media.
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsverlauf	2017-2017
Umfang	1 online resource.
Dokumenttyp	Buch ; Online
ISBN	1526459825 ; 9781526459824
Datenquelle	NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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Buch: The big deal about big data

Marar, Ziyad / King, Gary

a lecture by Gary King

2017

Abstract: In a keynote presentation, Professor Gary King describes how big data has changed and drastically expanded the capacity of social science to understand the world around us. He cites many examples of how big data is being applied in research, including ... ...

Abstract	In a keynote presentation, Professor Gary King describes how big data has changed and drastically expanded the capacity of social science to understand the world around us. He cites many examples of how big data is being applied in research, including studies on Social Security forecasting, Chinese censorship, and gerrymandering.
Schlagwörter	Big data. ; Social sciences/Research/Methodology.
Sprache	Englisch
Umfang	1 online resource (1 video file (1 hr., 19 min., 13 sec.)) :, sound, colour
Dokumenttyp	Buch
Anmerkung	Closed-captions in English.
ISBN	9781473999923 ; 1473999928
Datenquelle	NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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Artikel ; Online: A simulation-based comparative effectiveness analysis of policies to improve global maternal health outcomes.

Ward, Zachary J / Atun, Rifat / King, Gary / Sequeira Dmello, Brenda / Goldie, Sue J

Nature medicine

2023 Band 29, Heft 5, Seite(n) 1262–1272

Abstract: The Sustainable Development Goals include a target to reduce the global maternal mortality ratio (MMR) to less than 70 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births by 2030, with no individual country exceeding 140. However, on current trends the goals are ... ...

Abstract	The Sustainable Development Goals include a target to reduce the global maternal mortality ratio (MMR) to less than 70 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births by 2030, with no individual country exceeding 140. However, on current trends the goals are unlikely to be met. We used the empirically calibrated Global Maternal Health microsimulation model, which simulates individual women in 200 countries and territories to evaluate the impact of different interventions and strategies from 2022 to 2030. Although individual interventions yielded fairly small reductions in maternal mortality, integrated strategies were more effective. A strategy to simultaneously increase facility births, improve the availability of clinical services and quality of care at facilities, and improve linkages to care would yield a projected global MMR of 72 (95% uncertainty interval (UI) = 58-87) in 2030. A comprehensive strategy adding family planning and community-based interventions would have an even larger impact, with a projected MMR of 58 (95% UI = 46-70). Although integrated strategies consisting of multiple interventions will probably be needed to achieve substantial reductions in maternal mortality, the relative priority of different interventions varies by setting. Our regional and country-level estimates can help guide priority setting in specific contexts to accelerate improvements in maternal health.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Humans ; Female ; Maternal Mortality ; Computer Simulation ; Delivery of Health Care ; Global Health ; Policy ; Outcome Assessment, Health Care
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2023-04-20
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1220066-9
ISSN	1546-170X ; 1078-8956
ISSN (online)	1546-170X
ISSN	1078-8956
DOI	10.1038/s41591-023-02311-w
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Simulation-based estimates and projections of global, regional and country-level maternal mortality by cause, 1990-2050.

Ward, Zachary J / Atun, Rifat / King, Gary / Sequeira Dmello, Brenda / Goldie, Sue J

Nature medicine

2023 Band 29, Heft 5, Seite(n) 1253–1261

Abstract: Maternal mortality is a major global health challenge. Although progress has been made globally in reducing maternal deaths, measurement remains challenging given the many causes and frequent underreporting of maternal deaths. We developed the Global ... ...

Abstract	Maternal mortality is a major global health challenge. Although progress has been made globally in reducing maternal deaths, measurement remains challenging given the many causes and frequent underreporting of maternal deaths. We developed the Global Maternal Health microsimulation model for women in 200 countries and territories, accounting for individual fertility preferences and clinical histories. Demographic, epidemiologic, clinical and health system data were synthesized from multiple sources, including the medical literature, Civil Registration Vital Statistics systems and Demographic and Health Survey data. We calibrated the model to empirical data from 1990 to 2015 and assessed the predictive accuracy of our model using indicators from 2016 to 2020. We projected maternal health indicators from 1990 to 2050 for each country and estimate that between 1990 and 2020 annual global maternal deaths declined by over 40% from 587,500 (95% uncertainty intervals (UI) 520,600-714,000) to 337,600 (95% UI 307,900-364,100), and are projected to decrease to 327,400 (95% UI 287,800-360,700) in 2030 and 320,200 (95% UI 267,100-374,600) in 2050. The global maternal mortality ratio is projected to decline to 167 (95% UI 142-188) in 2030, with 58 countries above 140, suggesting that on current trends, maternal mortality Sustainable Development Goal targets are unlikely to be met. Building on the development of our structural model, future research can identify context-specific policy interventions that could allow countries to accelerate reductions in maternal deaths.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Humans ; Female ; Maternal Mortality ; Maternal Death ; Uncertainty ; Global Health ; Forecasting ; Mortality
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2023-04-20
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1220066-9
ISSN	1546-170X ; 1078-8956
ISSN (online)	1546-170X
ISSN	1078-8956
DOI	10.1038/s41591-023-02310-x
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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