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Article: Community-Led Action to Reduce Menthol Cigarette Use in the African American Community.

Kingsbury, John H / Hassan, Asha

2020 Volume 21, Issue 1_suppl, Page(s) 72S–81S

Abstract: Background. ...

Abstract	Background.
MeSH term(s)	African Americans ; Community-Institutional Relations ; Culture ; Health Behavior/ethnology ; Health Education/organization & administration ; Humans ; Menthol/administration & dosage ; Minnesota ; Public Health ; Tobacco Products/statistics & numerical data
Chemical Substances	Menthol (1490-04-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2036801-X
ISSN	1552-6372 ; 1524-8399
ISSN (online)	1552-6372
ISSN	1524-8399
DOI	10.1177/1524839919881143
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: "If Someone Has It, I'm Gonna Hit It": Lessons Learned From Minnesota Teens About Vaping.

Less, Elyse Levine / Mady, Melissa / Beckman, Kara J / Kingsbury, John H

Health promotion practice

2021 Volume 23, Issue 6, Page(s) 1028–1038

Abstract: Youth e-cigarette use or "vaping" has increased substantially in the past few years, an escalation attributable to flavored "pod mod" e-cigarette devices that deliver higher levels of nicotine compared with free-base nicotine found in other types of e- ... ...

Abstract	Youth e-cigarette use or "vaping" has increased substantially in the past few years, an escalation attributable to flavored "pod mod" e-cigarette devices that deliver higher levels of nicotine compared with free-base nicotine found in other types of e-cigarettes. Use rates, addiction, and harms are alarming as negative effects from nicotine on adolescent brain development are well documented, and e-cigarette use is predictive of cigarette smoking initiation. This qualitative study examined what drives the appeal of these products through 10 focus groups conducted in 2019 with 67 Minnesota high school students. Focus groups aimed to understand students' personal experiences and contextual factors that may contribute to current vaping trends and explore opportunities for improved prevention messaging. Study results revealed participants' divergent perceptions of tobacco products (i.e., vaping vs. e-cigarettes vs. cigarettes) and the benefits and harms of each product. Participants provided insights into why youth vape, describing vaping as an easily accessible coping method to help teens manage stress and anxiety. Peer normalization and invincibility beliefs about harms were also present. Participants generated ideas about prevention messaging, describing the ineffectiveness of prevention messages they currently receive, and expressing the need for accurate information about e-cigarette health risks presented in personalized, nonjudgmental contexts by people they know care about them. These results have clear implications for prevention initiatives and can be used to inform effective prevention strategies, messaging, programming, and policies, some of which are specific to e-cigarette prevention and others that align with the theory of positive youth development.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Humans ; Vaping/adverse effects ; Vaping/prevention & control ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ; Nicotine ; Minnesota ; Tobacco Products
Chemical Substances	Nicotine (6M3C89ZY6R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2036801-X
ISSN	1552-6372 ; 1524-8399
ISSN (online)	1552-6372
ISSN	1524-8399
DOI	10.1177/15248399211045353
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Article ; Online: Reducing Socioeconomic Disparities in Comprehensive Smoke-Free Rules among Households with Children: A Pilot Intervention Implemented through a National Cancer Program.

Parks, Michael J / Kegler, Michelle C / Kingsbury, John H / Borowsky, Iris W

International journal of environmental research and public health

2020 Volume 17, Issue 18

Abstract: Most households with a smoker do not implement comprehensive smoke-free rules (smoke-free ... ...

Abstract	Most households with a smoker do not implement comprehensive smoke-free rules (smoke-free homes
MeSH term(s)	Automobiles ; Child ; Environmental Exposure ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Health Status Disparities ; Humans ; Male ; Pilot Projects ; Smokers ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution/prevention & control
Chemical Substances	Tobacco Smoke Pollution
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ISSN	1660-4601
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
DOI	10.3390/ijerph17186787
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Article ; Online: Clearing the Air: Smoke-Free Housing Policies, Smoking, and Secondhand Smoke Exposure Among Affordable Housing Residents in Minnesota, 2014-2015.

Kingsbury, John H / Reckinger, Dawn

Preventing chronic disease

2016 Volume 13, Page(s) E111

Abstract: Introduction: During the past 30 years, local and state tobacco use control laws in the United States have helped reduce smoking prevalence and exposure to secondhand smoke, but progress among low socioeconomic populations has been slow. Implementing ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: During the past 30 years, local and state tobacco use control laws in the United States have helped reduce smoking prevalence and exposure to secondhand smoke, but progress among low socioeconomic populations has been slow. Implementing smoke-free housing policies in affordable housing may help address this issue. The purpose of our study was to assess how such policies affect smoking rates and exposure to secondhand smoke among residents of affordable housing. Methods: We conducted a pretest-posttest longitudinal study of 180 residents from 8 affordable housing properties in Minnesota. Participating properties agreed to adopt a smoke-free housing policy covering indoor grounds, and 3 of these properties also prohibited smoking on all outdoor grounds. Policies were implemented with assistance from local public health departments and the Statewide Health Improvement Program. Participants completed surveys one month before policy implementation and 6 months postimplementation. Surveys assessed smoking, quit attempts, and indoor and outdoor secondhand smoke exposure. Results: Results indicated a significant reduction in nonsmokers' indoor exposure to secondhand smoke (F1,144 = 22.69, P < .001) and no change in outdoor exposure to secondhand smoke from Time 1 (pretest) to Time 2 (posttest) (F1,140 = 2.17, P = .14). However, when examining sites that only prohibited smoking indoors, we observed an increase in outdoor secondhand smoke exposure that approached significance (F1,118 = 3.76, P = .055). Results showed no change in quit attempts over time, but 77% of residents who smoked at pretest reported reducing the amount that they smoked at posttest, and an additional 5% reported that they had quit. Conclusions: Smoke-free housing policies may be an effective strategy to reduce exposure to indoor secondhand exposure and promote decreased cigarette smoking among residents of affordable housing.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minnesota ; Public Housing ; Smoke-Free Policy/legislation & jurisprudence ; Smoking/epidemiology ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution/legislation & jurisprudence ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution/prevention & control ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Tobacco Smoke Pollution
Language	English
Publishing date	2016--18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2135684-1
ISSN	1545-1151 ; 1545-1151
ISSN (online)	1545-1151
ISSN	1545-1151
DOI	10.5888/pcd13.160195
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Article ; Online: Restricting Sales of Menthol Tobacco Products: Lessons Learned from Policy Passage and Implementation in Minneapolis, St. Paul, and Duluth, Minnesota.

Bosma, Linda M / D'Silva, Joanne / Moze, Joanne / Matter, Chris / Kingsbury, John H / Brock, Betsy

Health equity

2021 Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) 439–447

Abstract: Purpose: ...

Abstract	Purpose:
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2473-1242
ISSN (online)	2473-1242
DOI	10.1089/heq.2020.0137
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Article ; Online: Perceived racial discrimination and healthy behavior among African Americans.

Gibbons, Frederick X / Gerrard, Meg / Fleischli, Mary E / Simons, Ronald L / Kingsbury, John H

Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association

2021 Volume 40, Issue 3, Page(s) 155–165

Abstract: Objective: Numerous studies have found evidence of a link between perceived discrimination and unhealthy behavior, especially substance use. Within this body of literature, however, several studies have found unexpected evidence of a positive relation ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Numerous studies have found evidence of a link between perceived discrimination and unhealthy behavior, especially substance use. Within this body of literature, however, several studies have found unexpected evidence of a positive relation between perceived racial discrimination among African Americans-mostly women-and certain types of healthy behavior, primarily exercise and healthy eating. The current study further examined this positive relation, including an anticipated moderator: optimism. It also examined the relation between perceived racial discrimination and a correlate of unhealthy behavior: BMI. Method: Six waves of data were collected over 14 years in three related samples of African Americans from families participating in the Family and Community Health Study. Each family included an adolescent (Mage = 10.5 at Wave 1), the adolescent's primary caregiver (Mage = 37), and, in some cases, an older sibling of that adolescent (Mage = 13). Wave 1 Ns were 889, 889, and 295, respectively. Healthy behavior was defined as diet and exercise. Results: There was very little evidence of a long-term relation between perceived racial discrimination and BMI in any sample, and no evidence of a relation between discrimination and healthy behavior among the males. However, correlational analyses revealed a positive prospective relation between discrimination and healthy behavior among all three groups of females; structural equation modeling indicated that this relation was stronger among women who were high in optimism. Conclusions: Perceived racial discrimination does not appear to be related to BMI among African Americans, but it is related to healthy behavior among Black females who are high in dispositional optimism. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; African Americans/psychology ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anxiety/ethnology ; Caregivers/psychology ; Child ; Depression/ethnology ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Health Status ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Racism/psychology ; Social Perception/psychology ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	226369-5
ISSN	1930-7810 ; 0278-6133
ISSN (online)	1930-7810
ISSN	0278-6133
DOI	10.1037/hea0001056
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Article ; Online: Local Tobacco 21 Policies are Associated With Lower Odds of Tobacco Use Among Adolescents.

Wilhelm, April K / Kingsbury, John H / Eisenberg, Marla E / Shyne, Michael / Helgertz, Sharrilyn / Borowsky, Iris W

Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco

2021 Volume 24, Issue 4, Page(s) 478–483

Abstract: Introduction: Tobacco 21 (T21) policies have shown promise in reducing cigarette use among adolescents. This study examined whether local T21 policies affected adolescent use of a variety of tobacco products and whether results differed by grade level.!# ...

Abstract	Introduction: Tobacco 21 (T21) policies have shown promise in reducing cigarette use among adolescents. This study examined whether local T21 policies affected adolescent use of a variety of tobacco products and whether results differed by grade level. Methods: We used repeated cross-sectional data from eighth, ninth, and eleventh-grade respondents to the 2016 (n = 107 981) and 2019 (n = 102 196) Minnesota Student Surveys. Generalized estimating equations modeled eight adolescent tobacco use outcomes in 2019 (past 30-day use of any tobacco, cigarettes, cigars, e-cigarettes, hookah, chewing tobacco, flavored tobacco, and multiple products) by T21 exposure, defined as respondents' attendance at a school within a jurisdiction with T21 policy implementation between the two surveys. Models controlled for demographic characteristics and product-specific baseline tobacco use at the school level in 2016 and were stratified by grade. Results: After adjusting for baseline tobacco use and other demographics, T21-exposed eighth and ninth-grade students had significantly lower odds of tobacco use than unexposed peers in five of eight models, i.e. any tobacco (aOR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.74, 0.87), cigarettes (aOR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.67, 0.99), e-cigarettes (aOR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.71, 0.85), flavored tobacco (aOR = 0.79, CI: 0.70, 0.89), and dual/poly tobacco (aOR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.65, 0.92). T21-exposed eleventh-grade students did not differ significantly in their odds of any tobacco use outcomes relative to their unexposed peers. Conclusions: T21 exposure is associated with lower odds of multiple forms of tobacco use, particularly among younger adolescent populations, supporting the implementation of T21 policies to reduce tobacco use in this population.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ; Humans ; Public Policy ; Nicotiana ; Tobacco Products ; Tobacco Use/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1452315-2
ISSN	1469-994X ; 1462-2203
ISSN (online)	1469-994X
ISSN	1462-2203
DOI	10.1093/ntr/ntab200
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Article: Raising the Minimum Legal Sale Age for Tobacco to 21: The Estimated Effect for Minnesota.

Boyle, Raymond G / Kingsbury, John H / Parks, Michael J

Minnesota medicine

2018 Volume 100, Issue 1, Page(s) 35–37

Abstract: A campaign to raise the minimum legal sale age for tobacco products from 18 to 21 years known as Tobacco 21 is having a nationwide impact, with at least 200 localities in 14 states having already implemented a Tobacco 21 policy. A 2015 report from the ... ...

Abstract	A campaign to raise the minimum legal sale age for tobacco products from 18 to 21 years known as Tobacco 21 is having a nationwide impact, with at least 200 localities in 14 states having already implemented a Tobacco 21 policy. A 2015 report from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) estimated the effects of such policy on cigarette use at the national level; however, little is known about the expected effects for individual states. The purpose of this study was to consider the effect on smoking initiation in Minnesota if the minimum sale age were 21 in 2015. Estimates from the Minnesota Adolescent Community Cohort and Minnesota Adult Tobacco Survey were used to calculate the uptake of smoking in a hypothetical cohort of Minnesota adolescents 15 to 20 years of age. Expected reductions in initiation in the IOM report were used to calculate the effects of Tobacco 21 policy on smoking uptake in this cohort. Results revealed that raising the sale age to 21 in 2015 would prevent 3,355 young Minnesotans from starting to smoke.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Male ; Minnesota ; Smoking/legislation & jurisprudence ; Tobacco Use/legislation & jurisprudence ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-12-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	391068-4
ISSN	1945-3051 ; 0026-556X
ISSN (online)	1945-3051
ISSN	0026-556X
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Article ; Online: Perceptions of Menthol Cigarettes and Reasons for Unsuccessful Quits in an African American Community Sample.

Kingsbury, John H / Mehrotra, Komal / D'Silva, Joanne / Nichols, Eugene / Tripp, Ruth / Johnson, David

Journal of immigrant and minority health

2020 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 137–144

Abstract: This study aimed to better understand African Americans' perceptions of menthol tobacco and reasons for unsuccessful quit attempts among menthol smokers. A cross-sectional survey of 407 U.S.-born African American adults from Minnesota assessed menthol ... ...

Abstract	This study aimed to better understand African Americans' perceptions of menthol tobacco and reasons for unsuccessful quit attempts among menthol smokers. A cross-sectional survey of 407 U.S.-born African American adults from Minnesota assessed menthol perceptions and experiences trying to quit menthol cigarettes. A majority of the sample (59%) was either unsure of the relative harm of menthol cigarettes or perceived that menthol cigarettes are less harmful than non-menthol cigarettes. Menthol smokers were more likely than nonsmokers to perceive that menthol makes it easier to start smoking and harder to quit, and that menthol cigarettes are marketed to African Americans more than other groups (ps < .05). Nearly half (45%) of menthol smokers who reported a failed quit attempt identified cravings as a reason why they were unsuccessful. Media campaigns and educational interventions that highlight the dangers of menthol and promote cessation resources are needed to help reduce the pernicious effects of menthol in the African American community.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; African Americans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Menthol ; Minnesota ; Perception ; Smoking Cessation ; Tobacco Products
Chemical Substances	Menthol (1490-04-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2220162-2
ISSN	1557-1920 ; 1557-1912
ISSN (online)	1557-1920
ISSN	1557-1912
DOI	10.1007/s10903-020-01028-z
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Article ; Online: Smoke-Free Rules in Homes and Cars Among Smokers and Nonsmokers in Minnesota.

Parks, Michael J / Kingsbury, John H / Boyle, Raymond G / Evered, Sharrilyn

Preventing chronic disease

2018 Volume 15, Page(s) E32

Abstract: We examined prevalence and predictors of comprehensive smoke-free household rules (ie, smoke-free homes and cars) among smokers and nonsmokers in Minnesota. Data came from the 2014 Minnesota Adult Tobacco Survey; weighted analyses consisted of ... ...

Abstract	We examined prevalence and predictors of comprehensive smoke-free household rules (ie, smoke-free homes and cars) among smokers and nonsmokers in Minnesota. Data came from the 2014 Minnesota Adult Tobacco Survey; weighted analyses consisted of descriptive analyses and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Most adult smokers implemented home-only smoke-free rules (43%) while most nonsmokers implemented comprehensive smoke-free rules (home and car; 85%). Comprehensive smoke-free rules were more common among people with high socioeconomic status (SES), married people, and people who did not live with a smoker; those with a child in the home were more likely to implement smoke-free homes but not smoke-free cars. Public health practitioners should focus on addressing the majority of smokers who do not implement comprehensive smoke-free household rules, such as low-SES populations, and addressing caregivers who do not implement smoke-free car rules.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Automobiles ; Child, Preschool ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minnesota ; Non-Smokers/statistics & numerical data ; Smoke-Free Policy ; Smokers/statistics & numerical data ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution/prevention & control ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Tobacco Smoke Pollution
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2135684-1
ISSN	1545-1151 ; 1545-1151
ISSN (online)	1545-1151
ISSN	1545-1151
DOI	10.5888/pcd15.170355
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