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Article ; Conference proceedings: Atemwegswiderstand und Intrathorakales Gasvolumen bei inhalativer Histaminprovokation im Kindesalter

Kalhoff, H / Lara, E / Kiwull, P / Kiwull-Schöne, H

2011

Abstract: Einleitung: Während des Körperwachstums nimmt der Atemwegswiderstand (Raw) mit der Zunahme des intrathorakalen Gasvolumens (ITGV) ab. Bei Asthmatikern kann der Anstieg von Raw bei Auftreten einer Atemwegsobstruktion durch eine begleitende Lungenblähung ... ...

Event/congress	Herbsttagung der Sektion Pathophysiologie und Aerosolmedizin der DGP und der Arbeitsgruppe Klinische Physiologie und Pathophysiologie der Deutschen Physiologischen Gesellschaft, Bochum, 2010
Abstract	Einleitung: Während des Körperwachstums nimmt der Atemwegswiderstand (Raw) mit der Zunahme des intrathorakalen Gasvolumens (ITGV) ab. Bei Asthmatikern kann der Anstieg von Raw bei Auftreten einer Atemwegsobstruktion durch eine begleitende Lungenblähung modifiziert werden. Methodik: Bei 35 Kindern (mittleres Alter 8,9 Jahre) mit Asthma bronchiale wurden im Bodyplethysmographen die Veränderungen von Raw und ITGV bei Histaminprovokation (Provokationsziel: Zunahme des spez. Raw um 80–100%) und nach Bronchospasmolyse (mit Salbutamol) untersucht. Ergebnisse: Die Ausgangsmessung (nach Absetzen der inhalativen Medikation) zeigte erhöhte Werte für Raw und für ITGV, bei großer Variabilität zwischen den Probanden. Histaminprovokation führte bei 18 Patienten zur vergleichbaren Zunahme von Raw und ITGV (Normaltyp). 12 Patienten reagierten primär über eine Zunahme des Atemwegwiderstandes (obstruktiver Typ), bei 5 Patienten sahen wir primär eine Zunahme der Lungenblähung (hyperinflatorischer Typ). Unter Provokation und nach Bronchospasmolyse zeigte sich in der Gesamtgruppe der Patienten die erwartete inverse Beziehung zwischen Raw und ITGV. Fazit: Bei Kindern mit Asthma bronchiale könnte die beobachtete Variabilität des Reaktionsmusters bei unspezifischer Provokation ein Hinweis auf unterschiedliche pathophysiologische Reaktionsmuster und möglicherweise auf unterschiedliche Risikoprofile auch bei interkurrenten Atemwegsobstruktionen sein. Wir empfehlen bei Kindern mit Asthma bronchiale eine regelmäßige Messung von Raw und ITGV.
Language	German
Publishing date	2011-04-11
Publishing place	Stuttgart ; New York
Document type	Article ; Conference proceedings
ZDB-ID	607630-0
ISSN	1438-8790 ; 0934-8387
ISSN (online)	1438-8790
ISSN	0934-8387
DOI	10.1055/s-0031-1274938
Database	Thieme publisher's database

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Article: Patterns of intrathoracic gas volume and airway resistance in children with asthma.

Kalhoff, H / Lara, E / Kiwull, P / Kiwull-Schöne, H

Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society

2007 Volume 58 Suppl 5, Issue Pt 1, Page(s) 307–312

Abstract: Airway resistance (Raw) decreases with an increase of lung volume (ITGV) during body-growth. In asthmatic subjects, an increase of Raw may be modified by hyperinflation. In this study thirty five asthmatic children underwent histamine challenges with the ...

Abstract	Airway resistance (Raw) decreases with an increase of lung volume (ITGV) during body-growth. In asthmatic subjects, an increase of Raw may be modified by hyperinflation. In this study thirty five asthmatic children underwent histamine challenges with the monitoring of changes of Raw and ITGV. Control measurements (after withhold of spasmolytic medication) showed increased values of ITGV and Raw with high interindividual variability. Histamine challenge resulted in a further increase of both ITGV and Raw in 18 patients (normal pattern). Twelve patients showed an increase predominantly of Raw (obstructive pattern), 5 patients an increase predominantly of ITGV (hyperinflatory pattern). On provocation and after bronchospasmolysis, all subjects presented the expected inverse relation between ITGV and Raw. The variability of ITGV-Raw patterns in children with asthma may agree with the concomitantly established role for vagal reflex mechanisms in prolonged inspiratory diaphragmatic innervation during experimentally induced bronchoconstriction in animals. In children with asthma the ITGV-Raw pattern may point to different risk profiles.
MeSH term(s)	Airway Resistance ; Asthma/diagnosis ; Asthma/physiopathology ; Bronchial Provocation Tests ; Bronchoconstriction ; Bronchoconstrictor Agents ; Child ; Female ; Histamine ; Humans ; Lung Volume Measurements ; Male ; Severity of Illness Index
Chemical Substances	Bronchoconstrictor Agents ; Histamine (820484N8I3)
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-11
Publishing country	Poland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1125221-2
ISSN	1899-1505 ; 0867-5910 ; 0044-6033
ISSN (online)	1899-1505
ISSN	0867-5910 ; 0044-6033
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Effectiveness of the peripheral chemoreflex control system in the adjustment of arterial O2 pressure and O2-Hb saturation.

Kiwull-Schöne, H / Kiwull, P

Advances in experimental medicine and biology

1997 Volume 428, Page(s) 433–438

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Arteries ; Carbon Dioxide/blood ; Chemoreceptor Cells/physiology ; Hemoglobins/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hyperoxia/blood ; Hypoxia/blood ; Inhalation/physiology ; Oxygen/blood ; Oxyhemoglobins/metabolism ; Partial Pressure ; Polarography ; Rabbits ; Tidal Volume ; Vagotomy ; Vagus Nerve/physiology
Chemical Substances	Hemoglobins ; Oxyhemoglobins ; Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J) ; Oxygen (S88TT14065)
Language	English
Publishing date	1997
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2214-8019 ; 0065-2598
ISSN (online)	2214-8019
ISSN	0065-2598
DOI	10.1007/978-1-4615-5399-1_62
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: The NHE3 inhibitor AVE1599 stimulates phrenic nerve activity in the rat.

Wiemann, M / Piechatzek, L / Göpelt, K / Kiwull-Schöne, H / Kiwull, P / Bingmann, D

Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society

2008 Volume 59, Issue 1, Page(s) 27–36

Abstract: The effect of AVE1599, an inhibitor of the sodium/proton exchanger type 3 (NHE3), on phrenic nerve (PN) activity was investigated using the working heart brainstem preparation (WHBP). Hypercapnia (Delta pH: -0.1) applied for 10 min reversibly increased ... ...

Abstract	The effect of AVE1599, an inhibitor of the sodium/proton exchanger type 3 (NHE3), on phrenic nerve (PN) activity was investigated using the working heart brainstem preparation (WHBP). Hypercapnia (Delta pH: -0.1) applied for 10 min reversibly increased PN frequency (f) by 66.0 +/- 19.5% and decreased burst duration by 23.3 +/- 3% (mean +/- SE, n = 21). Similarly, AVE1599 (0.3 microM) increased f after 10 and 30 min by 75.1 +/- 13.2 and 176 +/- 36.2% (n = 10), respectively, and reduced duration of PN bursts by 24.9 +/- 10.8%. Hypercapnia-induced increases of f were attenuated by AVE1599. An elevated concentration of AVE1599 (0.9 microM) had no significant effect on PN. As AVE1599 accumulates in brain tissue and might interfere with the less affine NHE1, we furthermore tested the NHE1-inhibitor HOE642. In fact, HOE642 (0.9 microM) diminished f by 88.5 +/- 9.2 and 58.6 +/- 10.0% after 10 and 30 min (n = 6), respectively, but did not abolish hypercapnic responses. We conclude that AVE1599 augments central respiratory drive in the WHBP via NHE3 but not NHE1 inhibition.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Brain Stem/drug effects ; Brain Stem/metabolism ; Guanidines/pharmacology ; Heart/drug effects ; Heart/innervation ; Hypercapnia ; Phrenic Nerve/drug effects ; Phrenic Nerve/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Respiration/drug effects ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 1 ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 3 ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers/antagonists & inhibitors ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers/drug effects ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers/metabolism ; Sulfones/pharmacology ; Time Factors
Chemical Substances	Guanidines ; Slc9a1 protein, rat ; Slc9a3 protein, rat ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 1 ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 3 ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers ; Sulfones ; cariporide (7E3392891K)
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-03
Publishing country	Poland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1125221-2
ISSN	1899-1505 ; 0867-5910 ; 0044-6033
ISSN (online)	1899-1505
ISSN	0867-5910 ; 0044-6033
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Pharmacological impact on loop gain properties to prevent irregular breathing.

Kiwull-Schöne, H / Teppema, L / Wiemann, M / Kalhoff, H / Kiwull, P

Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society

2008 Volume 59, Issue 1, Page(s) 37–45

Abstract: Theory predicts respiratory instabilities at elevated system loop gain (G), determined by such factors as ventilatory CO(2) sensitivity, set-point PCO(2), and metabolic rate. In anesthetized rabbits, the effects on G of carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors ...

Abstract	Theory predicts respiratory instabilities at elevated system loop gain (G), determined by such factors as ventilatory CO(2) sensitivity, set-point PCO(2), and metabolic rate. In anesthetized rabbits, the effects on G of carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors and of different sodium/proton exchanger type 3 (NHE3) inhibitors were studied. Acetazolamide significantly reduced G by 42.0 +/- 9.3% and methazolamide by 35.0 +/- 9.5% (each n = 7, P<0.01). Irrespective of the substance, NHE3 inhibition reduced G by 33.0 +/- 7.8% (n = 10, P<0.01) at 35.5 +/- 1.6 mmHg PaCO(2) (mean +/-SE), but not at lower arterial CO(2) levels (n=5). Since high baseline PCO(2) coincides with elevated brainstem NHE3 mRNA expression, this may also account for a higher risk of sleep apnea (or even occurrence of sudden infant death). Therefore, NHE3 inhibitors may gain similar therapeutic importance in the treatment of irregular breathing as CA inhibitors. Generally, effective treatment should aim at a low system loop gain, by reducing respiratory chemosensitivity, improving blood gases and preventing low metabolic rates.
MeSH term(s)	Acetazolamide/pharmacology ; Animals ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Brain Stem/metabolism ; Carbon Dioxide/metabolism ; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Male ; Methazolamide/pharmacology ; Partial Pressure ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Rabbits ; Respiratory Mechanics/drug effects ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes/physiopathology ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 3 ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers/antagonists & inhibitors ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors ; RNA, Messenger ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 3 ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers ; Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J) ; Acetazolamide (O3FX965V0I) ; Methazolamide (W733B0S9SD)
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-03
Publishing country	Poland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1125221-2
ISSN	1899-1505 ; 0867-5910 ; 0044-6033
ISSN (online)	1899-1505
ISSN	0867-5910 ; 0044-6033
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Zur Wirkung der Pressoreflexe des Karotissinus auf die Atmung.

Kiwull, P

Zeitschrift fur Kreislaufforschung

1972 Volume 61, Issue 7, Page(s) 587–595

Title translation	Effect of carotid sinus pressoreceptor reflexes on respiration.
MeSH term(s)	Air/analysis ; Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis ; Carotid Sinus/innervation ; Carotid Sinus/physiology ; Heart Rate ; Pressoreceptors/physiology ; Rabbits ; Respiration ; Vagus Nerve/physiology
Chemical Substances	Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J)
Language	German
Publishing date	1972-07
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	124482-6
ISSN	0044-295X
ISSN	0044-295X
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Hypoxia and the "reaction theory" of central respiratory chemosensitivity.

Kiwull-Schöne, H / Kiwull, P

Advances in experimental medicine and biology

1992 Volume 316, Page(s) 347–357

Abstract: In peripherally chemodenervated and vagotomized cats and rabbits, either spontaneously breathing or artificially ventilated, we studied the reaction of the respiratory control system to changes in the extracellular fluid (ECF) pH at the ventral surface ... ...

Abstract	In peripherally chemodenervated and vagotomized cats and rabbits, either spontaneously breathing or artificially ventilated, we studied the reaction of the respiratory control system to changes in the extracellular fluid (ECF) pH at the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata. The brainstem ECF-pH was varied either by alternating periods of hypoxia and hyperoxia or by intravenous infusion of lactic acid to achieve endogenous or exogenous lactacidosis, respectively. Additionally, the arterial PCO2 was changed by varying the inspiratory CO2-fraction or the respirator's pumping rate. When pulmonary ventilation or central respiratory drive (in terms of phrenic nerve activity) was related to brainstem ECF-pH, no unique function resulted for respiratory (CO2-induced) and metabolic (lactic acid induced) acid-base changes, thus contradicting the "reaction theory" for central respiratory chemosensitivity. Under steady state conditions, there was no ventilatory reaction to endogenous or exogenous metabolic brainstem acidosis at all. However, the apneic threshold was shifted towards the acid range, although the sensitivity of the respiratory system to CO2 remained nearly unchanged, no matter whether CO2 was inhaled or increased by acetazolamide. This points to a dominating role of CO2 or at least carbonic acid over fixed acids for the central chemosensitive control of pulmonary ventilation.
MeSH term(s)	Acidosis, Lactic/physiopathology ; Animals ; Brain Stem/physiopathology ; Carbon Dioxide/blood ; Cats ; Chemoreceptor Cells/physiopathology ; Extracellular Space/metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hypercapnia/physiopathology ; Hypoxia/physiopathology ; Models, Biological ; Rabbits ; Respiration/physiology
Chemical Substances	Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J)
Language	English
Publishing date	1992
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2214-8019 ; 0065-2598
ISSN (online)	2214-8019
ISSN	0065-2598
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Food composition and acid-base balance: alimentary alkali depletion and acid load in herbivores.

Kiwull-Schöne, Heidrun / Kiwull, Peter / Manz, Friedrich / Kalhoff, Hermann

The Journal of nutrition

2008 Volume 138, Issue 2, Page(s) 431S–434S

Abstract: Alkali-enriched diets are recommended for humans to diminish the net acid load of their usual diet. In contrast, herbivores have to deal with a high dietary alkali impact on acid-base balance. Here we explore the role of nutritional alkali in ... ...

Abstract	Alkali-enriched diets are recommended for humans to diminish the net acid load of their usual diet. In contrast, herbivores have to deal with a high dietary alkali impact on acid-base balance. Here we explore the role of nutritional alkali in experimentally induced chronic metabolic acidosis. Data were collected from healthy male adult rabbits kept in metabolism cages to obtain 24-h urine and arterial blood samples. Randomized groups consumed rabbit diets ad libitum, providing sufficient energy but variable alkali load. One subgroup (n = 10) received high-alkali food and approximately 15 mEq/kg ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) with its drinking water for 5 d. Another group (n = 14) was fed low-alkali food for 5 d and given approximately 4 mEq/kg NH4Cl daily for the last 2 d. The wide range of alimentary acid-base load was significantly reflected by renal base excretion, but normal acid-base conditions were maintained in the arterial blood. In rabbits fed a high-alkali diet, the excreted alkaline urine (pH(u) > 8.0) typically contained a large amount of precipitated carbonate, whereas in rabbits fed a low-alkali diet, both pH(u) and precipitate decreased considerably. During high-alkali feeding, application of NH4Cl likewise decreased pH(u), but arterial pH was still maintained with no indication of metabolic acidosis. During low-alkali feeding, a comparably small amount of added NH4Cl further lowered pH(u) and was accompanied by a significant systemic metabolic acidosis. We conclude that exhausted renal base-saving function by dietary alkali depletion is a prerequisite for growing susceptibility to NH4Cl-induced chronic metabolic acidosis in the herbivore rabbit.
MeSH term(s)	Acid-Base Equilibrium/physiology ; Acidosis/chemically induced ; Acids/metabolism ; Alkalies/metabolism ; Ammonium Chloride/adverse effects ; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Animals ; Bicarbonates/metabolism ; Energy Intake ; Food ; Gastrointestinal Tract/physiology ; Male ; Rabbits/physiology
Chemical Substances	Acids ; Alkalies ; Bicarbonates ; Ammonium Chloride (01Q9PC255D)
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-01-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218373-0
ISSN	1541-6100 ; 0022-3166
ISSN (online)	1541-6100
ISSN	0022-3166
DOI	10.1093/jn/138.2.431S
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Pulmonary vagal afferents versus central chemosensitivity in the ventilatory response to hypoxia and lactic acidosis.

Kalhoff, H / Kiwull-Schöne, H / Kiwull, P

Advances in experimental medicine and biology

1994 Volume 345, Page(s) 121–127

MeSH term(s)	Acidosis/etiology ; Acidosis/physiopathology ; Acidosis, Lactic/etiology ; Acidosis, Lactic/physiopathology ; Adaptation, Physiological ; Afferent Pathways/physiopathology ; Animals ; Carbon Dioxide/blood ; Carotid Sinus/innervation ; Chemoreceptor Cells/physiopathology ; Denervation ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hypoxia/complications ; Hypoxia/physiopathology ; Lung/innervation ; Rabbits ; Respiration/physiology ; Vagus Nerve/physiopathology
Chemical Substances	Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J)
Language	English
Publishing date	1994
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ISSN	2214-8019 ; 0065-2598
ISSN (online)	2214-8019
ISSN	0065-2598
DOI	10.1007/978-1-4615-2468-7_16
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Metabolic acid-base status and the role of carotid chemoreceptors in hyperoxic breathing.

Kiwull-Schöne, H / Bungart, S / Kiwull, P

Advances in experimental medicine and biology

1994 Volume 360, Page(s) 261–263

MeSH term(s)	Acid-Base Equilibrium ; Animals ; Bicarbonates/blood ; Carbon Dioxide/blood ; Carotid Body/physiology ; Chemoreceptor Cells/physiology ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Partial Pressure ; Rabbits ; Reflex ; Respiration/physiology ; Respiration, Artificial
Chemical Substances	Bicarbonates ; Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J)
Language	English
Publishing date	1994
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2214-8019 ; 0065-2598
ISSN (online)	2214-8019
ISSN	0065-2598
DOI	10.1007/978-1-4615-2572-1_42
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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