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  1. Book ; Article ; Online: Compatibilité de techniques de sélection et biotechnologies avec l’Agriculture et la Sélection Végétale Biologiques

    Klaedtke, Stéphanie

    2023  

    Abstract: This ITAB Dossier informs on the ethical criteria associated with organic farming and organic plant breeding as regards breeding techniques and biotechnologies. In particular, it updates readers on current political and regulatory debates on New Genomic ... ...

    Abstract This ITAB Dossier informs on the ethical criteria associated with organic farming and organic plant breeding as regards breeding techniques and biotechnologies. In particular, it updates readers on current political and regulatory debates on New Genomic Techniques (NGT).
    Keywords Breeding ; genetics and propagation
    Language French
    Publishing country dk
    Document type Book ; Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Book ; Online: Guide pratique pour le séchage et le stockage de semences potagères biologiques dans des structures artisanales ou fermières

    Klaedtke, Stéphanie / Gudinchet, Matthias / Groot, Steven P.C.

    2023  

    Abstract: The germination rate and vigour of seeds affect how well a crop emerges and establishes. They are a crucial aspect of seed quality, as poor seed vigour will result in seedlings that are more sensitive to abiotic stress (for example soil compaction or ... ...

    Abstract The germination rate and vigour of seeds affect how well a crop emerges and establishes. They are a crucial aspect of seed quality, as poor seed vigour will result in seedlings that are more sensitive to abiotic stress (for example soil compaction or drought) and biotic stress (pathogens, especially soil-borne ones) and might even affect the final performance of the crop! During seed storage, seeds age and their quality declines by oxidation. This is influenced by seed moisture level, presence of oxygen, and temperature, in decreasing order of importance. This guide-booklet explains and highlights the main issues to look out for when drying and storing seed. It proposes cost- and time-saving solutions for on-farm drying and storage, namely: How to dry the seeds efficiently How to ensure they stay dry during storage How to protect them from oxygen The fact that seeds must be properly dried after harvesting and stored in a dry, cool and dark environment is known to many seed producers. Yet, experience shows that these obvious precautions are not always taken, due to lack of time and resources or because of organisational difficulties. By providing practical examples, cases and guidance to reflect on your own context and objectives, we hope this booklet will help to lift some of the practical challenges associated with the drying and storing of vegetable seeds in small-scale seed enterprises and on-farm.
    Keywords Crop husbandry ; Education ; extension and communication
    Subject code 571
    Language French
    Publishing country dk
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Book ; Online: Bon stockage des semences

    Groot, S.P.C. / Klaedtke, Stephanie

    2021  

    Abstract: La qualité des semences est très importante pour un bon démarrage des cultures. Une accumulation de dommages pendant le stockage peut mener à des plantules anormales ou même des défauts de levée (Fig. 1). Pour éviter un vieillissement précoce, les ... ...

    Abstract La qualité des semences est très importante pour un bon démarrage des cultures. Une accumulation de dommages pendant le stockage peut mener à des plantules anormales ou même des défauts de levée (Fig. 1). Pour éviter un vieillissement précoce, les semences doivent être conservées dans les meilleures conditions possibles.
    Keywords Life Science
    Language French
    Publisher Wageningen University & Research
    Publishing country nl
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Designing a Seed Health Strategy for Organic Cropping Systems, Based on a Dynamic Perspective on Seed and Plant Health

    Klaedtke, Stephanie M. / Rey, F. / Groot, S.P.C.

    Sustainability

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 17

    Abstract: Seed germination and seedling establishment are the main factors for a successful start of a crop, determining crop health, weed suppression and overall crop performance. They are critical, but sensitive phases in crop production. High seed vigour and ... ...

    Abstract Seed germination and seedling establishment are the main factors for a successful start of a crop, determining crop health, weed suppression and overall crop performance. They are critical, but sensitive phases in crop production. High seed vigour and appropriate seed microbiota significantly contribute to the resilience of seedlings. This opinion paper is based on a review of relevant literature, two case studies with wheat and carrot and a subsequent stakeholder consultation in the framework of the European project LIVESEED. It presents a seed health strategy for organic farming systems that accounts for dynamic processes behind seed and plant health, taking advantage of the contributions of seed vigour and seed microbiota. Seed and plant health are understood as a continuum. Benefits of seed vigour and microbiota are showcased. Recommendations are given for organic seed production, seed processing and storage, as well as organic plant breeding and future research. In conclusion, organic farming systems, in particular, have the opportunity, both to develop this perspective on seed and plant health and to benefit from it. Adopting this perspective may require a shift in how crop plants and their seeds are cared for, as well as adapted regulatory frameworks. View Full-Text
    Keywords Life Science
    Subject code 580
    Language English
    Publishing country nl
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2518383-7
    ISSN 2071-1050
    ISSN 2071-1050
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Conference proceedings ; Online: Plant And Seed Health In Organic Systems

    Klaedtke, Stephanie Mathilde / Andrianne, Catherine / Rey, Frédéric / Chable, Véronique

    Embedded In Or Disconnected From Interactions With Microbial Communities?

    2021  

    Abstract: A wide range of different, sometimes mutually exclusive, approaches to plant health are practiced within organic farming and seed systems. Plant health management may seek to completely exclude plant pathogens from growing environments and seed systems ... ...

    Abstract A wide range of different, sometimes mutually exclusive, approaches to plant health are practiced within organic farming and seed systems. Plant health management may seek to completely exclude plant pathogens from growing environments and seed systems in a mechanistic, reductionist perspective. On the other hand, it may also aim at resilient cropping systems, involving plant defense mechanisms and complex microbial communities in a more holistic approach. How organic communities define and manage plant health will have implications on the design of organic seed systems and farm agrecosystems, as well as on future research agendas. Debates on approaches to plant health have been sparked within community seed networks in France and Belgium. Based on practical experiences and on a review of interdisciplinary literature ranging from crop ecology to microbiology to the social sciences, the options available to organic agriculture in terms of plant and seed health are elucidated.
    Keywords Crop health ; quality ; protection ; Biodiversity and ecosystem services
    Subject code 580
    Language English
    Publishing country dk
    Document type Conference proceedings ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Conference proceedings ; Online: Thoughts for a new seed quality strategy, incorporating seed vigour and the microbiome

    Groot, Steven P.C. / Klaedtke, Stéphanie / REY, Frederic / Kodde, Jan

    2021  

    Abstract: Official seed tests determine seed quality, using standardised lab conditions with an early and final count of germinated seeds and counting the frequency of normal seedlings, while seed health is considered as the absence of seed borne pathogens. In the ...

    Abstract Official seed tests determine seed quality, using standardised lab conditions with an early and final count of germinated seeds and counting the frequency of normal seedlings, while seed health is considered as the absence of seed borne pathogens. In the field however, the seed or seedling will encounter biotic and abiotic stresses, therefore emergence in the field is often less than germination in the lab. In the field seed vigour is important. To favour the development of more resilient cropping systems, we suggest to place more emphasis on seed vigour , because early emergence in the field has a strong effect on crop establishment and frequently also on costs for corrective measures and total yield,. The ISTA handbook lists vigour tests, including the so-called controlled deterioration (CD) test, but only for a very limited number of crops. In the frame of the European LIVESEED project1,2 we develop a new organic seed health strategy, which will also has advantages for other sustainable farming systems. The basic idea is that both seed vigour and the seed microbiome should be taken into account as elements that can aid the seed and seedling tolerance towards biotic and abiotic stresses. We showed that a CD treatment, inducing slight reduction in carrot seed vigour, increased the sensitivity to the damping-off causing pathogen Alternaria radicina. Seeds are not sterile organisms, they contain a large amount of micro-organisms, collectively called the seed microbiome, that enable transfer of the microbiota from the mother plant to the next generation. Recent research has shown that the seed microbiome contains also organisms that can aid the seedling in its tolerance, sometimes even resistance, towards pathogens and abiotic stress. An overview of this will be presented, including how this can aid in a strategy towards more resilient cropping systems.
    Keywords Production systems ; Breeding ; genetics and propagation ; Crop health ; quality ; protection
    Subject code 580
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-12
    Publishing country dk
    Document type Conference proceedings ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  7. Book ; Audio / Video ; Online: Thoughts for a new seed quality strategy, incorporating seed vigour and the microbiome

    Groot, Steven P.C. / Klaedtke, Stéphanie / REY, Frederic / Kodde, Jan

    2021  

    Abstract: Official seed tests determine seed quality, using standardised lab conditions with an early and final count of germinated seeds and counting the frequency of normal seedlings, while seed health is considered as the absence of seed borne pathogens. In the ...

    Abstract Official seed tests determine seed quality, using standardised lab conditions with an early and final count of germinated seeds and counting the frequency of normal seedlings, while seed health is considered as the absence of seed borne pathogens. In the field however, the seed or seedling will encounter biotic and abiotic stresses, therefore emergence in the field is often less than germination in the lab. In the field seed vigour is important. To favour the development of more resilient cropping systems, we suggest to place more emphasis on seed vigour , because early emergence in the field has a strong effect on crop establishment and frequently also on costs for corrective measures and total yield,. The ISTA handbook lists vigour tests, including the so-called controlled deterioration (CD) test, but only for a very limited number of crops. In the frame of the European LIVESEED project we develop a new organic seed health strategy, which will also has advantages for other sustainable farming systems. The basic idea is that both seed vigour and the seed microbiome should be taken into account as elements that can aid the seed and seedling tolerance towards biotic and abiotic stresses. We showed that a CD treatment, inducing slight reduction in carrot seed vigour, increased the sensitivity to the damping-off causing pathogen Alternaria radicina. Seeds are not sterile organisms, they contain a large amount of micro-organisms, collectively called the seed microbiome, that enable transfer of the microbiota from the mother plant to the next generation. Recent research has shown that the seed microbiome contains also organisms that can aid the seedling in its tolerance, sometimes even resistance, towards pathogens and abiotic stress. An overview of this will be presented, including how this can aid in a strategy towards more resilient cropping systems.
    Keywords Breeding ; genetics and propagation ; Crop health ; quality ; protection
    Subject code 580
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-12
    Publishing country dk
    Document type Book ; Audio / Video ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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  8. Book ; Online: Treating wheat seed with vinegar against common bunt (Liveseed Practice abstract)

    Borgen, Anders / Klaedtke, Stephanie / Boffin, Laurane / Bouchet, Jean-Pierre

    2021  

    Abstract: Practical recommendations • For 100 kg seed, approx. 1,7 l of vinegar (4%) (If the concentration is more then 4%, dilute with cold water to reach 4%. According to practical experience, 1,7 l of liquid for 100 kg of seed is usually enough to treat all ... ...

    Abstract Practical recommendations • For 100 kg seed, approx. 1,7 l of vinegar (4%) (If the concentration is more then 4%, dilute with cold water to reach 4%. According to practical experience, 1,7 l of liquid for 100 kg of seed is usually enough to treat all seeds without wetting them too much, but you may need to adjust according to seed humidity.) • On-farm, you can use a cement drum to treat seed batches. For small seed quantities (e.g. in collections), you can simply use a hand-sprayer for treating, while shaking the seeds in a small container. • Avoid using high concentrations: beyond 5% acetic acid, germination rates are reduced in some experiments. • Dry quickly and thoroughly the seeds after treating to preserve seed quality. • If the treated seed is actively dried after treatment (e.g. by a hot airstream), let the vinegar work on the seed for approximately a minute before drying. • Make sure that the entire seed surface is covered! It is crucial that the application is as uniform as possible, as fast as possible, to avoid the acetic acid from evaporating and the seed from imbibing too much liquid.
    Keywords Crop husbandry ; Crop health ; quality ; protection
    Subject code 580
    Language English
    Publishing country dk
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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  9. Book ; Online: Organic seed health. An inventory of issues and a report on case studies

    Groot, S.P.C. / Klaedtke, Stephanie / Messmer, Monika / Rey, Frederic

    D 2.5

    2021  

    Abstract: Because of the need for more sustainable agriculture, the European commission has set its target for 2030 to have at least one quarter of the farmland in the European Union under organic farming practices. The use of healthy seeds or vegetative ... ...

    Abstract Because of the need for more sustainable agriculture, the European commission has set its target for 2030 to have at least one quarter of the farmland in the European Union under organic farming practices. The use of healthy seeds or vegetative propagation material forms the basis of sustainable crop production. The use of organic seeds is an integral and obligatory part of organic farming. An organic seed is defined as a seed of which the mother plant or parent plant has been produced following the principles of organic agriculture. Due to shortage in volume and diversity of organic seeds, a large amount of conventionally produced seeds is still used after official approval by Member States. This derogation for conventional untreated seed in organic agriculture will end in 2036. Both the increase in area of organic agriculture and the use 100% organic seeds call for large efforts in organic seed production and research. This report describes the state of the art and research results on the production of heathy organic seeds, as performed in the frame of the LIVESEED project, with support from the European Horizon 2020 program. The importance of using high quality organic seeds for crop production, and general challenges in this are described in the introduction, Chapter 1. Unfortunately, organic seed quality is not always optimal. One reason can be pathogens infecting the mother plants, from which some can travel in or on the seeds to the next generation. Seed production in many cases like vegetables or biennial species takes longer than crop harvest used for food or feed production, mother plants are exposed longer to pressure from weeds, pests, diseases, and abiotic stress. Organic seed production is therefore more difficult than conventional and requires more labour, increasing the production costs. Organic seed health is based on a multitude of factors and cannot simply be managed through one-size-fits-all solutions such as curative seed treatments. Use of seeds produced under organic conditions can also ...
    Keywords Life Science
    Subject code 580
    Language English
    Publisher European Union
    Publishing country nl
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Book ; Online: Managing common bunt in wheat seed lots (Liveseed Practice Abstract)

    Borgen, Anders / Klaedtke, Stéphanie / Thueringer, Angela

    2019  

    Abstract: Seed analyses: A seed analysis, as performed by state-accredited labs for example, will confirm and quantify the infection of a seed lot with common bunt. Thorough seed cleaning: Thoroughly cleaning an infected seed lot with an air stream or similar ... ...

    Abstract Seed analyses: A seed analysis, as performed by state-accredited labs for example, will confirm and quantify the infection of a seed lot with common bunt. Thorough seed cleaning: Thoroughly cleaning an infected seed lot with an air stream or similar gravity cleaning equipment can remove most of the intact bunt balls and some of the free spores. As a second step, brush-cleaning is very efficient to reduce the number of free spores in the seed lot. Seed treatments: Seed treatments are essential to prevent and control common bunt. Several seed treatments are authorized for organic farming, namely white vinegar, mustard powder, products based on antagonist microorganisms (e.g. Cerall (R)) and products based on copper (e.g. Copseed), depending on the country. When harvesting. If an infection with common bunt is suspected, harvest healthy wheat fields first and infected fields last. Then clean the harvester by harvesting crops which are not susceptible to common bunt, e.g. oats or any non-cereal crop (e.g. pea, soybean).
    Keywords Breeding ; genetics and propagation
    Subject code 580
    Language English
    Publishing country dk
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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