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  1. Article ; Online: Impaired lung function in adolescents with pulmonary tuberculosis during treatment and following treatment completionResearch in context

    Marieke M. van der Zalm / Vita W. Jongen / Ruan Swanepoel / Klassina Zimri / Brian Allwood / Megan Palmer / Rory Dunbar / Pierre Goussard / H Simon Schaaf / Anneke C. Hesseling / James A. Seddon

    EClinicalMedicine, Vol 67, Iss , Pp 102406- (2024)

    2024  

    Abstract: Summary: Background: Little is known about post-tuberculosis lung disease in adolescents. We prospectively assessed lung function in adolescents with microbiologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis during treatment and after treatment completion. ... ...

    Abstract Summary: Background: Little is known about post-tuberculosis lung disease in adolescents. We prospectively assessed lung function in adolescents with microbiologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis during treatment and after treatment completion. Methods: In a prospective study, we enrolled adolescents diagnosed with microbiologically confirmed tuberculosis and healthy tuberculosis-exposed household controls, between October 2020 and July 2021 in Cape Town, South Africa. Spirometry, plethysmography, diffusion capacity lung function tests and 6-min walking test (6MWT) were completed according to international guidelines 2 months into treatment and following treatment completion. Abnormal lung function was defined as abnormal spirometry (z-score < −1.64 for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and/or forced vital capacity (FVC) and/or FEV1/FVC), plethysmography (total lung capacity (TLC) < 80% of predicted, residual volume over TLC of >45%) and/or diffusion capacity (DLCO z-score < −1.64). Findings: One-hundred adolescents were enrolled; 50 (50%) with tuberculosis and 50 (50%) healthy tuberculosis-exposed controls. Of the 50 adolescents with tuberculosis, ten had multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Mean age of the group was 14.9 years (SD 2.7), 6 (6.0%) were living with HIV and 9 (9.0%) were previously treated for tuberculosis. Lung function improved over time; during treatment abnormal lung function was found in 76% of adolescents with tuberculosis, compared to 65% after treatment completion. Spirometry indices were lower in adolescents with tuberculosis compared to controls, both at 2 months and after treatment completion. Plethysmography in adolescents with tuberculosis showed that air-trapping was more common during treatment than in controls (12% vs 0%, respectively, p = 0.017); which improved following treatment completion. Adolescents with tuberculosis both during and after treatment completion walked a shorter distance than controls. Interpretation: Adolescents with tuberculosis have ...
    Keywords Tuberculosis ; Adolescents ; Morbidity ; Lung health ; Post-tuberculosis ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Understanding the biology, morbidity and social contexts of adolescent tuberculosis

    Anneke C Hesseling / Alex Doruyter / Elizabeth Whittaker / James A Seddon / Brian W Allwood / Graeme Hoddinott / David A J Moore / Stephanus Malherbe / H Simon Schaaf / Gert Van Zyl / Marieke M van der Zalm / Jeremi Swanepoel / Klassina Zimri / Megan Palmer / Gezila De Beer / Leanie Kleynhans / Sarah M Johnson / Vita Jongen / Dillon Wademan /
    Khanyisa Mcimeli / Stephanie Jacobs / Ruan Swanepoel / Charlotte Heuvelings / Stephanie Griffith-Richards

    BMJ Open, Vol 12, Iss

    a prospective observational cohort study protocol (Teen TB)

    2022  Volume 12

    Abstract: Introduction A considerable burden of the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic is found in adolescents. The reasons for increased susceptibility to TB infection and higher incidence of TB disease in adolescence, compared with the 5–10 years old age group, are ... ...

    Abstract Introduction A considerable burden of the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic is found in adolescents. The reasons for increased susceptibility to TB infection and higher incidence of TB disease in adolescence, compared with the 5–10 years old age group, are incompletely understood. Despite the pressing clinical and public health need to better understand and address adolescent TB, research in this field remains limited.Methods and analysis Teen TB is an ongoing prospective observational cohort study that aims to better understand the biology, morbidity and social context of adolescent TB. The study plans to recruit 50 adolescents (10–19 years old) with newly diagnosed microbiologically confirmed pulmonary TB disease and 50 TB-exposed controls without evidence of TB disease in Cape Town, South Africa, which is highly endemic for TB. At baseline, cases and controls will undergo a detailed clinical evaluation, chest imaging, respiratory function assessments and blood collection for viral coinfections, inflammatory cytokines and pubertal hormone testing. At 2 weeks, 2 months and 12 months, TB disease cases will undergo further chest imaging and additional lung function testing to explore the patterns of respiratory abnormalities. At week 2, cases will complete a multicomponent quantitative questionnaire about psychological and social impacts on their experiences and longitudinal, in-depth qualitative data will be collected from a nested subsample of 20 cases and their families.Ethics and dissemination The study protocol has received ethical approval from the Stellenbosch University Health Research Ethics Committee (N19/10/148). The study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, academic conferences and formal presentations to health professionals. Results will also be made available to participants and caregivers.
    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Subject code 170
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMJ Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

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