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  1. Article ; Online: Approaching 1.5 °C: how will we know we've reached this crucial warming mark?

    Betts, Richard A / Belcher, Stephen E / Hermanson, Leon / Klein Tank, Albert / Lowe, Jason A / Jones, Chris D / Morice, Colin P / Rayner, Nick A / Scaife, Adam A / Stott, Peter A

    Nature

    2023  Volume 624, Issue 7990, Page(s) 33–35

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type News
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/d41586-023-03775-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 26: Show issues Location:
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  2. Book ; Online: Tijd voor een dagelijks klimaatbericht

    Klein Tank, Albert M.G.

    klimaatdiensten voor een warmere wereld

    2016  

    Keywords Life Science
    Language Dutch
    Publisher Wageningen University & Research
    Publishing country nl
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Downscaling daily air-temperature measurements in the Netherlands

    Dirksen, Marieke / Knap, Wouter H. / Steeneveld, Gert Jan / Holtslag, Albert A.M. / Klein Tank, Albert M.G.

    Theoretical and Applied Climatology

    2020  Volume 142

    Abstract: High-resolution, regularly gridded air-temperature maps are frequently used in climatology, hydrology, and ecology. Within the Netherlands, 34 official automatic weather stations (AWSs) are operated by the National Met Service according to World ... ...

    Abstract High-resolution, regularly gridded air-temperature maps are frequently used in climatology, hydrology, and ecology. Within the Netherlands, 34 official automatic weather stations (AWSs) are operated by the National Met Service according to World Meteorological Organization (WMO) standards. Although the measurements are of high quality, the spatial density of the AWSs is not sufficient to reconstruct the temperature on a 1-km-resolution grid. Therefore, a new methodology for daily temperature reconstruction from 1990 to 2017 is proposed, using linear regression and multiple adaptive regression splines. The daily 34 AWS measurements are interpolated using eight different predictors: diurnal temperature range, population density, elevation, albedo, solar irradiance, roughness, precipitation, and vegetation index. Results are cross-validated for the AWS locations and compared with independent citizen weather observations. The RMSE of the reference method ordinary kriging amounts to 2.6 °C whereas using the new methods the RMSE drops below 1.0 °C. Especially for cities, a substantial improvement of the predictions is found. Independent predictions are on average 0.3 °C less biased than ordinary kriging at 40 high-quality citizen measurement sites. With this new method, we have improved the representation of local temperature variations within the Netherlands. The temperature maps presented here can have applications in urban heat island studies, local trend analysis, and model evaluation.
    Keywords Life Science
    Subject code 910
    Language English
    Publishing country nl
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 1463177-5
    ISSN 1434-4483 ; 0177-798X
    ISSN (online) 1434-4483
    ISSN 0177-798X
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Homogenization of daily temperature series in the European Climate Assessment & Dataset

    Squintu, Antonello A. / van der Schrier, Gerard / Brugnara, Yuri / Klein Tank, Albert

    International Journal of Climatology

    2019  Volume 39, Issue 3

    Abstract: The daily maximum and minimum temperature series of the European Climate Assessment & Dataset are homogenized using the quantile matching approach. As the dataset is large and the detail of metadata is generally missing, an automated method locates ... ...

    Abstract The daily maximum and minimum temperature series of the European Climate Assessment & Dataset are homogenized using the quantile matching approach. As the dataset is large and the detail of metadata is generally missing, an automated method locates breaks in the series based on a comparison with surrounding series and applies adjustments which are estimated using homogeneous segments of surrounding series as reference. A total of 6,500 series have been processed and after removing duplicates and short series, about 2,100 series have been adjusted. Finally, the effect of the homogenization of daily maximum and minimum temperature on trend estimation is shown to produce a much more spatially homogeneous and then plausible picture.
    Keywords Europe ; homogenization ; quantile matching ; temperature ; trends
    Language English
    Publishing country nl
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 1491204-1
    ISSN 1097-0088 ; 0899-8418
    ISSN (online) 1097-0088
    ISSN 0899-8418
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Building long homogeneous temperature series across europe

    Squintu, Antonello A. / van der Schrier, Gerard / van den Besselaar, Else J.M. / Cornes, Richard C. / Klein Tank, Albert M.G.

    Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology

    A new approach for the blending of neighboring series

    2020  Volume 59, Issue 1

    Abstract: Long and homogeneous series are a necessary requirement for reliable climate analysis. Relocation of measuring equipment from one station to another, such as from the city center to a rural area or a nearby airport, is one of the causes of ... ...

    Abstract Long and homogeneous series are a necessary requirement for reliable climate analysis. Relocation of measuring equipment from one station to another, such as from the city center to a rural area or a nearby airport, is one of the causes of discontinuities in these long series that may affect trend estimates. In this paper, an updated procedure for the composition of long series, by combining data from nearby stations, is introduced. It couples an evolution of the blending procedure already implemented within the European Climate Assessment and Dataset (ECA&D, which combines data from stations no more than 12.5 km apart from each other) with a duplicate removal, alongside the quantile matching homogenization procedure. The ECA&D contains approximately 3000 homogenized series for each temperature variable prior to the blending procedure, and approximately 820 of these are longer than 60 years; the process of blending increases the number of long series to more than 900. Three case studies illustrate the effects of the homogenization on single blended series, showing the effectiveness of separate adjustments on extreme and mean values (Geneva, Switzerland), on cases in which blending is complex (Rheinstetten, Germany), and on series that are completed by adding relevant portions of Global Telecommunications System synoptic data (Siauliai, Lithuania). A trend assessment on the whole European continent reveals the removal of negative and very large trends, demonstrating a stronger spatial consistency. The new blended and homogenized dataset will allow a more reliable use of temperature series for indices calculation and for the calculation of gridded datasets and it will be available online for users (https://www.ecad.eu).
    Keywords Life Science
    Subject code 330
    Language English
    Publishing country nl
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2227779-1
    ISSN 1558-8432 ; 1558-8424
    ISSN (online) 1558-8432
    ISSN 1558-8424
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Quantifying the effect of different urban planning strategies on heat stress for current and future climates in the agglomeration of The Hague (The Netherlands)

    Koopmans, Sytse / Ronda, Reinder / Steeneveld, Gert-Jan / Holtslag, Albert A.M. / Klein Tank, Albert M.G.

    Atmosphere

    2018  Volume 9, Issue 9

    Abstract: In the Netherlands, there will be an urgent need for additional housing by the year 2040, which mainly has to be realized within the existing built environment rather than in the spatial extension of cities. In this data-driven study, we investigated the ...

    Abstract In the Netherlands, there will be an urgent need for additional housing by the year 2040, which mainly has to be realized within the existing built environment rather than in the spatial extension of cities. In this data-driven study, we investigated the effects of different urban planning strategies on heat stress for the current climate and future climate scenarios (year 2050) for the urban agglomeration of The Hague. Heat stress is here expressed as the number of days exceeding minimum temperatures of 20 °C in a year. Thereto, we applied a diagnostic equation to determine the daily maximum urban heat island based on routine meteorological observations and straightforward urban morphological properties including the sky-view factor and the vegetation fraction. Moreover, we utilized the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute's (KNMI) climate scenarios to transform present-day meteorological hourly time series into the future time series. The urban planning strategies differ in replacing low- and mid-rise buildings with high-rise buildings (which reduces the sky-view factor), and constructing buildings on green areas (which reduces the vegetation fraction). We found that, in most cases, the vegetation fraction is a more critical parameter than the sky-view factor to minimize the extra heat stress incurred when densifying the neighbourhood. This means that an urban planning strategy consisting of high-rise buildings and preserved green areas is often the best solution. Still, climate change will have a larger impact on heat stress for the year 2050 than the imposed urban densification.
    Keywords Climate scenarios ; Heat resilience ; Urban heat island ; Urban planning
    Subject code 720
    Language English
    Publishing country nl
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2605928-9
    ISSN 2073-4433
    ISSN 2073-4433
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article: U.K. Community Earth System Modeling for CMIP6.

    Senior, Catherine A / Jones, Colin G / Wood, Richard A / Sellar, Alistair / Belcher, Stephen / Klein-Tank, Albert / Sutton, Rowan / Walton, Jeremy / Lawrence, Bryan / Andrews, Timothy / Mulcahy, Jane P

    Journal of advances in modeling earth systems

    2020  Volume 12, Issue 9, Page(s) e2019MS002004

    Abstract: We describe the approach taken to develop the United Kingdom's first community Earth system model, UKESM1. This is a joint effort involving the Met Office and the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), representing the U.K. academic community. We ... ...

    Abstract We describe the approach taken to develop the United Kingdom's first community Earth system model, UKESM1. This is a joint effort involving the Met Office and the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), representing the U.K. academic community. We document our model development procedure and the subsequent U.K. submission to CMIP6, based on a traceable hierarchy of coupled physical and Earth system models. UKESM1 builds on the well-established, world-leading HadGEM models of the physical climate system and incorporates cutting-edge new representations of aerosols, atmospheric chemistry, terrestrial carbon, and nitrogen cycles and an advanced model of ocean biogeochemistry. A high-level metric of overall performance shows that both models, HadGEM3-GC3.1 and UKESM1, perform better than most other CMIP6 models so far submitted for a broad range of variables. We point to much more extensive evaluation performed in other papers in this special issue. The merits of not using any forced climate change simulations within our model development process are discussed. First results from HadGEM3-GC3.1 and UKESM1 include the emergent climate sensitivity (5.5 and 5.4 K, respectively) which is high relative to the current range of CMIP5 models. The role of cloud microphysics and cloud-aerosol interactions in driving the climate sensitivity, and the systematic approach taken to understand this role, is highlighted in other papers in this special issue. We place our findings within the broader modeling landscape indicating how our understanding of key processes driving higher sensitivity in the two U.K. models seems to align with results from a number of other CMIP6 models.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2462132-8
    ISSN 1942-2466
    ISSN 1942-2466
    DOI 10.1029/2019MS002004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Evaluation of trends in extreme temperatures simulated by HighResMIP models across Europe

    Squintu, Antonello A. / van der Schrier, Gerard / van den Besselaar, Else / van der Linden, Eveline / Putrasahan, Dian / Roberts, Christopher / Roberts, Malcolm / Scoccimarro, Enrico / Senan, Retish / Klein Tank, Albert

    Climate Dynamics

    2021  Volume 56, Issue 7-8

    Abstract: Simulation of past climate is an important tool for the validation of climate models. The comparison with observed daily values allows us to assess the reliability of their projections on climatic extremes in a future climate. The frequency and amplitude ...

    Abstract Simulation of past climate is an important tool for the validation of climate models. The comparison with observed daily values allows us to assess the reliability of their projections on climatic extremes in a future climate. The frequency and amplitude of extreme events are fundamental aspects that climate simulations need to reproduce as they have high impacts on economy and society. The ability to simulate them will help policy makers in taking better measures to face climate change. This work aims at evaluating how six models within the High Resolution Model Intercomparison Project reproduce the trends on extreme indices as they have been observed over Europe in the 1970–2014 period. Observed values are provided by the new homogenized version of the E-OBS gridded dataset. The comparison is performed through the use of indices based on seasonal averages and on exceedances of percentile-based thresholds, focusing on six subregions. Winter-average minimum temperature is generally underestimated by models (down to − 4 °C difference over Italy and Norway) while simulated trends in seasonal averages and extreme values are found to be too cold on Eastern Europe and too warm on Iberia and Southern Europe (e.g. up to a difference of − 4% per decade on the number of Cold Nights over Spain). On the other hand the models tend to overestimate summer maximum temperatures averages in the Mediterranean Area (up to + 5 °C over the Balkans) and underestimate these at higher latitudes. Iberia, Southern and Eastern Europe are simulated with too low trends in average summer temperatures. The simulated trends are too strong on the North West part and too weak on the South East part of Europe (down to − 3%/decade on the number of Warm Days over Italy and Western Balkans). These results corroborate the findings of previous studies about the underestimation of the warming trends of summer temperatures in Southern Europe, where these are more intense and have more impacts. The high-resolution versions of the models are compared to ...
    Keywords Climate simulations ; Extreme values ; Model validation
    Subject code 550
    Language English
    Publishing country nl
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 1471747-5
    ISSN 1432-0894 ; 0930-7575
    ISSN (online) 1432-0894
    ISSN 0930-7575
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Book ; Online: The INTENSE project

    Blenkinsop, Stephen / Fowler, Hayley J. / Barbero, Renaud / Chan, Steven C. / Guerreiro, Selma B. / Kendon, Elizabeth / Lenderink, Geert / Lewis, Elizabeth / Li, Xiao-Feng / Westra, Seth / Alexander, Lisa / Allan, Richard P. / Berg, Peter / Dunn, Robert J. H. / Ekström, Marie / Evans, Jason P. / Holland, Greg / Jones, Richard / Kjellström, Erik /
    Klein-Tank, Albert / Lettenmaier, Dennis / Mishra, Vimal / Prein, Andreas F. / Sheffield, Justin / Tye, Mari R.

    eISSN: 1992-0636

    using observations and models to understand the past, present and future of sub-daily rainfall extremes

    2019  

    Abstract: Historical in situ sub-daily rainfall observations are essential for the understanding of short-duration rainfall extremes but records are typically not readily accessible and data are often subject to errors and inhomogeneities. Furthermore, these ... ...

    Abstract Historical in situ sub-daily rainfall observations are essential for the understanding of short-duration rainfall extremes but records are typically not readily accessible and data are often subject to errors and inhomogeneities. Furthermore, these events are poorly quantified in projections of future climate change making adaptation to the risk of flash flooding problematic. Consequently, knowledge of the processes contributing to intense, short-duration rainfall is less complete compared with those on daily timescales. The INTENSE project is addressing this global challenge by undertaking a data collection initiative that is coupled with advances in high-resolution climate modelling to better understand key processes and likely future change. The project has so far acquired data from over 23 000 rain gauges for its global sub-daily rainfall dataset (GSDR) and has provided evidence of an intensification of hourly extremes over the US. Studies of these observations, combined with model simulations, will continue to advance our understanding of the role of local-scale thermodynamics and large-scale atmospheric circulation in the generation of these events and how these might change in the future.
    Subject code 910
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-07
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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