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Article ; Online: Agroecology: protecting, restoring, and promoting biodiversity.

Knapp, Jessica / Sciarretta, Andrea

BMC ecology and evolution

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 29

Abstract: The global food system is the predominant driver of biodiversity loss. Consequently, there is an increasing need to transition towards more sustainable and resilient agri-food systems to protect, restore and promote biodiversity. To help address this ... ...

Abstract	The global food system is the predominant driver of biodiversity loss. Consequently, there is an increasing need to transition towards more sustainable and resilient agri-food systems to protect, restore and promote biodiversity. To help address this issue, BMC Ecology and Evolution has launched a new article Collection on agroecology.
MeSH term(s)	Ecology ; Biodiversity ; Agriculture
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial
ISSN	2730-7182
ISSN (online)	2730-7182
DOI	10.1186/s12862-023-02140-y
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Article ; Online: Ecological traits interact with landscape context to determine bees' pesticide risk.

Knapp, Jessica L / Nicholson, Charlie C / Jonsson, Ove / de Miranda, Joachim R / Rundlöf, Maj

Nature ecology & evolution

2023 Volume 7, Issue 4, Page(s) 547–556

Abstract: Widespread contamination of ecosystems with pesticides threatens non-target organisms. However, the extent to which life-history traits affect pesticide exposure and resulting risk in different landscape contexts remains poorly understood. We address ... ...

Abstract	Widespread contamination of ecosystems with pesticides threatens non-target organisms. However, the extent to which life-history traits affect pesticide exposure and resulting risk in different landscape contexts remains poorly understood. We address this for bees across an agricultural land-use gradient based on pesticide assays of pollen and nectar collected by Apis mellifera, Bombus terrestris and Osmia bicornis, representing extensive, intermediate and limited foraging traits. We found that extensive foragers (A. mellifera) experienced the highest pesticide risk-additive toxicity-weighted concentrations. However, only intermediate (B. terrestris) and limited foragers (O. bicornis) responded to landscape context-experiencing lower pesticide risk with less agricultural land. Pesticide risk correlated among bee species and between food sources and was greatest in A. mellifera-collected pollen-useful information for future postapproval pesticide monitoring. We provide foraging trait- and landscape-dependent information on the occurrence, concentration and identity of pesticides that bees encounter to estimate pesticide risk, which is necessary for more realistic risk assessment and essential information for tracking policy goals to reduce pesticide risk.
MeSH term(s)	Bees ; Animals ; Pesticides/analysis ; Ecosystem ; Agriculture ; Pollen/chemistry ; Risk Assessment
Chemical Substances	Pesticides
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2397-334X
ISSN (online)	2397-334X
DOI	10.1038/s41559-023-01990-5
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Article ; Online: Courgette Production: Pollination Demand, Supply, and Value.

Knapp, Jessica L / Osborne, Juliet L

Journal of economic entomology

2017 Volume 110, Issue 5, Page(s) 1973–1979

Abstract: Courgette (Cucurbita pepo L.) production in the United Kingdom is estimated to be worth £6.7 million. However, little is known about this crop's requirement for insect-mediated pollination (pollinator dependence) and if pollinator populations in a ... ...

Abstract	Courgette (Cucurbita pepo L.) production in the United Kingdom is estimated to be worth £6.7 million. However, little is known about this crop's requirement for insect-mediated pollination (pollinator dependence) and if pollinator populations in a landscape are able to fulfil its pollination needs (pollination deficit). Consequently, pollination experiments were conducted over 2 yr to explore pollinator dependence and pollination deficit in field-grown courgette in the United Kingdom. Results showed that pollination increased yield by 39% and there was no evidence of pollination limitation on crop yield. This was evidenced by a surprisingly low pollination deficit (of just 3%) and no statistical difference in yield (length grown, circumference, and weight) between open- and hand-pollinated crops. Nonetheless, the high economic value of courgettes means that reducing even the small pollination deficit could still increase profit by ∼£166/ha. Interestingly, 56% of fruit was able to reach marketable size and shape without any pollination. Understanding a crop's requirement for pollinators can aid growers in their decision-making about what varieties and sites should be used. In doing so, they may increase their agricultural resilience and further their economic advantage.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-10-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3031-4
ISSN	1938-291X ; 0022-0493
ISSN (online)	1938-291X
ISSN	0022-0493
DOI	10.1093/jee/tox184
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Article: Pollinators, pests and yield—Multiple trade‐offs from insecticide use in a mass‐flowering crop

Knapp, Jessica L. / Bates, Adam / Jonsson, Ove / Klatt, Björn / Krausl, Theresia / Sahlin, Ullrika / Svensson, Glenn P. / Rundlöf, Maj

Journal of applied ecology. 2022 Sept., v. 59, no. 9

2022

Abstract: Multiple trade‐offs likely occur between pesticide use, pollinators and yield (via crop flowers) in pollinator‐dependent, mass‐flowering crops (MFCs), causing potential conflict between conservation and agronomic goals. To date, no studies have looked at ...

Abstract	Multiple trade‐offs likely occur between pesticide use, pollinators and yield (via crop flowers) in pollinator‐dependent, mass‐flowering crops (MFCs), causing potential conflict between conservation and agronomic goals. To date, no studies have looked at both outcomes within the same system, meaning win‐win solutions for pollinators and yield can only be inferred. Here, we outline a new framework to explore these trade‐offs, using red clover (Trifolium pratense) grown for seed production as an example. Specifically, we address how the insecticide thiacloprid affects densities of seed‐eating weevils (Protapion spp.), pollination rates, yield, floral resources and colony dynamics of the key pollinator, Bombus terrestris. Thiacloprid did not affect the amount of nectar provided by, or pollinator visitation to, red clover flowers but did reduce weevil density, correlating to increased yield and gross profit. In addition, colonies of B. terrestris significantly increased their weight and reproductive output in landscapes with (compared with without) red clover, regardless of insecticide use. Synthesis and applications. We propose a holistic conceptual framework to explore trade‐offs between pollinators, pesticides and yield that we believe to be essential for achieving conservation and agronomic goals. This framework applies to all insecticide‐treated mass‐flowering crops (MFCs) and can be adapted to include other ecological processes. Trialling the framework in our study system, we found that our focal insecticide, thiacloprid, improved red clover seed yield with no detected effects on its key pollinator, B. terrestris, and that the presence of red clover in the landscape can benefit pollinator populations.
Keywords	Bombus terrestris ; Curculionidae ; Trifolium pratense ; applied ecology ; insecticide application ; landscapes ; nectar ; pollination ; pollinators ; reproductive performance ; seed yield ; thiacloprid
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-09
Size	p. 2419-2429.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	410405-5
ISSN	1365-2664 ; 0021-8901
ISSN (online)	1365-2664
ISSN	0021-8901
DOI	10.1111/1365-2664.14244
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Article: Pollinator visitation to mass-flowering courgette and co-flowering wild flowers: Implications for pollination and bee conservation on farms

Knapp, Jessica L / Juliet L. Osborne / Rosalind F. Shaw

Basic and applied ecology. 2019 Feb., v. 34

2019

Abstract: Managing the complex relationship between pollinators and their habitat requirements is of particular concern to growers of pollinator-dependent crop species, such as courgette (Cucurbita pepo). Naturally occurring wild flowers (i.e. agricultural weeds) ... ...

Abstract	Managing the complex relationship between pollinators and their habitat requirements is of particular concern to growers of pollinator-dependent crop species, such as courgette (Cucurbita pepo). Naturally occurring wild flowers (i.e. agricultural weeds) offer a free, sustainable, and often underappreciated resource for pollinators, however, they may compete with crop flowers for visits. To understand the extent to which floral resources mediate pollinator visitation to courgette flowers and courgette fields, plant community and pollinator visitation data were collected at two spatial scales: field scale (in margins, and in the cropped area) and farm scale (500m and 2000m radii) for nine courgette fields across the UK. Apis mellifera (honeybees) and Bombus spp. (bumblebees) were the only pollinators observed to visit courgette flowers. Bumblebees were significantly more abundant on courgette flowers in fields with a greater species richness of wild flowers in the crop, whilst honeybees were significantly more abundant on courgette flowers in areas with less semi-natural habitat. For both honeybees and bumblebees, their abundance in field margins did not significantly reduce their abundance on courgette flowers, suggesting that wild flowers were not competing with courgette flowers for pollinator visitation. Although solitary bees were not observed to visit courgette flowers, their abundance and species richness in courgette fields were significantly greater with more semi-natural habitat and a greater species richness of wild flowers. Therefore, allowing uncultivated areas around the crop to be colonised by species-rich wild flowers is an effective way of boosting the abundance of bumblebees, which are important visitors to courgette flowers, as well as the abundance and species richness of solitary bees, thereby benefitting pollinator conservation.
Keywords	Apis mellifera ; Bombus ; crops ; Cucurbita pepo ; edge effects ; farms ; flowers ; growers ; habitats ; honey bees ; plant communities ; pollination ; pollinators ; solitary bees ; species richness ; weeds ; wild flowers ; zucchini ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-02
Size	p. 85-94.
Publishing place	Elsevier GmbH
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2026806-3
ISSN	1439-1791
ISSN	1439-1791
DOI	10.1016/j.baae.2018.09.003
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Classification of Angular Limb Deformities Affecting the Canine Radius and Ulna Using the Center of Rotation of Angulation Method.

Knapp, Jessica L / Tomlinson, James L / Fox, Derek B

Veterinary surgery : VS

2016 Volume 45, Issue 3, Page(s) 295–302

Abstract: Objective: To classify the type of angular deformity affecting the radius and ulna in canine limbs using the center of rotation of angulation methodology.: Study design: Retrospective case series.: Animals: Dogs (n=71) diagnosed with thoracic limb ...

Abstract	Objective: To classify the type of angular deformity affecting the radius and ulna in canine limbs using the center of rotation of angulation methodology. Study design: Retrospective case series. Animals: Dogs (n=71) diagnosed with thoracic limb lameness attributable to antebrachial angular limb deformities. Methods: Medical records from 2006-2013 were searched and cases with orthogonal radiographs or computed tomographic scans of the affected antebrachium were included. Classification of the deformity in the frontal plane and the presence of sagittal plane angulation, torsion, and adjacent joint radiographic disease were determined and compared. Results: Chondrodystrophic (n=26; 44 limbs) and non-chondrodystrophic (n=45; 62 limbs) dogs were included. Thirty-five uniapical and 71 biapical or multiapical deformities in the frontal plane were identified. The incidence of biapical deformities was statistically higher in chondrodystrophic compared to non-chondrodystrophic dogs (P=.02). When breeds were combined, biapical deformities were associated with a significantly higher incidence of adjacent radiographic joint disease (P=.049), more frequently affecting the elbow (P=.022). Overall, 82% of the 106 limbs had radiographic evidence of either elbow or carpal joint disease at the time of presentation. Conclusion: Biapical deformities are common in dogs with limb deformities, particularly chondrodystrophic dogs. Radiographic evidence of disease in adjacent joints should be evaluated in patients presenting for antebrachial deformities.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Dogs ; Elbow Joint/abnormalities ; Female ; Male ; Pedigree ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Radius/abnormalities ; Radius/diagnostic imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Rotation ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/veterinary ; Ulna/abnormalities ; Ulna/diagnostic imaging ; Upper Extremity Deformities, Congenital/diagnostic imaging ; Upper Extremity Deformities, Congenital/veterinary
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Evaluation Studies ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1491071-8
ISSN	1532-950X ; 0161-3499
ISSN (online)	1532-950X
ISSN	0161-3499
DOI	10.1111/vsu.12460
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Article: Re-evaluating strategies for pollinator-dependent crops: How useful is parthenocarpy?

Knapp, Jessica L / Bartlett, Lewis J / Osborne, Juliet L

The Journal of applied ecology

2016 Volume 54, Issue 4, Page(s) 1171–1179

Abstract: Whilst most studies reviewing the reliance of global agriculture on insect pollination advocate increasing the 'supply' of pollinators (wild or managed) to improve crop yields, there has been little focus on altering a crop's 'demand' for pollinators ... ...

Abstract	Whilst most studies reviewing the reliance of global agriculture on insect pollination advocate increasing the 'supply' of pollinators (wild or managed) to improve crop yields, there has been little focus on altering a crop's 'demand' for pollinators.Parthenocarpy (fruit set in the absence of fertilization) is a trait which can increase fruit quantity and quality from pollinator-dependent crops by removing the need for pollination.Here we present a meta-analysis of studies examining the extent and effectiveness of parthenocarpy-promoting techniques (genetic modification, hormone application and selective breeding) currently being used commercially, or experimentally, on pollinator-dependent crops in different test environments (no pollination, hand pollination, open pollination).All techniques significantly increased fruit quantity and quality in 18 pollinator-dependent crop species (not including seed and nut crops as parthenocarpy causes seedlessness). The degree to which plants experienced pollen limitation in the different test environments could not be ascertained, so the absolute effect of parthenocarpy relative to optimal pollination could not be determined.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-11-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	410405-5
ISSN	1365-2664 ; 0021-8901
ISSN (online)	1365-2664
ISSN	0021-8901
DOI	10.1111/1365-2664.12813
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Article: Bombus terrestris

Knapp, Jessica L / Becher, Matthias A / Rankin, Charlotte C / Twiston-Davies, Grace / Osborne, Juliet L

Ecology and evolution

2018 Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 609–618

Abstract: Bumblebees ( ...

Abstract	Bumblebees (
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-12-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2635675-2
ISSN	2045-7758
ISSN	2045-7758
DOI	10.1002/ece3.4784
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Article ; Online: Eating disorders in female athletes: use of screening tools.

Knapp, Jessica / Aerni, Giselle / Anderson, Jeffrey

Current sports medicine reports

2014 Volume 13, Issue 4, Page(s) 214–218

Abstract: Screening female athletes for eating disorders is not performed commonly even though the American College of Sports Medicine, National Athletic Trainer Association, and International Olympic Committee have guidelines recommending screening. Eating ... ...

Abstract	Screening female athletes for eating disorders is not performed commonly even though the American College of Sports Medicine, National Athletic Trainer Association, and International Olympic Committee have guidelines recommending screening. Eating disorders are more prevalent in the female athlete population than in the general population and carry short-term and long-term consequences that can affect sport performance. There are several screening tools available that have been studied in the general population and fewer tools that were validated specifically in female athletes. Female athletes with eating disorder pathology often have different factors and environmental pressures contributing to their pathology that can be identified best with an athlete-specific screening tool. We will discuss various screening tools available and the evidence for each one. Screening for eating disorders in all female athletes is an important part of the preparticipation examination and should be done using a tool specifically validated for the female athlete.
MeSH term(s)	Athletes/psychology ; Feeding and Eating Disorders/diagnosis ; Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology ; Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology ; Female ; Female Athlete Triad Syndrome/diagnosis ; Female Athlete Triad Syndrome/epidemiology ; Female Athlete Triad Syndrome/psychology ; Humans ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Sports/physiology ; Sports/psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires/standards
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2080040-X
ISSN	1537-8918 ; 1537-890X
ISSN (online)	1537-8918
ISSN	1537-890X
DOI	10.1249/JSR.0000000000000074
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Article ; Online: The need to be Superman: the psychosocial support challenges of young men affected by cancer.

Love, Brad / Thompson, Charee M / Knapp, Jessica

Oncology nursing forum

2014 Volume 41, Issue 1, Page(s) E21–7

Abstract: Purpose/objectives: To investigate how gender-specific issues shape the experiences of young adult men with cancer and what they report to be problematic.: Research approach: A qualitative, descriptive approach.: Setting: Website, focus group in ... ...

Abstract	Purpose/objectives: To investigate how gender-specific issues shape the experiences of young adult men with cancer and what they report to be problematic. Research approach: A qualitative, descriptive approach. Setting: Website, focus group in the southwestern United States, and phone interviews throughout the United States. Participants: Text from an online forum (N=3,000 posts), focus group of six men, and separate interviews with four men. Methodologic approach: Data analysis took place over two months through constant comparison of online text as well as a focus group and interview transcripts. Findings: Men face challenges being both a receiver and provider of support in relationships with their peers, romantic partners, and children. Cultural expectations to "be strong" drive their support-seeking beliefs and behaviors. Conclusions: Men report conflict between desires to show strength and to be honest that present a barrier to support, as well as contribute to inadequate relationships with male peers and greater difficulty in exchanging support with romantic partners. Interpretation: The authors identified attitudes about and barriers to men's experiences with social support, which healthcare providers, such as nurses, should be sensitive to when developing and providing support.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Emotions ; Focus Groups ; Gender Identity ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Humans ; Information Seeking Behavior ; Internet ; Interview, Psychological ; Male ; Masculinity ; Men/psychology ; Neoplasms/psychology ; Parenting ; Peer Group ; Qualitative Research ; Self Concept ; Sexual Partners/psychology ; Social Perception ; Social Support ; Survivors/psychology ; United States ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-01-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604886-9
ISSN	1538-0688 ; 0190-535X ; 1538-0688
ISSN (online)	1538-0688 ; 0190-535X
ISSN	1538-0688
DOI	10.1188/14.ONF.E21-E27
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