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  1. Article ; Online: Integrated inflammatory signaling landscape response after delivering Elovanoid free-fatty-acid precursors leading to experimental stroke neuroprotection.

    Reid, Madigan M / Belayev, Ludmila / Khoutorova, Larissa / Mukherjee, Pranab K / Obenaus, Andre / Shelvin, Kierany / Knowles, Stacey / Hong, Sung-Ha / Bazan, Nicolas G

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 15841

    Abstract: Despite efforts to identify modulatory neuroprotective mechanisms of damaging ischemic stroke cascade signaling, a void remains on an effective potential therapeutic. The present study defines neuroprotection by very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid ...

    Abstract Despite efforts to identify modulatory neuroprotective mechanisms of damaging ischemic stroke cascade signaling, a void remains on an effective potential therapeutic. The present study defines neuroprotection by very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (VLC-PUFA) Elovanoid (ELV) precursors C-32:6 and C-34:6 delivered intranasally following experimental ischemic stroke. We demonstrate that these precursors improved neurological deficit, decreased T2WI lesion volume, and increased SMI-71 positive blood vessels and NeuN positive neurons, indicating blood-brain barrier (BBB) protection and neurogenesis modulated by the free fatty acids (FFAs) C-32:6 and C-34:6. Gene expression revealed increased anti-inflammatory and pro-homeostatic genes and decreases in expression of pro-inflammatory genes in the subcortex. Additionally, the FFAs elicit a comprehensive downregulation of inflammatory microglia/monocyte-derived macrophages and astrocyte-associated genes in the subcortical region. Functional analysis reveals inhibition of immune-related pathways and production of upstream molecules related to detrimental signaling events in post-stroke acute and subacute phases.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified ; Neuroprotection ; Stroke/genetics ; Ischemic Stroke ; Astrocytes
    Chemical Substances Fatty Acids, Nonesterified
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-42126-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Discrepancies in Mass Shootings and Access to Trauma Care Across the United States, 2014-2018.

    Beiter, Kaylin J / Knowles, Stacey M / Tedesco, Alexandra / Leonardi, Claudia / Scharf, Peter L / Chapman, Brett M / Brown, Tommy A / Schoen, Jonathan E / Stuke, Lance E / Greiffenstein, Patrick P / Marr, Alan B / Hunt, John P / Smith, Alison A

    The American surgeon

    2024  , Page(s) 31348241241748

    Abstract: Introduction: The United States has one of the highest rates of gun violence and mass shootings. Timely medical attention in such events is critical. The objective of this study was to assess geographic disparities in mass shootings and access to trauma ...

    Abstract Introduction: The United States has one of the highest rates of gun violence and mass shootings. Timely medical attention in such events is critical. The objective of this study was to assess geographic disparities in mass shootings and access to trauma centers.
    Methods: Data for all Level I and II trauma centers were extracted from the American College of Surgeons and the Trauma Center Association of America registries. Mass shooting event data (4+ individuals shot at a single event) were taken from the Gun Violence Archive between 2014 and 2018.
    Results: A total of 564 trauma centers and 1672 mass shootings were included. Ratios of the number of mass shootings vs trauma centers per state ranged from 0 to 11.0 mass shootings per trauma center. States with the greatest disparity (highest ratio) included Louisiana and New Mexico.
    Conclusion: States in the southern regions of the US experience the greatest disparity due to a high burden of mass shootings with less access to trauma centers. Interventions are needed to increase access to trauma care and reduce mass shootings in these medically underserved areas.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 202465-2
    ISSN 1555-9823 ; 0003-1348
    ISSN (online) 1555-9823
    ISSN 0003-1348
    DOI 10.1177/00031348241241748
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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