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Article ; Online: Antidepressant-induced Paradoxical Anxiety, Akathisia, and Complex Vocal Tics in a Patient with Panic Disorder and Crohn's Disease: A Case Report.

Hk Koh, Azriel / Loh, Soon Shan / Lim, Leslie

2024

Abstract: Background: Antidepressant-induced paradoxical anxiety is a fairly common phenomenon seen in patients who are initiated on antidepressants. However, akathisia is a very uncommon manifestation of antidepressants. Much more rarely, antidepressants are ... ...

Abstract	Background: Antidepressant-induced paradoxical anxiety is a fairly common phenomenon seen in patients who are initiated on antidepressants. However, akathisia is a very uncommon manifestation of antidepressants. Much more rarely, antidepressants are also associated with the emergence of motor and vocal tics. This case adds to the growing literature of rare adverse events induced by antidepressants and aims to stimulate future research into the mechanism and risk factors of this phenomenon. Case presentation: In this case report, we describe a patient with panic disorder and co-morbid Crohn's disease who developed worsening anxiety, akathisia and vocal tics upon initiation of fluvoxamine. This is the first case report to describe the emergence of both akathisia and vocal tics in the same patient following antidepressant initiation. After discontinuation of fluvoxamine, the patient's symptoms resolved. Conclusion: Antidepressant-induced akathisia and tics are often distressing both to the patient and their loved ones, and they can be very puzzling to the clinician. It is important for clinicians to recognise that, although rare, antidepressants can have the adverse effects of akathisia and tics in patients. When these symptoms arise, it should prompt immediate discontinuation of the offending antidepressant.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-19
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2250840-5
ISSN	2212-3911 ; 1574-8863
ISSN (online)	2212-3911
ISSN	1574-8863
DOI	10.2174/0115748863270093231114075934
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Article ; Online: The Microbiome Matters: Its Impact on Cancer Development and Therapeutic Responses.

Chung, In-Young / Kim, Jihyun / Koh, Ara

Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)

2024

Abstract: In the evolving landscape of cancer research, the human microbiome emerges as a pivotal determinant reshaping our understanding of tumorigenesis and therapeutic responses. Advanced sequencing technologies have uncovered a vibrant microbial community not ... ...

Abstract	In the evolving landscape of cancer research, the human microbiome emerges as a pivotal determinant reshaping our understanding of tumorigenesis and therapeutic responses. Advanced sequencing technologies have uncovered a vibrant microbial community not confined to the gut but thriving within tumor tissues. Comprising bacteria, viruses, and fungi, this diverse microbiota displays distinct signatures across various cancers, with most research primarily focusing on bacteria. The correlations between specific microbial taxa within different cancer types underscore their pivotal roles in driving tumorigenesis and influencing therapeutic responses, particularly in chemotherapy and immunotherapy. This review amalgamates recent discoveries, emphasizing the translocation of the oral microbiome to the gut as a potential marker for microbiome dysbiosis across diverse cancer types and delves into potential mechanisms contributing to cancer promotion. Furthermore, it highlights the adverse effects of the microbiome on cancer development while exploring its potential in fortifying strategies for cancer prevention and treatment.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-08
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2012399-1
ISSN	1976-3794 ; 1225-8873
ISSN (online)	1976-3794
ISSN	1225-8873
DOI	10.1007/s12275-024-00110-7
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Article: From the Dish to the Real World: Modeling Interactions between the Gut and Microorganisms in Gut Organoids by Tailoring the Gut Milieu.

Park, Na-Young / Koh, Ara

International journal of stem cells

2022 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 70–84

Abstract: The advent of human intestinal organoid systems has revolutionized the way we understand the interactions between the human gut and microorganisms given the host tropism of human microorganisms. The gut microorganisms have regionality (i.e., small versus ...

Abstract	The advent of human intestinal organoid systems has revolutionized the way we understand the interactions between the human gut and microorganisms given the host tropism of human microorganisms. The gut microorganisms have regionality (i.e., small versus large intestine) and the expression of various virulence factors in pathogens is influenced by the gut milieu. However, the culture conditions, optimized for human intestinal organoids, often do not fully support the proliferation and functionality of gut microorganisms. In addition, the regional identity of human intestinal organoids has not been considered to study specific microorganisms with regional preference. In this review we provide an overview of current efforts to understand the role of microorganisms in human intestinal organoids. Specifically, we will emphasize the importance of matching the regional preference of microorganisms in the gut and tailoring the appropriate luminal environmental conditions (i.e., oxygen, pH, and biochemical levels) for modeling real interactions between the gut and the microorganisms with human intestinal organoids.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-22
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2914134-5
ISSN	2005-5447 ; 2005-3606
ISSN (online)	2005-5447
ISSN	2005-3606
DOI	10.15283/ijsc21243
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Article ; Online: Safety and efficacy of tranexamic acid in minimizing perioperative bleeding in extrahepatic abdominal surgery: meta-analysis.

Koh, A / Adiamah, A / Gomez, D / Sanyal, S

BJS open

2021 Volume 5, Issue 2

Abstract: Background: Perioperative bleeding is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery. The antifibrinolytic agent tranexamic acid (TXA) has been shown to reduce perioperative bleeding and mortality ... ...

Abstract	Background: Perioperative bleeding is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery. The antifibrinolytic agent tranexamic acid (TXA) has been shown to reduce perioperative bleeding and mortality risk in patients with traumatic injuries, but there is a lack of evidence for its use in elective abdominal and pelvic surgery. This meta-analysis of RCTs evaluated the effectiveness and safety of TXA in elective extrahepatic abdominopelvic surgery. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and ClinicalTrial.gov databases were searched to identify relevant RCTs from January 1947 to May 2020. The primary outcome, intraoperative blood loss, and secondary outcomes, need for perioperative blood transfusion, units of blood transfused, thromboembolic events, and mortality, were extracted from included studies. Quantitative pooling of data was based on a random-effects model. Results: Some 19 studies reporting on 2205 patients who underwent abdominal, pelvic, gynaecological or urological surgery were included. TXA reduced intraoperative blood loss (mean difference -188.35 (95 per cent c.i. -254.98 to -121.72) ml) and the need for perioperative blood transfusion (odds ratio (OR) 0.43, 95 per cent c.i. 0.28 to 0.65). TXA had no impact on the incidence of thromboembolic events (OR 0.49, 0.18 to 1.35). No adverse drug reactions or in-hospital deaths were reported. Conclusion: TXA reduces intraoperative blood loss during elective extrahepatic abdominal and pelvic surgery without an increase in complications.
MeSH term(s)	Antifibrinolytic Agents/administration & dosage ; Blood Loss, Surgical/prevention & control ; Humans ; Perioperative Care/methods ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Tranexamic Acid/administration & dosage
Chemical Substances	Antifibrinolytic Agents ; Tranexamic Acid (6T84R30KC1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review
ISSN	2474-9842
ISSN (online)	2474-9842
DOI	10.1093/bjsopen/zrab004
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Article: EGF-conditioned M1 macrophages Convey reduced inflammation into corneal endothelial cells through exosomes.

Lee, Soo Jin / Lee, Seung Hyeun / Koh, Ahra / Kim, Kyoung Woo

Heliyon

2024 Volume 10, Issue 5, Page(s) e26800

Abstract: Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), a protein pivotal in cell proliferation and survival, has recently shown promise in alleviating inflammation. This study investigates EGF's impact on M1 macrophages, exploring its potential for anti-inflammatory and anti- ... ...

Abstract	Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), a protein pivotal in cell proliferation and survival, has recently shown promise in alleviating inflammation. This study investigates EGF's impact on M1 macrophages, exploring its potential for anti-inflammatory and anti-vasculogenic interactions with corneal endothelial cells (CECs). Polarized M1 macrophages treated with EGF exhibited a suppression of gene expressions related to inflammatory and vasculogenic signals. The anti-inflammatory effects of EGF were observed in co-culture systems with human CECs (HCECs), showcasing its ability to alter macrophage phenotypes. Exosomes derived from EGF-treated M1 macrophages demonstrated enriched proteomic profiles related to immune system regulation and inflammation inhibition. When applied as eye drops in murine corneas, EGF-conditioned M1 macrophage-derived exosomes effectively reduced inflammation and increased M2-related
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26800
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Article: Monoclonal Antibodies Against the Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide and Its Receptor in Japanese Adolescents With Migraines.

Katsuki, Masahito / Kashiwagi, Kenta / Kawamura, Shin / Koh, Akihito

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) e33689

Abstract: Introduction Adolescent migraines is a public health problem, and effective prophylactic treatment is needed. In Japan, three types of calcitonin gene-related peptide-related monoclonal antibodies (CGRP-mABs) are available. Galcanezumab, fremanezumab, ... ...

Abstract	Introduction Adolescent migraines is a public health problem, and effective prophylactic treatment is needed. In Japan, three types of calcitonin gene-related peptide-related monoclonal antibodies (CGRP-mABs) are available. Galcanezumab, fremanezumab, and erenumab can be used for migraine prevention in ages 15 years or older, but reports on adolescent migraine treated with CGRP-mABs remain few. We described this study to report the real-world data of CGRP-mABs' efficacy for adolescents with migraines aged from 15 to 17 years old. Methods We retrospectively investigated ten adolescent migraine patients aged from 15 to 17 years old treated with CGRP-mABs. Headache impact test-6 (HIT-6), monthly headache days (MHD), and monthly acute medication intake days (AMD) before and three months after CGRP-mABs treatment were evaluated. Results Six females and four males were included. Seven had episodic migraines (EM), three had EM and tension-type headaches, one had chronic migraines (CM), and one had CM and medication-overuse headaches. As chief obstacles to life due to headaches, five reported them as detrimental to study, one reported them as detrimental to playing sports, and four reported missing school. The median HIT-6 was 63 (46-68) and 44 (36-65) before and three months after treatment, respectively. Median of MHD was 5.5 (1-29) and 1.5 (1-30), respectively, and the median of AMD was 5.5 (1-30) and 1 (0-30), respectively. A significant reduction of HIT-6 was observed at three months (p=0.008). Six (60%) of the ten patients experienced therapeutic effectiveness. Patients with missing school as the chief obstacle to life due to headaches seemed ineffective compared to those with other obstacles (p=0.048). There were no side effects of CGRP-mABs. Conclusion We herein described the ten adolescent migraine patients treated with CGRP-mABs. HIT-6 score significantly decreased at three months, and six of the ten patients experienced therapeutic effectiveness measured by HIT-6. Now several trials have been ongoing to test the efficacy of CGRP-mABs for adolescents. Urgent evidence accumulation is needed about CGRP-mABs for adolescents.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.33689
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Article ; Online: Scarring the early-life microbiome: its potential life-long effects on human health and diseases.

Park, Hyunji / Park, Na-Young / Koh, Ara

BMB reports

2023 Volume 56, Issue 9, Page(s) 469–481

Abstract: The gut microbiome is widely recognized as a dynamic organ with a profound influence on human physiology and pathology. Extensive epidemiological and longitudinal cohort studies have provided compelling evidence that disruptions in the early-life ... ...

Abstract	The gut microbiome is widely recognized as a dynamic organ with a profound influence on human physiology and pathology. Extensive epidemiological and longitudinal cohort studies have provided compelling evidence that disruptions in the early-life microbiome can have long-lasting health implications. Various factors before, during, and after birth contribute to shaping the composition and function of the neonatal and infant microbiome. While these alterations can be partially restored over time, metabolic phenotypes may persist, necessitating research to identify the critical period for early intervention to achieve phenotypic recovery beyond microbiome composition. In this review, we provide current understanding of changes in the gut microbiota throughout life and the various factors affecting these changes. Specifically, we highlight the profound impact of early-life gut microbiota disruption on the development of diseases later in life and discuss perspectives on efforts to recover from such disruptions. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(9): 469-481].
MeSH term(s)	Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Cicatrix ; Microbiota ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology ; Phenotype
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-21
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Review ; News
ZDB-ID	2410389-5
ISSN	1976-670X ; 1976-6696
ISSN (online)	1976-670X
ISSN	1976-6696
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Article: Comparison of intraocular pressure peak and fluctuations among Filipino patients with non-glaucomatous eyes and glaucoma suspects using water drinking test and diurnal intraocular pressure.

Koh, Anelisa / Verzosa, Cynthia

International journal of ophthalmology

2021 Volume 14, Issue 11, Page(s) 1729–1734

Abstract: Aim: To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) peaks and fluctuations using water drinking tests (WDTs) and mean diurnal IOP among Filipino patients with normal eyes and glaucoma suspects.: Methods: This prospective study included normal and glaucoma ...

Abstract	Aim: To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) peaks and fluctuations using water drinking tests (WDTs) and mean diurnal IOP among Filipino patients with normal eyes and glaucoma suspects. Methods: This prospective study included normal and glaucoma suspect patients. Each patient underwent both WDT and mean diurnal examination on separate visits. For mean diurnal examination, IOP was recorded every 2h for 8h while in WDT, IOP was recorded prior to WDT, and post-WDT at 5, 15, 30, 45, and 60min. IOP peak was recorded as the highest IOP for both methods, and IOP fluctuation was recorded as highest IOP minus lowest IOP. Results: With the comparison of diagnostic tests, both normal eyes and glaucoma suspect groups, the peak IOP was caught at 15min. Comparative analysis of both groups also showed that the peak IOP measurements were statistically higher for the WDT compared to mean diurnal IOP ( Conclusion: This study shows that WDT is a comparable diagnostic exam in predicting IOP fluctuations than mean diurnal measurement. WDT is a promising diagnostic procedure for risk assessment in glaucoma.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-18
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2663246-9
ISSN	2227-4898 ; 2222-3959
ISSN (online)	2227-4898
ISSN	2222-3959
DOI	10.18240/ijo.2021.11.12
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Article ; Online: Mastitis And Mammary abscess Management Audit (MAMMA).

Koh, A / Parks, R M / Courtney, A / Leff, D R

The British journal of surgery

2021 Volume 108, Issue 9, Page(s) e286–e287

MeSH term(s)	Abscess/therapy ; Breast Diseases/therapy ; Disease Management ; Female ; Humans ; Management Audit/methods ; Mastitis/therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2985-3
ISSN	1365-2168 ; 0263-1202 ; 0007-1323 ; 1355-7688
ISSN (online)	1365-2168
ISSN	0263-1202 ; 0007-1323 ; 1355-7688
DOI	10.1093/bjs/znab155
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Article: Musician Conserved Absolute Pitch Ability Despite a Right Parietal Subcortical Hemorrhage.

Katsuki, Masahito / Higo, Yoichi / Kashiwagi, Kenta / Kawamura, Shin / Koh, Akihito

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) e34319

Abstract: Absolute pitch (AP) can identify and designate the pitch chroma of a particular tone without using any external references. Unknown neurological mechanisms underlie it. We report the case of a 53-year-old AP musician who developed a right parietal ... ...

Abstract	Absolute pitch (AP) can identify and designate the pitch chroma of a particular tone without using any external references. Unknown neurological mechanisms underlie it. We report the case of a 53-year-old AP musician who developed a right parietal hemorrhage but conserved AP ability. Our case had a lesion in the right parietal lobe that did not affect her AP ability. Our case further supports the hypothesis that the left cerebral hemisphere is important for AP ability.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.34319
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