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Article ; Online: High-heat flux ball-pen probe head in ASDEX-Upgrade.

Grenfell, G / Adamek, J / Komm, M / Brida, D / Conway, G D / Manz, P / Tolias, P / Eich, T / Sestak, D / Herrmann, A / Nishizawa, T / Stroth, U

The Review of scientific instruments

2022 Volume 93, Issue 2, Page(s) 23507

Abstract: A new high heat flux ball-pen probe head installed on the midplane manipulator is currently being used in ASDEX-Upgrade (AUG). The probe was designed to withstand high heat fluxes making possible the investigation of the plasma edge under harsh ... ...

Abstract	A new high heat flux ball-pen probe head installed on the midplane manipulator is currently being used in ASDEX-Upgrade (AUG). The probe was designed to withstand high heat fluxes making possible the investigation of the plasma edge under harsh conditions, such as low power H-mode. Composed of seven pins (four Langmuir probes, mounted in two Mach probe pairs, and three ball-pen probes), the new probe head allows us to measure several plasma parameters simultaneously and with high temporal resolution. A novel method to correct the sheath potential dynamically accounting for the total secondary electron emission is introduced together with applications to obtain the electron temperature and plasma potential profiles. The total secondary electron emission yield is obtained from particle in cell simulations in AUG condition and probe realistic impact angle with respect to the magnetic field. Finally, the probe capability to investigate turbulence around the separatrix of AUG is discussed.
MeSH term(s)	Electrons ; Hot Temperature ; Temperature
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209865-9
ISSN	1089-7623 ; 0034-6748
ISSN (online)	1089-7623
ISSN	0034-6748
DOI	10.1063/5.0075846
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Damage control surgery in perforated diverticulitis: ongoing peritonitis at second surgery predicts a worse outcome.

Sohn, M A / Agha, A / Steiner, P / Hochrein, A / Komm, M / Ruppert, R / Ritschl, P / Aigner, F / Iesalnieks, I

International journal of colorectal disease

2018 Volume 33, Issue 7, Page(s) 871–878

Abstract: Purpose: Damage control strategy (DCS) is a two-staged procedure for the treatment of perforated diverticular disease complicated by generalized peritonitis. The aim of this retrospective multicenter cohort study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of ...

Abstract	Purpose: Damage control strategy (DCS) is a two-staged procedure for the treatment of perforated diverticular disease complicated by generalized peritonitis. The aim of this retrospective multicenter cohort study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of an ongoing peritonitis at the time of second surgery. Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent DCS for perforated diverticular disease of the sigmoid colon with generalized peritonitis at four surgical centers were included. Damage control strategy is a two-stage emergency procedure: limited resection of the diseased colonic segment, closure of oral and aboral colon, and application of a negative pressure assisted abdominal closure system at the initial surgery followed by second laparotomy 48 h later. Therein, decision for definite reconstruction (anastomosis or Hartmann's procedure (HP)) is made. An ongoing peritonitis at second surgery was defined as presence of visible fibrinous, purulent, or fecal peritoneal fluid. Microbiologic findings from peritoneal smear at first surgery were collected and analyzed. Results: Between 5/2011 and 7/2017, 74 patients underwent a DCS for perforated diverticular disease complicated by generalized peritonitis (female: 40, male: 34). At second surgery, 55% presented with ongoing peritonitis (OP). Patients with OP had higher rate of organ failure (32 vs. 9%, p = 0.024), higher Mannheim Peritonitis Index (25.2 vs. 18.9; p = 0.001), and increased operation time (105 vs. 84 min., p = 0.008) at first surgery. An anastomosis was constructed in all patients with no OP (nOP) at second surgery as opposed to 71% in the OP group (p < 0.001). Complication rate (44 vs. 24%, p = 0.092), mortality (12 vs. 0%, p = 0.061), overall number of surgeries (3.4 vs. 2.4, p = 0.017), enterostomy rate (76 vs. 36%, p = 0.001), and length of hospital stay (25 vs. 18.8 days, p = 0.03) were all increased in OP group. OP at second surgery occurred significantly more often in patients with Enterococcus infection (81 vs. 44%, p = 0.005) and with fungal infection (100 vs. 49%, p = 0.007). In a multivariate analysis, Enterococcus infection was associated with increased morbidity (67 vs. 21%, p < 0.001), enterostomy rate (81 vs. 48%, p = 0.017), and anastomotic leakage (29 vs. 6%, p = 0.042), whereas fungal peritonitis was associated with an increased mortality (43 vs. 4%, p = 0.014). Conclusion: Ongoing peritonitis after DCS is a predictor of a worse outcome in patients with perforated diverticulitis. Enterococcal and fungal infections have a negative impact on occurrence of OP and overall outcome.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; Colostomy ; Diverticulitis/complications ; Diverticulitis/surgery ; Diverticulitis, Colonic ; Female ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Intestinal Perforation/surgery ; Male ; Peritonitis/complications ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-13
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	84975-3
ISSN	1432-1262 ; 0179-1958
ISSN (online)	1432-1262
ISSN	0179-1958
DOI	10.1007/s00384-018-3025-7
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Real-time feedback control of the impurity emission front in tokamak divertor plasmas.

Ravensbergen, T / van Berkel, M / Perek, A / Galperti, C / Duval, B P / Février, O / van Kampen, R J R / Felici, F / Lammers, J T / Theiler, C / Schoukens, J / Linehan, B / Komm, M / Henderson, S / Brida, D / de Baar, M R

Nature communications

2021 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 1105

Abstract: In magnetic confinement thermonuclear fusion the exhaust of heat and particles from the core remains a major challenge. Heat and particles leaving the core are transported via open magnetic field lines to a region of the reactor wall, called the divertor. ...

Abstract	In magnetic confinement thermonuclear fusion the exhaust of heat and particles from the core remains a major challenge. Heat and particles leaving the core are transported via open magnetic field lines to a region of the reactor wall, called the divertor. Unabated, the heat and particle fluxes may become intolerable and damage the divertor. Controlled 'plasma detachment', a regime characterized by both a large reduction in plasma pressure and temperature at the divertor target, is required to reduce fluxes onto the divertor. Here we report a systematic approach towards achieving this critical need through feedback control of impurity emission front locations and its experimental demonstration. Our approach comprises a combination of real-time plasma diagnostic utilization, dynamic characterization of the plasma in proximity to the divertor, and efficient, reliable offline feedback controller design.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-021-21268-3
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Book ; Online ; Thesis: Staging als ein Instrument des Corporate Governance in Venture Capital Beziehungen

Komm, Matthias

2008

Abstract: Junge innovative Unternehmen (JIU) sind von grosser Bedeutung für die gesellschaftliche und wirtschaftliche Entwicklung eines Landes. Sie schaffen Arbeitsplätze, beschleunigen strukturelle Veränderungen und sind eine treibende Kraft für den Erhalt und ... ...

Author's details	Matthias Komm
Abstract	Junge innovative Unternehmen (JIU) sind von grosser Bedeutung für die gesellschaftliche und wirtschaftliche Entwicklung eines Landes. Sie schaffen Arbeitsplätze, beschleunigen strukturelle Veränderungen und sind eine treibende Kraft für den Erhalt und den Ausbau internationaler Wettbewerbsfähigkeit. JIU entwickeln Innovationen und versuchen, diese am Markt zu etablieren. Sie stehen jedoch bei der Finanzierung ihrer Investitionsvorhaben vor speziellen Problemen. Die technische Umsetzbarkeit und die Vermarktungsaussichten der Innovationen sind unsicher und schwer zu beurteilen. Glaubwürdige Informationen über innovative Investitionsvorhaben sind kaum verfügbar und müssen kostenintensiv beschafft werden. Ausserdem ist der Unternehmenserfolg stark von den Fähigkeiten der Führungskräfte des JIU abhängig, welche auf Grund der kurzen Unternehmenshistorie kaum beurteilt werden können. Darüber hinaus können JIU Kapitalgebern keine nennenswerten Sicherheiten in Form von greifbaren werthaltigen Aktiva bieten. All dies führt dazu, dass die Entwicklung und damit auch die Finanzierung der JIU mit hohen Risiken verbunden ist. Ausserdem wird die Beziehung zwischen JIU und externen Kapitalgebern durch starke Informations- und Anreizprobleme belastet. So besteht bspw. die Gefahr, dass sich die Unternehmensführung der JIU auf Grund ihres Informationsvorsprungs und der eingeschränkten Beobachtungsmöglichkeiten der Kapitalgeber opportunistisch verhält. Venture Capital (VC) ist eine besondere Finanztechnologie, welche eine Finanzierung der JIU ermöglicht. Sie wird von Venture Capital-Gesellschaften (VCG) eingesetzt, die in der Finanzierungsbeziehung zwischen externen Kapitalgebern und JIU stehen. Zur Steuerung und Kontrolle der finanzierten JIU setzen VCG wirkungsvolle Corporate Governance-In strumente ein. Die gestaffelte Bereitstellung des Kapitals, welche in dieser Arbeit in Anlehnung an die US-amerikanische Terminologie auch als Staging bezeichnet wird, ist eines der wichtigsten Governance-Instrumente für VCG. Dem JIU wird dabei die gesamte Investitionssumme nicht komplett zu einem Zeitpunkt (upfront), sondern in einzelnen Teilbeträgen, welche zur Verwirklichung angestrebter Zwischenziele erforderlich sind, bereitgestellt. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es zu untersuchen, inwiefern es der VCG mit Hilfe des Governance-Instrumentes Staging möglich ist, Risiken zu kontrollieren und Informations- und Anreizprobleme abzumildern oder zu lösen, die während einer Finanzierungsbeziehung zwischen VCG und JIU auftreten. Darüber hinaus soll kritisch betrachtet werden, welche Fehlanreize durch eine gestaffelte Kapitalbereitstellung ausgelöst werden.
Keywords	Venture capital ; Unternehmensgründung ; Wagnisfinanzierungsgesellschaft ; Risikokapital ; Corporate Governance ; Wirtschaft Finanzierung ; Wirtschaft Industrieprofile
Language	German
Size	Online-Ressource, graph. Darst
Publisher	Diplomica-Verl
Publishing place	Hamburg
Document type	Book ; Online ; Thesis
Thesis / German Habilitation thesis	Univ., Diplomarbeit, --Göttingen, 2007
Note	Cover title ; Includes bibliographical references
ISBN	3836657791 ; 9783836657792
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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Book ; Online ; Thesis: Staging als ein Instrument des Corporate Governance in Venture Capital Beziehungen

Komm, Matthias

2008

Author's details	Matthias Komm
Abstract	Junge innovative Unternehmen (JIU) sind von grosser Bedeutung für die gesellschaftliche und wirtschaftliche Entwicklung eines Landes. Sie schaffen Arbeitsplätze, beschleunigen strukturelle Veränderungen und sind eine treibende Kraft für den Erhalt und den Ausbau internationaler Wettbewerbsfähigkeit. JIU entwickeln Innovationen und versuchen, diese am Markt zu etablieren. Sie stehen jedoch bei der Finanzierung ihrer Investitionsvorhaben vor speziellen Problemen. Die technische Umsetzbarkeit und die Vermarktungsaussichten der Innovationen sind unsicher und schwer zu beurteilen. Glaubwürdige Informationen über innovative Investitionsvorhaben sind kaum verfügbar und müssen kostenintensiv beschafft werden. Ausserdem ist der Unternehmenserfolg stark von den Fähigkeiten der Führungskräfte des JIU abhängig, welche auf Grund der kurzen Unternehmenshistorie kaum beurteilt werden können. Darüber hinaus können JIU Kapitalgebern keine nennenswerten Sicherheiten in Form von greifbaren werthaltigen Aktiva bieten. All dies führt dazu, dass die Entwicklung und damit auch die Finanzierung der JIU mit hohen Risiken verbunden ist. Ausserdem wird die Beziehung zwischen JIU und externen Kapitalgebern durch starke Informations- und Anreizprobleme belastet. So besteht bspw. die Gefahr, dass sich die Unternehmensführung der JIU auf Grund ihres Informationsvorsprungs und der eingeschränkten Beobachtungsmöglichkeiten der Kapitalgeber opportunistisch verhält. Venture Capital (VC) ist eine besondere Finanztechnologie, welche eine Finanzierung der JIU ermöglicht. Sie wird von Venture Capital-Gesellschaften (VCG) eingesetzt, die in der Finanzierungsbeziehung zwischen externen Kapitalgebern und JIU stehen. Zur Steuerung und Kontrolle der finanzierten JIU setzen VCG wirkungsvolle Corporate Governance-In strumente ein. Die gestaffelte Bereitstellung des Kapitals, welche in dieser Arbeit in Anlehnung an die US-amerikanische Terminologie auch als Staging bezeichnet wird, ist eines der wichtigsten Governance-Instrumente für VCG. Dem JIU wird dabei die gesamte Investitionssumme nicht komplett zu einem Zeitpunkt (upfront), sondern in einzelnen Teilbeträgen, welche zur Verwirklichung angestrebter Zwischenziele erforderlich sind, bereitgestellt. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es zu untersuchen, inwiefern es der VCG mit Hilfe des Governance-Instrumentes Staging möglich ist, Risiken zu kontrollieren und Informations- und Anreizprobleme abzumildern oder zu lösen, die während einer Finanzierungsbeziehung zwischen VCG und JIU auftreten. Darüber hinaus soll kritisch betrachtet werden, welche Fehlanreize durch eine gestaffelte Kapitalbereitstellung ausgelöst werden.
Keywords	Venture capital ; Unternehmensgründung ; Wagnisfinanzierungsgesellschaft ; Risikokapital ; Corporate Governance ; Wirtschaft Finanzierung ; Wirtschaft Industrieprofile
Language	German
Size	Online-Ressource, graph. Darst
Publisher	Diplomica-Verl
Publishing place	Hamburg
Document type	Book ; Online ; Thesis
Thesis / German Habilitation thesis	Univ., Diplomarbeit, --Göttingen, 2007
Note	Cover title ; Includes bibliographical references
ISBN	3836657791 ; 9783836657792
Database	Former special subject collection: coastal and deep sea fishing

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Article ; Online: Profile measurements in the plasma edge of mega amp spherical tokamak using a ball pen probe.

Walkden, N R / Adamek, J / Allan, S / Dudson, B D / Elmore, S / Fishpool, G / Harrison, J / Kirk, A / Komm, M

The Review of scientific instruments

2015 Volume 86, Issue 2, Page(s) 23510

Abstract: The ball pen probe (BPP) technique is used successfully to make profile measurements of plasma potential, electron temperature, and radial electric field on the Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak. The potential profile measured by the BPP is shown to ... ...

Abstract	The ball pen probe (BPP) technique is used successfully to make profile measurements of plasma potential, electron temperature, and radial electric field on the Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak. The potential profile measured by the BPP is shown to significantly differ from the floating potential both in polarity and profile shape. By combining the BPP potential and the floating potential, the electron temperature can be measured, which is compared with the Thomson scattering (TS) diagnostic. Excellent agreement between the two diagnostics is obtained when secondary electron emission is accounted for in the floating potential. From the BPP profile, an estimate of the radial electric field is extracted which is shown to be of the order ∼1 kV/m and increases with plasma current. Corrections to the BPP measurement, constrained by the TS comparison, introduce uncertainty into the ER measurements. The uncertainty is most significant in the electric field well inside the separatrix. The electric field is used to estimate toroidal and poloidal rotation velocities from E × B motion. This paper further demonstrates the ability of the ball pen probe to make valuable and important measurements in the boundary plasma of a tokamak.
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209865-9
ISSN	1089-7623 ; 0034-6748
ISSN (online)	1089-7623
ISSN	0034-6748
DOI	10.1063/1.4908572
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Article ; Online: Midterm results after subtrochanteric end-to-side valgization osteotomy in severe infantile coxa vara.

Günther, Christian M J / Komm, Moritz / Jansson, Volkmar / Heimkes, Bernhard

Journal of pediatric orthopedics

2013 Volume 33, Issue 4, Page(s) 353–360

Abstract: Background: For the treatment of the severe infantile coxa vara it is mandatory for the orthopaedic surgeon to observe the mechanobiology of the growing hip before and after the surgical intervention. We hereby would like to present our experiences with ...

Abstract	Background: For the treatment of the severe infantile coxa vara it is mandatory for the orthopaedic surgeon to observe the mechanobiology of the growing hip before and after the surgical intervention. We hereby would like to present our experiences with the subtrochanteric end-to-side valgization osteotomy and to compare the procedure with the alternatively used Y-shaped osteotomy as described by Pauwels. Methods: Thirteen patients (20 hips) who had undergone subtrochanteric end-to-side valgization were followed for a mean 6.2 years (range, 0.8 to 12.8 y). At the time of surgery the mean age was 7.1 years (range, 2.0 to 13.3 y), last follow-up examination was performed at a mean of 13.4 years of age (range, 5.1 to 18.3 y). The deformities were etiologically based on 5 entities: congenital coxa vara (n=1), osteochondrodysplasias (n=12), postosteomyelitic coxa vara (n=5), and avascular femoral head necrosis in the course of congenital dysplasia of the hip (n=2). The follow-up rate was 100%.In addition, we analyzed a total of 93 pelvic radiographies with a total of 139 hip joints. Thirty angles and distances were assessed according to parameters described in the literature. Results: Although preoperatively 12 patients presented with a positive Trendelenburg's sign, it was only present postoperatively in 2 patients. Duchenne's limp reduced from 10 to 1. All of the 15 preoperatively apparent nonunions could be healed by means of surgery. Two hips redeveloped pathologically lowered collodiaphyseal angles postoperatively, one of which had to undergo revision surgery. Preoperatively 15 out of 20 patients (75%) showed nonunions all of which healed after surgery. No recurrence could be seen at the time of the last follow-up.The following angles were assessed on plain radiographies of the pelvis preoperatively and directly postoperatively as well as on the last follow-up at a mean of 85 months: CCD-angle 98 degrees/156 degrees/144 degrees, EY-angle 55 degrees/5 degrees/15.7 degrees, AY-angle 32 degrees/75 degrees/66 degrees, CE-angle 20 degrees/25 degrees/18 degrees, AC-angle 20 degrees/18 degrees/20 degrees. The articulotrochanteric distance was 5 mm/26 mm/14 mm. Conclusions: The subtrochanteric end-to-side valgization osteotomy showed to be highly effective in the management of the infantile coxa vara, improving the clinical impairment of the patients postoperatively. All of the preoperatively present nonunions showed osseous consolidation at follow-up examination. Only minor revarization tendencies could be found. The procedure is technically less demanding, safer and more efficient regarding the lengthening of the affected limb in comparison to the Y-shaped intertrochanteric osteotomy as described by Pauwels. Level of evidence: Case-control study (EBM-level III).
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Coxa Vara/diagnostic imaging ; Coxa Vara/pathology ; Coxa Vara/surgery ; Female ; Femur Head Necrosis/pathology ; Femur Head Necrosis/surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Joint/diagnostic imaging ; Hip Joint/pathology ; Hip Joint/surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Osteochondrodysplasias/pathology ; Osteochondrodysplasias/surgery ; Osteotomy/adverse effects ; Osteotomy/methods ; Radiography ; Severity of Illness Index ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604642-3
ISSN	1539-2570 ; 0271-6798
ISSN (online)	1539-2570
ISSN	0271-6798
DOI	10.1097/BPO.0b013e3182812194
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Article ; Conference proceedings: Das Appendixkarzinom: Analyse prognostisch relevanter Parameter über einen Zeitraum von 20 Jahren

Kopp, R / Klein, F / Komm, M / Jauch, KW / Engel, J

Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie

2010

Abstract: Einleitung: Das Appendixkarzinom stellt eine seltene Form der gastrointestinalen Malignome dar. Daten von größeren Patientenkollektiven mit Aussagen zur Prognose und validierte Empfehlungen zur Therapie fehlen bisher. Bisher erfolgte die ... ...

Event/congress	65. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten - 4. Herbsttagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie gemeinsam mit den Arbeitsgemeinschaften der DGAV - Viszeralmedizin 2010, Stuttgart, 2010
Abstract	Einleitung: Das Appendixkarzinom stellt eine seltene Form der gastrointestinalen Malignome dar. Daten von größeren Patientenkollektiven mit Aussagen zur Prognose und validierte Empfehlungen zur Therapie fehlen bisher. Bisher erfolgte die Prognosebeurteilung, die TNM Klassifikation und die Therapieempfehlungen in Analogie zum Kolonkarzinom. Die erst aktuell formulierte TNM Klassifikation (2010) für das Appendixkarzinom bedarf der Evaluation anhand klinischer Verlaufsdaten. Ziele: Analyse prognostisch relevanter Parameter für das Appendixkarzinom. Methodik: Aus der Datenbank des Tumorregisters München wurden alle dokumentierten Patienten mit der Diagnose Appendixkarzinom von 1988–2008 analysiert (Histologie, TNM Klassifikation und Überleben). Ergebnis: Im Tumorregister des TZ München wurden im Zeitraum von 1988–2008 172 Appendixkarzinome dokumentiert. Davon wird das Appendixkarzinom in etwa einem Drittel der Appendixmalignome diagnostiziert, neben dem Appendixkarzinoid, den Lymphomen der Appendix und sonstigen meist sekundären Pathologien. Appendixkarzinome werden vorwiegend im Stadium des lokal invasiven T3/T4 Tumors diagnostiziert und operiert (T1/2 vs. T3/4, p<0,001). Das 5-Jahres-Überleben der Patienten mit Appendixkarzinomen (UICC I-IV) ist in unserer Auswertung schlechter im Vergleich zum Karzinoid der Appendix (p=0,02), aber prognostisch günstiger als das Überleben der Patienten mit Kolonkarzinomen (alle Stadien, p<0,02). Prognostisch relevante Parameter waren in der univariaten Analyse das TNM Stadium, der histologische Subtyp und der R0 Status. Schlussfolgerung: In der dargestellten Auswertung werden die Behandlungsergebnisse der Patienten mit Appendixkarzinomen über eine Zeitraum von 20 Jahren beschrieben. Die weitere Auswertung prognostisch relevanter Parameter wird für die Bewertung der aktuell mitgeteilten TNM-Klassifikation für diese Tumorentität und die zukünftigen differenzierten Therapieempfehlungen von Bedeutung sein.
Language	German
Publishing date	2010-08-03
Publishing place	Stuttgart ; New York
Document type	Article ; Conference proceedings
ZDB-ID	201387-3
ISSN	1439-7803 ; 0044-2771 ; 0172-8504
ISSN (online)	1439-7803
ISSN	0044-2771 ; 0172-8504
DOI	10.1055/s-0030-1263609
Database	Thieme publisher's database

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Article: On the reliability of scrape-off layer ion temperature measurements by retarding field analyzers.

Kocan, M / Gunn, J P / Komm, M / Pascal, J-Y / Gauthier, E / Bonhomme, G

The Review of scientific instruments

2008 Volume 79, Issue 7, Page(s) 73502

Abstract: The retarding field analyzer (RFA) is one of the only widely accepted diagnostics for measurements of ion temperature Ti in the tokamak scrape-off layer. In this paper we analyze some instrumental effects of the RFA and their influence on Ti measurements. ...

Abstract	The retarding field analyzer (RFA) is one of the only widely accepted diagnostics for measurements of ion temperature Ti in the tokamak scrape-off layer. In this paper we analyze some instrumental effects of the RFA and their influence on Ti measurements. It is shown that selective ion transmission through the RFA slit is responsible for an overestimation of Ti by less than 14%, even for a relatively thick slit plate. Therefore, thicker slit plates are preferable, since they reduce, e.g., the risk of melting during off-normal events, and the effect of positive space charge inside the cavity. The influence of the electron repelling grid, as well as misalignment of the slit with respect to the magnetic field on Ti measurements are negligible.
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209865-9
ISSN	1089-7623 ; 0034-6748
ISSN (online)	1089-7623
ISSN	0034-6748
DOI	10.1063/1.2955465
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Article: Die subtrochantäre End-zu-Seit-Valgisation zur Therapie der schweren kindlichen Coxa vara.

Heimkes, Bernhard / Komm, Moritz / Melcher, Carolin

Operative Orthopadie und Traumatologie

2009 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 97–111

Abstract: Objective: Healing of the frequently associated femoral neck pseudarthrosis. Restoration of a proper length-tension relationship of muscles and lever arms of the hip. Regulation of forces acting on the femoral neck. Realignment of the leg length. ... ...

Title translation	Subtrochanteric end-to-side valgus osteotomy for severe infantile coxa vara.
Abstract	Objective: Healing of the frequently associated femoral neck pseudarthrosis. Restoration of a proper length-tension relationship of muscles and lever arms of the hip. Regulation of forces acting on the femoral neck. Realignment of the leg length. Adjustment of the greater trochanter apophysis to allow regular growth. Indications: Severe infantile coxa vara (CCD [collodiaphyseal] angle<or=100 degrees) with or without femoral neck pseudarthrosis.<br />Contraindications: All coxae varae based on local or systemic bone diseases, especially coxa vara in osteogenesis imperfecta, rickets, osteomalacia and meningomyelocele. Secondary coxa vara combined with dysplastic acetabulum. Surgical technique: Preoperative planning. Standard lateral approach to the proximal femur. Insertion of a guide wire according to the preoperative planning followed by a cannulated chisel. After removal of both the chisel and the guide wire, insertion of the plate chosen in the preoperative planning. Subtrochanteric osteotomy (one femoral shaft width distal to the plate) in an anterior-posterior direction. Reposition of the bone fragments (end-to-side) and securing of the plate to the femoral shaft using standard cortical screws. Closure of the wound. Postoperative management: 6-week spica casting till the age of 7 years or further on depending on compliance. Results: 13 children with 20 affected hips (13 developmental coxae varae/spondyloepi-metaphyseal dysplasias, five postosteomyelitic coxae varae, two coxae varae following avascular necrosis) underwent the above procedure at an average age of 7.1 years. Responder rate at follow-up (mean age of 13.4 years) was 100%. All femoral neck pseudarthroses healed. One hip developed a recurrent coxa vara requiring reoperation.
MeSH term(s)	Age Factors ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Femur Head Necrosis/surgery ; Femur Neck ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Dislocation/surgery ; Hip Joint/abnormalities ; Hip Joint/diagnostic imaging ; Hip Joint/surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Osteotomy/methods ; Physical Therapy Modalities ; Postoperative Care ; Radiography ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome
Language	German
Publishing date	2009-03-27
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1007514-8
ISSN	1439-0981 ; 0934-6694
ISSN (online)	1439-0981
ISSN	0934-6694
DOI	10.1007/s00064-009-1609-7
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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