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  1. AU="Kore Schlottau"
  2. AU="Jamjoom, Mona"
  3. AU="Bergmann, P."
  4. AU="Li, Congju"
  5. AU="Christenson, Robert"
  6. AU="O'Neill, Hugh M"
  7. AU="Vaccaro, Daniel H."
  8. AU=Panchin Yuri V
  9. AU=McIlvennan Colleen K
  10. AU="Khan, Mohammad Afsar"
  11. AU="Zhuang, Hua-Lu"
  12. AU="Lopez, Omar M"
  13. AU=Asfaw Abay
  14. AU="Santana, Ricardo Costa de"
  15. AU="Ortega, Johis"
  16. AU="Sogaolu, Moyosore"
  17. AU="Duchesne, Gabriela"
  18. AU="Sander, Klaus"
  19. AU="Wiegersma, Aline Marileen"
  20. AU=Mehta Yatin
  21. AU="Ki Hwan Kim"
  22. AU="Gulati, Rajiv"
  23. AU="Sullivan, Christopher"
  24. AU="Meier-Stephenson, Vanessa C"
  25. AU=Kim Joo Seop
  26. AU="Mortensen, Jennifer L"
  27. AU="Manthey, Helga D"
  28. AU="Baker, Susan"
  29. AU="Gunasegaram, James R"
  30. AU="Jung, Steffen"
  31. AU="Cairns, Anita"
  32. AU="Fox, Lindsay"

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  1. Artikel ; Online: Next-generation diagnostics

    Claudia Wylezich / Sten Calvelage / Kore Schlottau / Ute Ziegler / Anne Pohlmann / Dirk Höper / Martin Beer

    Microbiome, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    virus capture facilitates a sensitive viral diagnosis for epizootic and zoonotic pathogens including SARS-CoV-2

    2021  Band 13

    Abstract: Abstract Background The detection of pathogens in clinical and environmental samples using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) is often hampered by large amounts of background information, which is especially true for viruses with small genomes. Enormous ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background The detection of pathogens in clinical and environmental samples using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) is often hampered by large amounts of background information, which is especially true for viruses with small genomes. Enormous sequencing depth can be necessary to compile sufficient information for identification of a certain pathogen. Generic HTS combining with in-solution capture enrichment can markedly increase the sensitivity for virus detection in complex diagnostic samples. Methods A virus panel based on the principle of biotinylated RNA baits was developed for specific capture enrichment of epizootic and zoonotic viruses (VirBaits). The VirBaits set was supplemented by a SARS-CoV-2 predesigned bait set for testing recent SARS-CoV-2-positive samples. Libraries generated from complex samples were sequenced via generic HTS (without enrichment) and afterwards enriched with the VirBaits set. For validation, an internal proficiency test for emerging epizootic and zoonotic viruses (African swine fever virus, Ebolavirus, Marburgvirus, Nipah henipavirus, Rift Valley fever virus) was conducted. Results The VirBaits set consists of 177,471 RNA baits (80-mer) based on about 18,800 complete viral genomes targeting 35 epizootic and zoonotic viruses. In all tested samples, viruses with both DNA and RNA genomes were clearly enriched ranging from about 10-fold to 10,000-fold for viruses including distantly related viruses with at least 72% overall identity to viruses represented in the bait set. Viruses showing a lower overall identity (38% and 46%) to them were not enriched but could nonetheless be detected based on capturing conserved genome regions. The internal proficiency test supports the improved virus detection using the combination of HTS plus targeted enrichment but also points to the risk of cross-contamination between samples. Conclusions The VirBaits approach showed a high diagnostic performance, also for distantly related viruses. The bait set is modular and expandable according to ...
    Schlagwörter Metagenomics virus detection ; Capture enrichment ; RNA baits ; VirBaits 1.0 ; Diagnostic tool ; Proficiency test ; Microbial ecology ; QR100-130
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 500
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag BMC
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  2. Artikel ; Online: Development of a Safe and Highly Efficient Inactivated Vaccine Candidate against Lumpy Skin Disease Virus

    Janika Wolff / Tom Moritz / Kore Schlottau / Donata Hoffmann / Martin Beer / Bernd Hoffmann

    Vaccines, Vol 9, Iss 4, p

    2021  Band 4

    Abstract: Capripox virus (CaPV)-induced diseases (lumpy skin disease, sheeppox, goatpox) are described as the most serious pox diseases of livestock animals, and therefore are listed as notifiable diseases under guidelines of the World Organisation for Animal ... ...

    Abstract Capripox virus (CaPV)-induced diseases (lumpy skin disease, sheeppox, goatpox) are described as the most serious pox diseases of livestock animals, and therefore are listed as notifiable diseases under guidelines of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). Until now, only live-attenuated vaccines are commercially available for the control of CaPV. Due to numerous potential problems after vaccination (e.g., loss of the disease-free status of the respective country, the possibility of vaccine virus shedding and transmission as well as the risk of recombination with field strains during natural outbreaks), the use of these vaccines must be considered carefully and is not recommended in CaPV-free countries. Therefore, innocuous and efficacious inactivated vaccines against CaPV would provide a great tool for control of these diseases. Unfortunately, most inactivated Capripox vaccines were reported as insufficient and protection seemed to be only short-lived. Nevertheless, a few studies dealing with inactivated vaccines against CaPV are published, giving evidence for good clinical protection against CaPV-infections. In our studies, a low molecular weight copolymer-adjuvanted vaccine formulation was able to induce sterile immunity in the respective animals after severe challenge infection. Our findings strongly support the possibility of useful inactivated vaccines against CaPV-infections, and indicate a marked impact of the chosen adjuvant for the level of protection.
    Schlagwörter capripox ; inactivated vaccine ; LSDV ; lumpy skin disease ; vaccine ; adjuvants ; Medicine ; R
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 630
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  3. Artikel ; Online: Human bornavirus research

    Dennis Rubbenstroth / Kore Schlottau / Martin Schwemmle / Jürgen Rissland / Martin Beer

    PLoS Pathogens, Vol 15, Iss 8, p e

    Back on track!

    2019  Band 1007873

    Schlagwörter Immunologic diseases. Allergy ; RC581-607 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2019-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  4. Artikel ; Online: Neglected Hosts of Small Ruminant Morbillivirus

    Claudia Schulz / Christine Fast / Kore Schlottau / Bernd Hoffmann / Martin Beer

    Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 24, Iss 12, Pp 2334-

    2018  Band 2337

    Abstract: Eradication of small ruminant morbillivirus (PPRV) is targeted for 2030. PPRV lineage IV is found in much of Asia and Africa. We used PPRV lineage IV strain Kurdistan/2011 in transmission trials to investigate the role of pigs, wild boar, and small ... ...

    Abstract Eradication of small ruminant morbillivirus (PPRV) is targeted for 2030. PPRV lineage IV is found in much of Asia and Africa. We used PPRV lineage IV strain Kurdistan/2011 in transmission trials to investigate the role of pigs, wild boar, and small ruminants as PPRV reservoirs. Suids were a possible source of infection.
    Schlagwörter Sus scrofa ; peste-des-petits-ruminants virus ; small ruminant morbillivirus ; morbillivirus ; transmission ; emerging disease ; Medicine ; R ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2018-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
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  5. Artikel ; Online: Novel Picornavirus in Lambs with Severe Encephalomyelitis

    Leonie F. Forth / Sandra F.E. Scholes / Patricia A. Pesavento / Kenneth Jackson / Adrienne Mackintosh / Amanda Carson / Fiona Howie / Kore Schlottau / Kerstin Wernike / Anne Pohlmann / Dirk Höper / Martin Beer

    Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 25, Iss 5, Pp 963-

    2019  Band 967

    Abstract: Using metagenomic analysis, we identified a novel picornavirus in young preweaned lambs with neurologic signs associated with severe nonsuppurative encephalitis and sensory ganglionitis in 2016 and 2017 in the United Kingdom. In situ hybridization ... ...

    Abstract Using metagenomic analysis, we identified a novel picornavirus in young preweaned lambs with neurologic signs associated with severe nonsuppurative encephalitis and sensory ganglionitis in 2016 and 2017 in the United Kingdom. In situ hybridization demonstrated intralesional neuronotropism of this virus, which was also detected in archived samples of similarly affected lambs (1998–2014).
    Schlagwörter encephalomyelitis ; encephalitis ; novel ; ovine picornavirus ; disease ; sheep ; Medicine ; R ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2019-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  6. Artikel: Protection against transplacental transmission of moderately virulent classical swine fever virus using live marker vaccine “CP7_E2alf”

    Henke, Julia / Charlotte Schröder / Jens P. Teifke / Jolene Carlson / Kore Schlottau / Laura Zani / Martin Beer / Sandra Blome / Simone Leidenberger / Theresa Schwaiger

    Vaccine. 2018 July 05, v. 36, no. 29

    2018  

    Abstract: Classical swine fever (CSF) remains as one of the most important infectious diseases of swine. While prophylactic vaccination is usually prohibited in free countries with industrialized pig production, emergency vaccination is still foreseen. In this ... ...

    Abstract Classical swine fever (CSF) remains as one of the most important infectious diseases of swine. While prophylactic vaccination is usually prohibited in free countries with industrialized pig production, emergency vaccination is still foreseen. In this context, marker vaccines are preferred as they can reduce the impact on trade.The live-attenuated Suvaxyn® CSF Marker vaccine by Zoetis (based on pestivirus chimera “CP7_E2alf”), was recently licensed by the European Medicines Agency. Its efficacy for the individual animal had been shown in prior studies, but questions remained regarding protection against transplacental transmission. To answer this question, a trial with eight pregnant sows and their offspring was performed as prescribed by the OIE Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals. Six of the sows were intramuscularly vaccinated on day 44 of gestation, while the other two remained as unvaccinated controls. All sows were challenged with the moderately virulent CSFV strain ”Roesrath” and euthanized shortly before the calculated farrowing date. Sows and piglets were grossly examined and necropsied. Organs (spleen, tonsil, lymph node, and kidney), EDTA-blood and serum were collected from all animals. All samples were tested for antibodies against CSFV glycoproteins E2 and Erns as well as CSFV (virus, antigen and genome). It could be demonstrated that the vaccine complies with all requirements, i.e. no virus was found in the blood of vaccinated sows and their fetuses, and no antibodies were found in the serum of the fetuses from the vaccinated sows. All controls were valid.Thus, it was demonstrated that a single dose vaccination in the sows efficiently protected the offspring against transplacental infection with a moderately virulent CSFV strain.
    Schlagwörter antibodies ; antigens ; blood serum ; Classical swine fever virus ; farrowing ; fetus ; genome ; glycoproteins ; hog cholera ; industrialization ; kidneys ; lymph nodes ; necropsy ; piglets ; pregnancy ; progeny ; sows ; spleen ; swine production ; tonsils ; transplacental transmission ; vaccination ; vaccines ; virulence ; viruses
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf 2018-0705
    Umfang p. 4181-4187.
    Erscheinungsort Elsevier Ltd
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    ZDB-ID 605674-x
    ISSN 1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
    ISSN (online) 1873-2518
    ISSN 0264-410X
    DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.06.014
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Artikel ; Online: Distribution of zoonotic variegated squirrel bornavirus 1 in naturally infected variegated and Prevost’s squirrels

    Jana Petzold / Judith M. A. van den Brand / Daniel Nobach / Bernd Hoffmann / Donata Hoffmann / Christine Fast / Chantal B. E. M. Reusken / Peter R. W. A. van Run / Kore Schlottau / Martin Beer / Christiane Herden

    Scientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2019  Band 10

    Abstract: Abstract Recently, the zoonotic capacity of the newly discovered variegated squirrel bornavirus 1 (VSBV-1) was confirmed in humans with a lethal encephalitis. Transmission to humans occurred by variegated and Prevost’s squirrels as presumed reservoir ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Recently, the zoonotic capacity of the newly discovered variegated squirrel bornavirus 1 (VSBV-1) was confirmed in humans with a lethal encephalitis. Transmission to humans occurred by variegated and Prevost’s squirrels as presumed reservoir hosts but possible ways of virus shedding and the route of infection still need to be elucidated. Thus, the tissue distribution of VSBV-1 antigen and RNA was investigated in detail via immunohistochemistry (IHC) in six variegated and eight Prevost’s squirrels and by in situ hybridisation (ISH) in one Prevost’s squirrel, respectively. VSBV-1 antigen and RNA positive cells were most numerous in the nervous system and were also found in nearly all tissues and different cell types indicating a broad organ and cell tropism of VSBV-1. Presence of VSBV-1 in several organs might indicate potential virus shedding via various routes and implies the risk of intra- and interspecies transmission, respectively.
    Schlagwörter Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2019-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag Nature Publishing Group
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  8. Artikel ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 in fruit bats, ferrets, pigs, and chickens

    Kore Schlottau, PhD / Melanie Rissmann, DVM / Annika Graaf, DVM / Jacob Schön, PhD / Julia Sehl, DVM / Claudia Wylezich, PhD / Dirk Höper, PhD / Thomas C Mettenleiter, ProfPhD / Anne Balkema-Buschmann, DVM / Timm Harder, ProfDVM / Christian Grund, DVM / Donata Hoffmann, DVM / Angele Breithaupt, DVM / Martin Beer, ProfDVM

    The Lancet Microbe, Vol 1, Iss 5, Pp e218-e

    an experimental transmission study

    2020  Band 225

    Abstract: Summary: Background: In December, 2019, a novel zoonotic severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus emerged in China. The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) became pandemic within weeks and the number of human ... ...

    Abstract Summary: Background: In December, 2019, a novel zoonotic severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus emerged in China. The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) became pandemic within weeks and the number of human infections and severe cases is increasing. We aimed to investigate the susceptibilty of potential animal hosts and the risk of anthropozoonotic spill-over infections. Methods: We intranasally inoculated nine fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus), ferrets (Mustela putorius), pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus), and 17 chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) with 105 TCID50 of a SARS-CoV-2 isolate per animal. Direct contact animals (n=3) were included 24 h after inoculation to test viral transmission. Animals were monitored for clinical signs and for virus shedding by nucleic acid extraction from nasal washes and rectal swabs (ferrets), oral swabs and pooled faeces samples (fruit bats), nasal and rectal swabs (pigs), or oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs (chickens) on days 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 21 after infection by quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR). On days 4, 8, and 12, two inoculated animals (or three in the case of chickens) of each species were euthanised, and all remaining animals, including the contacts, were euthanised at day 21. All animals were subjected to autopsy and various tissues were collected for virus detection by RT-qPCR, histopathology immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridisation. Presence of SARS-CoV-2 reactive antibodies was tested by indirect immunofluorescence assay and virus neutralisation test in samples collected before inoculation and at autopsy. Findings: Pigs and chickens were not susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. All swabs, organ samples, and contact animals were negative for viral RNA, and none of the pigs or chickens seroconverted. Seven (78%) of nine fruit bats had a transient infection, with virus detectable by RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridisation in the nasal cavity, associated with rhinitis. Viral RNA was also identified in the ...
    Schlagwörter Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Microbiology ; QR1-502
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 630
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag Elsevier
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  9. Artikel ; Online: Evaluation of Six Commercially Available Rapid Immunochromatographic Tests for the Diagnosis of Rabies in Brain Material.

    Elisa Eggerbauer / Paola de Benedictis / Bernd Hoffmann / Thomas C Mettenleiter / Kore Schlottau / Ernest C Ngoepe / Claude T Sabeta / Conrad M Freuling / Thomas Müller

    PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 10, Iss 6, p e

    2016  Band 0004776

    Abstract: Rabies is a neglected zoonotic disease that causes an estimated 60,000 human deaths annually. The main burden lies on developing countries in Asia and Africa, where surveillance and disease detection is hampered by absence of adequate laboratory ... ...

    Abstract Rabies is a neglected zoonotic disease that causes an estimated 60,000 human deaths annually. The main burden lies on developing countries in Asia and Africa, where surveillance and disease detection is hampered by absence of adequate laboratory facilities and/or the difficulties of submitting samples from remote areas to laboratories. Under these conditions, easy-to-use tests such as immunochromatographic assays, i.e. lateral flow devices (LFD), may increase surveillance and improve control efforts. Several LFDs for rabies diagnosis are available but, except for one, there are no data regarding their performance. Therefore, we compared six commercially available LFDs for diagnostic and analytical sensitivity, as well as their specificity and their diagnostic agreement with standard rabies diagnostic techniques using different sample sets, including experimentally infected animals and several sets of field samples. Using field samples the sensitivities ranged between 0% up to 100% depending on the LFD and the samples, while for experimentally infected animals the maximum sensitivity was 32%. Positive results in LFD could be further validated using RT-qPCR and sequencing. In summary, in our study none of the tests investigated proved to be satisfactory, although the results somewhat contradict previous studies, indicating batch to batch variation. The high number of false negative results reiterates the necessity to perform a proper test validation before being marketed and used in the field. In this respect, marketing authorization and batch release control could secure a sufficient quality for these alternative tests, which could then fulfil their potential.
    Schlagwörter Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ; RC955-962 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 630
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2016-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  10. Artikel ; Online: Occupation-Associated Fatal Limbic Encephalitis Caused by Variegated Squirrel Bornavirus 1, Germany, 2013

    Dennis Tappe / Kore Schlottau / Daniel Cadar / Bernd Hoffmann / Lorenz Balke / Burkhard Bewig / Donata Hoffmann / Philip Eisermann / Helmut Fickenscher / Andi Krumbholz / Helmut Laufs / Monika Huhndorf / Maria Rosenthal / Walter Schulz-Schaeffer / Gabriele Ismer / Sven-Kevin Hotop / Mark Brönstrup / Anthonina Ott / Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit /
    Martin Beer

    Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 24, Iss 6, Pp 978-

    2018  Band 987

    Abstract: Limbic encephalitis is commonly regarded as an autoimmune-mediated disease. However, after the recent detection of zoonotic variegated squirrel bornavirus 1 in a Prevost’s squirrel (Callosciurus prevostii) in a zoo in northern Germany, we retrospectively ...

    Abstract Limbic encephalitis is commonly regarded as an autoimmune-mediated disease. However, after the recent detection of zoonotic variegated squirrel bornavirus 1 in a Prevost’s squirrel (Callosciurus prevostii) in a zoo in northern Germany, we retrospectively investigated a fatal case in an autoantibody-seronegative animal caretaker who had worked at that zoo. The virus had been discovered in 2015 as the cause of a cluster of cases of fatal encephalitis among breeders of variegated squirrels (Sciurus variegatoides) in eastern Germany. Molecular assays and immunohistochemistry detected a limbic distribution of the virus in brain tissue of the animal caretaker. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated a spillover infection from the Prevost’s squirrel. Antibodies against bornaviruses were detected in the patient’s cerebrospinal fluid by immunofluorescence and newly developed ELISAs and immunoblot. The putative antigenic epitope was identified on the viral nucleoprotein. Other zoo workers were not infected; however, avoidance of direct contact with exotic squirrels and screening of squirrels are recommended.
    Schlagwörter Bornavirus ; VSBV-1 ; limbic encephalitis ; occupational risk ; transmission ; viruses ; Medicine ; R ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2018-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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