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  1. Book: Paediatric biomechanics and motor control

    De Ste Croix, Mark / Korff, Thomas

    theory and application

    (Routledge research in sport and exercise science)

    2013  

    Author's details ed. by Mark De Ste Croix and Thomas Korff
    Series title Routledge research in sport and exercise science
    Keywords Motor Skills / physiology ; Adolescent ; Biomechanics ; Child Development ; Child ; Infant
    Language English
    Size XVI, 320 S. : Ill.
    Edition Paperback ed.
    Publisher Routledge
    Publishing place London u.a.
    Publishing country Great Britain
    Document type Book
    Note Includes bibliographical references and index
    HBZ-ID HT017671469
    ISBN 978-0-415-58018-2 ; 0-415-58018-8 ; 978-0-415-85826-7 ; 0-415-85826-7 ; 9780203851210 ; 0203851218
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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    Shelf markLoan statusLocation
    2013 A 1325 available for loan (reading room) Lesesaal EG

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  2. Article ; Online: Tracing G-Protein-Mediated Contraction and Relaxation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Spheroids.

    Garg, Jaspal / Sporkova, Alexandra / Hecker, Markus / Korff, Thomas

    Cells

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 1

    Abstract: Analyses of G-protein-mediated contraction and relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are usually hampered by a rigid growth surface and culture conditions promoting cell proliferation and a less contractile phenotype. Our studies indicated ... ...

    Abstract Analyses of G-protein-mediated contraction and relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are usually hampered by a rigid growth surface and culture conditions promoting cell proliferation and a less contractile phenotype. Our studies indicated that mouse aortic VSMCs cultured in three-dimensional spheroids acquire a quiescent contractile status while decreasing the baseline G-protein-dependent inositolphosphate formation and increasing the expression of endothelin receptor type A (
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Cell Proliferation ; Phenotype ; GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances GTP-Binding Proteins (EC 3.6.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2661518-6
    ISSN 2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
    ISSN (online) 2073-4409
    ISSN 2073-4409
    DOI 10.3390/cells12010128
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  3. Article: Medikamentöse Varikosetherapie aus der Perspektive experimenteller Modelle.

    Arnold, Caroline / Korff, Thomas

    Praxis

    2019  Volume 108, Issue 1, Page(s) 31–36

    Abstract: Drug-Based Therapy of Varicose Veins from the Perspective of Experimental Models Abstract. Varicose remodeling of the venous wall primarily occurs in the lower extremities and is often associated with venous insufficiency. Although a large part of the ... ...

    Title translation Drug-Based Therapy of Varicose Veins from the Perspective of Experimental Models.
    Abstract Drug-Based Therapy of Varicose Veins from the Perspective of Experimental Models Abstract. Varicose remodeling of the venous wall primarily occurs in the lower extremities and is often associated with venous insufficiency. Although a large part of the western population shows various degrees of varicosis, little is known about the mechanisms driving their formation. In recent years, experimental animal models have spurred the identificatoin of target molecules and cellular mechanisms that control varicose remodeling processes. Thus, the chronic increase in venous wall tension appears to be a crucial determinant to stimulate signal cascades, culminating in increased proteolytic and proliferative activity of venous wall cells. The pharmacological inhibition of key molecules in these processes may provide a way to influence the course and severity of varicosis. This review article gives a brief insight into this topic.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Varicose Veins/drug therapy ; Veins/drug effects
    Language German
    Publishing date 2019-01-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 209026-0
    ISSN 1661-8165 ; 1661-8157 ; 0369-8394
    ISSN (online) 1661-8165
    ISSN 1661-8157 ; 0369-8394
    DOI 10.1024/1661-8157/a003147
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  4. Article ; Online: Associations Between Children's Physical Activity, Pain and Injuries.

    de Aguiar Greca, João Paulo / Korff, Thomas / Ryan, Jennifer

    Perceptual and motor skills

    2021  Volume 128, Issue 5, Page(s) 1959–1974

    Abstract: Our aim in this study was to investigate the relationships between physical activity (PA), pain, and injury among children. Secondarily, we examined whether these relationships differed between children with normal versus excessive weight or obesity. ... ...

    Abstract Our aim in this study was to investigate the relationships between physical activity (PA), pain, and injury among children. Secondarily, we examined whether these relationships differed between children with normal versus excessive weight or obesity. This was a cross-sectional study of 102 children (57 girls) aged 8-12 years old. We assessed the prevalence of moderate and vigorous PA using accelerometry over a seven-day period. We examined the associations between moderate PA, vigorous PA, pain presence, and injury presence using generalized estimating equations with a logit link and binomial distribution. We adjusted the obtained models for potential confounders and explored the moderating effect of weight status. We found no association between moderate PA and pain, but time spent in vigorous PA was associated with pain. Neither moderate or vigorous PA were associated with injury, and there was no moderating effect of weight status in these relationships. In summary, we found that objectively measured vigorous PA is associated with pain among 8-12 year old children. While these results should be replicated in longitudinal studies, they suggest that an association between vigorous PA and pain should be considered when developing PA interventions for children.
    MeSH term(s) Accelerometry ; Child ; Child Behavior ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pain/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 204507-2
    ISSN 1558-688X ; 0031-5125
    ISSN (online) 1558-688X
    ISSN 0031-5125
    DOI 10.1177/00315125211028455
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  5. Article ; Online: Optimal mass of the arm segments in throwing: A two-dimensional computer simulation study.

    Fasbender, Patrick / Korff, Thomas J / Baltzopoulos, Vassilios B / Linthorne, Nicholas P

    European journal of sport science

    2020  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 45–52

    Abstract: Producing a high release speed is important in throwing sports such as baseball and the javelin throw. Athletes in throwing sports might be able to achieve a greater throwing speed by improving the effectiveness of the kinetic chain. In this study a two- ... ...

    Abstract Producing a high release speed is important in throwing sports such as baseball and the javelin throw. Athletes in throwing sports might be able to achieve a greater throwing speed by improving the effectiveness of the kinetic chain. In this study a two-dimensional computer simulation model of overarm throwing was used to examine the effect of changes in forearm mass and upper arm mass on the release speed of a lightweight (58 g) projectile. The simulations showed that increasing the mass of the forearm decreases release speed, whereas increasing the mass of the upper arm initially increases release speed. For a given forearm mass there is an optimal upper arm mass that produces the greatest release speed. However, the optimal upper arm mass (5-6 kg) is substantially greater than that of an average adult (2.1 kg). These results suggest that athletes might be able to throw faster if they had a stronger tapering of segment mass along the length of their arm. A stronger taper could be readily achieved by attaching weights to the upper arm or by using hypertrophy training to increase the mass of the upper arm. High-speed overarm throwing is a complex three-dimensional movement and this study was a preliminary investigation into the effect of arm segment mass on throwing performance. Further simulation studies using three-dimensional throwing models are needed to generate more accurate insights, and the predictions of the simulation studies should be compared to data from experimental intervention studies of throwing sports.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Arm/anatomy & histology ; Arm/physiology ; Baseball/physiology ; Biomechanical Phenomena/physiology ; Computer Simulation ; Female ; Forearm/anatomy & histology ; Forearm/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Organ Size/physiology ; Sex Factors ; Track and Field/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1536-7290
    ISSN (online) 1536-7290
    DOI 10.1080/17461391.2020.1730446
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  6. Article ; Online: Spheroid-Based In Vitro Angiogenesis Model.

    Pfisterer, Larissa / Korff, Thomas

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2016  Volume 1430, Page(s) 167–177

    Abstract: In vitro models mimicking capillary sprouting are important tools to investigate the tumor angiogenesis, developmental blood vessel formation, and pathophysiological remodeling processes of the capillary system in the adult. With this focus, in 1998 ... ...

    Abstract In vitro models mimicking capillary sprouting are important tools to investigate the tumor angiogenesis, developmental blood vessel formation, and pathophysiological remodeling processes of the capillary system in the adult. With this focus, in 1998 Korff et al. introduced endothelial cell (EC) spheroids as a three-dimensional in vitro model resembling angiogenic responses and sprouting behavior [1]. As such, EC spheroids are capable of giving rise to capillary-like sprouts which are relatively close to the physiologically and genetically programmed arrangement of endothelial cells in vessels. Co-culture spheroids consisting of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells form a spheroidal core composed of smooth muscle cells and an outer monolayer of endothelial cells, similar to the physiological architecture of larger blood vessels. In practise, a defined number of endothelial cells are cultured in a round-bottom well plate or in "hanging drops" to allow the formation and arrangement of the spheroidal three-dimensional structure. Subsequently, they are harvested and embedded in a collagen gel to allow outgrowth of endothelial cell sprouts originating from each spheroid. To evaluate the pro- or antiangiogenic impact of a cytokine or compound, the number and length of sprouts is determined.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3628-1_11
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  7. Article ; Online: Biomechanical evaluation of walking and cycling in children.

    Greca, João Paulo de Aguiar / Ryan, Jennifer / Baltzopoulos, Vasilios / Korff, Thomas

    Journal of biomechanics

    2019  Volume 87, Page(s) 13–18

    Abstract: Physical activity in children is important as it leads to healthy growth due to physiological benefits. However, a physiological benefit can be partially negated by excessive or unphysiological loads within the joints. To gain an initial understanding ... ...

    Abstract Physical activity in children is important as it leads to healthy growth due to physiological benefits. However, a physiological benefit can be partially negated by excessive or unphysiological loads within the joints. To gain an initial understanding into this, the present study sought to compare joint loading between walking and cycling in children. With institutional ethical approval, 14 pre-pubertal children aged 8-12 walked on an instrumented treadmill and cycled on a stationary ergometer. Two methods were used to match physiological load. Cardiovascular loads between walking and cycling were matched using heart rate. Metabolic load was normalised by matching estimates of oxygen consumption. Joint reaction forces during cycling and walking as well as joint moments were derived using inverse dynamics. Peak compressive forces were greater on the knees and ankles during walking than during cycling. Peak shear peak forces at the knee and ankle were also significantly larger during walking than during cycling, independent of how physiological load was normalised. For both cycling conditions, ankle moments were significantly smaller during cycling than walking. No differences were found for knee moments. At equivalent physiological intensities, cycling results in less joint loading than walking. It can be speculated that for certain populations and under certain conditions cycling might be a more suitable mode of exercise than weight bearing activities to achieve a given metabolic load.
    MeSH term(s) Ankle Joint/physiology ; Bicycling/physiology ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Joint/physiology ; Male ; Oxygen Consumption ; Pressure ; Walking/physiology ; Weight-Bearing/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 218076-5
    ISSN 1873-2380 ; 0021-9290
    ISSN (online) 1873-2380
    ISSN 0021-9290
    DOI 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.01.051
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  8. Article ; Online: Developmental differences in dynamic muscle-tendon behaviour: implications for movement efficiency.

    Waugh, Charlie M / Korff, Thomas / Blazevich, Anthony J

    The Journal of experimental biology

    2017  Volume 220, Issue Pt 7, Page(s) 1287–1294

    Abstract: Children perform cyclic motor tasks less efficiently than adults; however, the mechanisms underlying such differences are not fully understood. One mechanism that may contribute to these age-related differences is a differential contribution of muscles ... ...

    Abstract Children perform cyclic motor tasks less efficiently than adults; however, the mechanisms underlying such differences are not fully understood. One mechanism that may contribute to these age-related differences is a differential contribution of muscles and tendons to a given muscle-tendon unit (MTU) excursion. The aims of this study were to (i) compare muscle and tendon excursion between children and adults performing vertical hopping, and (ii) determine whether children and adults choose a hopping frequency that maximizes movement efficiency, based on the utilization of energy-saving mechanisms. Twelve children (8.8±0.3 years) and 12 adults (26.0±2.1 years) performed 20 s of two-legged hopping at a self-selected frequency and at 1.33, 2.00, 2.67 and 3.33 Hz. Gastrocnemius medialis MTU excursion was estimated from kinematic data and muscle and tendon excursions were derived using a combination of 3D-motion capture and ultrasonography. Optimum hopping frequency was determined as the frequency that maximized surrogate measures of elastic energy storage potential of the tendon and minimized muscle excursion. Adults presented a significantly greater potential for elastic energy storage in combination with lower muscle excursion than children at their self-selected frequency, suggesting that children do not utilize these energy-saving mechanisms as effectively as adults. However, tendon elastic energy storage was maximized and muscle excursion minimized at the preferred frequency in both children and adults, indicating that children may select their preferred hopping frequency based on the same criteria as adults. These findings increase our understanding of the mechanisms contributing to the higher energy cost of movement performance in children, and have implications for the interpretation of age-related differences in complex task performance.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Child ; Elasticity ; Female ; Humans ; Locomotion ; Male ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiology ; Tendons/physiology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-04-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 218085-6
    ISSN 1477-9145 ; 0022-0949
    ISSN (online) 1477-9145
    ISSN 0022-0949
    DOI 10.1242/jeb.127951
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  9. Article ; Online: Predicting bicycle setup for children based on anthropometrics and comfort.

    Grainger, Karl / Dodson, Zoe / Korff, Thomas

    Applied ergonomics

    2017  Volume 59, Issue Pt A, Page(s) 449–459

    Abstract: Bicycling is a popular activity for children. In order for children to enjoy cycling and to minimize injury, it is important that they are positioned appropriately on the bicycle. The purpose of this study was therefore to identify a suitable bicycle ... ...

    Abstract Bicycling is a popular activity for children. In order for children to enjoy cycling and to minimize injury, it is important that they are positioned appropriately on the bicycle. The purpose of this study was therefore to identify a suitable bicycle setup for children aged between 7 and 16 years which accommodates developmental differences in anthropometrics, flexibility and perceptions of comfort. Using an adjustable bicycle fitting rig, we found the most comfortable position of 142 children aged 7 to 16. In addition, a number of anthropometric measures were recorded. Seat height and the horizontal distance between seat and handlebars were strongly predictable (R
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Anthropometry ; Bicycling/physiology ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Child ; Ergonomics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Posture
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2003513-5
    ISSN 1872-9126 ; 0003-6870
    ISSN (online) 1872-9126
    ISSN 0003-6870
    DOI 10.1016/j.apergo.2016.09.015
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  10. Article ; Online: Loss of Nfat5 promotes lipid accumulation in vascular smooth muscle cells.

    Kappert, Lena / Ruzicka, Philipp / Kutikhin, Anton / De La Torre, Carolina / Fischer, Andreas / Hecker, Markus / Arnold, Caroline / Korff, Thomas

    FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

    2021  Volume 35, Issue 9, Page(s) e21831

    Abstract: The nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5 (NFAT5) is a transcriptional regulator of macrophage activation and T-cell development, which controls stabilizing responses of cells to hypertonic and biomechanical stress. In this study, we detected NFAT5 in ... ...

    Abstract The nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5 (NFAT5) is a transcriptional regulator of macrophage activation and T-cell development, which controls stabilizing responses of cells to hypertonic and biomechanical stress. In this study, we detected NFAT5 in the media layer of arteries adjacent to human arteriosclerotic plaques and analyzed its role in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) known to contribute to arteriosclerosis through the uptake of lipids and transformation into foam cells. Exposure of both human and mouse VSMCs to cholesterol stimulated the nuclear translocation of NFAT5 and increased the expression of the ATP-binding cassette transporter Abca1, required to regulate cholesterol efflux from cells. Loss of Nfat5 promoted cholesterol accumulation in these cells and inhibited the expression of genes involved in the management of oxidative stress or lipid handling, such as Sod1, Plin2, Fabp3, and Ppard. The functional relevance of these observations was subsequently investigated in mice fed a high-fat diet upon induction of a smooth muscle cell-specific genetic ablation of Nfat5 (Nfat5
    MeSH term(s) ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1/metabolism ; Aged ; Animals ; Aorta/metabolism ; Atherosclerosis/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Cholesterol/metabolism ; Female ; Foam Cells/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation/physiology ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia/metabolism ; Lipid Metabolism/physiology ; Lipids/physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Middle Aged ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress/physiology ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Tunica Intima/metabolism
    Chemical Substances ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 ; Lipids ; NFAT5 protein, human ; Transcription Factors ; Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 639186-2
    ISSN 1530-6860 ; 0892-6638
    ISSN (online) 1530-6860
    ISSN 0892-6638
    DOI 10.1096/fj.202100682R
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