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  1. Article: Pigmentation Affects Elastic Fiber Patterning and Biomechanical Behavior of the Murine Aortic Valve.

    Nasim, Sana / Pandey, Popular / Kanashiro-Takeuchi, Rosemeire M / He, Jin / Hutcheson, Joshua D / Kos, Lidia

    Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine

    2021  Volume 8, Page(s) 754560

    Abstract: The aortic valve (AoV) maintains unidirectional blood distribution from the left ventricle of the heart to the aorta for systemic circulation. The AoV leaflets rely on a precise extracellular matrix microarchitecture of collagen, elastin, and ... ...

    Abstract The aortic valve (AoV) maintains unidirectional blood distribution from the left ventricle of the heart to the aorta for systemic circulation. The AoV leaflets rely on a precise extracellular matrix microarchitecture of collagen, elastin, and proteoglycans for appropriate biomechanical performance. We have previously demonstrated a relationship between the presence of pigment in the mouse AoV with elastic fiber patterning using multiphoton imaging. Here, we extended those findings using wholemount confocal microscopy revealing that elastic fibers were diminished in the AoV of hypopigmented mice (Kit
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2781496-8
    ISSN 2297-055X
    ISSN 2297-055X
    DOI 10.3389/fcvm.2021.754560
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: The immunosuppressive role of Edn3 overexpression in the melanoma microenvironment.

    Freitas, Juliano T / Lopez, Jesus / Llorian, Claudia / Boroni, Mariana / Kos, Lidia

    Pigment cell & melanoma research

    2021  Volume 34, Issue 6, Page(s) 1084–1093

    Abstract: Endothelins are cytokines expressed in the microenvironment of several tumors. To identify which stromal cells in the melanoma microenvironment respond to endothelin, we injected murine melanoma cell lines B16F10, YUMM1.7, and YUMMER1.7 in a transgenic ... ...

    Abstract Endothelins are cytokines expressed in the microenvironment of several tumors. To identify which stromal cells in the melanoma microenvironment respond to endothelin, we injected murine melanoma cell lines B16F10, YUMM1.7, and YUMMER1.7 in a transgenic mouse that overexpresses endothelin 3 (Edn3) under the control of the keratin 5 promoter in the skin (K5-Edn3). All cell lines developed larger tumors in K5-Edn3 mice than in control animals. In YUMM1.7 tumors, the Edn3 receptor, endothelin receptor B (Ednrb), was expressed in several stromal cell types including immune cells. This result was validated by the identification of Ednrb-positive stromal cells in human melanoma from previously published RNA-seq data. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and dendritic cell numbers were significantly higher in K5-Edn3 tumors when compared to control tumors. Edn3 increased Treg proliferation in vitro and the expression of FOXP3. YUMM1.7-GFP tumors in K5-Edn3 mice were sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitor (anti-CTLA-4) as well as to Ednrb blockage (BQ-788). Our results indicate that Ednrb signaling has an important role in the melanoma microenvironment where it mediates immunosuppression resulting in escape from tumor immunity.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Endothelin-3/immunology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/immunology ; Immune Tolerance ; Melanoma, Experimental/genetics ; Melanoma, Experimental/immunology ; Mice ; Neoplasm Proteins/genetics ; Neoplasm Proteins/immunology ; Tumor Microenvironment/genetics ; Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
    Chemical Substances Endothelin-3 ; Neoplasm Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2409570-9
    ISSN 1755-148X ; 1600-0749 ; 0893-5785 ; 1755-1471
    ISSN (online) 1755-148X ; 1600-0749
    ISSN 0893-5785 ; 1755-1471
    DOI 10.1111/pcmr.13002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Let's make it happen: for gender equality in science!

    Kos, Lidia / Patton, E Elizabeth / Soengas, Maria S

    Pigment cell & melanoma research

    2015  Volume 28, Issue 6, Page(s) 641–642

    MeSH term(s) Family ; Female ; Humans ; Income ; Leadership ; Male ; Science ; Sexism/economics ; Sexism/prevention & control ; Workforce
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-10-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2409570-9
    ISSN 1755-148X ; 1600-0749 ; 0893-5785 ; 1755-1471
    ISSN (online) 1755-148X ; 1600-0749
    ISSN 0893-5785 ; 1755-1471
    DOI 10.1111/pcmr.12421
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  4. Article ; Online: Disseminated Melanoma Cells Transdifferentiate into Endothelial Cells in Intravascular Niches at Metastatic Sites.

    Li, Xiaoshuang / Karras, Panagiotis / Torres, Raúl / Rambow, Florian / van den Oord, Joost / Marine, Jean-Christophe / Kos, Lidia

    Cell reports

    2020  Volume 31, Issue 11, Page(s) 107765

    Abstract: Tumor cell plasticity, including transdifferentiation, is thought to be a key driver of therapy failure, tumor dormancy, and metastatic dissemination. Although melanoma cells have been shown to adopt various phenotypic features in vitro, direct in vivo ... ...

    Abstract Tumor cell plasticity, including transdifferentiation, is thought to be a key driver of therapy failure, tumor dormancy, and metastatic dissemination. Although melanoma cells have been shown to adopt various phenotypic features in vitro, direct in vivo evidence of metastatic cell plasticity remains sparse. Here, we combine lineage tracing in a spontaneous metastatic mouse model of melanoma, advanced imaging, and single-cell RNA sequencing approaches to search for pathophysiologically relevant melanoma cellular states. We identify melanoma cells in intravascular niches of various metastatic organs. These cells are quiescent, are negative for characteristic melanoma markers, and acquire endothelial cell features. We replicate the endothelial transdifferentiation (EndT) finding in another mouse model and provide evidence of EndT in BRAF
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics ; Cell Differentiation/physiology ; Cell Transdifferentiation/physiology ; Endothelial Cells/cytology ; Melanoma/metabolism ; Melanoma/pathology ; Mice, Transgenic ; Neoplasm Metastasis/pathology ; Tumor Microenvironment/physiology
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers, Tumor
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2649101-1
    ISSN 2211-1247 ; 2211-1247
    ISSN (online) 2211-1247
    ISSN 2211-1247
    DOI 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107765
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  5. Article ; Online: Simultaneous mapping of nanoscale topography and surface potential of charged surfaces by scanning ion conductance microscopy.

    Chen, Feng / Panday, Namuna / Li, Xiaoshuang / Ma, Tao / Guo, Jing / Wang, Xuewen / Kos, Lidia / Hu, Ke / Gu, Ning / He, Jin

    Nanoscale

    2020  Volume 12, Issue 40, Page(s) 20737–20748

    Abstract: Scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) offers the ability to obtain nanoscale resolution images of the membranes of living cells. Here, we show that a dual-barrel nanopipette probe based potentiometric SICM (P-SICM) can simultaneously map the ... ...

    Abstract Scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) offers the ability to obtain nanoscale resolution images of the membranes of living cells. Here, we show that a dual-barrel nanopipette probe based potentiometric SICM (P-SICM) can simultaneously map the topography and surface potential of soft, rough and heterogeneously charged surfaces under physiological conditions. This technique was validated and tested by systematic studies on model samples, and the finite element method (FEM) based simulations confirmed its surface potential sensing capability. Using the P-SICM method, we compared both the topography and extracellular potential distributions of the membranes of normal (Mela-A) and cancerous (B16) skin cells. We further monitored the structural and electrical changes of the membranes of both types of cells after exposing them to the elevated potassium ion concentration in extracellular solution, known to depolarize and damage the cell. From surface potential imaging, we revealed the dynamic appearance of heterogeneity of the surface potential of the individual cell membrane. This P-SICM method provides new opportunities to study the structural and electrical properties of cell membrane at the nanoscale.
    MeSH term(s) Cell Membrane ; Ions ; Microscopy ; Radionuclide Imaging
    Chemical Substances Ions
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2515664-0
    ISSN 2040-3372 ; 2040-3364
    ISSN (online) 2040-3372
    ISSN 2040-3364
    DOI 10.1039/d0nr04555a
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  6. Article ; Online: Roles of endothelin signaling in melanocyte development and melanoma.

    Saldana-Caboverde, Amy / Kos, Lidia

    Pigment cell & melanoma research

    2010  Volume 23, Issue 2, Page(s) 160–170

    Abstract: Endothelin (Edn) signaling via the G-coupled, Edn receptor type B (Ednrb) is essential for the development of melanocytes from the neural crest (NC) and has been associated with melanoma progression. Edn3 plays varying roles during melanocyte development, ...

    Abstract Endothelin (Edn) signaling via the G-coupled, Edn receptor type B (Ednrb) is essential for the development of melanocytes from the neural crest (NC) and has been associated with melanoma progression. Edn3 plays varying roles during melanocyte development, promoting the proliferation and self-renewal of NC-derived multi- and bi-potential precursors as well as the survival, proliferation, differentiation and migration of committed melanocyte precursors. Melanocyte differentiation is achieved via the interaction of Ednrb and Kit signaling, with Ednrb being specifically required in the final differentiation step, rather than in the initial specification of melanocytic fate. Ednrb has also been implicated in the de-differentiation of mature melanocytes, a process that takes place during the malignant transformation of these cells. Ednrb was found to be upregulated in melanoma metastases and was shown to alter tumor-host interactions leading to melanoma progression. Antagonists to this receptor were shown to inhibit melanoma cell growth and increase the apoptotic rate of these cells, and to lead to disease stabilization in melanoma patients. Thus, Edn signaling inhibition may prove useful in the treatment of certain types of melanoma.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Endothelins/metabolism ; Humans ; Melanocytes/cytology ; Melanocytes/metabolism ; Melanocytes/pathology ; Melanoma/metabolism ; Melanoma/pathology ; Signal Transduction
    Chemical Substances Endothelins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-02-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2409570-9
    ISSN 1755-148X ; 1600-0749 ; 0893-5785 ; 1755-1471
    ISSN (online) 1755-148X ; 1600-0749
    ISSN 0893-5785 ; 1755-1471
    DOI 10.1111/j.1755-148X.2010.00678.x
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  7. Article ; Online: What shall we do this year?

    Kelsh, Robert / Kos, Lidia / Arnheiter, Heinz / Aplin, Andrew / Bosenberg, Marcus

    Pigment cell & melanoma research

    2015  Volume 28, Issue 1, Page(s) 1

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Melanocytes/metabolism ; Periodicals as Topic ; Pigmentation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2409570-9
    ISSN 1755-148X ; 1600-0749 ; 0893-5785 ; 1755-1471
    ISSN (online) 1755-148X ; 1600-0749
    ISSN 0893-5785 ; 1755-1471
    DOI 10.1111/pcmr.12342
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  8. Article: Elastogenesis Correlates With Pigment Production in Murine Aortic Valve Leaflets.

    Hutcheson, Joshua D / Schlotter, Florian / Creager, Michael D / Li, Xiaoshuang / Pham, Tan / Vyas, Payal / Higashi, Hideyuki / Body, Simon C / Aikawa, Masanori / Singh, Sasha A / Kos, Lidia / Aikawa, Elena

    Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine

    2021  Volume 8, Page(s) 678401

    Abstract: Objective: ...

    Abstract Objective:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2781496-8
    ISSN 2297-055X
    ISSN 2297-055X
    DOI 10.3389/fcvm.2021.678401
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  9. Article: Timeline and distribution of melanocyte precursors in the mouse heart.

    Brito, Flavia Carneiro / Kos, Lidia

    Pigment cell & melanoma research

    2008  Volume 21, Issue 4, Page(s) 464–470

    Abstract: Apart from the well-studied melanocytes of the skin, eye and inner ear, another population has recently been described in the heart. In this study, we tracked cardiac melanoblasts using in situ hybridization with a dopachrome tautomerase (Dct) probe and ... ...

    Abstract Apart from the well-studied melanocytes of the skin, eye and inner ear, another population has recently been described in the heart. In this study, we tracked cardiac melanoblasts using in situ hybridization with a dopachrome tautomerase (Dct) probe and Dct-LacZ transgenic mice. Large numbers of melanoblasts were found in the atrioventricular (AV) endocardial cushions at embryonic day (E) 14.5 and persisted in the AV valves into adulthood. The earliest time Dct-LacZ-positive cells were observed in the AV endocardial cushions was E12.5. Prior to that, between E10.5 and E11.5, small numbers of melanoblasts traveled between the post-otic area and third somite along the anterior and common cardinal veins and branchial arch arteries with other neural crest cells expressing CRABPI. Cardiac melanocytes were not found in the spotting mutants Ednrb s-l/s-l and Kit w-v/w-v, while large numbers were observed in transgenic mice that overexpress endothelin 3. These results indicate that cardiac melanocytes depend on the same signaling molecules known to be required for proper skin melanocyte development and may originate from the same precursor population. Cardiac melanocytes were not found in zebrafish or frog but were present in quail suggesting an association between cardiac melanocytes and four-chambered hearts.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Differentiation/physiology ; Cell Movement/physiology ; Colinus ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Embryo, Nonmammalian ; Embryonic Development/physiology ; Heart/embryology ; Heart/physiology ; Lac Operon ; Melanocytes/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Stem Cells/physiology ; Time Factors ; Xenopus laevis ; Zebrafish
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2409570-9
    ISSN 1755-148X ; 1600-0749 ; 1755-1471 ; 0893-5785
    ISSN (online) 1755-148X ; 1600-0749
    ISSN 1755-1471 ; 0893-5785
    DOI 10.1111/j.1755-148X.2008.00459.x
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  10. Article ; Online: Relationships between melanocytes, mechanical properties and extracellular matrix composition in mouse heart valves.

    Carneiro, Flavia / Kruithof, Boudewijn Pt / Balani, Kanthesh / Agarwal, Arvind / Gaussin, Vinciane / Kos, Lidia

    Journal of long-term effects of medical implants

    2015  Volume 25, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 17–26

    Abstract: Heart valves are complex structures composed of organized layers of extracellular matrix, and interstitial and overlying endothelial cells. In this article, we present the specific localization of a population of melanocytes within the murine heart ... ...

    Abstract Heart valves are complex structures composed of organized layers of extracellular matrix, and interstitial and overlying endothelial cells. In this article, we present the specific localization of a population of melanocytes within the murine heart valves at ages important for their post-natal development. In all stages analyzed in our study, melanocytes were found in high numbers populating the atrial aspect of the tricuspid and mitral leaflets. The pulmonary valve did not present melanocytes. To characterize a putative role for the valve melanocytes, the dynamic nanomechanical properties of tricuspid leaftets containing large numbers or no melanocytes were measured. The stiffness coefficient of hyperpigmented leaflets was higher (11.5 GPa) than the ones from wild-type (7.5 GPa) and hypopigmented (5.5 GPa) leaflets. These results suggest that melanocytes may contribute to the mechanical properties of the heart valves. The arrangement of extracellular matrix molecules such as Collagen I and Versican B is responsible for the mechanical characteristics of the leaflets. Melanocytes were found to reside primarily in areas of Versican B expression. The patterns of expression of Collagen I and Versican B were not, however, disrupted in hyper or hypopigmented leaflets. Melanocytes may affect other extracellular matrix molecules to alter the valves' microenvironment.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cells, Cultured ; Disease Models, Animal ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Heart Valve Diseases/pathology ; Heart Valve Diseases/physiopathology ; Heart Valves/metabolism ; Heart Valves/pathology ; Heart Valves/physiopathology ; Melanocytes/metabolism ; Melanocytes/pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-05-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1073166-0
    ISSN 1940-4379 ; 1050-6934
    ISSN (online) 1940-4379
    ISSN 1050-6934
    DOI 10.1615/jlongtermeffmedimplants.2015011748
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