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Article ; Online: Comment to the article: Discriminating between consensual intercourse and sexual assault: Genital-anal injury pattern in females.

Astrup, Birgitte Schmidt / Kreiner, Svend / Lauritsen, Jens

2021 Volume 81, Page(s) 102201

MeSH term(s)	Anal Canal ; Coitus ; Female ; Genitalia ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	2268721-X
ISSN	1878-7487 ; 1752-928X
ISSN (online)	1878-7487
ISSN	1752-928X
DOI	10.1016/j.jflm.2021.102201
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Article ; Online: Measuring child and adolescent well-being in Denmark: Validation and norming of the Danish KIDSCREEN-10 child/adolescent version in a national representative sample of school pupils in grades five through eight.

Nielsen, Tine / Pontoppidan, Maiken / Pettersson, Morten / Donstrup, Christina H / Kreiner, Svend / Rayce, Signe Boe

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 9, Page(s) e0291420

Abstract: KIDSCREEN-10 is a generic instrument for measuring global health-related quality of life among 8-18-year-old children and adolescents. This study examines the criterion-related construct validity and psychometric properties of the Danish language version ...

Abstract	KIDSCREEN-10 is a generic instrument for measuring global health-related quality of life among 8-18-year-old children and adolescents. This study examines the criterion-related construct validity and psychometric properties of the Danish language version of the KIDSCREEN-10 using Rasch models. A further aim was to construct Danish norms based on the resulting person parameter estimates from the Rasch models. Data consists of a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of 8171 children in the 5th to 8th grade of primary school in Denmark. No adequate fit to the Rasch model or a graphical loglinear Rasch model could be established for the KIDSCREEN-10 in the full sample of children (n = 8171). Results based on analyses with increasing samples sizes showed that even with the smallest sample item 3 (Kid3) of the KIDSCREEN-10 did not fit the Rasch model. After elimination of Kid3, substantial local dependence and differential item functioning relative to gender and grade level was still present. Already with a sample size of 630 fit to the Rasch model or a graphical loglinear Rasch model adjusting for local dependence and differential item functioning was not established. Therefore, generation of Danish norms was not realizable, as this requires valid sum scores and estimates of the person parameters for an adequate number of cases. Thus, the Danish language version of the child/adolescent self-report KIDSCREEN-10 questionnaire cannot be recommended for use in population-level studies. Neither can use in small sample be recommended as adjustment for differential item functioning and local dependence is ambiguous.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adolescent ; Child ; Adolescent Health ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Quality of Life ; Language ; Denmark ; Schools
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0291420
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Article: Conditional pairwise person parameter estimates in Rasch models.

Kreiner, Svend

Journal of applied measurement

2012 Volume 13, Issue 4, Page(s) 314–320

Abstract: Conditional pairwise estimates parameters in Rasch models separate inference on item parameters from inference on person parameters. Pairwise item parameter estimates are consistent when sample size approaches infinity, but adds an extra random error to ... ...

Abstract	Conditional pairwise estimates parameters in Rasch models separate inference on item parameters from inference on person parameters. Pairwise item parameter estimates are consistent when sample size approaches infinity, but adds an extra random error to estimation compared to conditional maximum likelihood estimates. Pairwise estimates of person parameters are easily calculated, but can rarely be assumed to be consistent since the number of items is often small and the properties of the estimates generally unknown. This note gives results from a study of conditional pairwise estimation of person parameters and suggests a modification of the estimate that takes care of some of the error.
MeSH term(s)	Algorithms ; Computer Simulation ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Effect Modifier, Epidemiologic ; Matched-Pair Analysis ; Models, Statistical ; Psychometrics/methods ; Statistics as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2012
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1529-7713
ISSN	1529-7713
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Article ; Online: The Early Functional Abilities-revised may bridge the gap between the disorder of consciousness and the functional independence scales: evidence from Rasch analysis.

Caselli, Serena / Kreiner, Svend / Ianes, Aladar B / Piperno, Roberto / LA Porta, Fabio

European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine

2022 Volume 58, Issue 6, Page(s) 805–817

Abstract: Background: There is a tremendous clinical and research need to bridge the gap between disorder of consciousness and functional independence scales with a single unidimensional measure in people with acquired brain injury.: Aim: To calibrate an ... ...

Abstract	Background: There is a tremendous clinical and research need to bridge the gap between disorder of consciousness and functional independence scales with a single unidimensional measure in people with acquired brain injury. Aim: To calibrate an essentially unidimensional subset of items from the Italian Early Functional Abilities (EFA), demonstrating internal construct validity and sufficient reliability for individual patient measurement. Design: Multicenter observational cross-sectional study. Setting: Inpatients from 11 different Italian Rehabilitation centers. Population: Three hundred sixty-two adult patients with a disorder of consciousness due to an acquired brain injury. Methods: The Italian version of EFA was administered to the sample and then submitted to Mokken analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Rasch analysis, Confirmatory Bifactor Analysis, and external construct validity. Results: According to Mokken Analysis (all item scalability coefficients Hj positive; all item-pair scalability coefficients Hij >0.3; scale coefficient H=0.762), and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (RMSEA=0.081; SRMR=0.048; CFI=0.995; TLI=0.995), the Italian EFA showed a sufficient preliminary unidimensionality. Within Rasch Analysis, a final 12-item solution for the EFA (EFA-R) was calibrated. EFA-R is "essentially unidimensional" according to the following requirements: 1) analysis of residual correlations which supported item essential local independence; 2) a robust correlation between item subtests (rho=0.950); 3) only 2.1% of cases with significant difference between person parameter estimates by different subscales; 4) an explained common variance equal to 0.916 obtained from a final Confirmatory Bifactor Analysis. It also satisfied invariance requirement (unconditional χ2<inf>20</inf>=9.81; P=0.457, conditional class-interval based χ2<inf>35</inf>=33.1; P=0.557), and monotonicity. The reliability (Person Separation Index=0.887) was adequate for person measurements. A practical raw-score-to-measure conversion table based on the EFA-R calibration was devised. Finally, EFA-R strongly correlated with Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (rho=0.922) and motor FIM Conclusions: EFA-R is an essentially unidimensional subset of 12 items with adequate internal construct validity and sufficient reliability for individual patient measurement under the Rasch Model Theory framework. Clinical rehabilitation impact: EFA-R has the potential to measure people's functional abilities whose consciousness is improving despite ongoing severe motor-functional impairments during the early stages of rehabilitation. It provides "a measurement bridge" between the disorder of consciousness and the functional independence scales in patients with severe acquired brain injury.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Functional Status ; Consciousness ; Reproducibility of Results ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Consciousness Disorders ; Brain Injuries/diagnosis ; Psychometrics ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-28
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Multicenter Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2426908-6
ISSN	1973-9095 ; 1973-9087
ISSN (online)	1973-9095
ISSN	1973-9087
DOI	10.23736/S1973-9087.22.07522-0
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Article: In Ischemic Heart Disease, Reduced Sensitivity to Pressure at the Sternum Accompanies Lower Mortality after Five Years: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Ballegaard, Søren / Faber, Jens / Selmer, Christian / Gyntelberg, Finn / Kreiner, Svend / Karpatschof, Benny / Klausen, Tobias Wirenfeldt / Hjalmarson, Åke / Gjedde, Albert

Journal of clinical medicine

2023 Volume 12, Issue 24

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm12247585
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Article ; Online: Assessment of cognitive ability at conscription for the Danish army: Is a single total score sufficient?

Nielsen, Tine / Kreiner, Svend / Teasdale, Thomas W

Scandinavian journal of psychology

2019 Volume 61, Issue 2, Page(s) 161–167

Abstract: Børge Priens Prøve (BPP) was developed for the Danish Army by psychologist Børge Prien in the 1950s, as a test of general cognitive ability for use at conscription for the Danish armed forces. The final BPP (1957) had four subtests; a Raven-like matrix ... ...

Abstract	Børge Priens Prøve (BPP) was developed for the Danish Army by psychologist Børge Prien in the 1950s, as a test of general cognitive ability for use at conscription for the Danish armed forces. The final BPP (1957) had four subtests; a Raven-like matrix subtest, and three subtests measuring verbal, numerical, and visuospatial ability. The BPP is a speeded test counting the number of correct responses within 45 minutes. Thus, we consider the BPP as a measure of "cognitive efficiency" rather than a pure measure of cognitive ability. The BPP is still in use.Using techniques available in 1960, Rasch concluded that the matrices and numerical tests appeared to satisfy the requirements of the Rasch (Probabilistic models for some intelligence and attainment tests, Danish Institute for Educational Research, Copenhagen; 1960) model, while the verbal and visuospatial tests did not. Since then, there have been, to our knowledge, no published studies of the psychometric scaling properties of the BPP, partly because the practice of the Danish draft board has been to record only the total score. We examine these properties by analysis of data from two cohorts (n = 9,491), using the Leunbach (A probabilistic measurement model for assessing whether two tests measure the same personal factor. The Danish Institute of Educational, Copenhagen, Denmark; 1976) model to assess whether the sum of the four subtests provides a statistically sufficient measure of a common latent trait. Since we found only weak evidence against fit to the Leunbach model, we claim that this warrants the use of a summarized total BPP score. We examined whether BPP subscales suffered from differential test functioning (DTF) relative to samples. Weak, and for practical purposes too weak, DTF was suggested for one subscale.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Cognition/physiology ; Denmark ; Humans ; Intelligence/physiology ; Intelligence Tests ; Male ; Military Personnel/psychology ; Psychometrics
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	219197-0
ISSN	1467-9450 ; 0036-5564
ISSN (online)	1467-9450
ISSN	0036-5564
DOI	10.1111/sjop.12586
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Article ; Online: Validation of the Early Functional Abilities scale: An assessment of four dimensions in early recovery after traumatic brain injury.

Poulsen, Ingrid / Kreiner, Svend / Engberg, Aase W

Journal of rehabilitation medicine

2018 Volume 50, Issue 2, Page(s) 165–172

Abstract: Objective: The Early Functional Abilities scale assesses the restoration of brain function after brain injury, based on 4 dimensions. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the validity, objectivity, reliability and measurement precision of ...

Abstract	Objective: The Early Functional Abilities scale assesses the restoration of brain function after brain injury, based on 4 dimensions. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the validity, objectivity, reliability and measurement precision of the Early Functional Abilities scale by Rasch model item analysis. A secondary objective was to examine the relationship between the Early Functional Abilities scale and the Functional Independence Measurement™, in order to establish the criterion validity of the Early Functional Abilities scale and to compare the sensitivity of measurements using the 2 instruments. Methods: The Rasch analysis was based on the assessment of 408 adult patients at admission to sub-acute rehabilitation in Copenhagen, Denmark after traumatic brain injury. Results: The Early Functional Abilities scale provides valid and objective measurement of vegetative (autonomic), facio-oral, sensorimotor and communicative/cognitive functions. Removal of one item from the sensorimotor scale confirmed unidimensionality for each of the 4 subscales, but not for the entire scale. The Early Functional Abilities subscales are sensitive to differences between patients in ranges in which the Functional Independence Measurement™ has a floor effect. Conclusion: The Early Functional Abilities scale assesses the early recovery of important aspects of brain function after traumatic brain injury, but is not unidimensional. We recommend removal of the "standing" item and calculation of summary subscales for the separate dimensions.
MeSH term(s)	Activities of Daily Living/psychology ; Adult ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/therapy ; Disability Evaluation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Reproducibility of Results
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-02-13
Publishing country	Sweden
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2039427-5
ISSN	1651-2081 ; 1651-2235 ; 0891-060X ; 1650-1977
ISSN (online)	1651-2081 ; 1651-2235
ISSN	0891-060X ; 1650-1977
DOI	10.2340/16501977-2300
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Article: Differential item functioning analysis by applying multiple comparison procedures.

Eusebi, Paolo / Kreiner, Svend

Journal of applied measurement

2015 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 13–23

Abstract: Analysis within a Rasch measurement framework aims at development of valid and objective test score. One requirement of both validity and objectivity is that items do not show evidence of differential item functioning (DIF). A number of procedures exist ... ...

Abstract	Analysis within a Rasch measurement framework aims at development of valid and objective test score. One requirement of both validity and objectivity is that items do not show evidence of differential item functioning (DIF). A number of procedures exist for the assessment of DIF including those based on analysis of contingency tables by Mantel-Haenszel tests and partial gamma coefficients. The aim of this paper is to illustrate Multiple Comparison Procedures (MCP) for analysis of DIF relative to a variable defining a very large number of groups, with an unclear ordering with respect to the DIF effect. We propose a single step procedure controlling the false discovery rate for DIF detection. The procedure applies for both dichotomous and polytomous items. In addition to providing evidence against a hypothesis of no DIF, the procedure also provides information on subset of groups that are homogeneous with respect to the DIF effect. A stepwise MCP procedure for this purpose is also introduced.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mathematical Concepts ; Models, Theoretical ; Psychological Tests
Language	English
Publishing date	2015
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1529-7713
ISSN	1529-7713
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Article ; Online: Cross-diagnostic scale-banking using rasch analysis: Developing a common reference metric for generic and health condition-specific scales in people with rheumatoid arthritis and stroke.

Prodinger, Birgit / Küçükdeveci, Ayşe A / Kutlay, Sehim / Elhan, Atilla H / Kreiner, Svend / Tennant, Alan

Journal of rehabilitation medicine

2020 Volume 52, Issue 10, Page(s) jrm00107

Abstract: Objectives: To develop a common reference metric of functioning, incorporating generic and health condition-specific disability instruments, and to test whether this reference metric is invariant across 2 health conditions.: Design: Psychometric ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To develop a common reference metric of functioning, incorporating generic and health condition-specific disability instruments, and to test whether this reference metric is invariant across 2 health conditions. Design: Psychometric study using secondary data analysis. Firstly, the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Linking Rules were used to examine the concept equivalence between the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0), Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and Functional Independence Measure (FIMTM). Secondly, a scale-bank was developed using a reference metric approach to test-equating, based on the Rasch measurement model. Participants: Secondary analysis was performed on data from 487 people; 61.4% with rheumatoid arthritis and 38.6% with stroke. Results: Three sub-domains of the WHODAS 2.0 and all items of the HAQ and FIMTM motor mapped on to the ICF chapters d4 Mobility, d5 Self-care and d6 Domestic life. Test-equating of these scales resulted in good model fit, indicating that a scale bank and associated reference metric across these 3 instruments could be created. Conclusion: This study provides a transformation table to enable direct comparisons among instruments measuring physical functioning commonly used in rheumatoid arthritis (HAQ) and stroke (FIMTM motor scale), as well as in people with disability in general (WHODAS 2.0).
MeSH term(s)	Arthritis, Rheumatoid/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Psychometrics/methods ; Stroke/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-01
Publishing country	Sweden
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2039427-5
ISSN	1651-2081 ; 1651-2235 ; 0891-060X ; 1650-1977
ISSN (online)	1651-2081 ; 1651-2235
ISSN	0891-060X ; 1650-1977
DOI	10.2340/16501977-2736
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Article ; Online: Analyses of model fit and robustness. A new look at the PISA scaling model underlying ranking of countries according to reading literacy.

Kreiner, Svend / Christensen, Karl Bang

Psychometrika

2014 Volume 79, Issue 2, Page(s) 210–231

Abstract: This paper addresses methodological issues that concern the scaling model used in the international comparison of student attainment in the Programme for International Student Attainment (PISA), specifically with reference to whether PISA's ranking of ... ...

Abstract	This paper addresses methodological issues that concern the scaling model used in the international comparison of student attainment in the Programme for International Student Attainment (PISA), specifically with reference to whether PISA's ranking of countries is confounded by model misfit and differential item functioning (DIF). To determine this, we reanalyzed the publicly accessible data on reading skills from the 2006 PISA survey. We also examined whether the ranking of countries is robust in relation to the errors of the scaling model. This was done by studying invariance across subscales, and by comparing ranks based on the scaling model and ranks based on models where some of the flaws of PISA's scaling model are taken into account. Our analyses provide strong evidence of misfit of the PISA scaling model and very strong evidence of DIF. These findings do not support the claims that the country rankings reported by PISA are robust.
MeSH term(s)	Educational Measurement/methods ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Psychometrics/methods ; Reading
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209479-4
ISSN	1860-0980 ; 0033-3123
ISSN (online)	1860-0980
ISSN	0033-3123
DOI	10.1007/s11336-013-9347-z
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