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  1. Article ; Online: Conspiracy beliefs prospectively predict health behavior and well-being during a pandemic.

    van Prooijen, Jan-Willem / Etienne, Tom W / Kutiyski, Yordan / Krouwel, André P M

    Psychological medicine

    2021  Volume 53, Issue 6, Page(s) 2514–2521

    Abstract: Background: Conspiracy beliefs are associated with detrimental health attitudes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic. Most prior research on these issues was cross-sectional, however, and restricted to attitudes or behavioral ... ...

    Abstract Background: Conspiracy beliefs are associated with detrimental health attitudes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic. Most prior research on these issues was cross-sectional, however, and restricted to attitudes or behavioral intentions. The current research was designed to examine to what extent conspiracy beliefs predict health behavior and well-being over a longer period of time.
    Methods: In this preregistered multi-wave study on a large Dutch research panel (weighted to provide nationally representative population estimates), we examined if conspiracy beliefs early in the pandemic (April 2020) would predict a range of concrete health and well-being outcomes eight months later (December 2020;
    Results: The results revealed that Covid-19 conspiracy beliefs prospectively predicted a decreased likelihood of getting tested for corona; if tested, an increased likelihood of the test coming out positive; and, an increased likelihood of having violated corona regulations, deteriorated economic outcomes (job loss; reduced income), experiences of social rejection, and decreased overall well-being. Most of these effects generalized to a broader susceptibility to conspiracy theories (i.e. conspiracy mentality).
    Conclusions: These findings suggest that conspiracy beliefs are associated with a myriad of negative life outcomes in the long run. Conspiracy beliefs predict how well people have coped with the pandemic over a period of eight months, as reflected in their health behavior, and their economic and social well-being.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 ; Pandemics ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Health Behavior ; Attitude to Health
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 217420-0
    ISSN 1469-8978 ; 0033-2917
    ISSN (online) 1469-8978
    ISSN 0033-2917
    DOI 10.1017/S0033291721004438
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Ideological Responses to the EU Refugee Crisis: The Left, the Right, and the Extremes.

    van Prooijen, Jan-Willem / Krouwel, André P M / Emmer, Julia

    Social psychological and personality science

    2017  Volume 9, Issue 2, Page(s) 143–150

    Abstract: The 2016 European Union (EU) refugee crisis exposed a fundamental distinction in political attitudes between the political left and right. Previous findings suggest, however, that besides political orientation, ideological strength (i.e., political ... ...

    Abstract The 2016 European Union (EU) refugee crisis exposed a fundamental distinction in political attitudes between the political left and right. Previous findings suggest, however, that besides political orientation, ideological strength (i.e., political extremism) is also relevant to understand such distinctive attitudes. Our study reveals that the political right is more anxious, and the political left experiences more self-efficacy, about the refugee crisis. At the same time, the political extremes-at both sides of the spectrum-are more likely than moderates to believe that the solution to this societal problem is simple. Furthermore, both extremes experience more judgmental certainty about their domain-specific knowledge of the refugee crisis, independent of their actual knowledge. Finally, belief in simple solutions mediated the relationship between ideology and judgmental certainty, but only among political extremists. We conclude that both ideological orientation and strength matter to understand citizens' reactions to the refugee crisis.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-10-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2532395-7
    ISSN 1948-5514 ; 1948-5506
    ISSN (online) 1948-5514
    ISSN 1948-5506
    DOI 10.1177/1948550617731501
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: A longitudinal analysis of conspiracy beliefs and Covid-19 health responses.

    van Prooijen, Jan-Willem / Amodio, David M / Boot, Arnout / Eerland, Anita / Etienne, Tom / Krouwel, André P M / Onderco, Michal / Verkoeijen, Peter / Zwaan, Rolf A

    Psychological medicine

    2022  Volume 53, Issue 12, Page(s) 5709–5716

    Abstract: Background: Little is known about how conspiracy beliefs and health responses are interrelated over time during the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic. This longitudinal study tested two contrasting, but not mutually exclusive, ... ...

    Abstract Background: Little is known about how conspiracy beliefs and health responses are interrelated over time during the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic. This longitudinal study tested two contrasting, but not mutually exclusive, hypotheses through cross-lagged modeling. First, based on the consequential nature of conspiracy beliefs, we hypothesize that conspiracy beliefs predict an increase in detrimental health responses over time. Second, as people may rationalize their behavior through conspiracy beliefs, we hypothesize that detrimental health responses predict increased conspiracy beliefs over time.
    Methods: We measured conspiracy beliefs and several health-related responses (i.e. physical distancing, support for lockdown policy, and the perception of the coronavirus as dangerous) at three phases of the pandemic in the Netherlands (
    Results: For physical distancing and perceived danger, the overall cross-lagged effects supported both hypotheses, although the standardized effects were larger for the effects of conspiracy beliefs on these health responses than vice versa. The within-person change results only supported an effect of conspiracy beliefs on these health responses, depending on the phase of the pandemic. Furthermore, an overall cross-lagged effect of conspiracy beliefs on reduced support for lockdown policy emerged from Wave 2 to 3.
    Conclusions: The results provide stronger support for the hypothesis that conspiracy beliefs predict health responses over time than for the hypothesis that health responses predict conspiracy beliefs over time.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Communicable Disease Control ; Longitudinal Studies ; Netherlands/epidemiology ; Physical Distancing
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 217420-0
    ISSN 1469-8978 ; 0033-2917
    ISSN (online) 1469-8978
    ISSN 0033-2917
    DOI 10.1017/S0033291722002938
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    Full text online

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 1003: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  4. Article ; Online: Fear among the extremes: how political ideology predicts negative emotions and outgroup derogation.

    van Prooijen, Jan-Willem / Krouwel, André P M / Boiten, Max / Eendebak, Lennart

    Personality & social psychology bulletin

    2015  Volume 41, Issue 4, Page(s) 485–497

    Abstract: The "rigidity of the right" hypothesis predicts that particularly the political right experiences fear and derogates outgroups. We propose that above and beyond that, the political extremes (at both sides of the spectrum) are more likely to display these ...

    Abstract The "rigidity of the right" hypothesis predicts that particularly the political right experiences fear and derogates outgroups. We propose that above and beyond that, the political extremes (at both sides of the spectrum) are more likely to display these responses than political moderates. Results of a large-scale sample reveal the predicted quadratic term on socio-economic fear. Moreover, although the political right is more likely to derogate the specific category of immigrants, we find a quadratic effect on derogation of a broad range of societal categories. Both extremes also experience stronger negative emotions about politics than politically moderate respondents. Finally, the quadratic effects on derogation of societal groups and negative political emotions were mediated by socio-economic fear, particularly among left- and right-wing extremists. It is concluded that negative emotions and outgroup derogation flourish among the extremes.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Attitude ; Emotions ; Fear ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Politics ; Social Identification ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2047603-6
    ISSN 1552-7433 ; 0146-1672
    ISSN (online) 1552-7433
    ISSN 0146-1672
    DOI 10.1177/0146167215569706
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Addressing climate change with behavioral science: A global intervention tournament in 63 countries.

    Vlasceanu, Madalina / Doell, Kimberly C / Bak-Coleman, Joseph B / Todorova, Boryana / Berkebile-Weinberg, Michael M / Grayson, Samantha J / Patel, Yash / Goldwert, Danielle / Pei, Yifei / Chakroff, Alek / Pronizius, Ekaterina / van den Broek, Karlijn L / Vlasceanu, Denisa / Constantino, Sara / Morais, Michael J / Schumann, Philipp / Rathje, Steve / Fang, Ke / Aglioti, Salvatore Maria /
    Alfano, Mark / Alvarado-Yepez, Andy J / Andersen, Angélica / Anseel, Frederik / Apps, Matthew A J / Asadli, Chillar / Awuor, Fonda Jane / Azevedo, Flavio / Basaglia, Piero / Bélanger, Jocelyn J / Berger, Sebastian / Bertin, Paul / Białek, Michał / Bialobrzeska, Olga / Blaya-Burgo, Michelle / Bleize, Daniëlle N M / Bø, Simen / Boecker, Lea / Boggio, Paulo S / Borau, Sylvie / Bos, Björn / Bouguettaya, Ayoub / Brauer, Markus / Brick, Cameron / Brik, Tymofii / Briker, Roman / Brosch, Tobias / Buchel, Ondrej / Buonauro, Daniel / Butalia, Radhika / Carvacho, Héctor / Chamberlain, Sarah A E / Chan, Hang-Yee / Chow, Dawn / Chung, Dongil / Cian, Luca / Cohen-Eick, Noa / Contreras-Huerta, Luis Sebastian / Contu, Davide / Cristea, Vladimir / Cutler, Jo / D'Ottone, Silvana / De Keersmaecker, Jonas / Delcourt, Sarah / Delouvée, Sylvain / Diel, Kathi / Douglas, Benjamin D / Drupp, Moritz A / Dubey, Shreya / Ekmanis, Jānis / Elbaek, Christian T / Elsherif, Mahmoud / Engelhard, Iris M / Escher, Yannik A / Etienne, Tom W / Farage, Laura / Farias, Ana Rita / Feuerriegel, Stefan / Findor, Andrej / Freira, Lucia / Friese, Malte / Gains, Neil Philip / Gallyamova, Albina / Geiger, Sandra J / Genschow, Oliver / Gjoneska, Biljana / Gkinopoulos, Theofilos / Goldberg, Beth / Goldenberg, Amit / Gradidge, Sarah / Grassini, Simone / Gray, Kurt / Grelle, Sonja / Griffin, Siobhán M / Grigoryan, Lusine / Grigoryan, Ani / Grigoryev, Dmitry / Gruber, June / Guilaran, Johnrev / Hadar, Britt / Hahnel, Ulf J J / Halperin, Eran / Harvey, Annelie J / Haugestad, Christian A P / Herman, Aleksandra M / Hershfield, Hal E / Himichi, Toshiyuki / Hine, Donald W / Hofmann, Wilhelm / Howe, Lauren / Huaman-Chulluncuy, Enma T / Huang, Guanxiong / Ishii, Tatsunori / Ito, Ayahito / Jia, Fanli / Jost, John T / Jovanović, Veljko / Jurgiel, Dominika / Kácha, Ondřej / Kankaanpää, Reeta / Kantorowicz, Jaroslaw / Kantorowicz-Reznichenko, Elena / Kaplan Mintz, Keren / Kaya, Ilker / Kaya, Ozgur / Khachatryan, Narine / Klas, Anna / Klein, Colin / Klöckner, Christian A / Koppel, Lina / Kosachenko, Alexandra I / Kothe, Emily J / Krebs, Ruth / Krosch, Amy R / Krouwel, Andre P M / Kyrychenko, Yara / Lagomarsino, Maria / Lamm, Claus / Lange, Florian / Lee Cunningham, Julia / Lees, Jeffrey / Leung, Tak Yan / Levy, Neil / Lockwood, Patricia L / Longoni, Chiara / López Ortega, Alberto / Loschelder, David D / Lu, Jackson G / Luo, Yu / Luomba, Joseph / Lutz, Annika E / Majer, Johann M / Markowitz, Ezra / Marsh, Abigail A / Mascarenhas, Karen Louise / Mbilingi, Bwambale / Mbungu, Winfred / McHugh, Cillian / Meijers, Marijn H C / Mercier, Hugo / Mhagama, Fenant Laurent / Michalakis, Katerina / Mikus, Nace / Milliron, Sarah / Mitkidis, Panagiotis / Monge-Rodríguez, Fredy S / Mora, Youri L / Moreau, David / Motoki, Kosuke / Moyano, Manuel / Mus, Mathilde / Navajas, Joaquin / Nguyen, Tam Luong / Nguyen, Dung Minh / Nguyen, Trieu / Niemi, Laura / Nijssen, Sari R R / Nilsonne, Gustav / Nitschke, Jonas P / Nockur, Laila / Okura, Ritah / Öner, Sezin / Özdoğru, Asil Ali / Palumbo, Helena / Panagopoulos, Costas / Panasiti, Maria Serena / Pärnamets, Philip / Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola / Pavlov, Yuri G / Payán-Gómez, César / Pearson, Adam R / Pereira da Costa, Leonor / Petrowsky, Hannes M / Pfattheicher, Stefan / Pham, Nhat Tan / Ponizovskiy, Vladimir / Pretus, Clara / Rêgo, Gabriel G / Reimann, Ritsaart / Rhoads, Shawn A / Riano-Moreno, Julian / Richter, Isabell / Röer, Jan Philipp / Rosa-Sullivan, Jahred / Ross, Robert M / Sabherwal, Anandita / Saito, Toshiki / Sarrasin, Oriane / Say, Nicolas / Schmid, Katharina / Schmitt, Michael T / Schoenegger, Philipp / Scholz, Christin / Schug, Mariah G / Schulreich, Stefan / Shreedhar, Ganga / Shuman, Eric / Sivan, Smadar / Sjåstad, Hallgeir / Soliman, Meikel / Soud, Katia / Spampatti, Tobia / Sparkman, Gregg / Spasovski, Ognen / Stanley, Samantha K / Stern, Jessica A / Strahm, Noel / Suko, Yasushi / Sul, Sunhae / Syropoulos, Stylianos / Taylor, Neil C / Tedaldi, Elisa / Tinghög, Gustav / Huynh, Luu Duc Toan / Travaglino, Giovanni Antonio / Tsakiris, Manos / Tüter, İlayda / Tyrala, Michael / Uluğ, Özden Melis / Urbanek, Arkadiusz / Valko, Danila / van der Linden, Sander / van Schie, Kevin / van Stekelenburg, Aart / Vanags, Edmunds / Västfjäll, Daniel / Vesely, Stepan / Vintr, Jáchym / Vranka, Marek / Wanguche, Patrick Otuo / Willer, Robb / Wojcik, Adrian Dominik / Xu, Rachel / Yadav, Anjali / Zawisza, Magdalena / Zhao, Xian / Zhao, Jiaying / Żuk, Dawid / Van Bavel, Jay J

    Science advances

    2024  Volume 10, Issue 6, Page(s) eadj5778

    Abstract: Effectively reducing climate change requires marked, global behavior change. However, it is unclear which strategies are most likely to motivate people to change their climate beliefs and behaviors. Here, we tested 11 expert-crowdsourced interventions on ...

    Abstract Effectively reducing climate change requires marked, global behavior change. However, it is unclear which strategies are most likely to motivate people to change their climate beliefs and behaviors. Here, we tested 11 expert-crowdsourced interventions on four climate mitigation outcomes: beliefs, policy support, information sharing intention, and an effortful tree-planting behavioral task. Across 59,440 participants from 63 countries, the interventions' effectiveness was small, largely limited to nonclimate skeptics, and differed across outcomes: Beliefs were strengthened mostly by decreasing psychological distance (by 2.3%), policy support by writing a letter to a future-generation member (2.6%), information sharing by negative emotion induction (12.1%), and no intervention increased the more effortful behavior-several interventions even reduced tree planting. Last, the effects of each intervention differed depending on people's initial climate beliefs. These findings suggest that the impact of behavioral climate interventions varies across audiences and target behaviors.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Climate Change ; Intention ; Policy ; Behavioral Sciences
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2810933-8
    ISSN 2375-2548 ; 2375-2548
    ISSN (online) 2375-2548
    ISSN 2375-2548
    DOI 10.1126/sciadv.adj5778
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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