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  1. Book ; Online ; E-Book: Virulence mechanisms of bacterial pathogens

    Kudva, Indira T.

    2016  

    Author's details edited by Indira T. Kudva [and 6 weitere]
    Keywords Bacteria / pathogenicity ; Bacterial Infections / physiopathology ; Bacterial Infections / prevention & control ; Bacterial Toxins ; Virulence
    Subject code 616.9/201
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 871 Seiten), Illustrationen
    Edition 5th edition
    Publisher ASM Press
    Publishing place Washington, DC
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book ; Online ; E-Book
    Remark Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
    HBZ-ID HT019463551
    ISBN 978-1-55581-928-6 ; 9781555819279 ; 1-55581-928-1 ; 1555819273
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article ; Online: AB

    Biernbaum, Erika N / Kudva, Indira T

    Toxins

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 1

    Abstract: Foodborne diseases affect an estimated 600 million people worldwide annually, with the majority of these illnesses caused by Norovirus, ...

    Abstract Foodborne diseases affect an estimated 600 million people worldwide annually, with the majority of these illnesses caused by Norovirus,
    MeSH term(s) Enterotoxins/toxicity ; Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology ; Foodborne Diseases/microbiology ; Humans ; Shiga Toxins/toxicity ; Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli/physiology
    Chemical Substances Enterotoxins ; Shiga Toxins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2518395-3
    ISSN 2072-6651 ; 2072-6651
    ISSN (online) 2072-6651
    ISSN 2072-6651
    DOI 10.3390/toxins14010062
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Shiga Toxin-Producing

    Edison, Lekshmi K / Kudva, Indira T / Kariyawasam, Subhashinie

    Microorganisms

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 10

    Abstract: Shiga toxin- ... ...

    Abstract Shiga toxin-producing
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms11102562
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Bovine Rectoanal Junction In Vitro Organ Culture Model System to Study Shiga Toxin-Producing

    Kudva, Indira T / Biernbaum, Erika N / Cassmann, Eric D / Palmer, Mitchell V

    Microorganisms

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 5

    Abstract: Studies evaluating the interactions between Shiga toxin- ... ...

    Abstract Studies evaluating the interactions between Shiga toxin-producing
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms11051289
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial activity of human granulysin, bovine and porcine NK-lysins against Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7.

    Biernbaum, Erika N / Dassanayake, Rohana P / Nicholson, Eric M / Kudva, Indira T

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 9, Page(s) e0292234

    Abstract: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 (O157) is a foodborne pathogen causing human disease ranging from hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome to kidney failure, while remaining harmless to cattle, its primary reservoir. The ... ...

    Abstract Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 (O157) is a foodborne pathogen causing human disease ranging from hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome to kidney failure, while remaining harmless to cattle, its primary reservoir. The severity of the human disease associated mainly with Shiga toxin production and a global emergence of antibiotic resistant STEC highlights the need for effective non-antibiotic, pre-harvest strategies to reduce O157 in cattle, the principal source of human infection. Towards this goal three synthetic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs): human granulysin (hGRNL), bovine NK-lysin (bNK2A), and porcine NK-lysin (pNKL), were tested in vitro against O157 isolates. As expected, circular dichroism spectroscopy findings were consistent with a predominantly α-helical conformation for all three AMPs in an environment mimicking bacterial outer surface or liposaccharides. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations of hGRNL (200 μM), bNK2A (12.5 μM against strain 86-24 and 25 μM against EDL933), and pNKL (6.25 μM) were determined using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution method in Müeller-Hinton broth (cation-adjusted). The bNK2A and pNKL AMPs did not induce Shiga toxin expression in O157 at MIC, as there was a significant decrease or no change in toxin expression following 4- or 20 h incubation with the AMPs; bNK2A p <0.0001 (4 h) and p = 0.4831 (20 h); pNKL p <0.0001 (4 h) and p = 0.0001 (20 h). Propidium iodide uptake assay revealed faster O157 membrane damage or killing kinetics with bNK2A and pNKL compared to hGRNL. Nonetheless, transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that all three AMPs mediated damage to O157 membranes. In contrast, the three AMPs showed minimal cytotoxicity (<2%) against cattle red blood cells at tested concentrations (0.39-50 μM). Overall, our results demonstrate the potential for bNK2A and pNKL to be further developed into novel non-antibiotic agents to reduce O157 shedding in cattle.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Cattle ; Swine ; Escherichia coli O157 ; Escherichia coli Infections/drug therapy ; Escherichia coli Infections/veterinary ; Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology ; Shiga Toxin ; Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli ; Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances NK-lysin ; Shiga Toxin (75757-64-1) ; Anti-Infective Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0292234
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: AB5 Enterotoxin-Mediated Pathogenesis: Perspectives Gleaned from Shiga Toxins

    Biernbaum, Erika N. / Kudva, Indira T.

    Toxins. 2022 Jan. 16, v. 14, no. 1

    2022  

    Abstract: Foodborne diseases affect an estimated 600 million people worldwide annually, with majority of these illnesses caused by Norovirus, Vibrio, Listeria, and members of the Enterobacteriaceae family such as Campylobacter, Salmonella, and Escherichia coli. To ...

    Abstract Foodborne diseases affect an estimated 600 million people worldwide annually, with majority of these illnesses caused by Norovirus, Vibrio, Listeria, and members of the Enterobacteriaceae family such as Campylobacter, Salmonella, and Escherichia coli. To elicit such infections in humans, bacterial pathogens express a combination of virulence factors and toxins. AB5 toxins are an example of such toxins that can cause various clinical manifestations including dehydration, diarrhea, kidney damage, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Treatment of most bacterial foodborne illnesses consists of fluid replacement and antibiotics. However, antibiotics are not recommended for infections caused by Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) because of the increased risk of HUS development, although there are conflicting views and results in this regard. Lack of effective treatment strategies for STEC infections pose a public health threat during outbreaks; therefore, antibiotics that do not induce toxin expression could be further explored, along with antibiotic alternatives for STEC infections. The overall goal of this review is to provide a succinct summary on the mechanisms of action and pathogenesis of AB5 and related toxins, as expressed by Enterobacteriaceae family members, with a primary focus on Shiga toxins (Stx). Role of Stx in human STEC disease, detection methodologies, and available treatment options is also briefly discussed.
    Keywords Campylobacter ; Listeria ; Norovirus ; Salmonella ; Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli ; Vibrio ; antibiotics ; colitis ; diarrhea ; hemolytic uremic syndrome ; humans ; kidneys ; pathogenesis ; public health ; risk ; virulence
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0116
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2518395-3
    ISSN 2072-6651
    ISSN 2072-6651
    DOI 10.3390/toxins14010062
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article ; Online: Bovine Rectoanal Junction In Vitro Organ Culture Model System to Study Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Adherence

    Kudva, Indira T. / Biernbaum, Erika N. / Cassmann, Eric D. / Palmer, Mitchell V.

    Microorganisms. 2023 May 15, v. 11, no. 5 p.1289-

    2023  

    Abstract: Studies evaluating the interactions between Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 (O157) and the bovine recto–anal junction (RAJ) have been limited to either in vitro analyses of bacteria, cells, or nucleic acids at the RAJ, providing limited ... ...

    Abstract Studies evaluating the interactions between Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 (O157) and the bovine recto–anal junction (RAJ) have been limited to either in vitro analyses of bacteria, cells, or nucleic acids at the RAJ, providing limited information. Alternatively, expensive in vivo studies in animals have been conducted. Therefore, our objective was to develop a comprehensive in vitro organ culture system of the RAJ (RAJ-IVOC) that accurately represents all cell types present in the RAJ. This system would enable studies that yield results similar to those observed in vivo. Pieces of RAJ tissue, obtained from unrelated cattle necropsies, were assembled and subjected to various tests in order to determine the optimal conditions for assaying bacterial adherence in a viable IVOC. O157 strain EDL933 and E. coli K12 with known adherence differences were used to standardize the RAJ-IVOC adherence assay. Tissue integrity was assessed using cell viability, structural cell markers, and histopathology, while the adherence of bacteria was evaluated via microscopy and culture methods. DNA fingerprinting verified the recovered bacteria against the inoculum. When the RAJ-IVOC was assembled in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium, maint
    Keywords DNA ; Escherichia coli K12 ; Escherichia coli O157 ; bacterial adhesion ; carbon dioxide ; cattle ; cell viability ; histopathology ; inoculum ; microscopy ; organ culture ; temperature
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-0515
    Publishing place MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note Resource is Open Access
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms11051289
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Novel reusable animal model for comparative evaluation of in vivo growth and protein-expression of Escherichia coli O157 strains in the bovine rumen.

    Kudva, Indira T / Trachsel, Julian / Biernbaum, Erika N / Casey, Thomas

    PloS one

    2022  Volume 17, Issue 5, Page(s) e0268645

    Abstract: Previously, we had demonstrated that Escherichia coli O157:H7 (O157) strain 86-24 expresses proteins involved in survival rather than virulence in vitro in rumen fluid from dairy cattle limit fed a maintenance diet. Here, we verified if this observation ... ...

    Abstract Previously, we had demonstrated that Escherichia coli O157:H7 (O157) strain 86-24 expresses proteins involved in survival rather than virulence in vitro in rumen fluid from dairy cattle limit fed a maintenance diet. Here, we verified if this observation would be true for different O157 strains grown in vitro in rumen fluid from, and in vivo in the rumen of, animals on contrasting maintenance (high fiber) and lactation (high energy-protein) diets usually limit fed to dairy cattle. For the in vivo studies, an economical, novel, reusable and non-terminal rumen-fistulated animal model permitting simultaneous evaluation of multiple bacterial strains in the bovine rumen was developed. All experiments were conducted in duplicate using different animals to account for host-related variations. The O157 strains included, 86-24, EDL933 and the super shed SS-17. E. coli NalR (#5735), derived from a bovine intestinal commensal E. coli, was included as a control. As expected, diet influenced ruminal pH and volatile fatty acid (VFA) composition. The pH ranged from 6.2-7.0 and total VFA concentrations from 109-141 μM/ml, in animals fed the maintenance diet. In comparison, animals fed the lactation diet had a ruminal pH ranging between 5.18-6.0, and total VFA of 125-219 μM/ml. Strain dependent differences in O157 recovery from the rumen fluid of cattle fed either diet was observed, both in vitro and in vivo, with O157 strains 86-24 and EDL933 demonstrating similar survival patterns. Analysis of the O157 proteomes expressed in the rumen fluid/rumen verified previous observations of adaptive responses. Any difference in the adaptive response was mainly influenced by the animal's diet and growth conditions (in vitro and in vivo) and not the O157 strain. These new insights into the O157 responses could help formulate modalities to control O157 across strains in cattle at all stages of husbandry.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Diet/veterinary ; Escherichia coli O157/physiology ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/analysis ; Feces/microbiology ; Female ; Models, Animal ; Rumen/microbiology
    Chemical Substances Fatty Acids, Volatile
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0268645
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Book: Virulence mechanisms of bacterial pathogens

    Kudva, Indira T

    2016  

    Author's details edited by Indira T. Kudva, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA 50010, [and six others]
    Keywords Host-bacteria relationships. ; Pathogenic bacteria. ; Virulence (Microbiology) ; bacteria ; bacterial infections ; bacterial toxins ; pathogenicity ; pathophysiology ; virulence ; Pathogene Bakterien ; Virulenz
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-2016
    Size xvii, 871 pages :, illustrations (some color) ;, 26 cm
    Edition Fifth edition.
    Document type Book
    ISBN 1555819273 ; 9781555819279 ; 9781555819286 ; 1555819281
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Book ; Conference proceedings: Virulence mechanisms of bacterial pathogens

    Kudva, Indira T

    2016  

    Event/congress Virulence Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogens (4th, 2006, AmesIowa.)
    Author's details edited by Indira T. Kudva [and six others]
    MeSH term(s) Bacteria/pathogenicity ; Bacterial Infections/physiopathology ; Bacterial Infections/prevention & control ; Bacterial Toxins ; Virulence
    Language English
    Size xvii, 871 pages :, illustrations
    Edition Fifth edition.
    Document type Book ; Conference proceedings
    Note Preceded by Virulence mechanisms of bacterial pathogens / edited by Kim A. Brogden ... [et al.].
    ISBN 9781555819279 ; 1555819273 ; 9781555819286 ; 1555819281
    Database Catalogue of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM)

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