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Article: Plasma Cell Neoplasm with Clear Cell Morphology—A Diagnostic Dilemma

Naskar, Sudipta / Kumar, Rekha V.

Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology

2023

Keywords	Clear cell plasmacytoma ; pleural cavity ; dilemma ; immunohistochemistry ; CD138
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-05
Publisher	Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Publishing place	Stuttgart ; New York
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2181724-8
ISSN	0975-2129 ; 0971-5851 ; 0975-2129
ISSN (online)	0975-2129
ISSN	0971-5851 ; 0975-2129
DOI	10.1055/s-0043-1770786
Database	Thieme publisher's database

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Article: Syringocystadenocarcinoma Papilliferum of Thigh-a Rare Cutaneous Malignancy with Unusual Histology and Clinical Presentation.

Naskar, Sudipta / Manohar, Archana / H G, Srivatsa / V, Divya / Kumar, Rekha V / Srinath, B S

Indian journal of surgical oncology

2023 Volume 14, Issue 4, Page(s) 900–903

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-06
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2568289-1
ISSN	0976-6952 ; 0975-7651
ISSN (online)	0976-6952
ISSN	0975-7651
DOI	10.1007/s13193-023-01808-7
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Article ; Online: Infrared Microspectroscopy With Multivariate Analysis to Differentiate Oral Hyperplasia From Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Proof of Concept for Early Diagnosis.

Kuhar, Nikki / Nazeer, Shaiju S / Kumar, Rekha V / Mukherjee, Geetashree / Umapathy, Siva

Lasers in surgery and medicine

2021 Volume 53, Issue 10, Page(s) 1435–1445

Abstract: Background and objectives: Despite having numerous advances in therapeutics, mortality and morbidity due to oral cancer incidence are still very high. Early detection can improve the chances of survival in most patients. However, diagnosis at early ... ...

Abstract	Background and objectives: Despite having numerous advances in therapeutics, mortality and morbidity due to oral cancer incidence are still very high. Early detection can improve the chances of survival in most patients. However, diagnosis at early stages can be challenging as premalignant conditions are usually asymptomatic. Currently, histological assessment remains the gold standard for diagnosis. Early diagnosis poses challenges to pathologists due to less severe morphological changes associated with early stages. Therefore, a fast and robust method of detection based on molecular changes is needed for early diagnosis. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Study design/material and methods: In the present study, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic imaging has been used to differentiate early-stage oral hyperplasia from adjacent normal (AN) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Hyperplasia is often considered as an initial event in the pathogenesis of oral cancer and OSCC is the most common advanced stage of malignancy. Differentiating normal versus hyperplasia and hyperplasia versus OSCC can remain quite challenging on occasion using conventional staining as the histological assessment is based on morphological changes. Results: Unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis (UHCA) has been performed on FTIR images of multiple tissues together that provided some degree of classification among tissue groups. The AN epithelium clustered distinctively using UHCA from both hyperplasia and grades 1 and 2 of OSCC. An increase in the content of DNA, denaturation of protein, and altered lipid structures were more clearly elucidated with spectral analysis. Conclusion: This study demonstrates a simple strategy to differentiate early-stage oral hyperplasia from AN and OSCC using UHCA. This study also proposes a future alternative method where FTIR imaging can be used as a diagnostic tool for cancer at early stages.
MeSH term(s)	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnostic imaging ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Mouth Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Multivariate Analysis
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	604493-1
ISSN	1096-9101 ; 0196-8092
ISSN (online)	1096-9101
ISSN	0196-8092
DOI	10.1002/lsm.23427
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Article: Modified Heidelberg technique of pancreatic anastomosis postpancreaticoduodenectomy - 10 years of experience.

Chowdappa, Ramachandra / Tiwari, Ajeet Ramamani / Ranganath, Namrata / Kumar, Rekha V

South Asian journal of cancer

2019 Volume 8, Issue 2, Page(s) 88–91

Abstract: Context: Pancreatic fistula has forever been a dreaded complication after pancreatic anastomosis (PA). We present a retrospective analysis of 10 years of experience with the Modified Heidelberg technique (MHT) that has been recently described.: Aim: ... ...

Abstract	Context: Pancreatic fistula has forever been a dreaded complication after pancreatic anastomosis (PA). We present a retrospective analysis of 10 years of experience with the Modified Heidelberg technique (MHT) that has been recently described. Aim: The aim of the study is to establish postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) rates after MHT. Settings and design: This is a retrospective observational study carried out at a tertiary cancer center in South India in the Department of Surgical Oncology. Subjects and methods: Two hundred and eight consecutive patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and PA with MHT for a variety of proximal pancreatic lesions from January 2008 to February 2018 were included in this study. The incidence of POPF was recorded by the International Study Group on Pancreatic Fistula 2005 and 2016 definitions. Statistical analysis used: Epidemiological and clinical data are expressed in ratios and percentage and presented in table format. Results: Between January 2008 and March 2016, 186 patients underwent PD, and MHT was used for PA. Five (2.7%) patients developed Grade A POPF whereas Grades B and C were seen in three (1.6%) patients each with one death. Between April 2016 and February 2018, 22 patients underwent PD. Two patients (9%) had biochemical leak whereas none of them developed clinically relevant POPF. No deaths were recorded in this period. Overall, Grade B and Grade C POPF rates were 1.4% each, whereas 30-day mortality was 0.4%. Conclusions: Results of this study indicate that MHT is a safe, reliable, easy to learn, and adopt technique of pancreatic reconstruction after PD.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-01
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2719571-5
ISSN	2278-4306 ; 2278-330X
ISSN (online)	2278-4306
ISSN	2278-330X
DOI	10.4103/sajc.sajc_241_18
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Article: Is there difference between anastomotic site and remnant stump carcinoma in gastric stump cancers?-a single institute analysis of 90 patients.

Chowdappa, Ramachandra / Tiwari, Ajeet Ramamani / Ranganath, Namrata / Kumar, Rekha V

Journal of gastrointestinal oncology

2019 Volume 10, Issue 2, Page(s) 307–313

Abstract: Background: Little has been reported regarding differences between malignancies that develop at the anastomotic site (ASC) and those that develop at the remnant stump (RSC) in gastric stump carcinomas (GSC). The purpose of our study was to compare ... ...

Abstract	Background: Little has been reported regarding differences between malignancies that develop at the anastomotic site (ASC) and those that develop at the remnant stump (RSC) in gastric stump carcinomas (GSC). The purpose of our study was to compare clinical, pathological and survival characteristics of ASC patients with those of RSC patients. Methods: Patients who underwent surgery for GSC between January 2005 and December 2017 were analyzed. Of the total 112 patients, 22 patients were excluded from the study due to extensive loss of data. Ninety patients underwent curative resection and were evaluated based on anatomic site at which they developed malignancy, i.e., ASC and RSC. Clinical, pathological and survival characteristics were assessed. Results: As per Lauren's classification, diffuse and intestinal variety were significantly associated with ASC (P=0.0001) and RSC (P=0.0001) respectively. RSC was associated with lower pT [pT2, 15/33 (45.5%), P=0.0002]. ASC was significantly associated with higher pN [pN3, 30/57 (52.6%), P=0.0013], stage [stage III, 48/57 (84.2%), P=0.0022], positive mesenteric nodes (P=0.006) and poor 3-year survival (10.5% versus 36.4%, P=0.003). Conclusions: ASC is substantially different than RSC. ASC is more aggressive disease compared to RSC and has different pathophysiology, higher rates of nodal involvement (both primary and mesenteric), presents with higher stage and has significantly poor 3-year survival.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-01
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2594644-4
ISSN	2219-679X ; 2078-6891
ISSN (online)	2219-679X
ISSN	2078-6891
DOI	10.21037/jgo.2018.12.03
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Article: Molecular Characterization of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Quantitative Proteomics.

Mangalaparthi, Kiran K / Patel, Krishna / Khan, Aafaque Ahmad / Nair, Bipin / Kumar, Rekha V / Prasad, Thottethodi Subrahmanya Keshav / Sidransky, David / Chatterjee, Aditi / Pandey, Akhilesh / Gowda, Harsha

Cancers

2023 Volume 15, Issue 13

Abstract: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a heterogeneous cancer associated with a poor prognosis in advanced stages. In India, it is the sixth most common cause of cancer-related mortality. In this study, we employed high-resolution mass spectrometry- ...

Abstract	Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a heterogeneous cancer associated with a poor prognosis in advanced stages. In India, it is the sixth most common cause of cancer-related mortality. In this study, we employed high-resolution mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics to characterize the differential protein expression pattern associated with ESCC. We identified several differentially expressed proteins including PDPN, TOP2A, POSTN and MMP2 that were overexpressed in ESCC. In addition, we identified downregulation of esophagus tissue-enriched proteins such as SLURP1, PADI1, CSTA, small proline-rich proteins such as SPRR3, SPRR2A, SPRR1A, KRT4, and KRT13, involved in squamous cell differentiation. We identified several overexpressed proteins mapped to the 3q24-29 chromosomal region, aligning with CNV alterations in this region reported in several published studies. Among these, we identified overexpression of SOX2, TP63, IGF2BP2 and RNF13 that are encoded by genes in the 3q26 region. Functional enrichment analysis revealed proteins involved in cell cycle pathways, DNA replication, spliceosome, and DNA repair pathways. We identified the overexpression of multiple proteins that play a major role in alleviating ER stress, including SYVN1 and SEL1L. The SYVN1/SEL1L complex is an essential part of the ER quality control machinery clearing misfolded proteins from the ER. SYVN1 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that ubiquitinates ER-resident proteins. Interestingly, there are also other non-canonical substrates of SYVN1 which are known to play a crucial role in tumor progression. Thus, SYVN1 could be a potential therapeutic target in ESCC.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2527080-1
ISSN	2072-6694
ISSN	2072-6694
DOI	10.3390/cancers15133302
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Article: Heterogeneity in 2,6-Linked Sialic Acids Potentiates Invasion of Breast Cancer Epithelia.

Pally, Dharma / Pramanik, Durjay / Hussain, Shahid / Verma, Shreya / Srinivas, Anagha / Kumar, Rekha V / Everest-Dass, Arun / Bhat, Ramray

ACS central science

2021 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 110–125

Abstract: Heterogeneity in phenotypes of malignantly transformed cells and aberrant glycan expression on their surface are two prominent hallmarks of cancers that have hitherto not been linked to each other. In this paper, we identify differential levels of a ... ...

Abstract	Heterogeneity in phenotypes of malignantly transformed cells and aberrant glycan expression on their surface are two prominent hallmarks of cancers that have hitherto not been linked to each other. In this paper, we identify differential levels of a specific glycan linkage: α2,6-linked sialic acids within breast cancer cells
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2374-7943
ISSN	2374-7943
DOI	10.1021/acscentsci.0c00601
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Article: PD-1 and PD-L1 Expression in Indian Women with Breast Cancer.

Bharadwa, Kishan R / Dasgupta, Kuheli / Narayana, Suma Mysore / Ramachandra, C / Babu, Suresh M C / Rangarajan, Annapoorni / Kumar, Rekha V

European journal of breast health

2021 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 21–29

Abstract: Objective: The interaction between programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) on activated T-lymphocytes and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) on tumor cells or antigen-presenting cells sends immunosuppressive signals leading to the escape of tumor cells ... ...

Abstract	Objective: The interaction between programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) on activated T-lymphocytes and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) on tumor cells or antigen-presenting cells sends immunosuppressive signals leading to the escape of tumor cells from the host anti-tumor immune response. Inhibiting this interaction with antibodies against PD-1 or PD-L1 is emerging as a valuable therapeutic strategy. However, tissue distribution patterns for PD-L1 and PD-1 in breast cancer patients from India are not reported, yet many clinical trials are underway. In this study the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in breast cancer patient samples from India was characterized. Materials and methods: The study included 392 cases of operated breast cancer (2012-2017) from a tertiary cancer care center in Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Paraffin blocks were retrievable and receptor status was known. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed using anti-PD-L1 and anti-PD-1 antibodies. RNA was isolated from 76 fresh tumors and nine adjacent normal tissues (2019). PD-L1 transcript levels were measured by RT-qPCR using Results: Based on IHC, PD-1 expression within tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) was observed in 55/385 cases (14%) across all breast cancer types. In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), 21/132 cases (16%) showed PD-1 staining in TIICs. The overall expression of PD-L1 in breast tumor cells across all breast cancer subtypes and TIICs was 11% (41/378) and 39% (151/385), respectively. A relatively higher proportion of TNBC cases had PD-L1 expression in tumor cells (17/132 cases, 13%) and immune cells (68/132 cases, 52%). We also detected PD-L1 transcript expression by qRT-PCR in freshly isolated tumor samples. Conclusion: These findings show that around 52% (68/132) of the TNBC cases express PD-L1 in TIICs. Hence, anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy alone or combined with chemotherapy may be a promising treatment for TNBC in Indian patients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-30
Publishing country	Turkey
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2587-0831
ISSN	2587-0831
DOI	10.4274/ejbh.galenos.2021.2021-5-2
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Article: Iduronate-2-Sulfatase-Regulated Dermatan Sulfate Levels Potentiate the Invasion of Breast Cancer Epithelia through Collagen Matrix.

Singh, Vishal / Jha, Keshav Kumar / M, Jyothsna K / Kumar, Rekha V / Raghunathan, Varun / Bhat, Ramray

Journal of clinical medicine

2019 Volume 8, Issue 10

Abstract: Cancer epithelia show elevation in levels of sulfated proteoglycans including dermatan sulfates (DS). The effect of increased DS on cancer cell behavior is still unclear. We hypothesized that decreased expression of the enzyme Iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) ...

Abstract	Cancer epithelia show elevation in levels of sulfated proteoglycans including dermatan sulfates (DS). The effect of increased DS on cancer cell behavior is still unclear. We hypothesized that decreased expression of the enzyme Iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) can lead to increased DS levels, which would enhance the invasion of cancer cells. Breast cancer sections shows depleted IDS levels in tumor epithelia, when compared with adjacent untransformed breast tissues. IDS signals showed a progressive decrease in the non-transformed HMLE, transformed but non-invasive MCF-7 and transformed and invasive MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively, when cultured on Type 1 collagen scaffolds. DS levels measured by ELISA increased in an inverse-association with IDS levels. Knockdown of IDS in MCF-7 epithelia also increased the levels of DS. MCF-7 cells with depleted IDS expression, when imaged using two photon-excited fluorescence and second harmonic generation microscopy, exhibited a mesenchymal morphology with multiple cytoplasmic projections compared with epithelioid control cells, interacted with their surrounding matrix, and showed increased invasion through Type 1 collagen matrices. Both these traits were phenocopied when control MCF-7 cells were cultivated on Type 1 collagen gels polymerized in the presence of DS. In monolayer cultures, DS had no effect on MCF-7 migration. In the context of our demonstration that DS enhances the elastic modulus of Type 1 collagen gels, we propose that a decrease of IDS expression leads to accumulation within cancer epithelia of DS: the latter remodels the collagen around cancer cells leading to changes in cell shape and invasiveness through fibrillar matrix milieu.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm8101562
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Article ; Online: miR-18a Mediates Immune Evasion in ER-Positive Breast Cancer through Wnt Signaling.

Nair, Madhumathy G / D, Apoorva / M, Chandrakala / Vp, Snijesh / Patil, Sharada / Ce, Anupama / Mukherjee, Geetashree / Kumar, Rekha V / Prabhu, Jyothi S / Ts, Sridhar

Cells

2022 Volume 11, Issue 10

Abstract: ER-positive (ER+) breast cancer is considered immunologically ‘silent’ with fewer tumor-infiltrating immune cells. We have previously demonstrated the role of miR-18a in mediating invasion and poor prognosis in ER+ breast cancer by activation of the Wnt ... ...

Abstract	ER-positive (ER+) breast cancer is considered immunologically ‘silent’ with fewer tumor-infiltrating immune cells. We have previously demonstrated the role of miR-18a in mediating invasion and poor prognosis in ER+ breast cancer by activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. Here, we explored the immune-modulatory functions of high levels of miR-18a in these tumors. A microarray-based gene expression analysis performed in miR-18a over-expressed ER+ breast cancer cell lines demonstrated dysregulation and suppression of immune-related pathways. Stratification of the ER+ tumor samples by miR-18a levels in the TCGA and METABRIC cohort and immune cell identification performed using CIBERSORT and Immune CellAI algorithms revealed a higher proportion of T-regulatory cells (p < 0.001) and a higher CD4/CD8 ratio (p < 0.01). miR-18a over-expressed MCF7 co-cultured with THP-1 showed decreased antigen presentation abilities and increased invasiveness and survival. They also promoted the differentiation of pro-tumorigenic M2 macrophages. Inhibition of the Wnt pathway in miR-18a over-expressed cells brought about the restoration of TAP-1, a protein critical for antigen presentation. Examination of tumor specimens from our case series showed that miR-18a high ER+ tumors had a dense lymphocyte infiltrate when compared to miR-18a low tumors but expressed a higher CD4/CD8 ratio and the M2 macrophage marker CD206, along with the invasive marker MMP9. We report for the first time an association between miR-18a-mediated Wnt signaling and stromal immune modulation in ER+ tumors. Our results highlight the possibility of formulating specific Wnt pathway inhibitors that may be used in combination with immune checkpoint blockers (ICB) for sensitizing ‘immune-cold’ ER+ tumors to immunotherapy.
MeSH term(s)	Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Immune Evasion ; MicroRNAs/metabolism ; Wnt Signaling Pathway
Chemical Substances	MIRN18A microRNA, human ; MicroRNAs
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2661518-6
ISSN	2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
ISSN (online)	2073-4409
ISSN	2073-4409
DOI	10.3390/cells11101672
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