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  1. Article ; Online: Targeting Fks1 proteins for novel antifungal drug discovery.

    Kumar, Vinit / Huang, Juan / Dong, Yawen / Hao, Ge-Fei

    Trends in pharmacological sciences

    2024  Volume 45, Issue 4, Page(s) 366–384

    Abstract: Fungal infections are a major threat to human health. The limited availability of antifungal drugs, the emergence of drug resistance, and a growing susceptible population highlight the critical need for novel antifungal agents. The enzymes involved in ... ...

    Abstract Fungal infections are a major threat to human health. The limited availability of antifungal drugs, the emergence of drug resistance, and a growing susceptible population highlight the critical need for novel antifungal agents. The enzymes involved in fungal cell wall synthesis offer potential targets for antifungal drug development. Recent studies have enhanced our focus on the enzyme Fks1, which synthesizes β-1,3-glucan, a critical component of the cell wall. These studies provide a deeper understanding of Fks1's function in cell wall biosynthesis, pathogenicity, structural biology, evolutionary conservation across fungi, and interaction with current antifungal drugs. Here, we discuss the role of Fks1 in the survival and adaptation of fungi, guided by insights from evolutionary and structural analyses. Furthermore, we delve into the dynamics of Fks1 modulation with novel antifungal strategies and assess its potential as an antifungal drug target.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Antifungal Agents/pharmacology ; Echinocandins ; Drug Discovery
    Chemical Substances Antifungal Agents ; Echinocandins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 282846-7
    ISSN 1873-3735 ; 0165-6147
    ISSN (online) 1873-3735
    ISSN 0165-6147
    DOI 10.1016/j.tips.2024.02.007
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Echocardiography for Volume Assessment in Acute Myocardial Infarction.

    Ramteke, Satish / Kumar, Vinit / Kumar, Dhananjay / Gupta, Manish

    Cureus

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 10, Page(s) e47946

    Abstract: Background Errors caused by improper volume estimation increase acute mortality rates in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We aimed to determine volume status in AMI patients using echocardiography and to correlate the findings with clinical outcomes. ... ...

    Abstract Background Errors caused by improper volume estimation increase acute mortality rates in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We aimed to determine volume status in AMI patients using echocardiography and to correlate the findings with clinical outcomes. Methods This cross-sectional, single-center study was performed at a tertiary care center in India between August 2017 and September 2020 involving AMI patients. We performed echocardiography for all patients. Parameters such as left ventricle (LV) and atrium size, LV end-diastolic pressure, inferior vena cava (IVC) size and size variation, velocity stroke volume, and velocity time integral variation were measured. B-lines were recorded by scanning 32 regions on the anterior chest in the supine position using cardiac probes of echocardiography. Results A total of 184 patients were enrolled in the study with male predominance (82.1%). The mean age of patients was 58.2 ± 10.7 years. Dilated (>2.1 cm) and collapsible (<50%) IVC, and B-lines were significantly associated with heart failure (HF) (p<0.001; r=0.87 and p<0.001; r=0.74, respectively). The area under receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) curve to diagnose HF at a cut-off value of >10 for B-lines was 0.897 (0.842-0.951). AUROC curve for IVC size in diagnosing hypovolemia was 0.063 (0.000-0.130). Conclusions Volume status based on IVC size and B-lines detected by echocardiography has a strong prognostic value in AMI patients and should be included in the routine assessment of these patients.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.47946
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Deciphering drug discovery and microbial pathogenesis research in tuberculosis during the two decades of postgenomic era using entity mining approach.

    Kumar, Vinit / Shankar, Gauri / Akhter, Yusuf

    Archives of microbiology

    2023  Volume 206, Issue 1, Page(s) 46

    Abstract: We examined literature on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) subsequent to its genome release, spanning years 1999-2020. We employed scientometric mapping, entity mining, visualization techniques, and PubMed and PubTator databases. Most popular keywords, ... ...

    Abstract We examined literature on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) subsequent to its genome release, spanning years 1999-2020. We employed scientometric mapping, entity mining, visualization techniques, and PubMed and PubTator databases. Most popular keywords, most active research groups, and growth in quantity of publications were determined. By gathering annotations from the PubTator, we determined direction of research in the areas of drug hypersensitivity, drug resistance (AMR), and drug-related side effects. Additionally, we examined the patterns in research on Mtb metabolism and various forms of tuberculosis, including skin, brain, pulmonary, extrapulmonary, and latent tuberculosis. We discovered that 2011 had the highest annual growth rate of publications, at 19.94%. The USA leads the world in publications with 18,038, followed by China with 14,441, and India with 12,158 publications. Studies on isoniazid and rifampicin resistance showed an enormous increase. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria also been the subject of more research in effort to better understand Mtb physiology and as model organisms. Researchers also looked at co-infections like leprosy, hepatitis, plasmodium, HIV, and other opportunistic infections. Host perspectives like immune response, hypoxia, and reactive oxygen species, as well as comorbidities like arthritis, cancer, diabetes, and kidney disease etc. were also looked at. Symptomatic aspects like fever, coughing, and weight loss were also investigated. Vitamin D has gained popularity as a supplement during illness recovery, however, the interest of researchers declined off late. We delineated dominant researchers, journals, institutions, and leading nations globally, which is crucial for aligning ongoing and evolving landscape of TB research efforts. Recognising the dominant patterns offers important information about the areas of focus for current research, allowing biomedical scientists, clinicians, and organizations to strategically coordinate their efforts with the changing priorities in the field of tuberculosis research.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Tuberculosis/drug therapy ; Isoniazid ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics ; Opportunistic Infections ; Drug Discovery
    Chemical Substances Isoniazid (V83O1VOZ8L)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-28
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 124824-8
    ISSN 1432-072X ; 0302-8933
    ISSN (online) 1432-072X
    ISSN 0302-8933
    DOI 10.1007/s00203-023-03776-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Reactive power compensation using derated power generation mode of modified P&O algorithm in grid-interfaced PV system

    Kumar, Vinit / Singh, Mukesh

    Renewable energy. 2021 Nov., v. 178

    2021  

    Abstract: A local load connected with the grid-interfaced photovoltaic (GIPV) system demands reactive power compensation at the distribution level. The compensation either fulfilled by the PV inverter or grid side arrangements such as capacitor bank, static VAR ... ...

    Abstract A local load connected with the grid-interfaced photovoltaic (GIPV) system demands reactive power compensation at the distribution level. The compensation either fulfilled by the PV inverter or grid side arrangements such as capacitor bank, static VAR compensator or tap-changing transformers. Amongst both, the inverter has merit to compensate reactive power without using an additional compensator or oversizing the inverter rating. However, it always depends upon the availability of irradiance and especially when the inverter transfers power with full capacity has no margin to generate the reactive power. Therefore, to make the system flexible according to the demand of the local loads and to create a margin to generate the reactive power at any time instant, a GIPV system with modified perturb & observe (MP&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique has been proposed. This proposed technique with an intermediate boost converter extracts maximum power more efficiently as compared to the traditional MPPT technique. On the other hand, it curtails the generated active power and provides margin for the PV inverter to generate the reactive power. Further, the PV inverter generates active and reactive power to the local loads as well as transfer power to the grid using inverter control. The inverter control comprises of decoupled instantaneous active and reactive power control. In this control scheme, it maintains the DC-link voltage and power flow between the GIPV system and the grid under all available irradiance conditions. In this respect, a 30 kW GIPV system is simulated and performance of the system is validated using real-time OP4510 hardware-in-loop (HIL) setup.
    Keywords algorithms ; capacitors ; electric potential difference ; light intensity ; power generation ; renewable energy sources ; solar collectors
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-11
    Size p. 108-117.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2001449-1
    ISSN 1879-0682 ; 0960-1481
    ISSN (online) 1879-0682
    ISSN 0960-1481
    DOI 10.1016/j.renene.2021.06.035
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: GLUT and HK: Two primary and essential key players in tumor glycolysis.

    Yadav, Dhiraj / Yadav, Anubha / Bhattacharya, Sujata / Dagar, Akansha / Kumar, Vinit / Rani, Reshma

    Seminars in cancer biology

    2024  Volume 100, Page(s) 17–27

    Abstract: Cancer cells reprogram their metabolism to become "glycolysis-dominant," which enables them to meet their energy and macromolecule needs and enhancing their rate of survival. This glycolytic-dominancy is known as the "Warburg effect", a significant ... ...

    Abstract Cancer cells reprogram their metabolism to become "glycolysis-dominant," which enables them to meet their energy and macromolecule needs and enhancing their rate of survival. This glycolytic-dominancy is known as the "Warburg effect", a significant factor in the growth and invasion of malignant tumors. Many studies confirmed that members of the GLUT family, specifically HK-II from the HK family play a pivotal role in the Warburg effect, and are closely associated with glucose transportation followed by glucose metabolism in cancer cells. Overexpression of GLUTs and HK-II correlates with aggressive tumor behaviour and tumor microenvironment making them attractive therapeutic targets. Several studies have proven that the regulation of GLUTs and HK-II expression improves the treatment outcome for various tumors. Therefore, small molecule inhibitors targeting GLUT and HK-II show promise in sensitizing cancer cells to treatment, either alone or in combination with existing therapies including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and photodynamic therapy. Despite existing therapies, viable methods to target the glycolysis of cancer cells are currently lacking to increase the effectiveness of cancer treatment. This review explores the current understanding of GLUT and HK-II in cancer metabolism, recent inhibitor developments, and strategies for future drug development, offering insights into improving cancer treatment efficacy.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Neoplasms/metabolism ; Glycolysis/physiology ; Glucose/metabolism ; Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
    Chemical Substances Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1033980-2
    ISSN 1096-3650 ; 1044-579X
    ISSN (online) 1096-3650
    ISSN 1044-579X
    DOI 10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.03.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Taking cues from machine learning, compartmental and time series models for SARS-CoV-2 omicron infection in Indian provinces.

    Yadav, Subhash Kumar / Khan, Saif Ali / Tiwari, Mayank / Kumar, Arun / Kumar, Vinit / Akhter, Yusuf

    Spatial and spatio-temporal epidemiology

    2024  Volume 48, Page(s) 100634

    Abstract: SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, posed a significant threat to the world. We analyzed COVID-19 dissemination data in the top ten Indian provinces by infection incidences using the Susceptible-Infectious-Removed (SIR) model, an ... ...

    Abstract SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, posed a significant threat to the world. We analyzed COVID-19 dissemination data in the top ten Indian provinces by infection incidences using the Susceptible-Infectious-Removed (SIR) model, an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) time series model, a machine learning model based on the Random Forest, and distribution fitting. Outbreaks are expected to continue if the Basic Reproduction Number (R
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Cues ; Machine Learning ; Models, Statistical ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Time Factors ; India/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-18
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2515896-X
    ISSN 1877-5853 ; 1877-5845
    ISSN (online) 1877-5853
    ISSN 1877-5845
    DOI 10.1016/j.sste.2024.100634
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Modeling Global COVID-19 Dissemination Data After the Emergence of Omicron Variant Using Multipronged Approaches

    Yadav, Subhash Kumar / Kumar, Vinit / Akhter, Yusuf

    Current microbiology. 2022 Sept., v. 79, no. 9

    2022  

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has followed a wave pattern, with an increase in new cases followed by a drop. Several factors influence this pattern, including vaccination efficacy over time, human behavior, infection management measures used, emergence of novel ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has followed a wave pattern, with an increase in new cases followed by a drop. Several factors influence this pattern, including vaccination efficacy over time, human behavior, infection management measures used, emergence of novel variants of SARS-CoV-2, and the size of the vulnerable population, among others. In this study, we used three statistical approaches to analyze COVID-19 dissemination data collected from 15 November 2021 to 09 January 2022 for the prediction of further spread and to determine the behavior of the pandemic in the top 12 countries by infection incidence at that time, namely Distribution Fitting, Time Series Modeling, and Epidemiological Modeling. We fitted various theoretical distributions to data sets from different countries, yielding the best-fit distribution for the most accurate interpretation and prediction of the disease spread. Several time series models were fitted to the data of the studied countries using the expert modeler to obtain the best fitting models. Finally, we estimated the infection rates (β), recovery rates (γ), and Basic Reproduction Numbers ([Formula: see text]) for the countries using the compartmental model SIR (Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered). Following more research on this, our findings may be validated and interpreted. Therefore, the most refined information may be used to develop the best policies for breaking the disease's chain of transmission by implementing suppressive measures such as vaccination, which will also aid in the prevention of future waves of infection.
    Keywords COVID-19 infection ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; at-risk population ; human behavior ; microbiology ; pandemic ; prediction ; reproduction ; time series analysis ; vaccination
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-09
    Size p. 286.
    Publishing place Springer US
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 134238-1
    ISSN 1432-0991 ; 0343-8651
    ISSN (online) 1432-0991
    ISSN 0343-8651
    DOI 10.1007/s00284-022-02985-4
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: The metabolic crosstalk between PIN1 and the tumour microenvironment.

    Caligiuri, Isabella / Vincenzo, Canzonieri / Asano, Tomochiro / Kumar, Vinit / Rizzolio, Flavio

    Seminars in cancer biology

    2023  Volume 91, Page(s) 143–157

    Abstract: Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (PIN1) is a member of a family of peptidyl-prolyl isomerases that specifically recognizes and binds phosphoproteins, catalyzing the rapid cis-trans isomerization of phosphorylated serine/threonine- ... ...

    Abstract Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (PIN1) is a member of a family of peptidyl-prolyl isomerases that specifically recognizes and binds phosphoproteins, catalyzing the rapid cis-trans isomerization of phosphorylated serine/threonine-proline motifs, which leads to changes in the structures and activities of the targeted proteins. Through this complex mechanism, PIN1 regulates many hallmarks of cancer including cell autonomous metabolism and the crosstalk with the cellular microenvironment. Many studies showed that PIN1 is largely overexpressed in cancer turning on a set of oncogenes and abrogating the function of tumor suppressor genes. Among these targets, recent evidence demonstrated that PIN1 is involved in lipid and glucose metabolism and accordingly, in the Warburg effect, a characteristic of tumor cells. As an orchestra master, PIN1 finely tunes the signaling pathways allowing cancer cells to adapt and take advantage from a poorly organized tumor microenvironment. In this review, we highlight the trilogy among PIN1, the tumor microenvironment and the metabolic program rewiring.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; NIMA-Interacting Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/genetics ; NIMA-Interacting Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/metabolism ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/genetics ; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/chemistry ; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/metabolism ; Neoplasms ; Signal Transduction ; Phosphorylation
    Chemical Substances NIMA-Interacting Peptidylprolyl Isomerase ; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase (EC 5.2.1.8) ; PIN1 protein, human (EC 5.2.1.8)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1033980-2
    ISSN 1096-3650 ; 1044-579X
    ISSN (online) 1096-3650
    ISSN 1044-579X
    DOI 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.03.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Discovery of a potent Guanidine derivative that selectively binds and stabilizes the human BCL-2 G-quadruplex DNA and downregulates the transcription.

    Pandya, Nirali / Rani, Reshma / Kumar, Vinit / Kumar, Amit

    Gene

    2022  Volume 851, Page(s) 146975

    Abstract: G-quadruplex also known as G4 (GQ) structures, are a non-canonical kind of DNA or RNA secondary structure that may develop inside guanine-rich nucleic acid sequences. They may be found in a variety of locations in the human genome, such as gene promoters, ...

    Abstract G-quadruplex also known as G4 (GQ) structures, are a non-canonical kind of DNA or RNA secondary structure that may develop inside guanine-rich nucleic acid sequences. They may be found in a variety of locations in the human genome, such as gene promoters, 5' untranslated region, and telomeres, among others. Because of their significance in biology, G4 structures are recognized as promising pharmacological targets, particularly for therapeutics against cancer. This has led to the discovery of small molecules that can stabilize G4 structures. Small molecules that interact with quadruplexes offer a wide range of potential applications, including not just as medications but also as sensors for quadruplexes structures. The BCL-2 is a proto-oncogene that often gets mutated in lethal cancer and could be an interesting target for developing an anti-cancer drug. In the present study, we have employed various biophysical techniques such as fluorescence, CD, Isothermal calorimetry, gel retardation, and PCR stop assay, indicating that Guanidine derivatives GD-1 and GD-2 selectively interact with high affinity with BCL-2 GQ over other G-quadruplex DNA and duplex DNA. The most promising small molecule GD-1 increases the thermostability of the BCL-2 GQ structure by 12°C. Our biological experiments such as ROS generation, qRT-PCR, western blot, TFP based reporter assay, show that the GD-1 ligand causes a synthetic lethal interaction by suppressing the expression of BCL-2 genes via interaction and stabilization of its promoter GQ strucure in HeLa cells and act as a potential anti-cancer agent.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; G-Quadruplexes ; Genes, bcl-2 ; HeLa Cells ; Guanidine ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism ; DNA/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Guanidine (JU58VJ6Y3B) ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; DNA (9007-49-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-17
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 391792-7
    ISSN 1879-0038 ; 0378-1119
    ISSN (online) 1879-0038
    ISSN 0378-1119
    DOI 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146975
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Modeling Global COVID-19 Dissemination Data After the Emergence of Omicron Variant Using Multipronged Approaches.

    Yadav, Subhash Kumar / Kumar, Vinit / Akhter, Yusuf

    Current microbiology

    2022  Volume 79, Issue 9, Page(s) 286

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has followed a wave pattern, with an increase in new cases followed by a drop. Several factors influence this pattern, including vaccination efficacy over time, human behavior, infection management measures used, emergence of novel ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has followed a wave pattern, with an increase in new cases followed by a drop. Several factors influence this pattern, including vaccination efficacy over time, human behavior, infection management measures used, emergence of novel variants of SARS-CoV-2, and the size of the vulnerable population, among others. In this study, we used three statistical approaches to analyze COVID-19 dissemination data collected from 15 November 2021 to 09 January 2022 for the prediction of further spread and to determine the behavior of the pandemic in the top 12 countries by infection incidence at that time, namely Distribution Fitting, Time Series Modeling, and Epidemiological Modeling. We fitted various theoretical distributions to data sets from different countries, yielding the best-fit distribution for the most accurate interpretation and prediction of the disease spread. Several time series models were fitted to the data of the studied countries using the expert modeler to obtain the best fitting models. Finally, we estimated the infection rates (β), recovery rates (γ), and Basic Reproduction Numbers ([Formula: see text]) for the countries using the compartmental model SIR (Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered). Following more research on this, our findings may be validated and interpreted. Therefore, the most refined information may be used to develop the best policies for breaking the disease's chain of transmission by implementing suppressive measures such as vaccination, which will also aid in the prevention of future waves of infection.
    MeSH term(s) Basic Reproduction Number ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 134238-1
    ISSN 1432-0991 ; 0343-8651
    ISSN (online) 1432-0991
    ISSN 0343-8651
    DOI 10.1007/s00284-022-02985-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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