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Artikel ; Online: A reproducible method for extraction of Plasmodium falciparum DNA by microwave irradiation and its potential for rapid molecular diagnosis.

Jaturas, Narong / Onnoi, Naruemon / Kumar, Thulasi / Jie, Brandon Mong Guo / Onichandran, Subashini / Ponnampalavanar, Sasheela / Thanwisai, Aunchalee / Tan, Tian Chye / Sawangjaroen, Nongyao / Nissapatorn, Veeranoot

Tropical biomedicine

2021 Band 32, Heft 4, Seite(n) 753–760

Abstract: Malaria remains one of the most important communicable diseases. A rapid, simple and accurate method is a crucial part of malaria diagnosis. The aim of this study was to reevaluate the microwave irradiation method to extract DNA from Plasmodium ... ...

Abstract	Malaria remains one of the most important communicable diseases. A rapid, simple and accurate method is a crucial part of malaria diagnosis. The aim of this study was to reevaluate the microwave irradiation method to extract DNA from Plasmodium falciparum and compare with six other existing DNA extraction methods such as QIAamp DNA mini kit (Qiagen), FTA elute card, phenol-chloroform, Chelex, Chelex without proteinase-K and Rapid boiling. Two different P. falciparum isolates were used: (i) Laboratory strains with 0.3% parasitemia and (ii) clinical isolate with 0.6% parasitemia. Each DNA extraction method was validated for the presence of P. falciparum by a routine nested and real time PCR. In order to evaluate the sensitivity of the DNA extraction by microwave, double serial dilution of P. falciparum from in vitro culture at parasitemia that ranged from 0.0001 to 0.17% were used to extract the DNA by microwave and the P. falciparum DNA was then detected by nested and real-time PCR. The nested and real-time PCR were able to detect. P. falciparum DNA at the parasitemia level as low as 0.0003% and 0.0001%, respectively. Our results can reproduce the results from earlier studies and reveal microwave as a rapid and simple tool to extract P. falciparum DNA and subsequent molecular diagnosis of malaria.
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2021-02-04
Erscheinungsland	Malaysia
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1068371-9
ISSN	2521-9855 ; 0127-5720
ISSN (online)	2521-9855
ISSN	0127-5720
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing of human colorectal cancers and adjacent mucosa.

Mun Fai Loke / Eng Guan Chua / Han Ming Gan / Kumar Thulasi / Jane W Wanyiri / Iyadorai Thevambiga / Khean Lee Goh / Won Fen Wong / Jamuna Vadivelu

PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Iss 12, p e

2018 Band 0208584

Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked the third most common cancer in human worldwide. However, the exact mechanisms of CRC are not well established. Furthermore, there may be differences between mechanisms of CRC in the Asian and in the Western populations. ...

Abstract	Colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked the third most common cancer in human worldwide. However, the exact mechanisms of CRC are not well established. Furthermore, there may be differences between mechanisms of CRC in the Asian and in the Western populations. In the present study, we utilized a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomic approach supported by the 16S rRNA next-generation sequencing to investigate the functional and taxonomical differences between paired tumor and unaffected (normal) surgical biopsy tissues from 17 Malaysian patients. Metabolomic differences associated with steroid biosynthesis, terpenoid biosynthesis and bile metabolism could be attributed to microbiome differences between normal and tumor sites. The relative abundances of Anaerotruncus, Intestinimonas and Oscillibacter displayed significant relationships with both steroid biosynthesis and terpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis pathways. Metabolites involved in serotonergic synapse/ tryptophan metabolism (Serotonin and 5-Hydroxy-3-indoleacetic acid [5-HIAA]) were only detected in normal tissue samples. On the other hand, S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH), a metabolite involves in methionine metabolism and methylation, was frequently increased in tumor relative to normal tissues. In conclusion, this study suggests that local microbiome dysbiosis may contribute to functional changes at the cancer sites. Results from the current study also contributed to the list of metabolites that are found to differ between normal and tumor sites in CRC and supported our quest for understanding the mechanisms of carcinogenesis.
Schlagwörter	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
Verlag	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Dokumenttyp	Artikel ; Online
Datenquelle	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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Artikel ; Online: Author Correction

Julia L. Drewes / James R. White / Christine M. Dejea / Payam Fathi / Thevambiga Iyadorai / Jamuna Vadivelu / April C. Roslani / Elizabeth C. Wick / Emmanuel F. Mongodin / Mun Fai Loke / Kumar Thulasi / Han Ming Gan / Khean Lee Goh / Hoong Yin Chong / Sandip Kumar / Jane W. Wanyiri / Cynthia L. Sears

npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 1-

High-resolution bacterial 16S rRNA gene profile meta-analysis and biofilm status reveal common colorectal cancer consortia

2019 Band 1

Abstract: In this Article, in the section entitled ‘Quantitative real-time PCR’ within the Supplementary Methods, the probe for the Bacteroides fragilis 16S real-time PCR reaction was listed incorrectly as 5ʹHEX-AGGGACTGGAAGGCTTTACTGCTTC-3ʹBHQ1. The correct probe ... ...

Abstract	In this Article, in the section entitled ‘Quantitative real-time PCR’ within the Supplementary Methods, the probe for the Bacteroides fragilis 16S real-time PCR reaction was listed incorrectly as 5ʹHEX-AGGGACTGGAAGGCTTTACTGCTTC-3ʹBHQ1. The correct probe for Bacteroides fragilis 16S should be listed as 5ʹHEX-ACACGTATCCAACCTGCCCTTTACTCG-3ʹBHQ1. The mistake was a result of a copy and paste error with a different primer set targeting a B. fragilis toxin gene. All qPCR reactions were performed using the correct probe, and therefore no data were affected.
Schlagwörter	Microbial ecology ; QR100-130
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
Verlag	Nature Publishing Group
Dokumenttyp	Artikel ; Online
Datenquelle	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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Artikel ; Online: Toxoplasma infection in pregnant women: a current status in Songklanagarind hospital, southern Thailand.

Andiappan, Hemah / Nissapatorn, Veeranoot / Sawangjaroen, Nongyao / Chemoh, Waenurama / Lau, Yee Ling / Kumar, Thulasi / Onichandran, Subashini / Suwanrath, Chitkasaem / Chandeying, Verapol

Parasites & vectors

2014 Band 7, Seite(n) 239

Abstract: Background: Toxoplasmosis, being one of the TORCH's infections in pregnant women, is caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite. This parasitic infection in pregnancy congenitally causes severe outcomes to their fetus and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Toxoplasmosis, being one of the TORCH's infections in pregnant women, is caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite. This parasitic infection in pregnancy congenitally causes severe outcomes to their fetus and newborn. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and stages of Toxoplasma infection in pregnant women and its associated risks exposures. Methods: The study was conducted within the pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic (ANC) at Songklanagarind hospital, Hat Yai, Songkhla province, Thailand. The sera of a total of 760 consecutive pregnant women were screened using standard commercial ELISA kits for detection of anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies. IgG avidity in the seropositive for both anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies were also assessed. The pregnant women's socio-demographic, obstetrics and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma seropositivity data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: From the total 760 pregnant women, 190 (25%, 95% CI = 22.05-28.20) were positive for anti-Toxoplasma antibodies. Of these, 167 (22.0%, 95% CI = 19.0-25.0) were positive for only anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibody and 23 (3.0%, 95% CI = 2.0-4.0) were positive for both anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies. All these samples were high avidity, indicated the infection occured prior to four to five months. By applying statistical univariate analysis, age group, occupation and sources of drinking water showed a significant association with Toxoplasma seropositivity (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis further indicated that the significant factors associated with Toxoplasma seropositivity are age ≥26 (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.11-2.44), working as laborer (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.13-2.18) and drinking unclean (piped/tap/rain) water (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.08-2.84). Conclusion: The pregnant women in the active age group, working as laborers and exposure to unclean drinking water from various sources were at higher risk of Toxoplasma infection. Therefore, health education and the awareness of risk exposures regarding this parasitic disease are required to minimize the effects of this parasitic infection in pregnant women as well as in the general population.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Protozoan/blood ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Middle Aged ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/blood ; Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/epidemiology ; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic ; Risk Factors ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Thailand/epidemiology ; Toxoplasma/immunology ; Toxoplasmosis/epidemiology ; Young Adult
Chemische Substanzen	Antibodies, Protozoan ; Immunoglobulin G ; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2014-05-22
Erscheinungsland	England
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2409480-8
ISSN	1756-3305 ; 1756-3305
ISSN (online)	1756-3305
ISSN	1756-3305
DOI	10.1186/1756-3305-7-239
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel: Toxoplasma infection in pregnant women: a current status in Songklanagarind hospital, southern Thailand

Andiappan, Hemah / Nissapatorn, Veeranoot / Sawangjaroen, Nongyao / Chemoh, Waenurama / Lau, Yee Ling / Kumar, Thulasi / Onichandran, Subashini / Suwanrath, Chitkasaem / Chandeying, Verapol

Parasites & vectors. 2014 Dec., v. 7, no. 1

2014

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Toxoplasmosis, being one of the TORCH’s infections in pregnant women, is caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite. This parasitic infection in pregnancy congenitally causes severe outcomes to their fetus and ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Toxoplasmosis, being one of the TORCH’s infections in pregnant women, is caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite. This parasitic infection in pregnancy congenitally causes severe outcomes to their fetus and newborn. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and stages of Toxoplasma infection in pregnant women and its associated risks exposures. METHODS: The study was conducted within the pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic (ANC) at Songklanagarind hospital, Hat Yai, Songkhla province, Thailand. The sera of a total of 760 consecutive pregnant women were screened using standard commercial ELISA kits for detection of anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies. IgG avidity in the seropositive for both anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies were also assessed. The pregnant women’s socio-demographic, obstetrics and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma seropositivity data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: From the total 760 pregnant women, 190 (25%, 95% CI = 22.05-28.20) were positive for anti-Toxoplasma antibodies. Of these, 167 (22.0%, 95% CI = 19.0-25.0) were positive for only anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibody and 23 (3.0%, 95% CI = 2.0-4.0) were positive for both anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies. All these samples were high avidity, indicated the infection occured prior to four to five months. By applying statistical univariate analysis, age group, occupation and sources of drinking water showed a significant association with Toxoplasma seropositivity (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis further indicated that the significant factors associated with Toxoplasma seropositivity are age ≥26 (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.11-2.44), working as laborer (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.13-2.18) and drinking unclean (piped/tap/rain) water (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.08-2.84). CONCLUSION: The pregnant women in the active age group, working as laborers and exposure to unclean drinking water from various sources were at higher risk of Toxoplasma infection. Therefore, health education and the awareness of risk exposures regarding this parasitic disease are required to minimize the effects of this parasitic infection in pregnant women as well as in the general population.
Schlagwörter	Toxoplasma gondii ; antibodies ; drinking ; drinking water ; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ; fetus ; health education ; immunoglobulin G ; immunoglobulin M ; multivariate analysis ; neonates ; parasites ; pregnancy ; pregnant women ; rain ; regression analysis ; risk ; risk factors ; seroprevalence ; toxoplasmosis ; Thailand
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsverlauf	2014-12
Umfang	p. 1422.
Erscheinungsort	Springer-Verlag
Dokumenttyp	Artikel
ZDB-ID	2409480-8
ISSN	1756-3305
ISSN	1756-3305
DOI	10.1186/1756-3305-7-239
Datenquelle	NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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Artikel ; Online: High-resolution bacterial 16S rRNA gene profile meta-analysis and biofilm status reveal common colorectal cancer consortia

npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, Vol 3, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2017 Band 12

Abstract: Bowel cancer: Spotlight of suspicion on bacteria Many studies have found a link between gut microbes and bowel cancer, the third most common cancer worldwide. The details of the association, however, have remained elusive. Researchers in the USA and ... ...

Abstract	Bowel cancer: Spotlight of suspicion on bacteria Many studies have found a link between gut microbes and bowel cancer, the third most common cancer worldwide. The details of the association, however, have remained elusive. Researchers in the USA and Malaysia, led by Dr. Cynthia Sears at John Hopkins School of Medicine in Maryland, examined mucosal biofilm status by fluorescence microscopy and performed a meta-analysis of bacterial genetic associations in stool and colon tissues to clarify the connection. They found that bowel cancers were enriched in invasive bacterial biofilms as well as several specific gut and oral species, including one - Fusobacterium nucleatum - known to promote tumorigenesis in mouse models. Analyzing gut microbial populations might help assess bowel cancer risk. Further research is needed, however, to determine if these bacteria directly contribute to disease causality.
Schlagwörter	Microbial ecology ; QR100-130
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2017-11-01T00:00:00Z
Verlag	Nature Publishing Group
Dokumenttyp	Artikel ; Online
Datenquelle	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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Artikel: Comparative study on Toxoplasma infection between Malaysian and Myanmar pregnant women

Andiappan, Hemah / Nissapatorn, Veeranoot / Sawangjaroen, Nongyao / Nyunt, Myat Htut / Lau, Yee-Ling / Khaing, Si Lay / Aye, Khin Myo / Mon, Nan Cho Nwe / Tan, Tian-Chye / Kumar, Thulasi / Onichandran, Subashini / bin Mat Adenan, Noor Azmi

Parasites & vectors. 2014 Dec., v. 7, no. 1

2014

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, causes a disease called toxoplasmosis which can sometimes be acquired congenitally by a newborn from an infected mother. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, causes a disease called toxoplasmosis which can sometimes be acquired congenitally by a newborn from an infected mother. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma infection and its associated risks among 219 and 215 pregnant women from Malaysia and Myanmar, respectively. METHODS: Anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies were screened by using standard commercial ELISA kits. The socio-demographic, obstetrics and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma infection data were compared between the two countries. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of Toxoplasma infection in Malaysian pregnant women (42.47%; 95% CI = 36.11-49.09) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than Myanmar pregnant women (30.70%; 95% CI = 27.92-37.16). By univariate analysis, this study identified that age group, education, parity, awareness on toxoplasmosis and consumption of undercooked meat were significantly associated (p < 0.05) with Toxoplasma seropositive Malaysian pregnant women but none of these factors associated with Toxoplasma seropositive Myanmar pregnant women. In comparison using univariate analysis between the two countries, it was found that Toxoplasma seropositive Malaysian pregnant women was associated with aged 30 years and above, secondary or lower-secondary level of education, the third trimester of pregnancy, having one child or more, lacking awareness of toxoplasmosis, absence of bad obstetrics history, having no history of close contact with cats or soil, living on a farm and also consumption of undercooked meat, unpasterized milk or untreated water. Avidity measurement was used to confirm the stages of Toxoplasma infection in pregnant women who were positive for both IgG and IgM antibodies and found all were infected in the past. CONCLUSION: From our study, Toxoplasma screening and its risk measurement in pregnant women is firmly recommended for monitoring purposes and assisting proper management, including diagnosis and treatment during antenatal period. Also, it is necessary to initiate preventive measures for Toxoplasma infection among reproductive-age women in general and seronegative pregnant women in particular. Avidity measurement should be incorporated in Toxoplasma routine screening, especially with the availability of a single serum sample to assist in the diagnosis.
Schlagwörter	Toxoplasma gondii ; antibodies ; blood serum ; cats ; children ; educational status ; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ; farms ; immunoglobulin G ; immunoglobulin M ; meat ; milk ; monitoring ; neonates ; parasites ; pregnancy ; pregnant women ; risk ; risk factors ; risk screening ; screening ; seroprevalence ; soil ; toxoplasmosis ; Malaysia ; Myanmar
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsverlauf	2014-12
Umfang	p. 564.
Erscheinungsort	Springer-Verlag
Dokumenttyp	Artikel
ZDB-ID	2409480-8
ISSN	1756-3305
ISSN	1756-3305
DOI	10.1186/s13071-014-0564-9
Datenquelle	NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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Artikel: Waterborne parasites: a current status from the Philippines

Onichandran, Subashini / Kumar, Thulasi / Salibay, Cristina C / Dungca, Julieta Z / Tabo, Hazel AL / Tabo, Norbel / Tan, Tian-Chye / Lim, Yvonne AL / Sawangjaroen, Nongyao / Phiriyasamith, Sucheep / Andiappan, Hemah / Ithoi, Init / Lau, Yee-Ling / Nissapatorn, Veeranoot

Parasites & vectors. 2014 Dec., v. 7, no. 1

2014

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the amount of awareness created, waterborne disease still poses threat, especially in developing countries. Due to the scarcity of reported data on waterborne parasites, the consumption of unsafe water prolongs. Thus, the occurrences ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Despite the amount of awareness created, waterborne disease still poses threat, especially in developing countries. Due to the scarcity of reported data on waterborne parasites, the consumption of unsafe water prolongs. Thus, the occurrences of waterborne parasites from various samples were investigated from one of the Southeast Asian country, the Philippines. METHODS: A total of thirty three samples, each consisting of twelve liters, were collected and processed to obtain the sediment. Ten liters of sample each was processed to detect Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. using an immunomagnetic separation method prior to enumeration via fluorescence microscope. Meanwhile, the remaining two liters were cultured to detect Acanthamoeba and Naegleria through microscopy examination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. RESULTS: Twelve samples (36.4%) from river (5), swimming pool (1), pond (3), rain tank (1), and natural lake (2) were positive for Cryptosporidium spp., 17 (45.5%) samples from river (9), pond (2), swimming pool (1), rain tank (1), and natural lake (4) were positive for Giardia spp. while, 13 (33.3%) samples from river (3), swimming pool (2), pond (2), dispenser (1), well (1), tap (2) and natural lake (2) were positive for Acanthamoeba spp. and 5 (18.2%) samples from river (1), natural lake (1), tap (1), dispenser (1) and mineral (1) were Naegleria spp. positive. Physical parameters such as temperature, conductivity, total dissolved solid (TDS), salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, and turbidity and chemical parameters such as ammonia, chlorine, fluoride, nitrate and nitrite were also measured. The highest chemical contamination was observed at pond 2. A good correlation was observed between Giardia and nitrite (r = 0.736, p < 0.01) and Giardia and nitrate (r = 0.502, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study was aimed to create greater awareness of parasitic contamination in the water environment in the Philippines and also to act as a platform of the current scenario for policymakers as water pollution is a key health issue in this region.
Schlagwörter	Acanthamoeba ; Cryptosporidium ; Giardia ; Naegleria ; ammonia ; chlorine ; developing countries ; dissolved oxygen ; fluorescence ; immunomagnetic separation ; lakes ; microscopy ; nitrates ; parasites ; polymerase chain reaction ; rain ; rivers ; salinity ; sediments ; swimming ; temperature ; turbidity ; water pollution ; Philippines
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsverlauf	2014-12
Umfang	p. 1435.
Erscheinungsort	Springer-Verlag
Dokumenttyp	Artikel
ZDB-ID	2409480-8
ISSN	1756-3305
ISSN	1756-3305
DOI	10.1186/1756-3305-7-244
Datenquelle	NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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Artikel ; Online: Presence of Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia in water samples from Southeast Asia: towards an integrated water detection system.

Kumar, Thulasi / Abd Majid, Mohamad Azlan / Onichandran, Subashini / Jaturas, Narong / Andiappan, Hemah / Salibay, Cristina C / Tabo, Hazel A L / Tabo, Norbel / Dungca, Julieta Z / Tangpong, Jitbanjong / Phiriyasamith, Sucheep / Yuttayong, Boonyaorn / Polseela, Raxsina / Do, Binh Nhu / Sawangjaroen, Nongyao / Tan, Tian-Chye / Lim, Yvonne A L / Nissapatorn, Veeranoot

Infectious diseases of poverty

2016 Band 5, Seite(n) 3

Abstract: Background: Access to clean and safe drinking water that is free from pathogenic protozoan parasites, especially Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia that cause gastrointestinal illness in humans, is still an issue in Southeast Asia (SEA). This ... ...

Abstract	Background: Access to clean and safe drinking water that is free from pathogenic protozoan parasites, especially Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia that cause gastrointestinal illness in humans, is still an issue in Southeast Asia (SEA). This study is the first attempt to detect the aforementioned protozoan parasites in water samples from countries in SEA, using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays. Methods: A total of 221 water samples of 10 l each were collected between April and October 2013 from Malaysia (53), Thailand (120), the Philippines (33), and Vietnam (15). A physicochemical analysis was conducted. The water samples were processed in accordance with the US Environmental Protection Agency's methods 1622/1623.1, microscopically observed and subsequently screened using qPCR assays. Results: Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in treated water samples from the Philippines (1/10), with a concentration of 0.06 ± 0.19 oocyst/L, and untreated water samples from Thailand (25/93), Malaysia (17/44), and the Philippines (11/23), with concentrations ranging from 0.13 ± 0.18 to 0.57 ± 1.41 oocyst/L. Giardia cysts were found in treated water samples from the Philippines (1/10), with a concentration of 0.02 ± 0.06 cyst/L, and in untreated water samples from Thailand (20/93), Vietnam (5/10), Malaysia (22/44), and the Philippines (16/23), with concentrations ranging from 0.12 ± 0.3 to 8.90 ± 19.65 cyst/L. The pathogens C. parvum and G. lamblia were detected using using qPCR assays by targeting the 138-bp fragment and the small subunit gene, respectively. C. parvum was detected in untreated water samples from the Philippines (1/23) and Malaysia (2/44), whilst, G. lamblia detected was detected in treated water samples from the Philippines (1/10) and in untreated water samples from Thailand (21/93), Malaysia (12/44), and the Philippines (17/23). Nitrate concentration was found to have a high positive correlation with (oo)cyst (0.993). Conclusion: The presence of (oo)cysts in the water samples means that there is potential risk for zoonotic disease transmission in the studied countries. Detection using qPCR is feasible for quantifying both pathogenic C. parvum and G. lamblia in large water samples.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Asia, Southeastern ; Cryptosporidium parvum/classification ; Cryptosporidium parvum/genetics ; Cryptosporidium parvum/growth & development ; Cryptosporidium parvum/isolation & purification ; Drinking Water/chemistry ; Drinking Water/parasitology ; Giardia lamblia/classification ; Giardia lamblia/genetics ; Giardia lamblia/growth & development ; Giardia lamblia/isolation & purification ; Oocysts/classification ; Oocysts/growth & development ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Water Purification ; Water Quality
Chemische Substanzen	Drinking Water
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2016-01-13
Erscheinungsland	England
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2689396-4
ISSN	2049-9957 ; 2049-9957
ISSN (online)	2049-9957
ISSN	2049-9957
DOI	10.1186/s40249-016-0095-z
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Comparative study on Toxoplasma infection between Malaysian and Myanmar pregnant women.

Parasites & vectors

2014 Band 7, Seite(n) 564

Abstract: Background: Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, causes a disease called toxoplasmosis which can sometimes be acquired congenitally by a newborn from an infected mother. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, causes a disease called toxoplasmosis which can sometimes be acquired congenitally by a newborn from an infected mother. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma infection and its associated risks among 219 and 215 pregnant women from Malaysia and Myanmar, respectively. Methods: Anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies were screened by using standard commercial ELISA kits. The socio-demographic, obstetrics and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma infection data were compared between the two countries. Results: The overall prevalence of Toxoplasma infection in Malaysian pregnant women (42.47%; 95% CI = 36.11-49.09) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than Myanmar pregnant women (30.70%; 95% CI = 27.92-37.16). By univariate analysis, this study identified that age group, education, parity, awareness on toxoplasmosis and consumption of undercooked meat were significantly associated (p < 0.05) with Toxoplasma seropositive Malaysian pregnant women but none of these factors associated with Toxoplasma seropositive Myanmar pregnant women. In comparison using univariate analysis between the two countries, it was found that Toxoplasma seropositive Malaysian pregnant women was associated with aged 30 years and above, secondary or lower-secondary level of education, the third trimester of pregnancy, having one child or more, lacking awareness of toxoplasmosis, absence of bad obstetrics history, having no history of close contact with cats or soil, living on a farm and also consumption of undercooked meat, unpasterized milk or untreated water. Avidity measurement was used to confirm the stages of Toxoplasma infection in pregnant women who were positive for both IgG and IgM antibodies and found all were infected in the past. Conclusion: From our study, Toxoplasma screening and its risk measurement in pregnant women is firmly recommended for monitoring purposes and assisting proper management, including diagnosis and treatment during antenatal period. Also, it is necessary to initiate preventive measures for Toxoplasma infection among reproductive-age women in general and seronegative pregnant women in particular. Avidity measurement should be incorporated in Toxoplasma routine screening, especially with the availability of a single serum sample to assist in the diagnosis.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Antibodies, Protozoan/blood ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Immunoglobulin M/blood ; Malaysia/epidemiology ; Myanmar/epidemiology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Toxoplasmosis/blood ; Toxoplasmosis/epidemiology
Chemische Substanzen	Antibodies, Protozoan ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2014-12-12
Erscheinungsland	England
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2409480-8
ISSN	1756-3305 ; 1756-3305
ISSN (online)	1756-3305
ISSN	1756-3305
DOI	10.1186/s13071-014-0564-9
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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