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  1. Article ; Online: Developing models to predict feces and urine excretion in Japanese Black fattening steer by multiple regression analysis.

    Maeda, Yuka / Nishimura, Keiko / Terada, Fuminori / Kushibiki, Shiro

    Animal science journal = Nihon chikusan Gakkaiho

    2023  Volume 94, Issue 1, Page(s) e13874

    Abstract: The objective of this study was to develop models for predicting the amount of feces and urine excreted by Japanese Black fattening steer using a dataset of 119 digestion trials for a total of 46 animals. Correlation analysis was used to analyze the ... ...

    Abstract The objective of this study was to develop models for predicting the amount of feces and urine excreted by Japanese Black fattening steer using a dataset of 119 digestion trials for a total of 46 animals. Correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationships between feces and urine excretion and feed intake, feed digestibility, and nitrogen balance. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to develop models for predicting the amount of feces and urine excreted using the explanatory variables selected from various animal and dietary parameters based on P-value (<0.10) and variance inflation factor (<3.0). Resultingly, dry matter intake was a primary predictor of feces excreted. The prediction equation for the amount of feces excretion as a function of body weight, dry matter intake, and calculated total digestible nutrients fits the data well (adjusted coefficient of determination [adj R
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Digestion ; Feces/chemistry ; Body Fluids ; Diet/veterinary ; Regression Analysis ; Nitrogen/analysis ; Animal Feed/analysis
    Chemical Substances Nitrogen (N762921K75)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-18
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2095161-9
    ISSN 1740-0929 ; 1344-3941
    ISSN (online) 1740-0929
    ISSN 1344-3941
    DOI 10.1111/asj.13874
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  2. Article ; Online: Effects of crude protein and neutral detergent fiber percentages in the diet of Japanese Black steers on rumen fluid properties, blood biochemical properties, and carcass characteristics.

    Masaki, Tatsunori / Iwamoto, Eiji / Ikuta, Kentaro / Kushibiki, Shiro

    Animal science journal = Nihon chikusan Gakkaiho

    2023  Volume 94, Issue 1, Page(s) e13867

    Abstract: The effects of crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) percentages in the diet of Japanese Black steers on rumen fluid properties, blood biochemical properties, and carcass characteristics were examined. Twelve 13-month-old Japanese Black ... ...

    Abstract The effects of crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) percentages in the diet of Japanese Black steers on rumen fluid properties, blood biochemical properties, and carcass characteristics were examined. Twelve 13-month-old Japanese Black steers were used for this study and slaughtered at 30 months of age. Steers were assigned to a control group (n = 6) and test group (n = 6) and were fed a concentrate containing 12.9%-13.9% CP and 26.5%-29.8% NDF or 9.1%-9.6% CP and 29.9%-31.2% NDF, respectively. Lipopolysaccharide activity levels in rumen fluid were lower in the test group than in the control group. Plasma urea nitrogen concentration and activities of aspartate aminotransferase and γ-glutamyltransferase remained lower in the test group than in the control group. In contrast, plasma vitamin A concentrations remained higher in the test group than in the control group. Carcass characteristics did not significantly differ between the two groups. These results suggest that dietary CP and NDF percentages in feed for Japanese Black steers older than 13 months of age affected rumen fluid properties and blood biochemical properties, indicating a reduced load on the liver with a small effect on carcass characteristics.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Detergents/metabolism ; Rumen/metabolism ; Animal Feed/analysis ; Diet/veterinary ; Body Fluids/metabolism ; Dietary Fiber/metabolism ; Digestion
    Chemical Substances Detergents ; Dietary Fiber
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-01
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2095161-9
    ISSN 1740-0929 ; 1344-3941
    ISSN (online) 1740-0929
    ISSN 1344-3941
    DOI 10.1111/asj.13867
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  3. Article ; Online: Effects of pellet starch levels in automatic milking systems on rumen fermentation, plasma metabolites, and milk production in mid-lactation cows.

    Mizuguchi, Hitoshi / Eguchi, Norichika / Ikuta, Kentarou / Sato, Shigeru / Uyeno, Yutaka / Tan, Kei / Kushibiki, Shiro

    The Journal of veterinary medical science

    2024  

    Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the starch levels in pellets fed to cows in automatic milking systems (AMS) affect subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) occurrence and metabolite parameters. Twenty-four lactating cows (124.4 ± 49.9 days in milk) ...

    Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the starch levels in pellets fed to cows in automatic milking systems (AMS) affect subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) occurrence and metabolite parameters. Twenty-four lactating cows (124.4 ± 49.9 days in milk) were studied in a crossover design with two periods of 21 days each and two treatment groups-a control group fed AMS pellets containing 30.0% of starch dry matter (DM) and an experimental group fed AMS pellets containing 23.5% of starch DM. All cows received the same partial mixed ration (PMR). The 1-hr mean ruminal pH in both groups decreased over 4 hr after feeding on PMR but recovered by the next morning. The ruminal pH was unaffected by either treatment, and both groups developed SARA. The groups had no significant differences in the concentrations of ruminal volatile fatty acids, lipopolysaccharides, plasma acute-phase proteins, other metabolites, and hormones. The milk yield and composition were not different in both groups. Feeding low-starch pellets in the AMS did not contribute to the risk of SARA occurrence in cows and had no additive effects on rumen fermentation, plasma metabolites, or milk production.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-08
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1071753-5
    ISSN 1347-7439 ; 0916-7250
    ISSN (online) 1347-7439
    ISSN 0916-7250
    DOI 10.1292/jvms.23-0498
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  4. Article ; Online: Effect of anti-lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli antibody feeding for Holstein calves on ruminal lipopolysaccharide activity and plasma metabolites concentrations during pre- and post-weaning periods.

    Tan, Kei / Nishimura, Keiko / Umeda, Koji / Yamada, Kazunobu / Ikuta, Kentarou / Shingu, Hiroyuki / Kushibiki, Shiro

    The Journal of veterinary medical science

    2023  Volume 85, Issue 8, Page(s) 813–819

    Abstract: This study was performed to examine the effects of anti- lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Escherichia coli chicken egg Yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) provided to calves for 7 weeks during the pre- and post-weaning periods on rumen LPS activity, plasma acute phase ... ...

    Abstract This study was performed to examine the effects of anti- lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Escherichia coli chicken egg Yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) provided to calves for 7 weeks during the pre- and post-weaning periods on rumen LPS activity, plasma acute phase protein (APP) concentrations, and metabolic parameters. A total of 30 Holstein calves were randomly assigned to two groups of 15 each: an IgY group fed Anti-E. coli LPS IgY, and a control group fed whole egg powder as a placebo. The study was conducted on calves aged 3-10 weeks, weaned at 7 weeks. The ruminal LPS activity of the IgY group was approximately 60% lower than the control group at 10 weeks of age. Plasma APP and cytokine concentrations in the IgY group did not differ from those in the control group. The daily weight gain in the IgY group was significantly higher than the control group for the whole experimental period. Plasma albumin/globulin was lower (P<0.05), and plasma aspartate transferase concentration was higher (P<0.05) in the IgY group than in the control group during the experimental period. In conclusion, feeding Anti-E. coli LPS IgY for 7 weeks pre- and post-weaning remarkably reduced the rumen LPS activity and improved the daily weight gain. The impact of Anti-E. coli LPS IgY on LPS activities in the lower gastrointestinal tract, and elucidation as to the mechanism responsible for the improvement in daily weight gain require further investigation.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Diet/veterinary ; Lipopolysaccharides/metabolism ; Ovum ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; Weight Gain ; Animal Feed/analysis ; Rumen/metabolism ; Body Weight
    Chemical Substances Lipopolysaccharides ; Antibodies, Bacterial
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-22
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1071753-5
    ISSN 1347-7439 ; 0916-7250
    ISSN (online) 1347-7439
    ISSN 0916-7250
    DOI 10.1292/jvms.23-0145
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  5. Article ; Online: Effects of feeding wood kraft pulp silage containing sweet‐potato shochu distillery by‐product on feed intake, feed digestibility, rumen fermentation, blood components, and growth performance in Japanese Black fattening steers during early period

    Maeda, Yuka / Nishimura, Keiko / Kurosu, Kazuhiro / Mizuguchi, Hitoshi / Terada, Fuminori / Kushibiki, Shiro

    Animal Science Journal. 2022 Jan., v. 93, no. 1 p.e13772-

    2022  

    Abstract: The effects of long‐term feeding of wood kraft pulp (KP) silage containing sweet‐potato shochu distillery by‐product (SDP) on feed intake, feed digestibility, rumen fermentation, and growth performance of Japanese Black steers were investigated during ... ...

    Abstract The effects of long‐term feeding of wood kraft pulp (KP) silage containing sweet‐potato shochu distillery by‐product (SDP) on feed intake, feed digestibility, rumen fermentation, and growth performance of Japanese Black steers were investigated during the early fattening period. Ten Japanese Black steers (9.8 ± 0.6 months of age) were used in this study. Five steers (KP group) were fed KP silage as a replacement for 10% timothy hay (dry matter bases), in contrast to the other five (control group). KP silage consisted of 92.9% KP and 7.1% SDP (dry matter bases). The experiment was conducted for 18 weeks. No significant differences were observed in terms of feed intake, feed digestibility, or daily body weight gain between the groups. In addition, diurnal changes in the rumen pH and ruminal lipopolysaccharide activity did not differ between the groups. However, the plasma concentration of aspartate transaminase in the KP group was slightly lower (P = 0.078) than that in the control group. Thus, our study suggested that feeding KP silage does not reduce feed intake or affect the rumen fermentation or growth performance of Japanese Black fattening steer.
    Keywords Wagyu ; aspartate transaminase ; blood ; body weight changes ; byproducts ; digestibility ; feed intake ; fermentation ; growth performance ; hay ; kraft pulp ; lipopolysaccharides ; pH ; silage ; steers ; wood
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-01
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2095161-9
    ISSN 1740-0929 ; 1344-3941
    ISSN (online) 1740-0929
    ISSN 1344-3941
    DOI 10.1111/asj.13772
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  6. Article ; Online: Tumor necrosis factor-α-induced inflammatory responses in cattle.

    Kushibiki, Shiro

    Animal science journal = Nihon chikusan Gakkaiho

    2011  Volume 82, Issue 4, Page(s) 504–511

    Abstract: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is recognized as a cytokine because of its involvement in inflammation-mediated biological defense functions. Although TNF-α is primarily produced by macrophages, it is also produced by other cells, including ... ...

    Abstract Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is recognized as a cytokine because of its involvement in inflammation-mediated biological defense functions. Although TNF-α is primarily produced by macrophages, it is also produced by other cells, including lymphocytes, Kupffer cells, natural killer cells and adipocytes. While TNF-α has diverse immune system functions, including antitumor activity, antimicrobial activity and mediation of inflammation, it also regulates a number of physiological functions, including appetite, fever, energy metabolism and endocrine activity. Factors such as viruses, parasites, other cytokines, and endotoxins induce TNF-α production. In combination with other cytokines, TNF-α plays a clinically important role in cattle by mediating immune inflammatory responses such as mastitis and endotoxic shock. It has been reported that cytokines such as TNF-α are involved in metabolic disease such as acidosis. On the other hand, several data suggest that lactoferrin (LF) acts to prevent the release of a number of inflammatory mediators from various activated cells, and further suggest that the prophylactic effect of LF involves inhibition of cytokine production, including TNF-α, that are principal mediators of the inflammatory response leading to death from toxic shock. This review discusses the role of TNF-α in pathological conditions in cattle, including infections and metabolic diseases caused by perturbation of metabolism and endocrine functions.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle/physiology ; Cattle Diseases/physiopathology ; Endocrine Glands/physiology ; Female ; Inflammation/physiopathology ; Lactation/drug effects ; Metabolic Diseases/physiopathology ; Metabolic Diseases/veterinary ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/physiology
    Chemical Substances Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-08
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2095161-9
    ISSN 1740-0929 ; 1344-3941
    ISSN (online) 1740-0929
    ISSN 1344-3941
    DOI 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2011.00931.x
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  7. Article ; Online: Effects of feeding wood kraft pulp silage containing sweet-potato shochu distillery by-product on feed intake, feed digestibility, rumen fermentation, blood components, and growth performance in Japanese Black fattening steers during early period.

    Maeda, Yuka / Nishimura, Keiko / Kurosu, Kazuhiro / Mizuguchi, Hitoshi / Terada, Fuminori / Kushibiki, Shiro

    Animal science journal = Nihon chikusan Gakkaiho

    2022  Volume 93, Issue 1, Page(s) e13772

    Abstract: The effects of long-term feeding of wood kraft pulp (KP) silage containing sweet-potato shochu distillery by-product (SDP) on feed intake, feed digestibility, rumen fermentation, and growth performance of Japanese Black steers were investigated during ... ...

    Abstract The effects of long-term feeding of wood kraft pulp (KP) silage containing sweet-potato shochu distillery by-product (SDP) on feed intake, feed digestibility, rumen fermentation, and growth performance of Japanese Black steers were investigated during the early fattening period. Ten Japanese Black steers (9.8 ± 0.6 months of age) were used in this study. Five steers (KP group) were fed KP silage as a replacement for 10% timothy hay (dry matter bases), in contrast to the other five (control group). KP silage consisted of 92.9% KP and 7.1% SDP (dry matter bases). The experiment was conducted for 18 weeks. No significant differences were observed in terms of feed intake, feed digestibility, or daily body weight gain between the groups. In addition, diurnal changes in the rumen pH and ruminal lipopolysaccharide activity did not differ between the groups. However, the plasma concentration of aspartate transaminase in the KP group was slightly lower (P = 0.078) than that in the control group. Thus, our study suggested that feeding KP silage does not reduce feed intake or affect the rumen fermentation or growth performance of Japanese Black fattening steer.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Silage ; Fermentation ; Rumen/metabolism ; Solanum tuberosum ; Digestion ; Wood ; Ipomoea batatas ; Lipopolysaccharides/metabolism ; Diet/veterinary ; Eating ; Aspartate Aminotransferases/metabolism ; Animal Feed/analysis
    Chemical Substances Lipopolysaccharides ; Aspartate Aminotransferases (EC 2.6.1.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-18
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2095161-9
    ISSN 1740-0929 ; 1344-3941
    ISSN (online) 1740-0929
    ISSN 1344-3941
    DOI 10.1111/asj.13772
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  8. Article ; Online: Predicted functional analysis of rumen microbiota suggested the underlying mechanisms of the postpartum subacute ruminal acidosis in Holstein cows.

    Tsuchiya, Yoshiyuki / Chiba, Ena / Kimura, Atsushi / Kawashima, Kenji / Hasunuma, Toshiya / Kushibiki, Shiro / Kim, Yo-Han / Sato, Shigeru

    Journal of veterinary science

    2023  Volume 24, Issue 2, Page(s) e27

    Abstract: Background: The relationships between the postpartum subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) occurrence and predicted bacterial functions during the periparturient period are still not clear in Holstein cows.: Objectives: The present study was performed to ... ...

    Abstract Background: The relationships between the postpartum subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) occurrence and predicted bacterial functions during the periparturient period are still not clear in Holstein cows.
    Objectives: The present study was performed to investigate the alterations of rumen fermentation, bacterial community structure, and predicted bacterial functional pathways in Holstein cows.
    Methods: Holstein cows were divided into the SARA (n = 6) or non-SARA (n = 4) groups, depending on whether they developed SARA during the first 2 weeks after parturition. Reticulo-ruminal pH was measured continuously during the study period. Reticulo-ruminal fluid samples were collected 3 weeks prepartum, and 2 and 6 weeks postpartum, and blood samples were collected 3 weeks before, 0, 2, 4 and 6 weeks postpartum.
    Results: The postpartum decline in 7-day mean reticulo-ruminal pH was more severe and longer-lasting in the SARA group compared with the non-SARA group. Changes in predicted functional pathways were identified in the SARA group. A significant upregulation of pathway "PWY-6383" associated with Mycobacteriaceae species was identified at 3 weeks after parturition in the SARA group. Significantly identified pathways involved in denitrification (DENITRIFICATION-PWY and PWY-7084), detoxification of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (PWY1G-0), and starch degradation (PWY-622) in the SARA group were downregulated.
    Conclusions: The postpartum SARA occurrence is likely related to the predicted functions of rumen bacterial community rather than the alterations of rumen fermentation or fluid bacterial community structure. Therefore, our result suggests the underlying mechanisms, namely functional adaptation of bacterial community, causing postpartum SARA in Holstein cows during the periparturient period.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Cattle ; Animals ; Rumen/metabolism ; Diet/veterinary ; Cattle Diseases/microbiology ; Postpartum Period ; Acidosis/veterinary ; Acidosis/metabolism ; Microbiota ; Lactation/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-03
    Publishing country Korea (South)
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2125308-0
    ISSN 1976-555X ; 1976-555X
    ISSN (online) 1976-555X
    ISSN 1976-555X
    DOI 10.4142/jvs.22246
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  9. Article: Effects of wood kraft pulp feeding on feed digestibility and rumen fermentation of Japanese Black steer in the middle fattening stage

    Mizuguchi, Hitoshi / Maeda, Yuka / Nishimura, Keiko / Shinkura, Hiroshi / Kurosu, Kazuhiro / Terada, Fuminori / Kushibiki, Shiro

    Animal science journal =. 2021 Dec., v. 92, no. 1

    2021  

    Abstract: We investigated the effects of wood kraft pulp (KP) feeding on feed digestibility and rumen fermentation of Japanese Black (JB) steer in the middle fattening stage. The feeding experiment was carried out a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design using six ... ...

    Abstract We investigated the effects of wood kraft pulp (KP) feeding on feed digestibility and rumen fermentation of Japanese Black (JB) steer in the middle fattening stage. The feeding experiment was carried out a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design using six JB steers (16.2 ± 0.8 months of age). Steers were fed rice straw and three concentrated feeds: commercial formula feed (control), formula feed containing 7.5% KP on a dry matter (DM) basis (7.5% KP), and formula feed containing 15% KP on a DM basis (15% KP). Feed digestibility and rumen fermentation parameters were recorded for 3 days during the measurement period, after an adaptation phase of 11 days. There was no significant difference in DM intake per day among diets. A slightly higher digestibility of neutral detergent fiber was observed in steers fed 15% KP, compared with those fed other diets (P = 0.059). The butyric acid ratio in rumen fluid was higher in steers fed KP diets than in steers fed control (P = 0.083). The average ruminal pH was unaffected by KP diets. This study suggests that replacing 15% of concentrated feed with KP has little effect on feed digestibility and rumen fermentation in JB fattening steer.
    Keywords Wagyu ; butyric acid ; digestibility ; fermentation ; kraft pulp ; neutral detergent fiber ; pH ; rice straw ; steers ; wood
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-12
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2095161-9
    ISSN 1740-0929 ; 1344-3941
    ISSN (online) 1740-0929
    ISSN 1344-3941
    DOI 10.1111/asj.13589
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  10. Article ; Online: Effects of grazing adaptation on intake, ruminal fermentation, blood metabolites, and body weight change in dairy cows after turning out to pasture in early spring.

    Mitani, Tomohiro / Kubota, Tomoyo / Mizuguchi, Hitoshi / Kushibiki, Shiro / Ueda, Koichiro

    Animal science journal = Nihon chikusan Gakkaiho

    2020  Volume 91, Issue 1, Page(s) e13481

    Abstract: This study investigated the effect of adaptation to grazing in early spring on herbage intake, ruminal fermentation parameters, blood metabolite concentrations, and body weight change in dairy cows. The experiment was conducted on eight rumen-cannulated ... ...

    Abstract This study investigated the effect of adaptation to grazing in early spring on herbage intake, ruminal fermentation parameters, blood metabolite concentrations, and body weight change in dairy cows. The experiment was conducted on eight rumen-cannulated non-lactating cows in the early spring period. Four cows were adapted to grazing by stocking for 4 hr for 1 week (ADP group). The other cows were kept in a barn during the period (CON group). Then, both groups of cows were stocked together throughout a day on a 1 ha pasture for 3 weeks (experimental period). In the first week of the experimental period, compared to the CON group, the ADP group had a higher herbage intake, ruminal NH
    MeSH term(s) Adaptation, Physiological/physiology ; Ammonia/metabolism ; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/physiology ; Animals ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Body Weight ; Cattle/metabolism ; Cattle/physiology ; Eating/physiology ; Female ; Fermentation ; Herbivory/physiology ; Nitrogen/metabolism ; Rumen/metabolism ; Seasons ; Time Factors
    Chemical Substances Ammonia (7664-41-7) ; Nitrogen (N762921K75)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-12
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2095161-9
    ISSN 1740-0929 ; 1344-3941
    ISSN (online) 1740-0929
    ISSN 1344-3941
    DOI 10.1111/asj.13481
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