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  1. Article ; Online: Development has the answer: Unraveling psychiatric disorders via thalamocortical organoids.

    Leyva-Díaz, Eduardo / Wilson, Emily S / López-Bendito, Guillermina

    Cell stem cell

    2024  Volume 31, Issue 3, Page(s) 283–284

    Abstract: Dissecting the role of the thalamus in neuropsychiatric disorders requires new models to analyze complex genetic interactions. In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Shin et al. use patient-derived thalamocortical organoids to investigate 22q11.2 microdeletion ...

    Abstract Dissecting the role of the thalamus in neuropsychiatric disorders requires new models to analyze complex genetic interactions. In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Shin et al. use patient-derived thalamocortical organoids to investigate 22q11.2 microdeletion impact on thalamic development, revealing significant transcriptional dysregulation linked to psychiatric disorders.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cerebral Cortex ; Neural Pathways ; Mental Disorders/genetics ; Thalamus ; Organoids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2375354-7
    ISSN 1875-9777 ; 1934-5909
    ISSN (online) 1875-9777
    ISSN 1934-5909
    DOI 10.1016/j.stem.2024.02.008
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  2. Article ; Online: Building thalamic neuronal networks during mouse development.

    Huerga-Gómez, Irene / Martini, Francisco J / López-Bendito, Guillermina

    Frontiers in neural circuits

    2023  Volume 17, Page(s) 1098913

    Abstract: The thalamic nuclear complex contains excitatory projection neurons and inhibitory local neurons, the two cell types driving the main circuits in sensory nuclei. While excitatory neurons are born from progenitors that reside in the proliferative zone of ... ...

    Abstract The thalamic nuclear complex contains excitatory projection neurons and inhibitory local neurons, the two cell types driving the main circuits in sensory nuclei. While excitatory neurons are born from progenitors that reside in the proliferative zone of the developing thalamus, inhibitory local neurons are born outside the thalamus and they migrate there during development. In addition to these cell types, which occupy most of the thalamus, there are two small thalamic regions where inhibitory neurons target extra-thalamic regions rather than neighboring neurons, the intergeniculate leaflet and the parahabenular nucleus. Like excitatory thalamic neurons, these inhibitory neurons are derived from progenitors residing in the developing thalamus. The assembly of these circuits follows fine-tuned genetic programs and it is coordinated by extrinsic factors that help the cells find their location, associate with thalamic partners, and establish connections with their corresponding extra-thalamic inputs and outputs. In this review, we bring together what is currently known about the development of the excitatory and inhibitory components of the thalamocortical sensory system, in particular focusing on the visual pathway and thalamic interneurons in mice.
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Animals ; Neurons/physiology ; Thalamus/physiology ; Interneurons/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-03
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2452968-0
    ISSN 1662-5110 ; 1662-5110
    ISSN (online) 1662-5110
    ISSN 1662-5110
    DOI 10.3389/fncir.2023.1098913
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  3. Article ; Online: Development of the Thalamocortical Interactions: Past, Present and Future.

    López-Bendito, Guillermina

    Neuroscience

    2018  Volume 385, Page(s) 67–74

    Abstract: For the past two decades, we have advanced in our understanding of the mechanisms implicated in the formation of brain circuits. The connection between the cortex and thalamus has deserved much attention, as thalamocortical connectivity is crucial for ... ...

    Abstract For the past two decades, we have advanced in our understanding of the mechanisms implicated in the formation of brain circuits. The connection between the cortex and thalamus has deserved much attention, as thalamocortical connectivity is crucial for sensory processing and motor learning. Classical dye tracing studies in wild-type and knockout mice initially helped to characterize the developmental progression of this connectivity and revealed key transcription factors involved. With the recent advances in technical tools to specifically label subsets of projecting neurons, knock-down genes individually and/or modify their activity, the field has gained further understanding on the rules operating in thalamocortical circuit formation and plasticity. In this review, I will summarize the most relevant discoveries that have been made in this field, from development to early plasticity processes covering three major aspects: axon guidance, thalamic influence on sensory cortical specification, and the role of spontaneous thalamic activity. I will emphasize how the implementation of new tools has helped the field to progress and what I consider to be open questions and the perspective for the future.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Axons/physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology ; Interneurons/physiology ; Mice ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity/physiology ; Thalamus/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 196739-3
    ISSN 1873-7544 ; 0306-4522
    ISSN (online) 1873-7544
    ISSN 0306-4522
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.06.020
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  4. Article ; Online: Cross-Modal Plasticity in Brains Deprived of Visual Input Before Vision.

    López-Bendito, Guillermina / Aníbal-Martínez, Mar / Martini, Francisco J

    Annual review of neuroscience

    2022  Volume 45, Page(s) 471–489

    Abstract: Unimodal sensory loss leads to structural and functional changes in both deprived and nondeprived brain circuits. This process is broadly known as cross-modal plasticity. The evidence available indicates that cross-modal changes underlie the enhanced ... ...

    Abstract Unimodal sensory loss leads to structural and functional changes in both deprived and nondeprived brain circuits. This process is broadly known as cross-modal plasticity. The evidence available indicates that cross-modal changes underlie the enhanced performances of the spared sensory modalities in deprived subjects. Sensory experience is a fundamental driver of cross-modal plasticity, yet there is evidence from early-visually deprived models supporting an additional role for experience-independent factors. These experience-independent factors are expected to act early in development and constrain neuronal plasticity at later stages. Here we review the cross-modal adaptations elicited by congenital or induced visual deprivation prior to vision. In most of these studies, cross-modal adaptations have been addressed at the structural and functional levels. Here, we also appraise recent data regarding behavioral performance in early-visually deprived models. However, further research is needed to explore how circuit reorganization affects their function and what brings about enhanced behavioral performance.
    MeSH term(s) Brain ; Humans ; Neuronal Plasticity/physiology ; Sensory Deprivation/physiology ; Vision, Ocular
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 282459-0
    ISSN 1545-4126 ; 0147-006X
    ISSN (online) 1545-4126
    ISSN 0147-006X
    DOI 10.1146/annurev-neuro-111020-104222
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  5. Article: Mesoscale calcium imaging

    Guillamón-Vivancos, Teresa / Vandael, Dorien / Torres, Daniel / López-Bendito, Guillermina / Martini, Francisco J

    Frontiers in neuroscience

    2023  Volume 17, Page(s) 1210199

    Abstract: Calcium imaging is commonly used to visualize neural ... ...

    Abstract Calcium imaging is commonly used to visualize neural activity
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2411902-7
    ISSN 1662-453X ; 1662-4548
    ISSN (online) 1662-453X
    ISSN 1662-4548
    DOI 10.3389/fnins.2023.1210199
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  6. Article ; Online: Thalamic neuronal specification and early circuit formation.

    Gezelius, Henrik / López-Bendito, Guillermina

    Developmental neurobiology

    2017  Volume 77, Issue 7, Page(s) 830–843

    Abstract: The thalamus is a central structure of the brain, primarily recognized for the relay of incoming sensory and motor information to the cerebral cortex but also key in high order intracortical communication. It consists of glutamatergic projection neurons ... ...

    Abstract The thalamus is a central structure of the brain, primarily recognized for the relay of incoming sensory and motor information to the cerebral cortex but also key in high order intracortical communication. It consists of glutamatergic projection neurons organized in several distinct nuclei, each having a stereotype connectivity pattern and functional roles. In the adult, these nuclei can be appreciated by architectural boundaries, although their developmental origin and specification is only recently beginning to be revealed. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the specification of the distinct thalamic neurons and nuclei, starting from early embryonic patterning until the postnatal days when active sensory experience is initiated and the overall system connectivity is already established. We also include an overview of the guidance processes important for establishing thalamocortical connections, with emphasis on the early topographical specification. The extensively studied thalamocortical axon branching in the cortex is briefly mentioned; however, the maturation and plasticity of this connection are beyond the scope of this review. In separate chapters, additional mechanisms and/or features that influence the specification and development of thalamic neurons and their circuits are also discussed. Finally, an outlook of future directions is given. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 77: 830-843, 2017.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2256184-5
    ISSN 1932-846X ; 1097-4695 ; 1932-8451 ; 0022-3034
    ISSN (online) 1932-846X ; 1097-4695
    ISSN 1932-8451 ; 0022-3034
    DOI 10.1002/dneu.22460
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  7. Article ; Online: Spontaneous activity in developing thalamic and cortical sensory networks.

    Martini, Francisco J / Guillamón-Vivancos, Teresa / Moreno-Juan, Verónica / Valdeolmillos, Miguel / López-Bendito, Guillermina

    Neuron

    2021  Volume 109, Issue 16, Page(s) 2519–2534

    Abstract: Developing sensory circuits exhibit different patterns of spontaneous activity, patterns that are related to the construction and refinement of functional networks. During the development of different sensory modalities, spontaneous activity originates ... ...

    Abstract Developing sensory circuits exhibit different patterns of spontaneous activity, patterns that are related to the construction and refinement of functional networks. During the development of different sensory modalities, spontaneous activity originates in the immature peripheral sensory structures and in the higher-order central structures, such as the thalamus and cortex. Certainly, the perinatal thalamus exhibits spontaneous calcium waves, a pattern of activity that is fundamental for the formation of sensory maps and for circuit plasticity. Here, we review our current understanding of the maturation of early (including embryonic) patterns of spontaneous activity and their influence on the assembly of thalamic and cortical sensory networks. Overall, the data currently available suggest similarities between the developmental trajectory of brain activity in experimental models and humans, which in the future may help to improve the early diagnosis of developmental disorders.
    MeSH term(s) Action Potentials/physiology ; Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology ; Humans ; Neuronal Plasticity/physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Parietal Lobe/physiology ; Somatosensory Cortex/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 808167-0
    ISSN 1097-4199 ; 0896-6273
    ISSN (online) 1097-4199
    ISSN 0896-6273
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.06.026
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  8. Article ; Online: Editorial Overview: Developmental neuroscience (2018).

    Kolodkin, Alex L / López-Bendito, Guillermina

    Current opinion in neurobiology

    2018  Volume 53, Page(s) iii–vi

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Nervous System/growth & development ; Neurosciences
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-10-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial ; Introductory Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1078046-4
    ISSN 1873-6882 ; 0959-4388
    ISSN (online) 1873-6882
    ISSN 0959-4388
    DOI 10.1016/j.conb.2018.10.010
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  9. Article ; Online: Developmental interactions between thalamus and cortex: a true love reciprocal story.

    Antón-Bolaños, Noelia / Espinosa, Ana / López-Bendito, Guillermina

    Current opinion in neurobiology

    2018  Volume 52, Page(s) 33–41

    Abstract: The developmental programs that control the specification of cortical and thalamic territories are maintained largely as independent processes. However, bulk of evidence demonstrates the requirement of the reciprocal interactions between cortical and ... ...

    Abstract The developmental programs that control the specification of cortical and thalamic territories are maintained largely as independent processes. However, bulk of evidence demonstrates the requirement of the reciprocal interactions between cortical and thalamic neurons as key for the correct development of functional thalamocortical circuits. This reciprocal loop of connections is essential for sensory processing as well as for the execution of complex sensory-motor tasks. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of how mutual collaborations between both brain regions define area patterning and cell differentiation in the thalamus and cortex.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Body Patterning/physiology ; Cell Differentiation/physiology ; Cerebral Cortex/growth & development ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology ; Humans ; Neurons/metabolism ; Neurons/physiology ; Thalamus/growth & development ; Thalamus/metabolism ; Thalamus/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1078046-4
    ISSN 1873-6882 ; 0959-4388
    ISSN (online) 1873-6882
    ISSN 0959-4388
    DOI 10.1016/j.conb.2018.04.018
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  10. Article ; Online: Input-dependent segregation of visual and somatosensory circuits in the mouse superior colliculus.

    Guillamón-Vivancos, Teresa / Aníbal-Martínez, Mar / Puche-Aroca, Lorenzo / Moreno-Bravo, Juan Antonio / Valdeolmillos, Miguel / Martini, Francisco J / López-Bendito, Guillermina

    Science (New York, N.Y.)

    2022  Volume 377, Issue 6608, Page(s) 845–850

    Abstract: Whereas sensory perception relies on specialized sensory pathways, it is unclear whether these pathways originate as modality-specific circuits. We demonstrated that somatosensory and visual circuits are not by default segregated but require the earliest ...

    Abstract Whereas sensory perception relies on specialized sensory pathways, it is unclear whether these pathways originate as modality-specific circuits. We demonstrated that somatosensory and visual circuits are not by default segregated but require the earliest retinal activity to do so. In the embryo, somatosensory and visual circuits are intermingled in the superior colliculus, leading to cortical multimodal responses to whisker pad stimulation. At birth, these circuits segregate, and responses switch to unimodal. Blocking stage I retinal waves prolongs the multimodal configuration into postnatal life, with the superior colliculus retaining a mixed somato-visual molecular identity and defects arising in the spatial organization of the visual system. Hence, the superior colliculus mediates the timely segregation of sensory modalities in an input-dependent manner, channeling specific sensory cues to their appropriate sensory pathway.
    MeSH term(s) Afferent Pathways ; Animals ; Cues ; Mice ; Superior Colliculi/physiology ; Vibrissae ; Vision, Ocular/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 128410-1
    ISSN 1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
    ISSN (online) 1095-9203
    ISSN 0036-8075
    DOI 10.1126/science.abq2960
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