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Article ; Online: Hiding in Plain View: Cholera in Bangladesh.

Harris, Jason B / Larocque, Regina C

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

2019 Volume 71, Issue 7, Page(s) 1643–1644

MeSH term(s)	Administration, Oral ; Bangladesh/epidemiology ; Cholera/epidemiology ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Vibrio cholerae
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1099781-7
ISSN	1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
ISSN (online)	1537-6591
ISSN	1058-4838
DOI	10.1093/cid/ciz1079
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Article ; Online: Impact of a human gut microbe on

Barrasso, Kelsey / Chac, Denise / Debela, Meti D / Geigel, Catherine / Steenhaut, Anjali / Rivera Seda, Abigail / Dunmire, Chelsea N / Harris, Jason B / Larocque, Regina C / Midani, Firas S / Qadri, Firdausi / Yan, Jing / Weil, Ana A / Ng, Wai-Leung

eLife

2022 Volume 11

Abstract: Recent studies indicate that the human intestinal microbiota could impact the outcome of infection ... ...

Abstract	Recent studies indicate that the human intestinal microbiota could impact the outcome of infection by
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biofilms ; Cholera/microbiology ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans ; Mice ; Vibrio cholerae ; Virulence
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2687154-3
ISSN	2050-084X ; 2050-084X
ISSN (online)	2050-084X
ISSN	2050-084X
DOI	10.7554/eLife.73010
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Article ; Online: Long-term sialidase-specific immune responses after natural infection with cholera: Findings from a longitudinal cohort study in Bangladesh.

Chowdhury, Fahima / Akter, Afroza / Bhuiyan, Taufiqur Rahman / Biswas, Rajib / Firoj, Md Golam / Tauheed, Imam / Harris, Jason B / Larocque, Regina C / Ross, Allen G / McMillan, Nigel A J / Charles, Richelle C / Ryan, Edward T / Calderwood, Stephen B / Qadri, Firdausi

Frontiers in immunology

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 1067737

Abstract: Background: Immune responses that target sialidase occur following natural cholera and have been associated with protection against cholera. Sialidase is a neuraminidase that facilitates the binding of cholera toxin (CT) to intestinal epithelial cells. ... ...

Abstract	Background: Immune responses that target sialidase occur following natural cholera and have been associated with protection against cholera. Sialidase is a neuraminidase that facilitates the binding of cholera toxin (CT) to intestinal epithelial cells. Despite this, little is known about age-related sialidase-specific immune responses and the impact of nutritional status and co-infection on sialidase-specific immunity. Methods: We enrolled 50 culture-confirmed Results: This longitudinal cohort study showed age-dependent differences in anti-sialidase immune response after natural cholera infection. Adult patients developed plasma anti-sialidase IgA and IgG responses after acute infection (P<0.05), which gradually decreased from day 30 on. In children, no significant anti-sialidase IgA, IgM, and IgG response was seen with the exception of a late IgG response at study day 540 (p=0.05 compared to adults). There was a correlation between anti-sialidase IgA with vibriocidal titers, as well as anti-sialidase IgA and IgG with anti-LPS and anti-CtxB antibody responses in adult patients, whereas in children, a significant positive correlation was seen only between anti-sialidase IgA and CtxB IgA responses. Stunted children showed significantly lower anti-sialidase IgA, IgG, and IgM antibody responses and higher LPS IgG and IgM antibody responses than healthy children. The anti-sialidase IgA and IgG responses were significantly higher in cases with concomitant parasitic infection. Conclusion: Our data suggest that cholera patients develop age-distinct systemic and mucosal immune responses against sialidase. The stunted children have a lower anti-sialidase antibody response which may be associated with gut enteropathy and the neuraminidase plays an important role in augmented immune response in cholera patients infected with parasites.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Cholera ; Neuraminidase ; Longitudinal Studies ; Bangladesh ; Coinfection ; B-Lymphocytes ; Immunologic Memory ; Immunoglobulin G ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Cohort Studies ; Cholera Toxin ; Immunoglobulin M ; Immunoglobulin A
Chemical Substances	Neuraminidase (EC 3.2.1.18) ; Immunoglobulin G ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Cholera Toxin (9012-63-9) ; Immunoglobulin M ; Immunoglobulin A
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2022.1067737
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Article ; Online: In the clinic. Travel medicine.

Schwartz, Brian S / Larocque, Regina C / Ryan, Edward T

Annals of internal medicine

2012 Volume 156, Issue 11, Page(s) ITC6–1, ITC6–2, ITC6–3, ITC6–4, ITC6–5, ITC6–6, ITC6–7, ITC6–8, ITC6–9, ITC6–10, ITC6–11, ITC6–12, ITC6–13, ITC6–14, ITC6–15; quiz ITC6–16

Abstract: The content of In the Clinic is drawn from the clinical information and education resources of the American College of Physicians (ACP), including PIER (Physicians’ Information and Education Resource) and MKSAP (Medical Knowledge and Self- Assessment ... ...

Abstract	The content of In the Clinic is drawn from the clinical information and education resources of the American College of Physicians (ACP), including PIER (Physicians’ Information and Education Resource) and MKSAP (Medical Knowledge and Self- Assessment Program). Annals of Internal Medicine editors develop In the Clinic from these primary sources in collaboration with the ACP’s Medical Education and Publishing divisions and with the assistance of science writers and physician writers. Editorial consultants from PIER and MKSAP provide expert review of the content. Readers who are interested in these primary resources for more detail can consult http://pier.acponline.org, http://www.acponline.org/products_services/mksap/15/?pr31, and other resources referenced in each issue of In the Clinic.
MeSH term(s)	Accidents, Traffic/prevention & control ; Communicable Disease Control ; Counseling ; Environmental Illness/prevention & control ; Health Status ; Humans ; Immunization ; Insect Bites and Stings/prevention & control ; Patient Education as Topic ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Travel Medicine ; Vaccination
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-06-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Review
ZDB-ID	336-0
ISSN	1539-3704 ; 0003-4819
ISSN (online)	1539-3704
ISSN	0003-4819
DOI	10.7326/0003-4819-156-11-201206050-01006
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Article ; Online: Cholera in pregnancy: Clinical and immunological aspects.

Khan, Ashraful I / Chowdhury, Fahima / Leung, Daniel T / Larocque, Regina C / Harris, Jason B / Ryan, Edward T / Calderwood, Stephen B / Qadri, Firdausi

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases

2015 Volume 39, Page(s) 20–24

Abstract: Background: The objective of this study was to examine the clinical and immunological features of cholera in pregnancy.: Methods: Women of reproductive age presenting to the icddr,b Dhaka hospital with cholera, and enrolled as part of a larger cohort ...

Abstract	Background: The objective of this study was to examine the clinical and immunological features of cholera in pregnancy. Methods: Women of reproductive age presenting to the icddr,b Dhaka hospital with cholera, and enrolled as part of a larger cohort study, were tested for pregnancy on admission. We compared initial clinical features and immune responses of pregnant patients with non-pregnant female patients at days 2, 7 and 21 after infection. Results: Among reproductive age women enrolled between January 2001 and May 2006, 9.7% (14/144) were pregnant. The duration of diarrhoea prior to admission tended to be higher in pregnant compared to non-pregnant patients (p=0.08), but other clinical characteristics did not differ. Antibody responses to cholera toxin B subunit (CtxB), toxin-coregulated pilus A (TcpA), Vibrio cholerae lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and serum vibriocidal antibody responses, were comparable between pregnant and non-pregnant patients. There were no deaths among the pregnant cases or non-pregnant controls, and no adverse foetal outcomes, including stillbirths, during 21 days of follow up of pregnant cases. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first report of immune responses in pregnant women with cholera. We found that pregnant woman early in pregnancy has comparable clinical illness and subsequent immune responses compared to non-pregnant women. These findings suggest that the evaluation of safety and immunogenicity of oral cholera vaccines in pregnancy should be an area of future investigations.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Bacterial/blood ; Bangladesh ; Cholera/diagnosis ; Cholera/immunology ; Cholera Toxin/immunology ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Fimbriae Proteins/immunology ; Humans ; Lipopolysaccharides/immunology ; Middle Aged ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/diagnosis ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/immunology ; Prospective Studies ; Vibrio cholerae/immunology ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Bacterial ; Lipopolysaccharides ; TcpA protein, Vibrio cholerae ; Fimbriae Proteins (147680-16-8) ; Cholera Toxin (9012-63-9)
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-08-14
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1331197-9
ISSN	1878-3511 ; 1201-9712
ISSN (online)	1878-3511
ISSN	1201-9712
DOI	10.1016/j.ijid.2015.08.006
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Article ; Online: Cholera's western front.

Harris, Jason B / Larocque, Regina C / Charles, Richelle C / Mazumder, Ramendra N / Khan, Azharul I / Bardhan, Pradip K

Lancet (London, England)

2010 Volume 376, Issue 9757, Page(s) 1961–1965

MeSH term(s)	Administration, Oral ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Caribbean Region/epidemiology ; Cholera/diagnosis ; Cholera/epidemiology ; Cholera/mortality ; Cholera/therapy ; Cholera/transmission ; Disease Outbreaks/statistics & numerical data ; Doxycycline/therapeutic use ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Erythromycin/therapeutic use ; Fluid Therapy/methods ; Global Health ; Haiti/epidemiology ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Latin America/epidemiology ; Pandemics/statistics & numerical data ; Public Health/standards ; Public Health/statistics & numerical data ; Rehydration Solutions/administration & dosage ; Sanitation/standards ; Tetracycline/therapeutic use ; Vibrio cholerae O1/isolation & purification ; Water Supply/standards ; World Health Organization
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Rehydration Solutions ; Erythromycin (63937KV33D) ; Tetracycline (F8VB5M810T) ; Doxycycline (N12000U13O)
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-11-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3306-6
ISSN	1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
ISSN (online)	1474-547X
ISSN	0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
DOI	10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62172-1
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Article ; Online: Plasma Leptin Levels in Children Hospitalized with Cholera in Bangladesh.

Falkard, Brie / Uddin, Taher / Rahman, M Arifur / Franke, Molly F / Aktar, Amena / Uddin, Muhammad Ikhtear / Bhuiyan, Taufiqur Rahman / Leung, Daniel T / Charles, Richelle C / Larocque, Regina C / Harris, Jason B / Calderwood, Stephen B / Qadri, Firdausi / Ryan, Edward T

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene

2015 Volume 93, Issue 2, Page(s) 244–249

Abstract: Vibrio cholerae, the cause of cholera, induces both innate and adaptive immune responses in infected humans. Leptin is a hormone that plays a role in both metabolism and mediating immune responses. We characterized leptin levels in 11 children with ... ...

Abstract	Vibrio cholerae, the cause of cholera, induces both innate and adaptive immune responses in infected humans. Leptin is a hormone that plays a role in both metabolism and mediating immune responses. We characterized leptin levels in 11 children with cholera in Bangladesh, assessing leptin levels on days 2, 7, 30, and 180 following cholera. We found that patients at the acute stage of cholera had significantly lower plasma leptin levels than matched controls, and compared with levels in late convalescence. We then assessed immune responses to V. cholerae antigens in 74 children with cholera, correlating these responses to plasma leptin levels on day 2 of illness. In multivariate analysis, we found an association between day 2 leptin levels and development of later anti-cholera toxin B subunit (CtxB) responses. This finding appeared to be limited to children with better nutritional status. Interestingly, we found no association between leptin levels and antibody responses to V. cholerae lipopolysaccharide, a T cell-independent antigen. Our results suggest that leptin levels may be associated with cholera, including the development of immune responses to T cell-dependent antigens.
MeSH term(s)	Antibodies, Bacterial/blood ; Bangladesh ; Child, Preschool ; Cholera/blood ; Cholera Toxin/immunology ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A/blood ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Infant ; Leptin/blood ; Lipopolysaccharides/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Vibrio cholerae O1/isolation & purification
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Bacterial ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Leptin ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Cholera Toxin (9012-63-9)
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-06-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2942-7
ISSN	1476-1645 ; 0002-9637
ISSN (online)	1476-1645
ISSN	0002-9637
DOI	10.4269/ajtmh.15-0172
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Article ; Online: Comparison of clinical features and immunological parameters of patients with dehydrating diarrhoea infected with Inaba or Ogawa serotypes of Vibrio cholerae O1.

Khan, Ashraful I / Chowdhury, Fahima / Harris, Jason B / Larocque, Regina C / Faruque, Abu S G / Ryan, Edward T / Calderwood, Stephen B / Qadri, Firdausi

Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases

2009 Volume 42, Issue 1, Page(s) 48–56

Abstract: Vibrio cholerae O1, Ogawa and Inaba serotypes, both cause severe cholera. We compared clinical and immunological features in patients in Bangladesh infected with these 2 serotypes. Blood was collected from hospitalized Ogawa (N=146) or Inaba (N=191) ... ...

Abstract	Vibrio cholerae O1, Ogawa and Inaba serotypes, both cause severe cholera. We compared clinical and immunological features in patients in Bangladesh infected with these 2 serotypes. Blood was collected from hospitalized Ogawa (N=146) or Inaba (N=191) patients at the acute stage (day 2) and 5 and 19 days later. Ogawa patients were younger than Inaba, presented with shorter duration of diarrhoea, and had more frequent abdominal pain, vomiting and need for intravenous fluids (p<0.05). Inaba patients more frequently had dark-field positive stools (p<0.01). Inaba strains were more susceptible to tetracycline and erythromycin than Ogawa strains (p<0.001). Ogawa infection produced higher plasma vibriocidal as well as IgG responses to cholera toxin B subunit, toxin-coregulated pilus subunit and lipopolysaccharide (LPS); higher IgA responses to LPS in 'antibody in lymphocyte supernatant' (ALS) specimens were also seen. These results suggest that a cholera vaccine based on the Ogawa serotype needs to be further investigated.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Antibodies, Bacterial/blood ; Bangladesh ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cholera/complications ; Cholera/immunology ; Cholera/microbiology ; Cholera/pathology ; Cholera Toxin/immunology ; Dehydration/etiology ; Dehydration/pathology ; Erythromycin/pharmacology ; Feces/microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Infant ; Lipopolysaccharides/immunology ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Microbial Viability ; Middle Aged ; Serotyping ; Tetracycline/pharmacology ; Vibrio cholerae O1/classification ; Vibrio cholerae O1/drug effects ; Vibrio cholerae O1/immunology ; Vibrio cholerae O1/isolation & purification ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; Immunoglobulin G ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Erythromycin (63937KV33D) ; Cholera Toxin (9012-63-9) ; Tetracycline (F8VB5M810T)
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-10-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	390956-6
ISSN	1651-1980 ; 0036-5548
ISSN (online)	1651-1980
ISSN	0036-5548
DOI	10.3109/00365540903289688
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Article ; Online: Immunoproteomic analysis of antibody in lymphocyte supernatant in patients with typhoid fever in Bangladesh.

Charles, Richelle C / Liang, Li / Khanam, Farhana / Sayeed, M Abu / Hung, Chris / Leung, Daniel T / Baker, Stephen / Ludwig, Albrecht / Harris, Jason B / Larocque, Regina C / Calderwood, Stephen B / Qadri, Firdausi / Felgner, Philip L / Ryan, Edward T

Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI

2013 Volume 21, Issue 3, Page(s) 280–285

Abstract: We have previously shown that an assay based on detection of anti-Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi antibodies in supernatant of lymphocytes harvested from patients presenting with typhoid fever (antibody in lymphocyte supernatant [ALS] assay) can ... ...

Abstract	We have previously shown that an assay based on detection of anti-Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi antibodies in supernatant of lymphocytes harvested from patients presenting with typhoid fever (antibody in lymphocyte supernatant [ALS] assay) can identify 100% of patients with blood culture-confirmed typhoid fever in Bangladesh. In order to define immunodominant proteins within the S. Typhi membrane preparation used as antigen in these prior studies and to identify potential biomarkers unique to S. Typhi bacteremic patients, we probed microarrays containing 2,724 S. Typhi proteins with ALS collected at the time of clinical presentation from 10 Bangladeshis with acute typhoid fever. We identified 62 immunoreactive antigens when evaluating both the IgG and IgA responses. Immune responses to 10 of these antigens discriminated between individuals with acute typhoid infection and healthy control individuals from areas where typhoid infection is endemic, as well as Bangladeshi patients presenting with fever who were subsequently confirmed to have a nontyphoid illness. Using an ALS enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) format and purified antigen, we then confirmed that immune responses against the antigen with the highest immunoreactivity (hemolysin E [HlyE]) correctly identified individuals with acute typhoid or paratyphoid fever in Dhaka, Bangladesh. These observations suggest that purified antigens could be used with ALS and corresponding acute-phase activated B lymphocytes in diagnostic platforms to identify acutely infected patients, even in areas where enteric fever is endemic.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Bacterial/analysis ; Antigens, Bacterial ; Bangladesh ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A/analysis ; Immunoglobulin G/analysis ; Infant ; Lymphocytes/immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Protein Array Analysis ; Proteome/analysis ; Salmonella typhi/immunology ; Typhoid Fever/diagnosis ; Typhoid Fever/immunology ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Bacterial ; Antigens, Bacterial ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Proteome
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-12-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2221082-9
ISSN	1556-679X ; 1556-6811
ISSN (online)	1556-679X
ISSN	1556-6811
DOI	10.1128/CVI.00661-13
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Article ; Online: Frequency of reexposure to Vibrio cholerae O1 evaluated by subsequent vibriocidal titer rise after an episode of severe cholera in a highly endemic area in Bangladesh.

Weil, Ana A / Chowdhury, Fahima / Khan, Ashraful I / Leung, Daniel T / Uddin, Taher / Begum, Yasmin Ara / Saha, Nirod Chandra / Charles, Richelle C / Larocque, Regina C / Harris, Jason B / Ryan, Edward T / Qadri, Firdausi / Calderwood, Stephen B

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene

2012 Volume 87, Issue 5, Page(s) 921–926

Abstract: Vibriocidal antibody is a marker of recent exposure to Vibrio cholerae O1 infection. We examined vibriocidal titers for 1 year after an episode of severe cholera in patients in Dhaka, Bangladesh; 16 of 53 (30%) patients had a fourfold or greater increase ...

Abstract	Vibriocidal antibody is a marker of recent exposure to Vibrio cholerae O1 infection. We examined vibriocidal titers for 1 year after an episode of severe cholera in patients in Dhaka, Bangladesh; 16 of 53 (30%) patients had a fourfold or greater increase in vibriocidal titer between 6 and 12 months after an episode of severe cholera, suggesting reexposure to the organism. Among patients with rises in titers during follow-up, the patients initially infected with serotype Ogawa had earlier rises in titer than the patients initially infected with serotype Inaba. These data and others suggest that an episode of severe cholera protects against symptomatic disease for several years, but reexposure to the organism occurs frequently in an endemic area, with immunological boosts beginning as early as 6 months after severe disease. Repeated exposures to V. cholerae in endemic areas may be a necessary component for long-lasting protection against severe disease.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Bangladesh/epidemiology ; Child ; Cholera/epidemiology ; Cholera/immunology ; Cholera/microbiology ; Colony Count, Microbial ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Vibrio cholerae/isolation & purification
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-09-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2942-7
ISSN	1476-1645 ; 0002-9637
ISSN (online)	1476-1645
ISSN	0002-9637
DOI	10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0323
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