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  1. Article ; Online: Microaeration promotes volatile siloxanes conversion to methane and simpler monomeric products.

    Ortiz-Ardila, A E / Celis, C / Usack, J G / Angenent, L T / Labatut, R A

    Bioresource technology

    2024  Volume 400, Page(s) 130673

    Abstract: The ubiquitous use of volatile siloxanes in a myriad of product formulations has led to a widespread distribution of these persistent contaminants in both natural ecosystems and wastewater treatment plants. Microbial degradation under microaerobic ... ...

    Abstract The ubiquitous use of volatile siloxanes in a myriad of product formulations has led to a widespread distribution of these persistent contaminants in both natural ecosystems and wastewater treatment plants. Microbial degradation under microaerobic conditions is a promising approach to mitigate D4 and D5 siloxanes while recovering energy in wastewater treatment plants. This study examined D4/D5 siloxanes biodegradation under both anaerobic and microaerobic conditions ( [Formula: see text]  = 0, 1, 3 %) using wastewater sludge. Results show that the use of microaeration in an otherwise strictly anaerobic environment significantly enhances siloxane conversion to methane. 16S rRNA gene sequencing identified potential degraders, including Clostridium lituseburense, Clostridium bifermentans and Synergistales species. Furthermore, chemical analysis suggested a stepwise siloxane conversion preceding methanogenesis under microaerobic conditions. This study demonstrates the feasibility of microaerobic siloxane biodegradation, laying groundwork for scalable removal technologies in wastewater treatment plants, ultimately highlighting the importance of using bio-based approaches in tackling persistent pollutants.
    MeSH term(s) Siloxanes/metabolism ; Methane/metabolism ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Sewage/microbiology ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics ; Aerobiosis ; Wastewater/chemistry ; Volatilization
    Chemical Substances Siloxanes ; Methane (OP0UW79H66) ; Sewage ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Wastewater
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1065195-0
    ISSN 1873-2976 ; 0960-8524
    ISSN (online) 1873-2976
    ISSN 0960-8524
    DOI 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130673
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Z 3258: Show issues

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  2. Article: Culture of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) juveniles using shallow raceways tanks and recirculation

    Labatut, R.A / Olivares, J.F

    Aquacultural engineering. 2004 Dec., v. 32, issue 1

    2004  

    Abstract: Traditionally, turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) have been cultured using square or circular tanks and flow-through systems. The use of an alternative culture system that combines RAS technology and shallow raceways tanks could produce similar growth rates ... ...

    Abstract Traditionally, turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) have been cultured using square or circular tanks and flow-through systems. The use of an alternative culture system that combines RAS technology and shallow raceways tanks could produce similar growth rates at higher densities than conventional systems. In this study, growth and survival rates of turbot juveniles cultured in shallow raceway tanks under recirculating conditions have been evaluated. Two raceways with a 4 cm water column height were set up in series and loaded each with 3654 turbot juveniles of 5.6 g mean weight. Over a study period of 24 days, the average specific growth rate (SGR) observed was 1.4% and the feed conversion (FC) was 0.84 g feed/g fish weight. Daily mortality rate observed was 0.09%, with an overall survival of 98%. At the end of the study, average bottom coverage reached 262% (8 kg/m2). This study demonstrated that RAS technology in combination with shallow raceways allows high fish densities, improves overall productivity, decreases water pump requirements, and enhances reliability by having better control over environmental and operational parameters. Additional, longer period studies must be conducted to fully validate and approach this combined-technology to the commercial stage.
    Keywords recirculating aquaculture systems ; fish culture ; Psetta maxima ; turbot ; juveniles ; raceways ; aquaculture tanks ; animal growth ; mortality ; feed conversion ; body weight ; equipment design ; aquacultural engineering ; fluid mechanics ; water flow ; population density
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2004-12
    Size p. 113-127.
    Document type Article
    Note In the special issue: 2003 AES Issues Forum, 3-5 November 2003, Seattle, WA / edited by S. Summerfelt and B. Watten.
    ZDB-ID 782663-1
    ISSN 0144-8609
    ISSN 0144-8609
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article: Hydrodynamics of a Large-scale Mixed-Cell Raceway (MCR): Experimental studies

    Labatut, R.A / Ebeling, J.M / Bhaskaran, R / Timmons, M.B

    Aquacultural engineering. 2007 Sept., v. 37, issue 2

    2007  

    Abstract: The Mixed-cell Raceway (MCR) is a design that intends to combine the best characteristics of circular tanks and linear raceways in a single production system. The conceptual idea is to convert traditional linear raceways into a series of hydraulically ... ...

    Abstract The Mixed-cell Raceway (MCR) is a design that intends to combine the best characteristics of circular tanks and linear raceways in a single production system. The conceptual idea is to convert traditional linear raceways into a series of hydraulically separated cells, each of which behaves as an individual circular tank. The MCR can take advantage of the solids removal ability of circular tanks and can be managed as either a partial reuse or intensive recirculation system. This study investigated the hydrodynamics of a large-scale (90 m3) MCR composed of three in-series 5.5 m x 5.5 m mixed-cells (1 m water depth). Water velocity measurements of the entire tank were used to generate velocity-magnitude contours and vector plots, investigate the distribution of water velocities, and evaluate the self-cleaning characteristics and related management issues of an MCR.The grand mean of the water velocities of the three MCR in-series cells was 16.5 cm/s (16.1, 15.5, and 17.8 cm/s for cell 1, cell 2, and cell 3, respectively). Results showed that water velocities decreased somewhat in a linear manner from the tank bottom to the top, i.e., 18.9, 15.8 and 14.7 cm/s, and in the same way from the periphery (21.9 cm/s) to the center of the cells (3.7 cm/s). Analyses indicated that these water velocities were in the optimum range to promote fish health and condition as well as to achieve tank self-cleaning. For a water exchange rate of 1.7 volumes per hour and an operating head of 1.36 m in the jet port manifolds, the power requirements of the MCR reached 8.9 W/m3. Contour and vector velocity plots showed that the mixed-cells develop a well-defined rotational pattern around the center drain. Also, strategically located water jets directed across the width of the MCR were able to limit the rotational flow to each cell and create the required counter-rotational pattern between adjacent cells. Velocity vectors showed a relatively low turbulence in the corners of the cells, even in the middle cell (cell 2) that had solid-walls on only two sides. Velocity vectors and contour plots also suggested an absence of dead volumes or short-circuiting within the cells, indicating that adequate mixing was being attained in the MCR.
    Keywords hydrodynamics ; aquacultural and fisheries equipment ; aquacultural engineering ; aquaculture tanks ; equipment design ; equipment performance ; solids ; velocity
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2007-09
    Size p. 132-143.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 782663-1
    ISSN 0144-8609
    ISSN 0144-8609
    DOI 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2007.04.001
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: Effects of inlet and outlet flow characteristics on mixed-cell raceway (MCR) hydrodynamics

    Labatut, R.A / Ebeling, J.M / Bhaskaran, R / Timmons, M.B

    Aquacultural engineering. 2007 Sept., v. 37, issue 2

    2007  

    Abstract: A series of experimental trials were conducted in a large-scale (5.5 m x 16.5 m x 1.2 m) mixed-cell raceway (MCR) to evaluate the effect of nozzle diameter and the rate of bottom-center drain discharge on the magnitude and uniformity of water velocities ... ...

    Abstract A series of experimental trials were conducted in a large-scale (5.5 m x 16.5 m x 1.2 m) mixed-cell raceway (MCR) to evaluate the effect of nozzle diameter and the rate of bottom-center drain discharge on the magnitude and uniformity of water velocities in the mixed-cell. Three nozzle diameters, 10, 15, and 20 mm, and three bottom-center flows, 0, 15, and 20% of the system flow rate (64-257 m(3)/h), were evaluated. Measurements of water velocities in the mixed-cell were made at 5 cm from the bottom of the tank. While the nozzle diameter was found to have a highly significant influence (p < 0.01) on the magnitude of the water velocities, the percentage of bottom flow did not (p > 0.05). Also, results suggested that uniformity of water velocities in terms of the radial-wise profile is not affected by either the nozzle diameter or the percentage of bottom flow. This study indicates that the flux of momentum is the driving force controlling water velocities in a jet-forced circulation vessel, and therefore jet velocity and nozzle diameter become the main variables to control. It was found that the linear influence of the jet velocity on water velocities reported in previous studies remained valid provided that the nozzle diameter was maintained constant. An equation to predict water velocities of the mean rotating flow was derived from the flux of momentum approach and a set of iso-curves was constructed to predict water velocities as a function of the jet velocity and nozzle diameter. The iso-curves, or directly, the equation derived, can be used to facilitate the design of a MCR where a particular water velocity is desired.
    Keywords fish culture ; equipment design ; aquaculture tanks ; aquacultural engineering ; flow ; velocity ; water ; jets ; nozzles ; linear models ; prediction ; equations
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2007-09
    Size p. 158-170.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 782663-1
    ISSN 0144-8609
    ISSN 0144-8609
    DOI 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2007.04.002
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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