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  1. Article ; Online: No evidence of association between either Modic change or disc degeneration and five circulating inflammatory proteins.

    Compte, Roger / Freidin, Maxim B / Granville Smith, Isabelle / Le Maitre, Christine L / Vaitkute, Dovile / Nessa, Ayrun / Lachance, Genevieve / Williams, Frances M K

    JOR spine

    2024  Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) e1323

    Abstract: Introduction: Intervertebral disc degeneration and Modic change are the main spinal structural changes associated with chronic low back pain (LBP). Both conditions are thought to manifest local inflammation and if inflammatory proteins translocate to ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Intervertebral disc degeneration and Modic change are the main spinal structural changes associated with chronic low back pain (LBP). Both conditions are thought to manifest local inflammation and if inflammatory proteins translocate to the blood circulation could be detected systemically. The work here assesses whether the presence of disc degeneration is associated with detectable blood level changes of five inflammatory markers and whether chronic LBP is associated with these changes.
    Materials and methods: Two hundred and forty TwinsUK cohort participants with both MRI disc degeneration grade and Modic change extent, and IL-6, IL-8, IL-8 TNF, and CX3CL1 protein blood concentration measurements were included in this work. Linear mixed effects models were used to test the association of blood cytokine concentration with disc degeneration score and Modic change volumetric score. Association of chronic LBP status from questionnaires with disc degeneration, Modic change, and cytokine blood concentration was also tested.
    Results: No statistically significant association between disc degeneration or Modic change with cytokine blood concentration was found. Instead, regression analysis pointed strong association between cytokine blood concentration with body mass index for IL-6 and with age for IL-6 and TNF. Mild association was found between IL-8 blood concentration and body mass index. Additionally, LBP status was associated with Modic change volumetric score but not associated with any cytokine concentration.
    Conclusions: We found no evidence that Modic change and disc degeneration are able to produce changes in tested blood cytokine concentration. However, age and body mass index have strong influence on cytokine concentration and both are associated with the conditions studied which may confound associations found in the literature. It is then unlikely that cytokines produced in the disc or vertebral bone marrow induce chronic LBP.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2572-1143
    ISSN (online) 2572-1143
    DOI 10.1002/jsp2.1323
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: At the Epicentre of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Canada: Experiences and Recommendations of Family Care Partners of an Older Person Living in a Long-Term Care Home.

    Bourbonnais, Anne / Lachance, Geneviève / Baumbusch, Jennifer / Hsu, Amy / Daneau, Stéphanie / Macaulay, Susan

    Canadian journal on aging = La revue canadienne du vieillissement

    2023  , Page(s) 1–13

    Abstract: The roles of family care partners of older persons living in long-term care homes (LTCH) were severely disrupted during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Our aim was to describe their experiences and to solicit their recommendations for ... ...

    Abstract The roles of family care partners of older persons living in long-term care homes (LTCH) were severely disrupted during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Our aim was to describe their experiences and to solicit their recommendations for supportive actions. We conducted a critical ethnography with 24 care partners who cared or had cared for an older person living in an LTCH in Québec during the COVID-19 pandemic. We collected data during interviews and used Spradley's method to analyse them. Care partners experienced a forced separation from the older persons they cared for, which resulted in significant distress. Care, including post-mortem care, was considered inadequate and sometimes even inhumane. Communication was inconsistent, and this variability was also noted in visitation rules. Care partners perceived LTCHs as a neglected community. Supportive actions were recommended. The results illustrated the essential contribution of care partners, and the supportive actions they recommended must be a catalyst for change toward more humane care in LTCH settings.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-29
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632851-9
    ISSN 1710-1107 ; 0714-9808
    ISSN (online) 1710-1107
    ISSN 0714-9808
    DOI 10.1017/S0714980823000466
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Diverging destinies: 'social' data within the TwinsUK cohort.

    Bowyer, Ruth C E / Abbasian, Golboo / García, María Paz / Anastasiou, Andrew / Lachance, Genevieve / Thompson, Ellen J / Hart, Deborah / Dowd, Jennifer B / Steves, Claire J

    Wellcome open research

    2022  Volume 7, Page(s) 19

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Background
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2398-502X
    ISSN 2398-502X
    DOI 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17139.1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: A discordant monozygotic-twin approach to potential risk factors for chronic widespread pain in females.

    Burri, Andrea / Lachance, Genevieve / Williams, Frances

    Twin research and human genetics : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies

    2015  Volume 18, Issue 2, Page(s) 188–197

    Abstract: Chronic widespread pain (CWP) is a common disorder affecting up to 15% of the general population. The objective of the present study was to explore the role of previously reported psychosocial and interpersonal risk factors on variation in CWP by ... ...

    Abstract Chronic widespread pain (CWP) is a common disorder affecting up to 15% of the general population. The objective of the present study was to explore the role of previously reported psychosocial and interpersonal risk factors on variation in CWP by investigating CWP discordant monozygotic (MZ) twins. This approach allows separation of cause and effect relationships, albeit imperfectly, as well the control for critical confounding variables such as common environment or genetics. In a total sample of N = 3,266 female twins aged 18-89 years, MZ (113 full pairs) and DZ twins (180 full pairs) discordant for CWP were selected. Items from the London fibromyalgia symptom screening questionnaire were used to discriminate cases from controls. To assess potential risk factors, including body mass index, anxiety sensitivity (AS), emotional intelligence, personality, obsessive-compulsive behavior, and coping, validated questionnaires were used. A set of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. Of the variables showing significant links with CWP in the univariate individual-level analyses, including age, AS, and emotional intelligence, only emotional intelligence turned out to an independent predictor to the pathogenesis of CWP in both the individual level and discordant MZ analyses. These data indicate that in women having identical genetic risk, emotional intelligence seems to play a key role, although of small effect, in the development and/or maintenance of CWP. It further seems that many of the previously reported risk factors for CWP suffer from genetic confounding.
    MeSH term(s) Body Mass Index ; Chronic Pain/genetics ; Chronic Pain/physiopathology ; Female ; Fibromyalgia/genetics ; Fibromyalgia/physiopathology ; Humans ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Twins, Monozygotic/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Twin Study
    ZDB-ID 2182682-1
    ISSN 1839-2628 ; 1832-4274
    ISSN (online) 1839-2628
    ISSN 1832-4274
    DOI 10.1017/thg.2015.7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Prevalence and risk factors of sexual problems and sexual distress in a sample of women suffering from chronic widespread pain.

    Burri, Andrea / Lachance, Genevieve / Williams, Frances M K

    The journal of sexual medicine

    2014  Volume 11, Issue 11, Page(s) 2772–2784

    Abstract: Introduction: Chronic widespread pain (CWP) is a prevalent musculoskeletal problem and a cardinal symptom of fibromyalgia, affecting up to 15% of the population. CWP is associated with substantial physical and psychological impairment and reduced ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Chronic widespread pain (CWP) is a prevalent musculoskeletal problem and a cardinal symptom of fibromyalgia, affecting up to 15% of the population. CWP is associated with substantial physical and psychological impairment and reduced quality of life.
    Aim: To describe sexual problems in women having CWP. To compare the sexual function between patients with CWP and healthy women, and to explore potential predictors of sexual problems in women suffering from CWP.
    Methods: A descriptive, cross sectional study involving a total of 853 individuals, including 166 with CWP and 687 healthy counterparts. For the screening of sexual problems and distress, the original and amended lifelong version of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the Female Sexual Distress Scale were applied. A set of standardized questionnaires to assess potential risk factors for sexual problems was further used.
    Main outcome measures: The levels of sexual function and distress in women with CWP was compared with those of healthy women. Univariate and multivariate linear regression was used to determine the potential predictors for sexual problems in women with CWP and healthy counterparts.
    Results: Women with CWP reported more difficulties with lubrication, more sexual pain, and higher levels of sexual distress. Potential predictors of sexual problems in women with CWP were heterogeneous, with relationship dissatisfaction being associated with lower levels of sexual function in all the FSFI domains. Significant, domain-specific effects were further detected for anxiety sensitivity, emotional intelligence, obsessive compulsive behavior, and the big five personality traits. In general, factors influencing recent sexual problems were different from those influencing lifelong sexual function.
    Conclusions: CWP patients report more sexual pain and sexual distress compared with controls. Assessment of sexual problems should therefore be added to routine care of patients with CWP.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anxiety ; Chronic Pain/epidemiology ; Chronic Pain/psychology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Prevalence ; Quality of Life/psychology ; Risk Factors ; Sexual Behavior ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United Kingdom/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-11
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Twin Study
    ZDB-ID 2251959-2
    ISSN 1743-6109 ; 1743-6095
    ISSN (online) 1743-6109
    ISSN 1743-6095
    DOI 10.1111/jsm.12651
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: A new bioreactor for the development of tissue-engineered heart valves.

    Ruel, Jean / Lachance, Geneviève

    Annals of biomedical engineering

    2009  Volume 37, Issue 4, Page(s) 674–681

    Abstract: This paper reports the design, manufacturing, and characterization of a new bioreactor dedicated to the development of tissue-engineered heart valve substitutes. First, a comprehensive review of the state of the art in bioreactors is presented and a ... ...

    Abstract This paper reports the design, manufacturing, and characterization of a new bioreactor dedicated to the development of tissue-engineered heart valve substitutes. First, a comprehensive review of the state of the art in bioreactors is presented and a rigorous classification is put forward. The existing bioreactors found in literature are organized in three groups and discussed with respect to their quality of reproduction compared to the physiological environment. The bioreactor architecture is then decomposed into basic components which may be grouped together in different arrangements, and the well-known Windkessel approach is used to study the global behavior of the system. Then, the new design, which is based on a synthesis of the features of the most evolved systems as well as on new improvements, is explained in detail. Optimal fluid dynamics are obtained with the presented bioreactor through carefully designed components and an advanced computer-controlled actuator. This allows a very accurate reproduction of physiological parameters, namely the pulsating flow rate and pressure. Finally, experimental results of flow rate and pressure waveforms are presented, where an excellent correlation with physiological measurements can be observed.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bioreactors ; Computer Simulation ; Equipment Design ; Heart Valve Prosthesis ; Heart Valves/physiology ; Models, Theoretical ; Pulsatile Flow ; Tissue Culture Techniques/instrumentation ; Tissue Engineering
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 185984-5
    ISSN 1573-9686 ; 0191-5649 ; 0090-6964
    ISSN (online) 1573-9686
    ISSN 0191-5649 ; 0090-6964
    DOI 10.1007/s10439-009-9646-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: A New Bioreactor for the Development of Tissue-Engineered Heart Valves

    Ruel, Jean / Lachance, Geneviève

    Annals of biomedical engineering. 2009 Apr., v. 37, no. 4

    2009  

    Abstract: This paper reports the design, manufacturing, and characterization of a new bioreactor dedicated to the development of tissue-engineered heart valve substitutes. First, a comprehensive review of the state of the art in bioreactors is presented and a ... ...

    Abstract This paper reports the design, manufacturing, and characterization of a new bioreactor dedicated to the development of tissue-engineered heart valve substitutes. First, a comprehensive review of the state of the art in bioreactors is presented and a rigorous classification is put forward. The existing bioreactors found in literature are organized in three groups and discussed with respect to their quality of reproduction compared to the physiological environment. The bioreactor architecture is then decomposed into basic components which may be grouped together in different arrangements, and the well-known Windkessel approach is used to study the global behavior of the system. Then, the new design, which is based on a synthesis of the features of the most evolved systems as well as on new improvements, is explained in detail. Optimal fluid dynamics are obtained with the presented bioreactor through carefully designed components and an advanced computer-controlled actuator. This allows a very accurate reproduction of physiological parameters, namely the pulsating flow rate and pressure. Finally, experimental results of flow rate and pressure waveforms are presented, where an excellent correlation with physiological measurements can be observed.
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2009-04
    Size p. 674-681.
    Publisher Springer US
    Publishing place Boston
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 185984-5
    ISSN 1573-9686 ; 0191-5649 ; 0090-6964
    ISSN (online) 1573-9686
    ISSN 0191-5649 ; 0090-6964
    DOI 10.1007/s10439-009-9646-9
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article: A discordant monozygotic-twin approach to potential risk factors for chronic widespread pain in females

    Burri, Andrea / Lachance, Genevieve / Williams, Frances

    Twin Research and Human Genetics

    2015  Volume 18, Issue 2, Page(s) 188–197

    Abstract: Explored the role of psychosocial and interpersonal risk factors on variation in chronic widespread pain (CWP) by investigating CWP discordant monozygotic (MZ) twins. This approach allows separation of cause-and-effect relationships, albeit imperfectly, ... ...

    Title translation Ein diskordanter Ansatz mit monozygotischen Zwillingen zu potenziellen Risikofaktoren für chronische Schmerzen in meheren Körperregionen bei Frauen
    Abstract Explored the role of psychosocial and interpersonal risk factors on variation in chronic widespread pain (CWP) by investigating CWP discordant monozygotic (MZ) twins. This approach allows separation of cause-and-effect relationships, albeit imperfectly, as well the control for critical confounding variables such as common environment or genetics. In a total sample of 3,266 female twins aged 18-89 years, MZ (113 full pairs) and dizygotic (DZ) twins (180 full pairs) discordant for CWP were selected. Items from the London fibromyalgia symptom screening questionnaire were used to discriminate cases from controls. To assess potential risk factors, including body mass index, anxiety sensitivity, emotional intelligence, personality, obsessive-compulsive behavior, and coping, validated questionnaires were used. A set of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results show that of the variables showing significant links with CWP in the univariate individual-level analyses, including age, anxiety sensitivity, and emotional intelligence, only emotional intelligence turned out to an independent predictor to the pathogenesis of CWP in both the individual level and discordant MZ analyses. These data are regarded as indicating that in women having identical genetic risk, emotional intelligence seems to play a key role, although of small effect, in the development and/or maintenance of CWP. It is further concluded that many of the previously reported risk factors for CWP suffer from genetic confounding.
    Keywords Chronic Pain ; Chronischer Schmerz ; Emotional Intelligence ; Emotionale Intelligenz ; Frauen ; Genetics ; Genetik ; Human Females ; Individual Differences ; Individuelle Unterschiede ; Monozygote Zwillinge ; Monozygotic Twins ; Risikofaktoren ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2182682-1
    ISSN 1839-2628 ; 1832-4274
    ISSN (online) 1839-2628
    ISSN 1832-4274
    Database PSYNDEX

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  9. Article ; Online: Mathematical modeling and experimental testing of three bioreactor configurations based on windkessel models.

    Ruel, Jean / Lachance, Geneviève

    Heart international

    2007  Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) e1

    Abstract: This paper presents an experimental study of three bioreactor configurations. The bioreactor is intended to be used for the development of tissue-engineered heart valve substitutes. Therefore it must be able to reproduce physiological flow and pressure ... ...

    Abstract This paper presents an experimental study of three bioreactor configurations. The bioreactor is intended to be used for the development of tissue-engineered heart valve substitutes. Therefore it must be able to reproduce physiological flow and pressure waveforms accurately. A detailed analysis of three bioreactor arrangements is presented using mathematical models based on the windkessel (WK) approach. First, a review of the many applications of this approach in medical studies enhances its fundamental nature and its usefulness. Then the models are developed with reference to the actual components of the bioreactor. This study emphasizes different conflicting issues arising in the design process of a bioreactor for biomedical purposes, where an optimization process is essential to reach a compromise satisfying all conditions. Two important aspects are the need for a simple system providing ease of use and long-term sterility, opposed to the need for an advanced (thus more complex) architecture capable of a more accurate reproduction of the physiological environment. Three classic WK architectures are analyzed, and experimental results enhance the advantages and limitations of each one.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-06-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2514156-9
    ISSN 2036-2579 ; 2036-2579
    ISSN (online) 2036-2579
    ISSN 2036-2579
    DOI 10.4081/hi.2010.e1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: An association between chronic widespread pain and the gut microbiome.

    Freidin, Maxim B / Stalteri, Maria A / Wells, Philippa M / Lachance, Genevieve / Baleanu, Andrei-Florin / Bowyer, Ruth C E / Kurilshikov, Alexander / Zhernakova, Alexandra / Steves, Claire J / Williams, Frances M K

    Rheumatology (Oxford, England)

    2020  Volume 60, Issue 8, Page(s) 3727–3737

    Abstract: Objectives: Chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain (CWP) is a characteristic symptom of fibromyalgia, which has been shown to be associated with an altered gut microbiome. Microbiome studies to date have not examined the milder CWP phenotype ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain (CWP) is a characteristic symptom of fibromyalgia, which has been shown to be associated with an altered gut microbiome. Microbiome studies to date have not examined the milder CWP phenotype specifically nor have they explored the role of raised BMI. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the microbiome is abnormal in CWP.
    Methods: CWP was assessed using a standardized screening questionnaire in female volunteers from the TwinsUK cohort including 113 CWP cases and 1623 controls. The stool microbiome was characterized using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and amplicon sequence variants, and associations with CWP examined using linear mixed-effects models adjusting for BMI, age, diet, family relatedness and technical factors.
    Results: Alpha diversity was significantly lower in CWP cases than controls (Mann-Whitney test, P-values 2.3e-04 and 1.2e-02, for Shannon and Simpson indices respectively). The species Coprococcus comes was significantly depleted in CWP cases (Padj = 3.04e-03). A genome-wide association study (GWAS) performed for C. comes in TwinsUK followed by meta-analysis with three Dutch cohorts (total n = 3521) resulted in nine suggestive regions, with the most convincing on chromosome 4 near the TRAM1L1 gene (rs76957229, P = 7.4e-8). A Mendelian randomization study based on the results of the GWAS did not support a causal role for C. comes on the development of CWP.
    Conclusions: We have demonstrated reduced diversity in the microbiome in CWP, indicating an involvement of the gut microbiota in CWP; prospectively the microbiome may offer therapeutic opportunities for this condition.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Body Mass Index ; Chronic Pain/epidemiology ; Chronic Pain/genetics ; Chronic Pain/microbiology ; Clostridiales ; Dysbiosis/epidemiology ; Dysbiosis/genetics ; Dysbiosis/microbiology ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/genetics ; Humans ; Mendelian Randomization Analysis ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Obesity/microbiology ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
    Chemical Substances RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1464822-2
    ISSN 1462-0332 ; 1462-0324
    ISSN (online) 1462-0332
    ISSN 1462-0324
    DOI 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa847
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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