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  1. Article: Alzheimer's disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and kidney function in normal and cognitively impaired older adults.

    Hajjar, Ihab / Neal, Reem / Yang, Zhiyi / Lah, James J

    Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)

    2024  Volume 16, Issue 2, Page(s) e12581

    Abstract: Introduction: Recent Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical trials have used cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker levels for screening and enrollment. Preliminary evidence suggests that AD risk is related to impaired renal function. The impact of kidney ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Recent Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical trials have used cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker levels for screening and enrollment. Preliminary evidence suggests that AD risk is related to impaired renal function. The impact of kidney function on commonly used AD biomarkers remains unknown.
    Methods: Participants in studies conducted at the Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (
    Results: Lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was associated with lower amyloid beta (Aβ)42/tau ratio (
    Discussion: The association between eGFR and CSF AD biomarkers has a significant impact that varies by cognitive status. Future studies exploring this impact on the pathogenesis of AD and related biomarkers are needed.
    Highlights: There is a significant association between Alzheimer's disease (AD) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and both estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Kidney function influences CSF biomarker levels in individuals with normal cognitive function and those with MCI.The impact of kidney function on AD biomarker levels is more pronounced in individuals with cognitive impairment.The variation in CSF tau levels is independent of cardiovascular factors and is likely directly related to kidney function.Tau may have a possible role in both kidney and cognitive function.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2832898-X
    ISSN 2352-8729
    ISSN 2352-8729
    DOI 10.1002/dad2.12581
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Telehealth equivalence of the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA): Results from the Emory healthy brain study (EHBS).

    Loring, David W / Lah, James J / Goldstein, Felicia C

    Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

    2023  Volume 71, Issue 6, Page(s) 1931–1936

    Abstract: Background: We investigated potential differences between in-person cognitive testing and video telehealth administration of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). In addition to the MoCA, the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8) and Generalized ... ...

    Abstract Background: We investigated potential differences between in-person cognitive testing and video telehealth administration of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). In addition to the MoCA, the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were administered.
    Methods: MoCA scores from participants in the Emory Health Brain Study (EHBS) were contrasted based upon whether they were administered the MoCA in the standard face-to-face (F2F) assessment setting (n = 1205) or using a video telehealth administration (n = 491). All EHBS participants were self-reported to be cognitively normal.
    Results: MoCA scores did not differ across administration method (F2F MoCA = 26.6, SD = 2.4; telehealth MoCA = 26.5, SD = 2.4). The 95% confidence interval for difference in administration was small (CI = -0.16 to 0.34). When examining MoCA domain scores, administration differences were either associated with no statistically significant effect, or if present due to large sample sizes, were associated with small effects and differences <0.5 point. Telehealth patients reported slightly lower PHQ-8 scores (F2F PHQ-8 = 2.0, SD = 2.5; telehealth PHQ-8 = 1.6, SD = 2.1), although these scores are well within the normal range. No group difference in GAD-7 scores was present (F2F GAD-7 = 1.4, SD = 2.4; telehealth PHQ-8 = 1.4, SD = 2.4).
    Discussion: This report with its large sample size and between subject cohort provides complementary evidence to smaller test-retest studies, further supporting equivalence of MoCA telehealth testing to F2F MoCA administration. These findings provide additional reassurance that administration mode does not introduce systematic performance differences for MoCA test administration, thereby permitting telehealth MoCA testing to be applied confidently for both clinical and research applications.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cognitive Dysfunction/psychology ; Mental Status and Dementia Tests ; Brain ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Telemedicine
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 80363-7
    ISSN 1532-5415 ; 0002-8614
    ISSN (online) 1532-5415
    ISSN 0002-8614
    DOI 10.1111/jgs.18271
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Robust quantitative susceptibility mapping via approximate message passing with parameter estimation.

    Huang, Shuai / Lah, James J / Allen, Jason W / Qiu, Deqiang

    Magnetic resonance in medicine

    2023  Volume 90, Issue 4, Page(s) 1414–1430

    Abstract: Purpose: For quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), the lack of ground-truth in clinical settings makes it challenging to determine suitable parameters for the dipole inversion. We propose a probabilistic Bayesian approach for QSM with built-in ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: For quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), the lack of ground-truth in clinical settings makes it challenging to determine suitable parameters for the dipole inversion. We propose a probabilistic Bayesian approach for QSM with built-in parameter estimation, and incorporate the nonlinear formulation of the dipole inversion to achieve a robust recovery of the susceptibility maps.
    Theory: From a Bayesian perspective, the image wavelet coefficients are approximately sparse and modeled by the Laplace distribution. The measurement noise is modeled by a Gaussian-mixture distribution with two components, where the second component is used to model the noise outliers. Through probabilistic inference, the susceptibility map and distribution parameters can be jointly recovered using approximate message passing (AMP).
    Methods: We compare our proposed AMP with built-in parameter estimation (AMP-PE) to the state-of-the-art L1-QSM, FANSI, and MEDI approaches on the simulated and in vivo datasets, and perform experiments to explore the optimal settings of AMP-PE. Reproducible code is available at: https://github.com/EmoryCN2L/QSM_AMP_PE.
    Results: On the simulated Sim2Snr1 dataset, AMP-PE achieved the lowest NRMSE, deviation from calcification moment and the highest SSIM, while MEDI achieved the lowest high-frequency error norm. On the in vivo datasets, AMP-PE is robust and successfully recovers the susceptibility maps using the estimated parameters, whereas L1-QSM, FANSI and MEDI typically require additional visual fine-tuning to select or double-check working parameters.
    Conclusion: AMP-PE provides automatic and adaptive parameter estimation for QSM and avoids the subjectivity from the visual fine-tuning step, making it an excellent choice for the clinical setting.
    MeSH term(s) Brain ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Algorithms ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods ; Bayes Theorem ; Brain Mapping/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 605774-3
    ISSN 1522-2594 ; 0740-3194
    ISSN (online) 1522-2594
    ISSN 0740-3194
    DOI 10.1002/mrm.29722
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: A probabilistic Bayesian approach to recover

    Huang, Shuai / Lah, James J / Allen, Jason W / Qiu, Deqiang

    Magnetic resonance in medicine

    2022  Volume 88, Issue 4, Page(s) 1624–1642

    Abstract: Purpose: Undersampling is used to reduce the scan time for high-resolution three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. In order to achieve better image quality and avoid manual parameter tuning, we propose a probabilistic Bayesian approach to recover ! ...

    Abstract Purpose: Undersampling is used to reduce the scan time for high-resolution three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. In order to achieve better image quality and avoid manual parameter tuning, we propose a probabilistic Bayesian approach to recover
    Theory: Sparse prior on the wavelet coefficients of images is interpreted from a Bayesian perspective as sparsity-promoting distribution. A novel nonlinear approximate message passing (AMP) framework that incorporates a mono-exponential decay model is proposed. The parameters are treated as unknown variables and jointly estimated with image wavelet coefficients.
    Methods: Undersampling takes place in the y-z plane of k-space according to the Poisson-disk pattern. Retrospective undersampling is performed to evaluate the performances of different reconstruction approaches, prospective undersampling is performed to demonstrate the feasibility of undersampling in practice.
    Results: The proposed AMP with parameter estimation (AMP-PE) approach successfully recovers
    Conclusion: AMP-PE achieves better performance by drawing information from both the sparse prior and the mono-exponential decay model. It does not require parameter tuning, and works with a clinical, prospective undersampling scheme where parameter tuning is often impossible or difficult due to the lack of ground-truth image.
    MeSH term(s) Algorithms ; Bayes Theorem ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 605774-3
    ISSN 1522-2594 ; 0740-3194
    ISSN (online) 1522-2594
    ISSN 0740-3194
    DOI 10.1002/mrm.29303
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Association between Fine Particulate Matter Exposure and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease among a Cognitively Healthy Population-Based Cohort.

    Casey, Emma / Li, Zhenjiang / Liang, Donghai / Ebelt, Stefanie / Levey, Allan I / Lah, James J / Wingo, Thomas S / Hüls, Anke

    Environmental health perspectives

    2024  Volume 132, Issue 4, Page(s) 47001

    Abstract: Background: Epidemiological evidence suggests air pollution adversely affects cognition and increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but little is known about the biological effects of fine particulate matter (: Objectives: We investigated the ...

    Abstract Background: Epidemiological evidence suggests air pollution adversely affects cognition and increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but little is known about the biological effects of fine particulate matter (
    Objectives: We investigated the association between 1-, 3-, and 5-y exposure to ambient and traffic-related
    Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from 1,113 cognitively healthy adults (45-75 y of age) from the Emory Healthy Brain Study in Georgia in the United States. CSF biomarker concentrations of
    Results: Interquartile range (IQR;
    Conclusion: In our study, consistent trends were found between 1-y
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; United States ; Particulate Matter/analysis ; Air Pollutants/analysis ; Alzheimer Disease/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Environmental Exposure/analysis ; Air Pollution/analysis ; Biomarkers/analysis
    Chemical Substances Particulate Matter ; Air Pollutants ; Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 195189-0
    ISSN 1552-9924 ; 0091-6765 ; 1078-0475
    ISSN (online) 1552-9924
    ISSN 0091-6765 ; 1078-0475
    DOI 10.1289/EHP13503
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Disentangling Visual Exploration Differences in Cognitive Impairment.

    Jiang, Zifan / Seyedi, Salman / Vickers, Kayci L / Manzanares, Cecelia M / Lah, James J / Levey, Allan I / Clifford, Gari D

    IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering

    2024  Volume 71, Issue 4, Page(s) 1197–1208

    Abstract: Objective: Individuals with cognitive impairment (CI) exhibit different oculomotor functions and viewing behaviors. In this work we aimed to quantify the differences in these functions with CI severity, and assess general CI and specific cognitive ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Individuals with cognitive impairment (CI) exhibit different oculomotor functions and viewing behaviors. In this work we aimed to quantify the differences in these functions with CI severity, and assess general CI and specific cognitive functions related to visual exploration behaviors.
    Methods: A validated passive viewing memory test with eyetracking was administered to 348 healthy controls and CI individuals. Spatiotemporal properties of the scanpath, the semantic category of the viewed regions, and other composite features were extracted from the estimated eyegaze locations on the corresponding pictures displayed during the test. These features were then used to characterize viewing patterns, classify cognitive impairment, and estimate scores in various neuropsychological tests using machine learning.
    Results: Statistically significant differences in spatial, spatiotemporal, and semantic features were found between healthy controls and individuals with CI. The CI group spent more time gazing at the center of the image, looked at more regions of interest (ROI), transitioned less often between ROI yet in a more unpredictable manner, and exhibited different semantic preferences. A combination of these features achieved an area under the receiver-operator curve of 0.78 in differentiating CI individuals from controls. Statistically significant correlations were identified between actual and estimated CI scores and other neuropsychological tests.
    Conclusion: Evaluating visual exploration behaviors provided quantitative and systematic evidence of differences in CI individuals, leading to an improved approach for passive cognitive impairment screening.
    Significance: The proposed passive, accessible, and scalable approach could help with earlier detection and a better understanding of cognitive impairment.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Cognition ; Machine Learning
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 160429-6
    ISSN 1558-2531 ; 0018-9294
    ISSN (online) 1558-2531
    ISSN 0018-9294
    DOI 10.1109/TBME.2023.3330976
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Machine Learning Selection of Most Predictive Brain Proteins Suggests Role of Sugar Metabolism in Alzheimer's Disease.

    Tandon, Raghav / Levey, Allan I / Lah, James J / Seyfried, Nicholas T / Mitchell, Cassie S

    Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD

    2023  Volume 92, Issue 2, Page(s) 411–424

    Abstract: Background: The complex and not yet fully understood etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) shows important proteopathic signs which are unlikely to be linked to a single protein. However, protein subsets from deep proteomic datasets can be useful in ... ...

    Abstract Background: The complex and not yet fully understood etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) shows important proteopathic signs which are unlikely to be linked to a single protein. However, protein subsets from deep proteomic datasets can be useful in stratifying patient risk, identifying stage dependent disease markers, and suggesting possible disease mechanisms.
    Objective: The objective was to identify protein subsets that best classify subjects into control, asymptomatic Alzheimer's disease (AsymAD), and AD.
    Methods: Data comprised 6 cohorts; 620 subjects; 3,334 proteins. Brain tissue-derived predictive protein subsets for classifying AD, AsymAD, or control were identified and validated with label-free quantification and machine learning.
    Results: A 29-protein subset accurately classified AD (AUC = 0.94). However, an 88-protein subset best predicted AsymAD (AUC = 0.92) or Control (AUC = 0.92) from AD (AUC = 0.98). AD versus Control: APP, DHX15, NRXN1, PBXIP1, RABEP1, STOM, and VGF. AD versus AsymAD: ALDH1A1, BDH2, C4A, FABP7, GABBR2, GNAI3, PBXIP1, and PRKAR1B. AsymAD versus Control: APP, C4A, DMXL1, EXOC2, PITPNB, RABEP1, and VGF. Additional predictors: DNAJA3, PTBP2, SLC30A9, VAT1L, CROCC, PNP, SNCB, ENPP6, HAPLN2, PSMD4, and CMAS.
    Conclusion: Biomarkers were dynamically separable across disease stages. Predictive proteins were significantly enriched to sugar metabolism.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Proteomics ; Brain/metabolism ; Machine Learning ; Sugars/metabolism ; HSP40 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism ; Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase/metabolism ; Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Sugars ; DNAJA3 protein, human ; HSP40 Heat-Shock Proteins ; BDH2 protein, human (EC 1.1.1.30) ; Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.30) ; DMXL1 protein, human ; Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-08
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1440127-7
    ISSN 1875-8908 ; 1387-2877
    ISSN (online) 1875-8908
    ISSN 1387-2877
    DOI 10.3233/JAD-220683
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Book ; Online: Model-based T1, T2* and Proton Density Mapping Using a Bayesian Approach with Parameter Estimation and Complementary Undersampling Patterns

    Huang, Shuai / Lah, James J. / Allen, Jason W. / Qiu, Deqiang

    2023  

    Abstract: Purpose: To achieve automatic hyperparameter estimation for the joint recovery of quantitative MR images, we propose a Bayesian formulation of the reconstruction problem that incorporates the signal model. Additionally, we investigate the use of ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To achieve automatic hyperparameter estimation for the joint recovery of quantitative MR images, we propose a Bayesian formulation of the reconstruction problem that incorporates the signal model. Additionally, we investigate the use of complementary undersampling patterns to determine optimal undersampling schemes for quantitative MRI. Theory: We introduce a novel nonlinear approximate message passing framework, referred to as ``AMP-PE'', that enables the simultaneous recovery of distribution parameters and quantitative maps. Methods: We employed the variable flip angle multi-echo (VFA-ME) method to acquire measurements. Both retrospective and prospective undersampling approaches were utilized to obtain Fourier measurements using variable-density and Poisson-disk patterns. Furthermore, we extensively explored various undersampling schemes, incorporating complementary patterns across different flip angles and/or echo times. Results: AMP-PE adopts a model-based joint recovery strategy, it outperforms the $l_1$-norm minimization approach that follows a decoupled recovery strategy. A comparison with an existing joint-recovery approach further demonstrates the advantageous outcomes of AMP-PE. For quantitative $T_1$ mapping using VFA-ME, employing identical k-space sampling patterns across different echo times produced the best performance. Whereas for $T_2^*$ and proton density mappings, using complementary sampling patterns across different flip angles yielded the best performance. Conclusion: AMP-PE is equipped with built-in parameter estimation, and works naturally in clinical settings with varying acquisition protocols and scanners. It also achieves improved performance by combining information from the MR signal model and the sparse prior on images.
    Keywords Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
    Subject code 006
    Publishing date 2023-07-05
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article: Disentangling visual exploration differences in cognitive impairment.

    Jiang, Zifan / Seyedi, Salman / Vickers, Kayci L / Manzanares, Cecelia M / Lah, James J / Levey, Allan I / Clifford, Gari D

    medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

    2023  

    Abstract: Objective: Compared to individuals without cognitive impairment (CI), those with CI exhibit differences in both basic oculomotor functions and complex viewing behaviors. However, the characteristics of the differences and how those differences relate to ...

    Abstract Objective: Compared to individuals without cognitive impairment (CI), those with CI exhibit differences in both basic oculomotor functions and complex viewing behaviors. However, the characteristics of the differences and how those differences relate to various cognitive functions have not been widely explored. In this work we aimed to quantify those differences and assess general cognitive impairment and specific cognitive functions.
    Methods: A validated passive viewing memory test with eyetracking was administered to 348 healthy controls and CI individuals. Spatial, temporal, semantic, and other composite features were extracted from the estimated eye-gaze locations on the corresponding pictures displayed during the test. These features were then used to characterize viewing patterns, classify cognitive impairment, and estimate scores in various neuropsychological tests using machine learning.
    Results: Statistically significant differences in spatial, spatiotemporal, and semantic features were found between healthy controls and individuals with CI. CI group spent more time gazing at the center of the image, looked at more regions of interest (ROI), transitioned less often between ROI yet in a more unpredictable manner, and had different semantic preferences. A combination of these features achieved an area under the receiver-operator curve of 0.78 in differentiating CI individuals from controls. Statistically significant correlations were identified between actual and estimated MoCA scores and other neuropsychological tests.
    Conclusion: Evaluating visual exploration behaviors provided quantitative and systematic evidence of differences in CI individuals, leading to an improved approach for passive cognitive impairment screening.
    Significance: The proposed passive, accessible, and scalable approach could help with earlier detection and a better understanding of cognitive impairment.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.05.17.23290054
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Association of PM

    Christensen, Grace M / Li, Zhenjiang / Liang, Donghai / Ebelt, Stefanie / Gearing, Marla / Levey, Allan I / Lah, James J / Wingo, Aliza / Wingo, Thomas / Hüls, Anke

    Neurology

    2024  Volume 102, Issue 5, Page(s) e209162

    Abstract: Background and objectives: Fine particulate matter (PM: Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using brain tissue donors enrolled in the Emory Goizueta AD Research Center who died before 2020 (n = 224). Donors were assessed for AD pathology ... ...

    Abstract Background and objectives: Fine particulate matter (PM
    Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using brain tissue donors enrolled in the Emory Goizueta AD Research Center who died before 2020 (n = 224). Donors were assessed for AD pathology including the Braak stage, Consortium to Establish a Registry for AD (CERAD) score, and combined AD neuropathologic change (ABC) score. Traffic-related PM
    Results: Among the 224 participants, the mean age of death was 76 years, and 57% had at least 1
    Discussion: Our study found traffic-related PM
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Alzheimer Disease/pathology ; Apolipoprotein E4/genetics ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Genotype ; Brain/pathology ; Apolipoproteins E/genetics
    Chemical Substances Apolipoprotein E4 ; Apolipoproteins E
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 207147-2
    ISSN 1526-632X ; 0028-3878
    ISSN (online) 1526-632X
    ISSN 0028-3878
    DOI 10.1212/WNL.0000000000209162
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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