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Article ; Online: Perceptions and experiences of Forensic Medicine Department service recipients and providers during male sexual dysfunction assessment following filing for divorce

Minoo Safaei / Raziyeh Maasoumi / Seyed Amirhosein Mahdavi / Laleh Ghadirian

International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Vol 13, Iss

a qualitative study in Iran

2023 Volume 1

Abstract: Background: Divorce has become a global issue that is increasing in many industrial and developing countries, including Iran. One of the significant reasons for divorce is sexual dysfunction. This study aimed to explore the perceptions and experiences of ...

Abstract	Background: Divorce has become a global issue that is increasing in many industrial and developing countries, including Iran. One of the significant reasons for divorce is sexual dysfunction. This study aimed to explore the perceptions and experiences of Forensic Medicine Department service recipients and providers in evaluating male sexual dysfunction following filing for divorce.Methods: This study was a qualitative study that was analyzed through a content analysis approach. Purposive sampling was done with maximum variation until data saturation was reached. Individual interviews were used to collect data. The data were collected through in-depth quasi-structured interviews with 20 service recipients and 9 service providers of the Forensic Medicine Department in Tehran from January 2022 to March 2022. Results: The data analysis led to the extraction of two main categories, including existing challenges of the forensic medical system in the process of sexual assessment with 3 sub-categories (absence of the plaintiff in the assessment process, sharing a common room with other clients, the psychosocial pressure associated with a Rigi scan test) and features of desirable evaluation services with 5 sub-categories (service delivery to couples, service delivery by observing ethical principles, confidentiality and human dignity, comprehensive physical-psychological-communicative assessment, service delivery that emphasizes informing couples of the path ahead, provision of services if the authenticity of the sexual problem is proven).Conclusion: Our research results indicate that the national Forensic Medical Department faces certain challenges regarding the assessment and diagnosis of sexual dysfunctions among divorce applicants. Based on these results, certain modifications should be made to the evaluation procedures of these applicants. Forensic medicine policymakers and decision-makers can utilize the results of this study to address the existent shortcomings and even prevent the increase in divorce rates due to ...
Keywords	perception ; experience ; qualitative ; sexual dysfunction ; divorce ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Toxicology. Poisons ; RA1190-1270
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Disadvantaged groups and mental health services, A dilemma in metropolitans

Laleh Ghadirian / Azadeh Sayarifard

International Journal of Preventive Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 34-

2020 Volume 34

Keywords	Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Indirect consequences of mental health problems in crisis

Azadeh Sayarifard / Laleh Ghadirian

International Journal of Preventive Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 68-

COVID-19, an example

2020 Volume 68

Keywords	Medicine ; R ; covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Depression literacy in urban and suburban residents of Tehran, the Capital of Iran; Recognition, help seeking and stigmatizing attitude and the predicting factors

Laleh Ghadirian / Azadeh Sayarifard

International Journal of Preventive Medicine, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 134-

2019 Volume 134

Abstract: Background: Recognizing the mental health literacy condition among the people is an important step towards promotion of mental health of a society. This study has been conducted to evaluate the depression literacy among Tehran city and its suburban ... ...

Abstract	Background: Recognizing the mental health literacy condition among the people is an important step towards promotion of mental health of a society. This study has been conducted to evaluate the depression literacy among Tehran city and its suburban residents. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 18- to 68-year-old residents in Tehran city and suburb in 2017. Sampling in Tehran city was conducted using Random Digit Dialing (RDD) and 1340 people were recruited. In suburb Shamsabad and Salehabad from south of Tehran were considered as clusters and data gathering conducted by face to face interview. Depression literacy was assessed by a structured questionnaire. After introducing a vignette with a psychiatric disorder, participants were questioned in the domains of recognition of the disorder, intention to seek help and attitudes toward social stigma. Results: Correct recognition was 52.2% and 30% and intention to seek help was 54% and 33.3% in Tehran city and suburb, respectively. Female gender (P < 0.001), age increasing (P = 0.002) and higher education (P < 0.001) significantly scaled up the chance of correct recognition of depression, when female gender (P = 0.001), increasing age (P < 0.001), and being married (P = 0.01) could significantly improve the probability of seeking help. Results also showed that being married (P = 0.005) and higher education (P < 0.001) predicted lower stigma. Conclusions: Overall depression literacy in Tehran city and suburb was low, so intervention among target population in order to increase the depression literacy seems to be necessary.
Keywords	depression ; health literacy ; help-seeking ; recognition ; social stigma ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Interventions to increase participation of NGOs in preventive care

Haniye Sadat Sajadi / Laleh Ghadirian / Fatemeh Rajabi / Azadeh Sayarifard / Narges Rostamigooran / Reza Majdzadeh

Health Science Reports, Vol 5, Iss 5, Pp n/a-n/a (2022)

A scoping review

2022

Abstract: Abstract Background and Aims Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have enormous potential to effectively prevent and manage diseases; however, little research is available on interventions used to improve NGOs' participation in this area. A scoping ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background and Aims Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have enormous potential to effectively prevent and manage diseases; however, little research is available on interventions used to improve NGOs' participation in this area. A scoping review was conducted to identify options proposed or implemented to improve the participation of the NGOs in preventive care. Methods Pubmed, Web of Science, and ProQuest were extensively searched. Google Scholar was also searched to find potential studies related to the subject. Relevant keywords were used in the English language. The reference list of relevant studies was also scanned. Studies were screened with defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Relevant data were then extracted. Two individuals independently screened and extracted studies. The interventions implemented or proposed to promote the participation of the NGOs in the implementation of preventive interventions were deductively identified and classified. Results Eighteen articles were included in our review. We identified 31 interventions and categorized them into 11 strategies, including (1) building strong collaboration among NGOs and with governments; (2) expanding networks and sustained relations among NGOs; (3) evaluating the NGOs' performance; (4) increasing intersectoral collaboration; (5) advocating for the role of NGOs; (6) supporting NGOs from the side of government; (7) empowering the abilities and capabilities of NGOs; (8) defining the precise roles and responsibilities of the parties; (9) strengthening the health system governance; (10) increasing the health literacy of the community; and (11) developing required regulations, rules, and policies. None of the interventions identified had evidence of its effectiveness. Conclusion The current evidence on effective interventions to strengthen NGOs' participation in implementing health care is scanty. It means there is an information gap in the effect of interventions to improve NGOs' participation in health.
Keywords	health ; nongovernmental organizations ; participation ; prevention ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	360 ; 306
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wiley
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Identifying the non-governmental organizations' activities and challenges in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran

Azadeh Sayarifard / Maryam Nazari / Fatemeh Rajabi / Laleh Ghadirian / Haniye Sadat Sajadi

BMC Public Health, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2022 Volume 13

Abstract: Abstract Background The spread and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic have been to such an extent that to shape an effective, collective response, governments need the participation of society and the cooperation of a wide range of civil society ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background The spread and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic have been to such an extent that to shape an effective, collective response, governments need the participation of society and the cooperation of a wide range of civil society organizations and institutions. The objective of this study was to identify the activities of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in response to the covid-19 pandemic in Iran and the challenges they confronted. Methods We conducted a qualitative analysis based on twenty-two individual, virtual, and semi-structured interviews. Interviewees were selected through purposeful and snowball sampling. All interviews were performed with active health-related NGO representatives willing to participate in the study and continued until data saturation. Data analysis was performed using qualitative content analysis. Results The activities and challenges raised by NGO representatives were identified in 6 main categories, including the need for the participation of NGOs in the fight against pandemics, response to the COVID-19 crisis in the society, challenges in providing services to the target group in the COVID-19 crisis, NGOs challenges in interacting with governmental and non-governmental institutions, information sources used by NGOs in the COVID-19 crisis and strategies to support NGOs in their efforts. Conclusion Considering the crucial challenges for their participation, such as the NGO access to the target groups, lack of communication network, and constructive interaction between government institutions and the NGOs, it is recommended to increase the capacity of these institutions and intervene to establish a constructive and long-term relationship with the government.
Keywords	Health system ; Public participation ; Non-governmental organizations ; Covid-19 ; Iran ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Promoting physical activity of adolescent and young Iranian girls

Fatemeh Rajabi / Leila Mounesan / Azadeh Sayarifard / Laleh Ghadirian

International Journal of Preventive Medicine, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 10-

2018 Volume 10

Abstract: Background: Women play a central role in the health of the whole family, but they are faced with more barriers while taking part in physical activities. Methods: This study was composed of two main phases. In the first phase, the status of physical ... ...

Abstract	Background: Women play a central role in the health of the whole family, but they are faced with more barriers while taking part in physical activities. Methods: This study was composed of two main phases. In the first phase, the status of physical activity among young and adolescent in Iran and global evidence of effective interventions were searched. In the second phase, Focused Group Discussion (FGD) sessions were held with the key stakeholders in Tehran to investigate the results obtained from the first phase. Results: Physical activity among young and adolescent in Iran is inadequate. Based on the results obtained from the evidence and analysis of the FGDs, solutions defined as supporting policies, supporting environment, and supporting programs for physical activities. Conclusions: Multilevel cooperation among schools, families, and society is necessary to develop and implement policies and supporting programs, with an emphasis on combined interventions.
Keywords	Adolescent ; girls ; physical activity ; young ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Designing and investigating the validity and reliability of the health literacy questionnaire in Iran

Fatemeh Rajabi / Azar Pirdehghan / Zahra Sanaie / Laleh Ghadirian / Azadeh Sayarifard / Fatemeh Esna-Ashari

International Journal of Preventive Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 110-

Recognizing the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer

2020 Volume 110

Abstract: Background: Health literacy (HL) has been recognized as an important concept in patient education and disease prevention. The rising burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in Iran is significant. Hence, we designed and validated an HL questionnaire on ...

Abstract	Background: Health literacy (HL) has been recognized as an important concept in patient education and disease prevention. The rising burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in Iran is significant. Hence, we designed and validated an HL questionnaire on the most important domains of NCDs, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. Methods: Literature review was conducted to examine the definition and dimensions of HL. After reaching consensus about the HL dimensions and conceptual models in focus group discussions with experts, they designed questions in each domain. Then, face, content, and construct validity as well as reliability were determined by a pilot study on 72 participants. At the end, a cross-sectional study was implemented on 206 Hamedan university employees, to finalize the questionnaire. Results: After doing the pilot study and analyzing the collected data and according to the Bartlett's test of sphericity and Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin = 0.421 with P < 0.001, factor analysis was used. Considering the eigenvalue >1.4, a 27-item questionnaire in seven domains was obtained which included attitude toward health, understanding information, social support, socioeconomic conditions, access to health services, and application of health information. Cronbach's alpha was more than 0.70 in all domains except the last one (0.47). The second phase showed that overall 75.2% of the individuals had inadequate HL with lowest scores in the application of health information. Conclusions: The designed tool seems appropriate for measuring the HL level among the Iranian population in the field of prevention of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes. The results can help policy makers to improve health promotion interventions.
Keywords	health literacy questionnaire ; iran ; reliability ; validity ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Identifying Effective Strategies for More Delegation of Authority to Managers

Haniye Sadat Sajadi / Maryam Nazari / Leila Mounesan / Fatemeh Rajabi / Laleh Ghadirian

Taṣvīr-i salāmat, Vol 11, Iss 4, Pp 305-

A Case Study

2020 Volume 315

Abstract: Background and Objectives:It is difficult to run current organizations without delegating some of the authority to management levels. Despite the importance of delegating authority to managers, this seems to have been neglected in organizations. The aim ... ...

Abstract	Background and Objectives:It is difficult to run current organizations without delegating some of the authority to management levels. Despite the importance of delegating authority to managers, this seems to have been neglected in organizations. The aim of this study was to identify effective strategies for delegation of authority in Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Material and Methods: The present study was conducted in 2019 in two stages. In the first stage, existing strategies to increase the willingness of managers to delegate authority were extracted through a review study. In the second stage, by conducting 18 semi-structured face-to-face interviews and holding a focused group meeting, effective and appropriate solutions were identified to increase the desire of managers to delegate authority at the university from the perspective of stakeholders. At this stage, data were analyzed by thematic analysis method by 2 people. Results: The review of studies showed two groups of strategies at the organizational and individual levels to increase the willingness of managers to delegate authority. The effect of implementing the solutions has not been fully investigated in previous studies. In the analysis of qualitative findings, three themes (including the importance of delegation at the university management levels, barriers to delegation at university and effective strategies for delegation to administrators at the university) and four sub-themes (including clarification of the delegation process, teaching how to delegate, establishing methods Correct monitoring and evaluation and the use of motivational methods appropriate to the performance of managers) were identified. Conclusion: with regard to the most important barrier to delegation at the managerial level is process-related, it is suggested that the training method and process of performance appraisal and organizational reward be reviewed to increase skills and motivate further delegation. So that, measure the effectiveness and implementation ...
Keywords	delegation ; responsibility ; management ; university ; manager ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	690
Language	Persian
Publishing date	2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Design and implementation of the reward system model for staff in a selected hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Farid Abolhasani / Azadeh Sayarifard / Laleh Ghadirian / Maryam Nazari / Mojgan Farshadi

Payesh, Vol 17, Iss 6, Pp 647-

2018 Volume 656

Abstract: Objective (s): Decision making about characteristics of reward system is one of the main challenges in organizations. The current study was carried out in order to design and provide a reward system for staff working in hospital affiliated to Tehran ... ...

Abstract	Objective (s): Decision making about characteristics of reward system is one of the main challenges in organizations. The current study was carried out in order to design and provide a reward system for staff working in hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) hospitals. Methods This study was performed in two steps from May 2014 to January 2016 in Tehran. First, the research team identified the main axes of reward system using semi-structured interviews with experts and stakeholders. Then the list of final criteria for rewarding was prepared in addition to weight for each criterion using ‘pairwise comparison analysis’. Secondly, in order to identify the executive requirements, the model was implemented in one hospital as a pilot. Results: The main aspects of reward system were scoring method; type of reward; awareness program; evaluation; executive requirements (including structure and process). After pilot study criteria and scoring method were improved. Conclusion: Although the findings were promising, it seems for model success defining executive requirements (including process and structure) proportionate to available capacities and advocacy from head and senior managers is essential.
Keywords	reward ; hospitals ; personnel management ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	650
Language	Persian
Publishing date	2018-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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