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Article ; Online: Early-onset metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk in polycystic ovary syndrome

Dhyaneshwar M / Priyadarssini M / Latha Chaturvedula / Sharbari Basu

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 14, Iss 7, Pp 127-

2023 Volume 131

Abstract: Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine disorder which along with insulin resistance leads to infertility and metabolic syndrome (MetS). This increases the cardiovascular risk in PCOS patients. Aims and Objectives: ... ...

Abstract	Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine disorder which along with insulin resistance leads to infertility and metabolic syndrome (MetS). This increases the cardiovascular risk in PCOS patients. Aims and Objectives: The study was undertaken with the objective to assess and compare the levels of insulin, HOMA IR, lipoprotein (a), and comprehensive lipid tetrad index (CTLI) in PCOS patients with and without MetS and, thus, to compare the cardiovascular disease risk in the two groups. Materials and Methods: Seventy-one freshly diagnosed cases of women with PCOS were enrolled in the study. The patients were grouped into PCOS with MetS and PCOS without MetS with 32 women in each group, matched by age. Biochemical parameters were analyzed in blood chemistry autoanalysers. Insulin, lipoprotein (a), was estimated using ELISA. HOMA IR and CTLI were calculated using standard formulae. Results: About 48.6% of the patients with PCOS had MetS which developed at a mean age of 25 years. Blood glucose and lipid profile parameters were significantly higher, while high-density lipoprotein levels were lower in the group with MetS. Lipoprotein (a) and CTLI were also significantly higher in PCOS patients with MetS than in those without MetS. Insulin and HOMA IR, though higher in the PCOS with MetS group than in the PCOS without MetS, there was no significant statistical difference. Conclusion: There is a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease in PCOS women with MetS than in the PCOS women without MetS at a relatively younger age.
Keywords	cardiovascular disease ; comprehensive lipid tetrad index ; insulin ; metabolic syndrome ; homa ir ; lipoprotein (a) ; pcos ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Placental expression of striatin & endothelial nitric oxide synthase in women with & without pre-eclampsia

M Viveka / Latha Chaturvedula / Amit Kumar Ram / Balasubramaniyan Vairappan

Indian Journal of Medical Research, Vol 157, Iss 4, Pp 345-

2023 Volume 352

Abstract: Background & objectives: Striatin is a multi-domain scaffolding protein essential for activating endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). However, its role in pre-eclampsia remains use explored. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the association ... ...

Abstract	Background & objectives: Striatin is a multi-domain scaffolding protein essential for activating endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). However, its role in pre-eclampsia remains use explored. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the association between striatin and eNOS in regulating nitric oxide (NO) production in the placenta of women with and without pre-eclampsia. Methods: Forty pregnant women each without (controls) and with pre-eclampsia (cases) were enrolled in the study. Blood striatin and NO concentrations were detected by the ELISA. Protein expression of striatin, phosphorylated eNOS (peNOS), inducible NOS (iNOS) and phosphorylated NF-κB were measured in the placental tissues by Western blot. Twenty four hour urinary protein and serum urea, uric acid and creatinine were analyzed as an autoanalyzer. Placental histology was analyzed by haematoxylin and eosin staining. Results: Compared to normotensive pregnant women, the levels of serum NO and striatin were decreased in pre-eclamptic women. The protein expression of striatin and peNOS was significantly reduced (P<0.05) while p65NF-κB and iNOS were upregulated considerably (P<0.05) in the placenta of cases compared to controls. Interpretation & conclusions: Our results show for the first time that decreased striatin expression was associated with decreased peNOS protein expression in the placental tissue of pre-eclamptic women. Interestingly, no significant difference was found in blood striatin or NO levels between controls and cases. Thus, therapies that improve placental striatin expression are attractive possibilities, both for prevention as well as treatment of endothelial dysfunction in pre-eclampsia.
Keywords	endothelial nitric oxide synthase - inflammation - nitric oxide - pre-eclampsia - striatin ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A descriptive study of complications following vaginal surgeries for genital prolapse

Jayavani RL / Kalaranjini S / Arunkumar Muthalu / Latha Chaturvedula / Habeebullah Syed

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 5, Pp 189-

2022 Volume 195

Abstract: Background: Pelvic organ prolapse is the descent of the pelvic organs into the vagina accompanied by urinary, bowel, and sexual. Many types of surgeries are done to fix the organ prolapse. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to study the intra-operative ...

Abstract	Background: Pelvic organ prolapse is the descent of the pelvic organs into the vagina accompanied by urinary, bowel, and sexual. Many types of surgeries are done to fix the organ prolapse. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to study the intra-operative and immediate post-operative complications in patients undergoing surgery for genital prolapse. The study also aims to follow the patients for a period of 1 year evaluate the possible morbidity during the period and also assess the factors which contribute to this morbidity. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry among 121 patients who were admitted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology for genital prolapse. It was intended to study the intraoperative, early post-operative, and long-term complications among these patients who underwent vaginal surgeries for genital prolapse. Results: Ward Mayo’s operation was done in the age group of 45–50 years and Manchester repair was done in the age group of 30–35 years. Patients who underwent Ward Mayo’s procedure had a parity of 3.5. Nearly 25% of patients had a parity of 25. There was a significant difference in operating time when surgeries were done by consultants when compared to senior residents (P=0.002) but there was no significant difference in blood loss (P=0.070). A significant increase in blood loss and operating time was noted when vaginal hysterectomy was combined with both anterior and posterior repair. In cases of complications, it was prolonged. Backache (4.95%, 4.13%, and 4.13) and psychological problems (4.13%. 6.61%, and 6.61%) after 6 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year, respectively, were common long-term complications that could be attributed to decreased awareness among our women. Conclusion: It is concluded from the study that vaginal surgeries for genital prolapse have lesser complications both intra-operatively and during the post-operative period. The patient’s characteristics such as age, parity, other illnesses, and surgical details ...
Keywords	anterior repair ; hysterectomy ; manchester ; posterior repair ; ward mayo ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Inflammation and decreased cardiovagal modulation are linked to stress and depression at 36th week of pregnancy in gestational diabetes mellitus

Manoharan Renugasundari / Gopal Krushna Pal / Latha Chaturvedula / Nivedita Nanda / K. T. Harichandrakumar / Thiyagarajan Durgadevi

Scientific Reports, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2023 Volume 15

Abstract: Abstract Stress and depression have been reported in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Though inflammation and oxidative stress are associated with depression, there are no reports of link of cardiometabolic risks (CMR) to stress and depression in GDM. ...

Abstract	Abstract Stress and depression have been reported in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Though inflammation and oxidative stress are associated with depression, there are no reports of link of cardiometabolic risks (CMR) to stress and depression in GDM. Normal pregnant women (control group, n = 164) and women with GDM (study group, n = 176) at 36th week of gestation were recruited for the study. Blood pressure (BP), body composition, heart rate variability (HRV), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), markers of insulin resistance, oxidative stress, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, were assessed. Perceived stress score (PSS), quality of life (QoL) scale, Indian diabetic risk score (IDRS) and Edinburg postnatal depression score (EPDS) were assessed. Association of potential contributors to PSS and EDPS were assessed by correlation and regression analyses. There was significant increase in PSS, EPDS, IDRS scores, HbA1C, malondialdehyde (MDA) (oxidative stress marker) and high-sensitive C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 (inflammatory markers), and significant decrease in total power (TP) of HRV (marker of cardiovagal modulation), QoL and nitric oxide (endothelial dysfunction marker) in study group compared to control group. Though many cardiometabolic risk parameters were correlated with PSS and EPDS, the significant independent association was observed for TP, HbA1C, MDA and interleukin-6. However, interleukin-6 had maximum contribution to PSS (β = 0.550, p < 0.001) and EPDS (β = 0.393, p < 0.001) as demonstrated by multiple regression analysis. Inflammation, oxidative stress, glycation status and decreased cardiovagal modulation are associated with stress and depression at 36th week of gestation in GDM.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Two rare complications of twin gestation manifesting as arrest of descent in the second stage of labor

P Veena / Latha Chaturvedula

International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research, Vol 3, Iss 2, Pp 94-

2016 Volume 96

Abstract: Two rare complications of twin gestation, namely, conjoined twins and interlocking of twins, manifested as arrest of descent in the second stage of labor. This article reports in detail about how the diagnosis of conjoined twins was missed by ... ...

Abstract	Two rare complications of twin gestation, namely, conjoined twins and interlocking of twins, manifested as arrest of descent in the second stage of labor. This article reports in detail about how the diagnosis of conjoined twins was missed by ultrasonogram and interlocking of twins unusually occurred in diamniotic twins. The management of these rare conditions is also mentioned to aid readers to act accordingly in rare undiagnosed cases.
Keywords	Conjoined twins ; interlocked twins ; intrapartum complications ; twin gestation ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Fungal Profile of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Krishnapriya Kalaiarasan / Rakesh Singh / Latha Chaturvedula

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, Vol 11, Iss 3, Pp DC06-DC

2017 Volume 09

Abstract: Introduction: Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) is a common medical health problem of adult women. It is most commonly caused by Candida albicans. But there is a change in fungal profile. Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar (SDA) is the most common culture medium ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) is a common medical health problem of adult women. It is most commonly caused by Candida albicans. But there is a change in fungal profile. Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar (SDA) is the most common culture medium used where mixed fungal infection may be missed. It can be detected easily by using chromogenic culture medium. Aim: To know the fungal profile of vulvovaginal candidiasis using Candida CHROMagar and antifungal susceptibility pattern in patients attending tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: Culture confirmed cases of VVC presented at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India, from July 2015 to December 2015 were included in the cross-sectional study. Two high vaginal swabs were collected and inoculated on SDA and Candida CHROMagar (Hi-Media, Mumbai, India). After overnight incubation the colonies were counted and colour of the colonies were recorded from Candida CHROMagar. Candida spp. were identified by sugar fermentation and assimilation tests and other conventional tests. Antifungal susceptibility tests were performed by the disc diffusion method using fluconazole (25 µg) and voriconazole (1µg) as per the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI - M44-A2) guidelines. Results: A total of 50 culture confirmed (23.7%) cases were detected from 211 clinically suspected VVC cases. Candida glabrata (45.1%) was the most common isolate, followed by Candida tropicalis (23.5%), Candida albicans (17.6%), Candida krusei (9.8%) and Candida parapsilosis (3.9%). One mixed infection of C. glabrata and C. albicans was identified on Candida CHROMagar. Mixed fungal infection was observed in 2% of positive culture and 0.5% of VVC cases. The antifungal susceptibility testing revealed that 15.7% and 9.8% isolates of Candida spp. were resistant and Susceptible Dose Dependent (S-DD) respectively to fluconazole. The increase resistant against fluconazole was because of ...
Keywords	antifungal susceptibility testing ; candida chromagar ; fungal infection ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Neonatal outcome in maternal genital tract group B streptococcal colonization

Vijayan Sharmila / Thirunavukkarasu Arun Babu / Latha Chaturvedula

International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vol 5, Iss 10, Pp 3444-

2016 Volume 3447

Abstract: Background: Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of early onset neonatal infections and associated morbidity and mortality in the western world. The objective of this study was to assess neonatal outcome in maternal genital tract Group B ... ...

Abstract	Background: Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of early onset neonatal infections and associated morbidity and mortality in the western world. The objective of this study was to assess neonatal outcome in maternal genital tract Group B streptococcal (GBS) colonization. Methods: Pregnant women with gestational age greater than 24 weeks were screened for vaginal GBS colonization during their regular visits to antenatal clinic. The vaginal swabs were inoculated in Todd Hewitt broth and later sub-cultured on blood agar for isolation of GBS. The patients were followed up till delivery. Neonatal characteristics like symptoms of clinical sepsis, screening tests for sepsis, culture positivity, low birth weight, preterm delivery and survival at 1 month were recorded and analyzed. Results: A total of 316 pregnant women were enrolled in the study. GBS was isolated from 7 patients (2.3%). A statistically significant increase in occurrence of PROM in women with GBS colonization was noted. However, none of the babies born to women with GBS colonization developed any clinical or proven sepsis, low birth weight or any other negative outcomes. Conclusions: GBS colonization rate was extremely low in our study. There was significant association between maternal genital tract colonization of GBS and occurrence of PROM. However, no neonatal adverse effects were found to be associated with GBS colonization in pregnancy. [Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 2016; 5(10.000): 3444-3447]
Keywords	Group B streptococci ; Genital tract ; Colonization ; Neonatal outcome ; Premature rupture of membranes ; Neonatal sepsis ; Gynecology and obstetrics ; RG1-991 ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Medip Academy
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Maternal and Cord Blood Plasma sEng and TGF-β1 in Patients with Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

Vickneshwaran Vinayagam / Zachariah Bobby / Syed Habeebullah / Latha Chaturvedula / Shruthi K Bharadwaj

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, Vol 11, Iss 3, Pp QC32-QC

A Pilot Study in a South Indian Population

2017 Volume 34

Abstract: Introduction: Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (HDP) are one of the most widespread complications of pregnancy that affects both mother and foetus. It has been observed that in Preeclampsia, the release of soluble angiogenic factors from the ischemic ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (HDP) are one of the most widespread complications of pregnancy that affects both mother and foetus. It has been observed that in Preeclampsia, the release of soluble angiogenic factors from the ischemic placenta into maternal plasma plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis. Aim: To assess the plasma Soluble Endoglin (sEng) and Transforming Growth Factor (TGF-β1) levels in various types of HDP and to correlate the levels of these markers with the pregnancy outcome. Materials and Methods: A total of 128 pregnant women were recruited and the study was carried out for a period of three years. Cord blood and maternal blood plasma levels of sEng and TGF-β1 were analysed by ELISA kits in Control Pregnant Women (CPW), Gestational Hypertension (GH), Early Onset Preeclampsia (EOPE), Late Onset Preeclampsia (LOPE), and Eclampsia (E) during third trimester. The Gestational Age (GA) at the time of delivery and Birth Weight (BW) of the baby also were also evaluated. Results: The circulating levels of maternal and cord blood sEng were significantly higher in EOPE and E compared to CPW and GH. However, the maternal and cord blood levels of TGFβ1 were significantly lower in LOPE and E when compared to CPW and GH. The GA and BW of the baby were found to be significantly lower in EOPE and E compared to CPW, GH and LOPE. Also, a negative correlation was observed between sEng levels with pregnancy outcome; GA and BW. And also, a positive correlation was found between TGF-β1 and pregnancy outcome. Conclusion: A generalised angiogenic imbalance and poor birth outcomes were observed in HDP. There is a spectrum of biochemical derangements related to angiogenesis in GH, EOPE, LOPE and E.
Keywords	angiogenic markers ; eclampsia ; preeclampsia ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Deoxyribonucleic acid damage study in primary amenorrhea by comet assay and karyotyping

Sarah Ramamurthy / Parkash Chand / Latha Chaturvedula / K Ramachandra Rao

Indian Journal of Human Genetics, Vol 19, Iss 4, Pp 397-

2013 Volume 402

Abstract: Aim: This study aims at evaluating the chromosomal abnormalities and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage in cases with primary amenorrhea by karyotyping and comet assay. Study Design: A total of 30 cases of primary amenorrhea were recruited. Secondary ... ...

Abstract	Aim: This study aims at evaluating the chromosomal abnormalities and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage in cases with primary amenorrhea by karyotyping and comet assay. Study Design: A total of 30 cases of primary amenorrhea were recruited. Secondary sexual characters were assessed by Tanner staging. Chromosomal analysis was performed by conventional phytohemagglutinin stimulated lymphocyte cell culture technique. Alkaline version of comet assay was used to evaluate DNA damage. Results: The chromosomal pattern of 20 subjects (66.7%) was found to be normal (46,XX). Two subjects had 46,XY pattern and eight subjects had Turner syndrome (45,X or 45,X/46,XX). The comet parameters were found to be increased among subjects with 45,X monosomy, when compared to the rest of the study group and also in subjects with Tanner stage 1 when compared to stage 2. Conclusion: Comet assay revealed increased DNA damage in cases with 45,X monosomy, compared with subjects with 46,XX and 46,XY karyotype, which correlated with clinical features.
Keywords	Comet assay ; deoxyribonucleic acid damage ; karyotyping ; primary amenorrhea ; Genetics ; QH426-470 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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