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  1. Article: Cancer-Causing Effects of Orthopaedic Metal Implants in Total Hip Arthroplasty.

    Sun, Cherry W Y / Lau, Lawrence C M / Cheung, Jason P Y / Choi, Siu-Wai

    Cancers

    2024  Volume 16, Issue 7

    Abstract: Background: Metal implants have been preferentially used in THA due to its biocompatibility, mechanical stability and durability. Yet concerns have emerged regarding their potential to release metallic ions, leading to long-term adverse effects, ... ...

    Abstract Background: Metal implants have been preferentially used in THA due to its biocompatibility, mechanical stability and durability. Yet concerns have emerged regarding their potential to release metallic ions, leading to long-term adverse effects, including carcinogenicity. This study aimed to investigate the risk of cancer development in patients with orthopaedic metal implants in total hip arthroplasty (THA).
    Methods: Patients with THA conducted at a local tertiary implant centre from 2001-2008 were linked to the local cancer registry and followed up to the end of 2023. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for cancer incidence and its confidence interval by Poisson distribution were calculated. Survival analysis was depicted using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank test was used to assess the differences across groups.
    Results: The study cohort included 388 patients and 53 cancers diagnosed during follow-up, at least 5 years post THA. All-site cancer risks were increased in patients with THA (SIR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.48-2.46), validated with chi-square analysis (chi-square = 15.2551, N = 100,388,
    Conclusions: Patients with THA were found to have an increased risk for cancer compared to the general population during a mean follow-up of 16 years.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-29
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2527080-1
    ISSN 2072-6694
    ISSN 2072-6694
    DOI 10.3390/cancers16071339
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Satisfactory long-term survival, functional and radiological outcomes of open-wedge high tibial osteotomy for managing knee osteoarthritis: Minimum 10-year follow-up study.

    Lau, Lawrence C M / Fan, Jason C H / Chung, Kwong-Yin / Cheung, Kin-Wing / Man, Gene C W / Hung, Yuk-Wah / Kwok, Carson K B / Ho, Kevin K W / Chiu, Kwok-Hing / Yung, Patrick S H

    Journal of orthopaedic translation

    2020  Volume 26, Page(s) 60–66

    Abstract: Background: This prospective cohort study was designed to evaluate the survivorship and functional outcomes associated with long-term results of medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) for the treatment of medial compartment knee osteoarthritis ...

    Abstract Background: This prospective cohort study was designed to evaluate the survivorship and functional outcomes associated with long-term results of medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) for the treatment of medial compartment knee osteoarthritis in the Chinese population. Although MOWHTO is a well-established procedure in the management of medial osteoarthritis of the knee, the long-term outcome in the Chinese population has not been reported in current literature. We hypothesised that MOWHTO would result in long-term preservation of knee function in Chinese, similar to that reported in the Caucasian population.
    Methods: A cohort of 22 young adult patients (age < 55 years old) undergoing MOWHTO for the treatment of symptomatic medial compartment knee osteoarthritis between 2002 and 2008 was retrospectively surveyed with a minimum follow-up of 10 years. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed, and the failure modes were investigated. The outcomes on survival (not requiring arthroplasty), clinical outcome (Knee Society Knee Score and Knee Society Function Score) and range of motion (numeric rating scale) at preoperative, 1-year postoperative follow-up and at last follow-up (>10 years) were evaluated. In addition, the mechanical tibiofemoral angle was also measured. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for statistical evaluation of nonparametric data in these related samples.
    Result: A total of 31 knees in these 22 cases were included. The follow-up rate was 100% at 13.4 ± 1.9 years (11-17). Mean age at time of surgery was 45.8 ± 9.5 years (18-53). At 10-year follow-up, four knees converted to require total knee arthroplasty (survival: 87.1%). Preoperative varus alignment with mechanical tibiofemoral angle of -9.26 ± 2.83 was corrected to 2.58 ± 2.46 after surgery and remained 2.01 ± 3.52 at the latest follow-up. Knee Society Knee Score increased significantly from 53.7 ± 11.1 preoperatively to 93.8 ± 6.8 at 1-year follow-up and 91.8 ± 9.7 at latest follow-up. Similarly, the functional score also increased significantly from 67.4 ± 21.0 preoperatively to 86.3 ± 14.5 at 1-year follow-up and 82.1 ± 16.6 at latest follow-up (
    Conclusion: Even in cases of severe medial osteoarthritis and varus malalignment, MOWHTO would be a good treatment option for management in active Chinese population less than 55 years. Although
    Translational potential: The finding in this study indicated MOWHTO is a feasible treatment option for young adult patients with osteoarthritis to achieve long-term satisfactory results.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-30
    Publishing country Singapore
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2747531-1
    ISSN 2214-031X
    ISSN 2214-031X
    DOI 10.1016/j.jot.2020.03.003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Association of common variants in TCF4 and PTPRG with Fuchs' corneal dystrophy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Lau, Lawrence C M / Ma, Li / Young, Alvin L / Rong, Shi Song / Jhanji, Vishal / Brelen, Marten E / Pang, Chi Pui / Chen, Li Jia

    PloS one

    2014  Volume 9, Issue 10, Page(s) e109142

    Abstract: Topic: A meta-analysis of TCF4 and PTPRG gene variants in Fuchs' corneal dystrophy (FCD).: Clinical relevance: To identify novel genetic markers in patients with FCD in different ethnic populations.: Methods: MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for ... ...

    Abstract Topic: A meta-analysis of TCF4 and PTPRG gene variants in Fuchs' corneal dystrophy (FCD).
    Clinical relevance: To identify novel genetic markers in patients with FCD in different ethnic populations.
    Methods: MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for eligible genetic studies on TCF4 and PTPRG in FCD. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of each single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in allelic, dominant and recessive models were estimated using fixed-effect model if I2<50% in the test for heterogeneity, otherwise the random effects model was used.
    Results: Thirty-three records were obtained, with 8 being suitable for meta-analysis, which included five SNPs in TCF4 and two in PTPRG. There were 1610 FCD patients and 1565 controls tested for TCF4 rs613872. This SNP was strongly associated with FCD in Caucasians (P = 5.0×10-106), with the risk allele G conferring an OR of 3.95 (95% CI: 3.49-4.46). A further 4 TCF4 SNPs (rs17595731, rs2286812, rs618869 and rs9954153) were also significantly associated with FCD in Caucasians (P<10-8). However, we found no SNP associated with FCD in Chinese. In addition, there was no significant association between FCD and PTPRG.
    Conclusion: TCF4 rs613872 is strongly associated with FCD in Caucasians but not in Chinese, which may suggest ethnic diversity in FCD SNP associations. SNPs in PTPRG were not associated with FCD in Caucasians or Chinese populations. Results of this meta-analysis indicate the need for larger-scale and multi-ethnic genetic studies on FCD to further explore the associated gene variants and their roles on the mechanism and genetic basis of FCD.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Alleles ; Asian People/genetics ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Fuchs' Endothelial Dystrophy/genetics ; Genetic Markers/genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 5/genetics ; Transcription Factor 4 ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; White People/genetics
    Chemical Substances Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors ; Genetic Markers ; TCF4 protein, human ; Transcription Factor 4 ; Transcription Factors ; PTPRG protein, human (EC 3.1.3.48) ; Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 5 (EC 3.1.3.48)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-10-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0109142
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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