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  1. Article ; Online: Propagation of Adult SSCs

    Laura A. Martin / Marco Seandel

    BioMed Research International, Vol

    From Mouse to Human

    2013  Volume 2013

    Abstract: Adult spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) represent a distinctive source of stem cells in mammals for several reasons. First, by giving rise to spermatogenesis, SSCs are responsible for the propagation of a father’s genetic material. As such, autologous ... ...

    Abstract Adult spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) represent a distinctive source of stem cells in mammals for several reasons. First, by giving rise to spermatogenesis, SSCs are responsible for the propagation of a father’s genetic material. As such, autologous SSCs have been considered for treatment of infertility and other purposes, including correction of inherited disorders. Second, adult spermatogonia can spontaneously produce embryonic-like stem cells in vitro, which could be used as an alternative for therapeutic, diagnostic, or drug discovery strategies for humans. Therefore, an increasing urgency is driving efforts to understand the biology of SSCs and improve techniques to manipulate them in vitro as a prerequisite to achieve the aforementioned goals. The characterization of adult SSCs also requires reproducible methods to isolate and maintain them in long-term culture. Herein, we describe recent major advances and challenges in propagation of adult SSCs from mice and humans during the past few years, including the use of unique cell surface markers and defined cultured conditions.
    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Hindawi Limited
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article: Mitochondrial cholesterol import

    Elustondo, Pia / Barbara Karten / Laura A. Martin

    Biochimica et biophysica acta. 2017 Jan., v. 1862, no. 1

    2017  

    Abstract: All animal subcellular membranes require cholesterol, which influences membrane fluidity and permeability, fission and fusion processes, and membrane protein function. The distribution of cholesterol among subcellular membranes is highly heterogeneous ... ...

    Abstract All animal subcellular membranes require cholesterol, which influences membrane fluidity and permeability, fission and fusion processes, and membrane protein function. The distribution of cholesterol among subcellular membranes is highly heterogeneous and the cholesterol content of each membrane must be carefully regulated. Compared to other subcellular membranes, mitochondrial membranes are cholesterol-poor, particularly the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). As a result, steroidogenesis can be controlled through the delivery of cholesterol to the IMM, where it is converted to pregnenolone. The low basal levels of cholesterol also make mitochondria sensitive to changes in cholesterol content, which can have a relatively large impact on the biophysical and functional characteristics of mitochondrial membranes. Increased mitochondrial cholesterol levels have been observed in diverse pathological conditions including cancer, steatohepatitis, Alzheimer disease and Niemann-Pick Type C1-deficiency, and are associated with increased oxidative stress, impaired oxidative phosphorylation, and changes in the susceptibility to apoptosis, among other alterations in mitochondrial function. Mitochondria are not included in the vesicular trafficking network; therefore, cholesterol transport to mitochondria is mostly achieved through the activity of lipid transfer proteins at membrane contact sites or by cytosolic, diffusible lipid transfer proteins. Here we will give an overview of the main mechanisms involved in mitochondrial cholesterol import, focusing on the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein StAR/STARD1 and other members of the StAR-related lipid transfer (START) domain protein family, and we will discuss how changes in mitochondrial cholesterol levels can arise and affect mitochondrial function. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Lipids of Mitochondria edited by Guenther Daum.
    Keywords Alzheimer disease ; animals ; apoptosis ; cholesterol ; functional properties ; membrane fluidity ; mitochondria ; mitochondrial membrane ; neoplasms ; oxidative phosphorylation ; oxidative stress ; permeability ; pregnenolone ; steroidogenesis ; steroidogenic acute regulatory protein
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-01
    Size p. 90-101.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ISSN 1388-1981
    DOI 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.08.012
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article ; Online: Enhanced Fitness of Adult Spermatogonial Stem Cells Bearing a Paternal Age-Associated FGFR2 Mutation

    Laura A. Martin / Nicholas Assif / Moses Gilbert / Dinali Wijewarnasuriya / Marco Seandel

    Stem Cell Reports, Vol 3, Iss 2, Pp 219-

    2014  Volume 226

    Abstract: Pathogenic de novo mutations increase with fathers’ age and could be amplified through competition between genetically distinct subpopulations of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). Here, we tested the fitness of SSCs bearing wild-type human FGFR2 or an ... ...

    Abstract Pathogenic de novo mutations increase with fathers’ age and could be amplified through competition between genetically distinct subpopulations of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). Here, we tested the fitness of SSCs bearing wild-type human FGFR2 or an Apert syndrome mutant, FGFR2 (S252W), to provide experimental evidence for SSC competition. The S252W allele conferred enhanced FGFR2-mediated signaling, particularly at very low concentrations of ligand, and also subtle changes in gene expression. Mutant SSCs exhibited improved competitiveness in vitro and increased stem cell activity in vivo upon transplantation. The fitness advantage in vitro only occurred in low concentrations of fibroblast growth factor (FGF), was independent of FGF-driven proliferation, and was accompanied by increased response to glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). Our studies provide experimental evidence of enhanced stem cell fitness in SSCs bearing a paternal age-associated mutation. Our model will be useful for interrogating other candidate mutations in the future to reveal mechanisms of disease risk.
    Keywords Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Male germ cells support long-term propagation of Zika virus

    Christopher L. Robinson / Angie C. N. Chong / Alison W. Ashbrook / Ginnie Jeng / Julia Jin / Haiqi Chen / Elizabeth I. Tang / Laura A. Martin / Rosa S. Kim / Reyn M. Kenyon / Eileen Do / Joseph M. Luna / Mohsan Saeed / Lori Zeltser / Harold Ralph / Vanessa L. Dudley / Marc Goldstein / Charles M. Rice / C. Yan Cheng /
    Marco Seandel / Shuibing Chen

    Nature Communications, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2018  Volume 11

    Abstract: Zika virus (ZIKV) can persist for months in semen and sperm. Here, the authors show that germ cells, compared to other cell types in the reproductive tract, are most susceptible to ZIKV and produce high levels of progeny virus, which coincides with ... ...

    Abstract Zika virus (ZIKV) can persist for months in semen and sperm. Here, the authors show that germ cells, compared to other cell types in the reproductive tract, are most susceptible to ZIKV and produce high levels of progeny virus, which coincides with decreased expression of the interferon-stimulated gene Ifi44l.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Male germ cells support long-term propagation of Zika virus

    Christopher L. Robinson / Angie C. N. Chong / Alison W. Ashbrook / Ginnie Jeng / Julia Jin / Haiqi Chen / Elizabeth I. Tang / Laura A. Martin / Rosa S. Kim / Reyn M. Kenyon / Eileen Do / Joseph M. Luna / Mohsan Saeed / Lori Zeltser / Harold Ralph / Vanessa L. Dudley / Marc Goldstein / Charles M. Rice / C. Yan Cheng /
    Marco Seandel / Shuibing Chen

    Nature Communications, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2018  Volume 11

    Abstract: Zika virus (ZIKV) can persist for months in semen and sperm. Here, the authors show that germ cells, compared to other cell types in the reproductive tract, are most susceptible to ZIKV and produce high levels of progeny virus, which coincides with ... ...

    Abstract Zika virus (ZIKV) can persist for months in semen and sperm. Here, the authors show that germ cells, compared to other cell types in the reproductive tract, are most susceptible to ZIKV and produce high levels of progeny virus, which coincides with decreased expression of the interferon-stimulated gene Ifi44l.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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