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Article ; Online: Association Between the Frequent Use of Perineal Talcum Powder Products and Ovarian Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Woolen, Sean A / Lazar, Ann A / Smith-Bindman, Rebecca

2022 Volume 37, Issue 10, Page(s) 2526–2532

Abstract: Background: Risk of ovarian cancer in women with frequent perineal talcum powder product is not well understood. Prior systematic reviews focused on ever use. The purpose of this study is to estimate the association between frequent (at least 2 times ... ...

Abstract	Background: Risk of ovarian cancer in women with frequent perineal talcum powder product is not well understood. Prior systematic reviews focused on ever use. The purpose of this study is to estimate the association between frequent (at least 2 times per week) perineal talcum powder use and ovarian cancer. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology guidelines. Study protocol was prospectively registered at PROSPERO (registration number CRD42020172720). Searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases from their inception to August 2, 2021. Case-control and cohort studies were included if they reported frequent perineal talcum powder use and an adjusted odds ratio or hazard ratio for ovarian cancer. Review for inclusion, data extraction, and quality assessment (using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale [NOS]) were performed independently by two reviewers. Pooled adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were generated from the random effects model. Heterogeneity was quantified with I Results: Initial database searches returned 761 unique citations and after review, eleven studies describing 66,876 patients, and 6542 cancers were included (Cohen's κ = 0.88). Publication quality was high (median NOS = 8, range: 4 to 9). Frequent talcum powder use was associated with an elevated risk of ovarian cancer (adjusted pooled summary odds ratio 1.47 (95% CI 1.31, 1.65, P<0.0001). There was no evidence of bias and low heterogeneity (I Conclusions: This review suggests an increased risk of ovarian cancer associated with frequent perineal powder exposure of 31-65%.
MeSH term(s)	Case-Control Studies ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Odds Ratio ; Ovarian Neoplasms/chemically induced ; Ovarian Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Talc/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Talc (14807-96-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	639008-0
ISSN	1525-1497 ; 0884-8734
ISSN (online)	1525-1497
ISSN	0884-8734
DOI	10.1007/s11606-022-07414-7
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Zs.A 2205: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Optimizing Imperfect Patient Management Recommendations Post-prostatectomy.

Roach, Mack / Lazar, Ann A

European urology oncology

2018 Volume 1, Issue 1, Page(s) 19–20

MeSH term(s)	Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery ; Salvage Therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-05-15
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ISSN	2588-9311
ISSN (online)	2588-9311
DOI	10.1016/j.euo.2018.03.014
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Article ; Online: Mammary Tumor-Derived Transplants as Breast Cancer Models to Evaluate Tumor-Immune Interactions and Therapeutic Responses.

Moore, Jade / Ma, Lin / Lazar, Ann A / Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen

Cancer research

2021 Volume 82, Issue 3, Page(s) 365–376

Abstract: In breast cancer, the type and distribution of infiltrating immune cells are associated with clinical outcome. Moreover, cancers with abundant tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) are more likely to respond to immunotherapy, whereas those in which ... ...

Abstract	In breast cancer, the type and distribution of infiltrating immune cells are associated with clinical outcome. Moreover, cancers with abundant tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) are more likely to respond to immunotherapy, whereas those in which CD8
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Breast Neoplasms/physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology ; Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/physiopathology ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Tumor Microenvironment
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1432-1
ISSN	1538-7445 ; 0008-5472
ISSN (online)	1538-7445
ISSN	0008-5472
DOI	10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-21-0253
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Article ; Online: Incidence of Fit Test Failure During N95 Respirator Reuse and Extended Use.

Wang, Ralph C / Degesys, Nida F / Fahimi, Jahan / Jin, Chengshi / Rosenthal, Efrat / Lazar, Ann A / Yaffee, Anna Q / Peterson, Susan / Rothmann, Richard E / Jones, Courtney M C / Tolia, Vaishal / Shah, Manish N / Raven, Maria C

JAMA network open

2024 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) e2353631

Abstract: Importance: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a widespread acute shortage of N95 respirators, prompting the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to develop guidelines for extended use and limited reuse of N95s for health care workers (HCWs). While ...

Abstract	Importance: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a widespread acute shortage of N95 respirators, prompting the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to develop guidelines for extended use and limited reuse of N95s for health care workers (HCWs). While HCWs followed these guidelines to conserve N95s, evidence from clinical settings regarding the safety of reuse and extended use is limited. Objective: To measure the incidence of fit test failure during N95 reuse and compare the incidence between N95 types. Design, setting, and participants: This prospective cohort study, conducted from April 2, 2021, to July 15, 2022, at 6 US emergency departments (EDs), included HCWs who practiced N95 reuse for more than half of their clinical shift. Those who were unwilling to wear an N95 for most of their shift, repeatedly failed baseline fit testing, were pregnant, or had facial hair or jewelry that interfered with the N95 face seal were excluded. Exposures: Wearing the same N95 for more than half of each clinical shift and for up to 5 consecutive shifts. Participants chose an N95 model available at their institution; models were categorized into 3 types: dome (3M 1860R, 1860S, and 8210), trifold (3M 1870+ and 9205+), and duckbill (Halyard 46727, 46767, and 46827). Participants underwent 2 rounds of testing using a different mask of the same type for each round. Main outcomes and measures: The primary outcome was Occupational Safety and Health Administration-approved qualitative fit test failure. Trained coordinators conducted fit tests after clinical shifts and recorded pass or fail based on participants tasting a bitter solution. Results: A total of 412 HCWs and 824 N95s were fit tested at baseline; 21 N95s (2.5%) were withdrawn. Participants' median age was 34.5 years (IQR, 29.5-41.8 years); 252 (61.2%) were female, and 205 (49.8%) were physicians. The overall cumulative incidence of fit failure after 1 shift was 38.7% (95% CI, 35.4%-42.1%), which differed by N95 type: dome, 25.8% (95% CI, 21.2%-30.6%); duckbill, 28.3% (95% CI, 22.2%-34.7%); and trifold, 61.3% (95% CI, 55.3%-67.3%). The risk of fit failure was significantly higher for trifold than dome N95s (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.46-2.10). Conclusions and relevance: In this cohort study of ED HCWs practicing N95 reuse, fit failure occurred in 38.7% of masks after 1 shift. Trifold N95s had higher incidence of fit failure compared with dome N95s. These results may inform pandemic preparedness, specifically policies related to N95 selection and reuse practices.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Adult ; Male ; N95 Respirators ; Incidence ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Prospective Studies ; Cohort Studies ; Respiratory Protective Devices
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2574-3805
ISSN (online)	2574-3805
DOI	10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.53631
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Article: Lack of TGFβ signaling competency predicts conversion of immune poor cancer to immune rich and response to checkpoint blockade.

Moore, Jade / Gkantalis, Jim / Guix, Ines / Chou, William / Yuen, Kobe / Lazar, Ann A / Spitzer, Mathew / Combes, Alexis J / Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2024

Abstract: Background: Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) is well-recognized as an immunosuppressive player in the tumor microenvironment but also has a significant impact on cancer cell phenotypes. Loss of TGFβ signaling impairs DNA repair competency, which ... ...

Abstract	Background: Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) is well-recognized as an immunosuppressive player in the tumor microenvironment but also has a significant impact on cancer cell phenotypes. Loss of TGFβ signaling impairs DNA repair competency, which is described by a transcriptomic score, βAlt. Cancers with high βAlt have more genomic damage and are more responsive to genotoxic therapy. The growing appreciation that cancer DNA repair deficits are important determinants of immune response prompted us to investigate βAlt's association with response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). We predicted that high βAlt tumors would be infiltrated with lymphocytes because of DNA damage burden and hence responsive to ICB. Methods: We analyzed public transcriptomic data from clinical trials and preclinical models using transcriptomic signatures of TGFβ targets, DNA repair genes, tumor educated immune cells and interferon. A high βAlt, immune poor mammary tumor derived transplant model resistant to programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies was studied using multispectral flow cytometry to interrogate the immune system. Results: Metastatic bladder patients in IMvigor 210 who responded to ICB had significantly increased βAlt scores and experienced significantly longer overall survival compared to those with low βAlt scores (hazard ratio 0.62, Conclusions: Our studies confirm βAlt as a biomarker that predicts response to ICB in immune poor cancers., which has implications for the development of therapeutic strategies to increase the number of cancer patients who will benefit from immunotherapy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2024.03.06.583752
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Article ; Online: Virtual versus usual in-office care for multiple sclerosis: The VIRTUAL-MS multi-site randomized clinical trial study protocol.

McGinley, Marisa / Carlson, Josh J / Reihm, Jennifer / Plow, Matthew / Roser, Megan / Sisodia, Nikki / Cohen, Jeffrey A / Misra-Hebert, Anita D / Lazar, Ann A / Bove, Riley

Contemporary clinical trials

2024 Volume 142, Page(s) 107544

Abstract: Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects nearly 1 million people and is estimated to cost $85.4 billion in the United States annually. People with MS have significant barriers to receiving care and telemedicine could substantially improve access to ... ...

Abstract	Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects nearly 1 million people and is estimated to cost $85.4 billion in the United States annually. People with MS have significant barriers to receiving care and telemedicine could substantially improve access to specialized, comprehensive care. In cross-sectional analyses, telemedicine has been shown to be feasible, have high patient and clinician satisfaction, reduce patient costs and burden, and enable a reasonable assessment of disability. However, no studies exist evaluating the longitudinal impact of telemedicine care for MS. Here we describe the study protocol for VIRtual versus UsuAL In-office care for Multiple Sclerosis (VIRTUAL-MS). The main objective of the study is to evaluate the impact of telemedicine for MS care on: patient clinical outcomes, economic costs, patient, and clinician experience. Methods: This two-site randomized clinical trial will enroll 120 adults with a recent diagnosis of MS and randomize 1:1 to receive in-clinic vs. telemedicine care for 24 months. The primary outcome of the study is worsening in any one of the four Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite 4 (MSFC4) measures at 24 months. Other study outcomes include patient and clinician satisfaction, major healthcare costs, Expanded Disability Status Scale, treatment adherence, and digital outcomes. Conclusion: The results of this study will directly address the key gaps in knowledge about longitudinal telemedicine-enabled care in an MS population. It will inform clinical care implementation as well as design of trials in MS and other chronic conditions. Trial registration: NCT05660187.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2182176-8
ISSN	1559-2030 ; 1551-7144
ISSN (online)	1559-2030
ISSN	1551-7144
DOI	10.1016/j.cct.2024.107544
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Zs.A 1581: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Hyperlactatemia in diabetic ketoacidosis.

Masharani, Umesh / Strycker, Lisa A / Lazar, Ann A / Wu, Karin / Brooks, George A

Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association

2021 Volume 39, Issue 4, Page(s) e14723

Abstract: Aims: The study examined the prevalence and degree of lactate elevation in diabetic ketoacidosis, and explored which biochemical abnormalities predicted L-lactate levels.: Methods: We reviewed episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis from 79 diabetes ... ...

Abstract	Aims: The study examined the prevalence and degree of lactate elevation in diabetic ketoacidosis, and explored which biochemical abnormalities predicted L-lactate levels. Methods: We reviewed episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis from 79 diabetes patients (one episode per patient). Separate univariate linear regression models were specified to predict lactate level from each of nine biochemical variables. Significant predictors from the univariate models were included in a final multivariate linear regression model to predict lactate levels. Results: Mean (SD) lactate level was 3.05 (1.66) mmol/L; about 65% of patients had lactate levels >2 mmol/L. In the final multivariate linear regression model (R Conclusions: Elevated lactate level is the norm in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis. Higher blood glucose levels and higher hydrogen ion concentrations are related to greater lactate. With treatment, there are different patterns of decline in lactate levels.
MeSH term(s)	3-Hydroxybutyric Acid ; Blood Glucose ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetic Ketoacidosis/complications ; Diabetic Ketoacidosis/epidemiology ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia/complications ; Hyperlactatemia/complications ; Hyperlactatemia/etiology ; Lactic Acid
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose ; Lactic Acid (33X04XA5AT) ; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid (TZP1275679)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	605769-x
ISSN	1464-5491 ; 0742-3071 ; 1466-5468
ISSN (online)	1464-5491
ISSN	0742-3071 ; 1466-5468
DOI	10.1111/dme.14723
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Zs.A 1954: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Different α-synuclein prion strains cause dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy.

Ayers, Jacob I / Lee, Joanne / Monteiro, Octovia / Woerman, Amanda L / Lazar, Ann A / Condello, Carlo / Paras, Nick A / Prusiner, Stanley B

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

2022 Volume 119, Issue 6

Abstract: The α-synuclein protein can adopt several different conformations that cause neurodegeneration. Different α-synuclein conformers cause at least three distinct α-synucleinopathies: multiple system atrophy (MSA), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and ... ...

Abstract	The α-synuclein protein can adopt several different conformations that cause neurodegeneration. Different α-synuclein conformers cause at least three distinct α-synucleinopathies: multiple system atrophy (MSA), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and Parkinson's disease (PD). In earlier studies, we transmitted MSA to transgenic (Tg) mice and cultured HEK cells both expressing mutant α-synuclein (A53T) but not to cells expressing α-synuclein (E46K). Now, we report that DLB is caused by a strain of α-synuclein prions that is distinct from MSA. Using cultured HEK cells expressing mutant α-synuclein (E46K), we found that DLB prions could be transmitted to these HEK cells. Our results argue that a third strain of α-synuclein prions likely causes PD, but further studies are needed to identify cells and/or Tg mice that express a mutant α-synuclein protein that is permissive for PD prion replication. Our findings suggest that other α-synuclein mutants should give further insights into α-synuclein prion replication, strain formation, and disease pathogenesis, all of which are likely required to discover effective drugs for the treatment of PD as well as the other α-synucleinopathies.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Cell Line ; Dementia/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Lewy Body Disease/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple System Atrophy/metabolism ; Parkinson Disease/metabolism ; Prions/metabolism ; Synucleinopathies/metabolism ; alpha-Synuclein/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Prions ; alpha-Synuclein
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	209104-5
ISSN	1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
ISSN (online)	1091-6490
ISSN	0027-8424
DOI	10.1073/pnas.2113489119
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Zs.A 1148: Show issues

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Article ; Online: A Walking Intervention to Increase Weekly Steps in Dialysis Patients: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Sheshadri, Anoop / Kittiskulnam, Piyawan / Lazar, Ann A / Johansen, Kirsten L

American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation

2019 Volume 75, Issue 4, Page(s) 488–496

Abstract: Rationale & objective: Patients receiving dialysis report very low physical activity. We implemented a pilot trial to assess the feasibility of a pedometer-based intervention to gather preliminary evidence about its impact on physical activity, symptoms, ...

Abstract	Rationale & objective: Patients receiving dialysis report very low physical activity. We implemented a pilot trial to assess the feasibility of a pedometer-based intervention to gather preliminary evidence about its impact on physical activity, symptoms, and surrogates of cardiovascular risk. Study design: Pilot randomized controlled trial. Setting & participants: 60 dialysis patients from San Francisco dialysis clinics. Intervention: Participants were randomly assigned 1:1 to receiving pedometers with weekly step goals or usual care for 3 months. Outcomes: The primary outcome was step counts, measured using pedometers. Secondary outcomes included physical performance using the Short Physical Performance Battery, the Physical Function and Vitality scales of the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, the Dialysis Symptoms Index, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale, with endothelial function as a secondary and heart rate variability as an exploratory surrogate measure of cardiovascular risk. Targeted enrollment was 50% and targeted completion was 85%. Results: 49% of approached patients were enrolled, and 92% completed the study. After 3 months, patients randomly assigned to the intervention (n=30) increased their average daily steps by 2,256 (95% CI, 978-3,537) more than the 30 controls (P<0.001). Heart rate variability (standard deviation of N-N intervals) increased by 14.94 (95% CI, 0.31-33.56) millisecondsin the intervention group as compared with controls (P = 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences across intervention groups in symptoms, physical performance, or endothelial function. Participants in the intervention group reverted to baseline steps during the postintervention follow-up. Limitations: The Northern California study setting may limit generalizability. Walking does not capture the full spectrum of physical activity. Conclusions: A short-term pedometer-based intervention led to increased step counts in dialysis patients, but the increase was not sustained. Pedometer-based interventions are feasible for dialysis patients, but future studies are needed to address whether more prolonged interventions can improve physical function or symptoms. Funding: Supported by grants from the American Kidney Fund, National Institutes of Health-National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, and International Society of Nephrology. Trial registration: Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with study identifier NCT02623348.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Exercise/physiology ; Female ; Fitness Trackers/trends ; Follow-Up Studies ; Health Promotion/methods ; Health Promotion/trends ; Heart Rate/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pilot Projects ; Renal Dialysis/methods ; Renal Dialysis/trends ; Time Factors ; Walking/physiology ; Walking/trends
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-11-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	604539-x
ISSN	1523-6838 ; 0272-6386
ISSN (online)	1523-6838
ISSN	0272-6386
DOI	10.1053/j.ajkd.2019.07.026
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Zs.A 1669: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article: HPV Type Distribution in Benign, High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions and Squamous Cell Cancers of the Anus by HIV Status.

Chowdhury, Sona / Darragh, Teresa M / Berry-Lawhorn, J Michael / Isaguliants, Maria G / Vonsky, Maxim S / Hilton, Joan F / Lazar, Ann A / Palefsky, Joel M

Cancers

2023 Volume 15, Issue 3

Abstract: The incidence of anal cancer is increasing, especially in high-risk groups, such as PLWH. HPV 16, a high-risk (HR) HPV genotype, is the most common genotype in anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in ... ...

Abstract	The incidence of anal cancer is increasing, especially in high-risk groups, such as PLWH. HPV 16, a high-risk (HR) HPV genotype, is the most common genotype in anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the general population. However, few studies have described the distribution of HR HPV genotypes other than HPV 16 in the anus of PLWH. HPV genotyping was performed by DNA amplification followed by dot-blot hybridization to identify the HR and low-risk (LR) genotypes in benign anal lesions (n = 34), HSIL (n = 30), and SCC (n = 51) of PLWH and HIV-negative individuals. HPV 16 was the most prominent HR HPV identified, but it was less common in HSIL and SCC from PLWH compared with HIV-negative individuals, and other non-HPV 16 HR HPV (non-16 HR HPV) types were more prevalent in samples from PLWH. A higher proportion of clinically normal tissues from PLWH were positive for one or more HPV genotypes. Multiple HPV infection was a hallmark feature for all tissues (benign, HSIL, SCC) of PLWH. These results indicate that the development of anal screening approaches based on HPV DNA testing need to include non-16 HR HPVs along with HPV 16, especially for PLWH. Along with anal cytology, these updated screening approaches may help to identify and prevent anal disease progression in PLWH.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-20
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2527080-1
ISSN	2072-6694
ISSN	2072-6694
DOI	10.3390/cancers15030660
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