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  1. Article: Surface energy of air fractionated corn stover

    Leal, Juan H / Moore, Cameron M / Sutton, Andrew D / Semelsberger, Troy A

    Elsevier B.V. Industrial crops and products. 2019 Oct. 01, v. 137

    2019  

    Abstract: Despite decades of research, Integrated Biorefineries (IBRs) are still not commercially viable because of the long-standing, unresolved challenges related to biomass solids handling and transport (e.g., flowability and fouling), and pretreatment e.g., ... ...

    Abstract Despite decades of research, Integrated Biorefineries (IBRs) are still not commercially viable because of the long-standing, unresolved challenges related to biomass solids handling and transport (e.g., flowability and fouling), and pretreatment e.g., wettability and conversion). The compendium of challenges facing IBRs lead to operational reliability and time-on-stream estimates of 30%, yet economically viable IBRs require greater than 90% operational reliabilities. The performance of commercial solids handling operations is largely dependent on the fundamental thermodynamic property, surface energy. Combining surface area, thermogravimetric, and inverse gas chromatography analyses, we show the observed differences in surface energy (e.g., wettability and work of cohesion) for anatomically air fractionated corn (Zea mays L.) stover. This study highlights the importance of understanding and tuning biomass surface energy to improve IBR solids handling and transport, and pretreatment operations.
    Keywords Zea mays ; air ; biomass ; biorefining ; cohesion ; corn ; corn stover ; economic sustainability ; energy ; fouling ; fractionation ; gas chromatography ; surface area ; thermodynamics ; thermogravimetry ; wettability
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-1001
    Size p. 628-635.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1132158-1
    ISSN 1872-633X ; 0926-6690
    ISSN (online) 1872-633X
    ISSN 0926-6690
    DOI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.05.046
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: Near-Room-Temperature Magnetoelectric Coupling via Spin Crossover in an Iron(II) Complex.

    Owczarek, Magdalena / Lee, Minseong / Liu, Shuanglong / Blake, Ella R / Taylor, Chloe S / Newman, Georgia A / Eckert, James C / Leal, Juan H / Semelsberger, Troy A / Cheng, Hai-Ping / Nie, Wanyi / Zapf, Vivien S

    Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)

    2022  Volume 61, Issue 52, Page(s) e202214335

    Abstract: Magnetoelectric coupling is achieved near room temperature in a spin crossover ... ...

    Abstract Magnetoelectric coupling is achieved near room temperature in a spin crossover Fe
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-23
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2011836-3
    ISSN 1521-3773 ; 1433-7851
    ISSN (online) 1521-3773
    ISSN 1433-7851
    DOI 10.1002/anie.202214335
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Impacts of Biological Heating and Degradation during Bale Storage on the Surface Properties of Corn Stover.

    Bose, Elizabeth / Leal, Juan H / Hoover, Amber N / Zeng, Yining / Li, Chenlin / Ray, Allison E / Semelsberger, Troy A / Donohoe, Bryon S

    ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering

    2020  Volume 8, Issue 37, Page(s) 13973–13983

    Abstract: The variability of chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks has a major impact on the efficiency of biomass processing and conversion to fuels and chemicals. Storage conditions represent a key source of ... ...

    Abstract The variability of chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks has a major impact on the efficiency of biomass processing and conversion to fuels and chemicals. Storage conditions represent a key source of variability that may contribute to biomass quality variations from the time of harvest until delivery to the biorefinery. In some cases, substantial microbial degradation can take place during storage. In this work, we investigate how degradation during storage affects the surface texture, surface energy, and porosity of different corn stover anatomical fractions (e.g., leaf, stalk, and cob). Understanding any potential changes in surface properties is important because interparticle interactions during bioprocessing cause aggregation and blockages that lead to at least process inefficiency and at most complete equipment failure. The surface roughness and texture parameters of corn stover with variable degrees of microbial degradation were calculated directly from stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy micrographs. Surface energy and porosity were measured by inverse gas chromatography. The results show differing trends in the impact of increasing biological heating and degradation depending on the specific corn stover tissue type that was analyzed. These results also indicate that biomass surface properties are scale-dependent and that the scale, which is most industrially relevant, may depend on the specific unit operation within the biorefinery being considered.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2168-0485
    ISSN 2168-0485
    DOI 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c03356
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  4. Article: Camphorane as a Renewable Diesel Blendstock Produced by Cyclodimerization of Myrcene

    Staples, Orion / Leal, Juan H / Cherry, Patrick A / McEnally, Charles S / Pfefferle, Lisa D / Semelsberger, Troy A / Sutton, Andrew D / Moore, Cameron M

    Energy & fuels. 2019 Sept. 16, v. 33, no. 10

    2019  

    Abstract: Camphorene was synthesized by the thermal Diels–Alder cyclodimerization of myrcene and subsequently hydrogenated to produce camphorane. On the basis of common fuel metrics (density, lower heating value, cetane, and viscosity) the prepared camphorane fuel ...

    Abstract Camphorene was synthesized by the thermal Diels–Alder cyclodimerization of myrcene and subsequently hydrogenated to produce camphorane. On the basis of common fuel metrics (density, lower heating value, cetane, and viscosity) the prepared camphorane fuel displays appropriate physicochemical properties for its implementation in compression ignition engines. The high viscosity of camphorane necessitates its blending with petroleum diesel, which provides a final fuel within the ASTM specification for diesel. Soot production measurements of camphorane and its blends with diesel demonstrate a potential to significantly reduce soot emissions. The physicochemical and combustion properties of camphorane are further compared to those of other terpene biofuels along with biodiesel.
    Keywords biodiesel ; combustion ; cycloaddition reactions ; emissions ; myrcene ; petroleum ; soot ; viscosity
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-0916
    Size p. 9949-9955.
    Publishing place American Chemical Society
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1483539-3
    ISSN 1520-5029 ; 0887-0624
    ISSN (online) 1520-5029
    ISSN 0887-0624
    DOI 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b02557
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  5. Article: Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of Biomass Derived Ketones Using Supported Transition Metals in a Continuous Reactor

    Yang, Xiaokun / Jenkins, Rhodri W / Leal, Juan H / Moore, Cameron M / Judge, Elizabeth J / Semelsberger, Troy A / Sutton, Andrew D

    ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering. 2019 Aug. 14, v. 7, no. 17

    2019  

    Abstract: The hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of 5-nonanone—a model compound for more complex biomass-derived molecules—to n-nonane was investigated using a variety of heterogeneous multifunctional metal-impregnated aluminosilicate catalysts in a packed-bed continuous ... ...

    Abstract The hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of 5-nonanone—a model compound for more complex biomass-derived molecules—to n-nonane was investigated using a variety of heterogeneous multifunctional metal-impregnated aluminosilicate catalysts in a packed-bed continuous flow reactor system. Under optimized reaction conditions (200 °C, 1.38 MPa H₂), >99% conversion and >99% selectivity to n-nonane was achieved within a 30 min residence time over both Ni (7 wt %) and Co (9 wt %) supported on Perlkat 79-3, a high-surface area amorphous aluminosilicate. This work provides a further understanding of the effects of different metals, supports, and metal loading amounts on HDO of 5-nonanone and demonstrates an efficient translation of HDO reactions of ketones from batch reactors to continuous flow systems.
    Keywords aluminum silicates ; batch systems ; biomass ; catalysts ; cobalt ; hydrogen ; ketones ; nickel
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-0814
    Size p. 14521-14530.
    Publishing place American Chemical Society
    Document type Article
    ISSN 2168-0485
    DOI 10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b02041
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  6. Article: Impacts of Inorganic Material (Total Ash) on Surface Energy, Wettability, and Cohesion of Corn Stover

    Leal, Juan H / Torres, Estrella L / Rouse, William Travis / Moore, Cameron M / Sutton, Andrew D / Hoover, Amber N / Li, Chenlin / Resch, Michael G / Donohoe, Bryon S / Ray, Allison E / Semelsberger, Troy A

    ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering. 2020 Jan. 06, v. 8, no. 4

    2020  

    Abstract: The impacts and variability of inorganic material (measured as total ash) on surface area, surface energy, wettability, and cohesion of corn stover samples from Iowa were examined. The impact of total ash on the acid component of surface energy was ... ...

    Abstract The impacts and variability of inorganic material (measured as total ash) on surface area, surface energy, wettability, and cohesion of corn stover samples from Iowa were examined. The impact of total ash on the acid component of surface energy was determined to be significant with the acid component increasing with increasing ash content, in particular, the samples with total ash contents greater than 10%. Negligible effects with ash content were observed on both the dispersive and base components of surface energy. The work of cohesion for the compositions of corn stover with varying amounts of total inorganic matter increased with increasing total ash content, giving rise to potential bulk solids handling and transport challenges related to segregation, agglomeration, rat-holing, arching, and discontinuous flow patterns. Both the wettability (hydrophilicity) and work of cohesion increased for compositions of corn stover with increasing total inorganic content. Washing proved effective at removing extrinsic inorganic material from corn stover with a reduction in total ash content from 20.4% to 6.2%, accompanied by a significant reduction (from 85.6 to 42.5 mJ/m2) in the acid component of the surface energy.
    Keywords ash content ; cohesion ; corn stover ; energy ; hydrophilicity ; inorganic matter ; surface area ; washing ; wettability ; Iowa
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0106
    Size p. 2061-2072.
    Publishing place American Chemical Society
    Document type Article
    ISSN 2168-0485
    DOI 10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b06759
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  7. Article: Multiscale Characterization of Lignocellulosic Biomass Variability and Its Implications to Preprocessing and Conversion: a Case Study for Corn Stover

    Ray, Allison E / Williams, C. Luke / Hoover, Amber N / Li, Chenlin / Sale, Kenneth L / Emerson, Rachel M / Klinger, Jordan / Oksen, Ethan / Narani, Akash / Yan, Jipeng / Beavers, Christine M / Tanjore, Deepti / Yunes, Manal / Bose, Elizabeth / Leal, Juan H / Bowen, Julie L / Wolfrum, Edward J / Resch, Michael G / Semelsberger, Troy A /
    Donohoe, Bryon S

    ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering. 2020 Feb. 11, v. 8, no. 8

    2020  

    Abstract: Feedstock variability that originates from biomass production and field conditions propagates through the value chain, posing a significant challenge to the emerging biorefinery industry. Variability in feedstock properties impacts feeding, handling, ... ...

    Abstract Feedstock variability that originates from biomass production and field conditions propagates through the value chain, posing a significant challenge to the emerging biorefinery industry. Variability in feedstock properties impacts feeding, handling, equipment operations, and conversion performance. Feedstock quality attributes, and their variations, are often overlooked in assessing feedstock value and utilization for conversion to fuels, chemicals, and products. This study developed and employed a multiscale analytical characterization approach coupled with data analytic methods to better understand the sources and distribution of feedstock quality variability through evaluation of 24 corn stover bales collected in 4 counties of Iowa. In total, 216 core samples were generated by sampling nine positions on each bale using a reliable bale coring process. The samples were characterized for a broad suite of physicochemical properties ranging across field and bale, macro, micro, and molecular scales. Results demonstrated that feedstock quality attributes can vary at all spatial scales and that multiple sources of variability must be considered in order to establish and manage biomass quality for conversion processes.
    Keywords bales ; biomass production ; biorefining ; case studies ; corn stover ; data analysis ; equipment ; feedstocks ; fuels ; industry ; lignocellulose ; physicochemical properties ; supply chain ; Iowa
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0211
    Size p. 3218-3230.
    Publishing place American Chemical Society
    Document type Article
    ISSN 2168-0485
    DOI 10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b06763
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