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Thesis ; Online: Test Structures and Economical Non-Destructive Measurement Techniques for Multilayer Printed Circuit Board Impedance Characterization

Wang Lee, Chun-Ting "Tim"

2020

Abstract: Engineers simulate printed circuit board (PCB) designs before manufacturing to ensure performance and to prevent system failures. Nonetheless, variations in the PCB manufacturing process often cause performance discrepancies between the designed circuit ... ...

Abstract	Engineers simulate printed circuit board (PCB) designs before manufacturing to ensure performance and to prevent system failures. Nonetheless, variations in the PCB manufacturing process often cause performance discrepancies between the designed circuit board and the fabricated circuit board. By having more information about the as-fabricated circuit board properties, designers can improve the correlation between simulation and measurement and avoid unexpected failures. Printed circuit board manufacturers can monitor the stability of the fabrication process by tracking the as-fabricated printed circuit board properties. To improve the correlation between simulation and measurement of multilayer printed circuit boards (PCBs), this thesis introduces test structures and non-destructive measurement methodologies to extract PCB material properties and the cross-sectional geometry. The test structures and non-destructive measurement techniques presented in this dissertation help engineers predict the as-fabricated impedance within 3% of the measured impedance. Three target as-fabricated parameters were extracted: the as-fabricated trace width, the as-fabricated substrate height, and the as-fabricated bulk dielectric constant. The relationships between the as-fabricated parameters and relevant electrical measurements were identified. Test structures and measurement techniques were developed to extract the as-fabricated parameters. The extraction results were compared to reference measurements to check for consistency. The extracted as-fabricated properties provide better inputs for transmission line modeling, and better metrics for monitoring printed circuit board manufacturing process.
Keywords	Electrical engineering\|Electromagnetics\|Design\|Materials science\|Industrial engineering
Subject code	620 ; 600
Language	ENG
Publishing date	2020-01-01 00:00:01.0
Publisher	University of Colorado at Boulder
Publishing country	us
Document type	Thesis ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Transcriptome analysis of human dorsal striatum implicates attenuated canonical WNT signaling in neuroinflammation and in age-related impairment of striatal neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity.

Wu, Chun / Bendriem, Raphael M / Freed, William J / Lee, Chun-Ting

Restorative neurology and neuroscience

2021 Volume 39, Issue 4, Page(s) 247–266

Abstract: Background: Motor and cognitive decline as part of the normal aging process is linked to alterations in synaptic plasticity and reduction of adult neurogenesis in the dorsal striatum. Neuroinflammation, particularly in the form of microglial activation, ...

Abstract	Background: Motor and cognitive decline as part of the normal aging process is linked to alterations in synaptic plasticity and reduction of adult neurogenesis in the dorsal striatum. Neuroinflammation, particularly in the form of microglial activation, is suggested to contribute to these age-associated changes. Objective and methods: To explore the molecular basis of alterations in striatal function during aging we analyzed RNA-Seq data for 117 postmortem human dorsal caudate samples and 97 putamen samples acquired through GTEx. Results: Increased expression of neuroinflammatory transcripts including TREM2, MHC II molecules HLA-DMB, HLA-DQA2, HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DMA and HLA-DRA, complement genes C1QA, C1QB, CIQC and C3AR1, and MHCI molecules HLA-B and HLA-F was identified. We also identified down-regulation of transcripts involved in neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and synaptic pruning, including DCX, CX3CL1, and CD200, and the canonical WNTs WNT7A, WNT7B, and WNT8A. The canonical WNT signaling pathway has previously been shown to mediate adult neurogenesis and synapse formation and growth. Recent findings also highlight the link between WNT/β-catenin signaling and inflammation pathways. Conclusions: These findings suggest that age-dependent attenuation of canonical WNT signaling plays a pivotal role in regulating striatal plasticity during aging. Dysregulation of WNT/β-catenin signaling via astrocyte-microglial interactions is suggested to be a novel mechanism that drives the decline of striatal neurogenesis and altered synaptic connectivity and plasticity, leading to a subsequent decrease in motor and cognitive performance with age. These findings may aid in the development of therapies targeting WNT/β-catenin signaling to combat cognitive and motor impairments associated with aging.
MeSH term(s)	Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; Neurogenesis/physiology ; Neuroinflammatory Diseases ; Neuronal Plasticity/genetics ; Receptors, Immunologic ; Wnt Signaling Pathway/genetics
Chemical Substances	Membrane Glycoproteins ; Receptors, Immunologic ; TREM2 protein, human
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-19
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1017098-4
ISSN	1878-3627 ; 0922-6028
ISSN (online)	1878-3627
ISSN	0922-6028
DOI	10.3233/RNN-211161
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Article ; Online: Enhancing the Spermidine Synthase-Based Polyamine Biosynthetic Pathway to Boost Rapid Growth in Marine Diatom

Lin, Hung-Yun / Liu, Chung-Hsiao / Kang, Yong-Ting / Lin, Sin-Wei / Liu, Hsin-Yun / Lee, Chun-Ting / Liu, Yu-Chen / Hsu, Man-Chun / Chien, Ya-Yun / Hong, Shao-Ming / Cheng, Yun-Hsuan / Hsieh, Bing-You / Lin, Han-Jia

Biomolecules

2024 Volume 14, Issue 3

Abstract: Diatoms, efficient carbon capture organisms, contribute to 20% of global carbon fixation and 40% of ocean primary productivity, garnering significant attention to their growth. Despite their significance, the synthesis mechanism of polyamines (PAs), ... ...

Abstract	Diatoms, efficient carbon capture organisms, contribute to 20% of global carbon fixation and 40% of ocean primary productivity, garnering significant attention to their growth. Despite their significance, the synthesis mechanism of polyamines (PAs), especially spermidine (Spd), which are crucial for growth in various organisms, remains unexplored in diatoms. This study reveals the vital role of Spd, synthesized through the spermidine synthase (SDS)-based pathway, in the growth of the diatom
MeSH term(s)	Diatoms/genetics ; Diatoms/metabolism ; Spermidine Synthase/genetics ; Spermidine Synthase/metabolism ; Polyamines/metabolism ; Biosynthetic Pathways ; Genome
Chemical Substances	Spermidine Synthase (EC 2.5.1.16) ; Polyamines
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2701262-1
ISSN	2218-273X ; 2218-273X
ISSN (online)	2218-273X
ISSN	2218-273X
DOI	10.3390/biom14030372
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Article: The cellular basis of fetal endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress in drug-induced neurodevelopmental deficits.

Tsai, S-Y A / Bendriem, Raphael M / Lee, Chun-Ting D

Neurobiology of stress

2018 Volume 10, Page(s) 100145

Abstract: Prenatal substance exposure is a growing public health concern worldwide. Although the opioid crisis remains one of the most prevalent addiction problems in our society, abuse of cocaine, methamphetamines, and other illicit drugs, particularly amongst ... ...

Abstract	Prenatal substance exposure is a growing public health concern worldwide. Although the opioid crisis remains one of the most prevalent addiction problems in our society, abuse of cocaine, methamphetamines, and other illicit drugs, particularly amongst pregnant women, are nonetheless significant and widespread. Evidence demonstrates prenatal drug exposure can affect fetal brain development and thus can have long-lasting impact on neurobehavioral and cognitive performance later in life. In this review, we highlight research examining the most prevalent drugs of abuse and their effects on brain development with a focus on endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress signaling pathways. A thorough exploration of drug-induced cellular stress mechanisms during prenatal brain development may provide insight into therapeutic interventions to combat effects of prenatal drug exposure.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-12-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2816500-7
ISSN	2352-2895
ISSN	2352-2895
DOI	10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.100145
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Article ; Online: Current Advances in the Biological Activity of Polysaccharides in Dendrobium with Intriguing Therapeutic Potential.

Lee, Chun-Ting / Kuo, Heng-Chun / Chen, Yung-Hsiang / Tsai, Ming-Yen

Current medicinal chemistry

2018 Volume 25, Issue 14, Page(s) 1663–1681

Abstract: The polysaccharides in many plants are attracting worldwide attention because of their biological activities and medical properties, such as anti-viral, anti-oxidative, antichronic inflammation, anti-hypertensive, immunomodulation, and neuron-protective ... ...

Abstract	The polysaccharides in many plants are attracting worldwide attention because of their biological activities and medical properties, such as anti-viral, anti-oxidative, antichronic inflammation, anti-hypertensive, immunomodulation, and neuron-protective effects, as well as anti-tumor activity. Denodrobium species, a genus of the family orchidaceae, have been used as herbal medicines for hundreds of years in China due to their pharmacological effects. These effects include nourishing the Yin, supplementing the stomach, increasing body fluids, and clearing heat. Recently, numerous researchers have investigated possible active compounds in Denodrobium species, such as lectins, phenanthrenes, alkaloids, trigonopol A, and polysaccharides. Unlike those of other plants, the biological effects of polysaccharides in Dendrobium are a novel research field. In this review, we focus on these novel findings to give readers an overall picture of the intriguing therapeutic potential of polysaccharides in Dendrobium, especially those of the four commonly-used Denodrobium species: D. huoshanense, D. offininale, D. nobile, and D. chrysotoxum.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Dendrobium/classification ; Humans ; Polysaccharides/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Polysaccharides
Language	English
Publishing date	2018
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1319315-6
ISSN	1875-533X ; 0929-8673
ISSN (online)	1875-533X
ISSN	0929-8673
DOI	10.2174/0929867324666170227114648
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Zs.A 4432: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Whole-genome expression analyses of type 2 diabetes in human skin reveal altered immune function and burden of infection.

Wu, Chun / Chen, Xiaopan / Shu, Jing / Lee, Chun-Ting

Oncotarget

2017 Volume 8, Issue 21, Page(s) 34601–34609

Abstract: Skin disorders are among most common complications associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although T2DM patients are known to have increased risk of infections and other T2DM-related skin disorders, their molecular mechanisms are largely ... ...

Abstract	Skin disorders are among most common complications associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although T2DM patients are known to have increased risk of infections and other T2DM-related skin disorders, their molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. This study aims to identify dysregulated genes and gene networks that are associated with T2DM in human skin. We compared the expression profiles of 56,318 transcribed genes on 74 T2DM cases and 148 gender- age-, and race-matched non-diabetes controls from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database. RNA-Sequencing data indicates that diabetic skin is characterized by increased expression of genes that are related to immune responses (CCL20, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL13, and CCL18), JAK/STAT signaling pathway (JAK3, STAT1, and STAT2), tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF10 and TNFSF15), and infectious disease pathways (OAS1, OAS2, OAS3, and IFIH1). Genes in cell adhesion molecules pathway (NCAM1 and L1CAM) and collagen family (PCOLCE2 and COL9A3) are downregulated, suggesting structural changes in the skin of T2DM. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, this pioneer analytic study reports comprehensive unbiased gene expression changes and dysregulated pathways in the non-diseased skin of T2DM patients. This comprehensive understanding derived from whole-genome expression profiles could advance our knowledge in determining molecular targets for the prevention and treatment of T2DM-associated skin disorders.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-05-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2560162-3
ISSN	1949-2553 ; 1949-2553
ISSN (online)	1949-2553
ISSN	1949-2553
DOI	10.18632/oncotarget.16118
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Article ; Online: 3D brain Organoids derived from pluripotent stem cells: promising experimental models for brain development and neurodegenerative disorders.

Lee, Chun-Ting / Bendriem, Raphael M / Wu, Wells W / Shen, Rong-Fong

Journal of biomedical science

2017 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 59

Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) brain organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), appear to recapitulate the brain's 3D cytoarchitectural arrangement and provide ... ...

Abstract	Three-dimensional (3D) brain organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), appear to recapitulate the brain's 3D cytoarchitectural arrangement and provide new opportunities to explore disease pathogenesis in the human brain. Human iPSC (hiPSC) reprogramming methods, combined with 3D brain organoid tools, may allow patient-derived organoids to serve as a preclinical platform to bridge the translational gap between animal models and human clinical trials. Studies using patient-derived brain organoids have already revealed novel insights into molecular and genetic mechanisms of certain complex human neurological disorders such as microcephaly, autism, and Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, the combination of hiPSC technology and small-molecule high-throughput screening (HTS) facilitates the development of novel pharmacotherapeutic strategies, while transcriptome sequencing enables the transcriptional profiling of patient-derived brain organoids. Finally, the addition of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing provides incredible potential for personalized cell replacement therapy with genetically corrected hiPSCs. This review describes the history and current state of 3D brain organoid differentiation strategies, a survey of applications of organoids towards studies of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders, and the challenges associated with their use as in vitro models of neurological disorders.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Brain/growth & development ; Brain/pathology ; Cell Differentiation ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/cytology ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/physiology ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/pathology ; Neurodevelopmental Disorders/pathology ; Organoids/cytology ; Organoids/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-08-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1193378-1
ISSN	1423-0127 ; 1021-7770
ISSN (online)	1423-0127
ISSN	1021-7770
DOI	10.1186/s12929-017-0362-8
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Zs.A 4037: Show issues

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Article ; Online: CNVs in neurodevelopmental disorders.

Lee, Chun-Ting / Freed, William J / Mash, Deborah C

Oncotarget

2015 Volume 6, Issue 21, Page(s) 18238–18239

MeSH term(s)	Autistic Disorder/genetics ; Cell Differentiation/genetics ; Chromosome Aberrations ; DNA Copy Number Variations ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism ; Neurodevelopmental Disorders/genetics ; Schizophrenia/genetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-07-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2560162-3
ISSN	1949-2553 ; 1949-2553
ISSN (online)	1949-2553
ISSN	1949-2553
DOI	10.18632/oncotarget.4853
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Article: Improvement in the Blood Urea Nitrogen and Serum Creatinine Using New Cultivation of

Yang, Chih-Hui / Kuo, Wen-Shuo / Wang, Jun-Sheng / Hsiang, Yi-Ping / Lin, Yu-Mei / Wang, Yi-Ting / Tsai, Fan-Hsuan / Lee, Chun-Ting / Chou, Jiun-Hua / Chang, Huei-Ya / Wang, Lung-Shuo / Wang, Shu-Chi / Huang, Keng-Shiang

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM

2022 Volume 2022, Page(s) 4321298

Abstract: Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a critical public health issue with a huge financial burden for both patients and society worldwide. Unfortunately, there are currently no efficacious therapies to prevent or delay the progression of end-stage ...

Abstract	Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a critical public health issue with a huge financial burden for both patients and society worldwide. Unfortunately, there are currently no efficacious therapies to prevent or delay the progression of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Traditional Chinese medicine practices have shown that Methods: Here, we investigated the effects of Results: The results at day 10 revealed that the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were significantly lower in the HKS (41%), HKS + A (41%), and CM + A (34%) groups compared with those in the corresponding control groups (nephrectomic mice). The level of serum creatinine in the HKS + A group decreased by 35% at day 10, whereas the levels in the HKS and CM + A groups decreased only by 14% and 13%, respectively, on day 30. Taken together, this is the first report using four new media (HKS, HKS + A, CM, and CM + A medium) for Conclusions: Taken together, this is the first report using four new media (HKS, HKS + A, CM, and CM + A medium) for
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2171158-6
ISSN	1741-4288 ; 1741-427X
ISSN (online)	1741-4288
ISSN	1741-427X
DOI	10.1155/2022/4321298
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Zs.A 5995: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Drug delivery systems and combination therapy by using vinca alkaloids.

Lee, Chun-Ting / Huang, Yen-Wei / Yang, Chih-Hui / Huang, Keng-Shiang

Current topics in medicinal chemistry

2015 Volume 15, Issue 15, Page(s) 1491–1500

Abstract: Developing new methods for chemotherapy drug delivery has become a topic of great concern. Vinca alkaloids are among the most widely used chemotherapy reagents for tumor therapy; however, their side effects are particularly problematic for many medical ... ...

Abstract	Developing new methods for chemotherapy drug delivery has become a topic of great concern. Vinca alkaloids are among the most widely used chemotherapy reagents for tumor therapy; however, their side effects are particularly problematic for many medical doctors. To reduce the toxicity and enhance the therapeutic efficiency of vinca alkaloids, many researchers have developed strategies such as using liposome-entrapped drugs, chemical- or peptide-modified drugs, polymeric packaging drugs, and chemotherapy drug combinations. This review mainly focuses on the development of a vinca alkaloid drug delivery system and the combination therapy. Five vinca alkaloids (eg, vincristine, vinblastine, vinorelbine, vindesine, and vinflunine) are reviewed.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Humans ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Vinca Alkaloids/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Vinca Alkaloids
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-03-23
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2064823-6
ISSN	1873-4294 ; 1568-0266
ISSN (online)	1873-4294
ISSN	1568-0266
DOI	10.2174/1568026615666150414120547
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Zs.A 5572: Show issues

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