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  1. Article ; Online: Determining the Young's Modulus of the Bacterial Cell Envelope.

    Lee, Junsung / Jha, Karan / Harper, Christine E / Zhang, Wenyao / Ramsukh, Malissa / Bouklas, Nikolaos / Dörr, Tobias / Chen, Peng / Hernandez, Christopher J

    ACS biomaterials science & engineering

    2024  Volume 10, Issue 5, Page(s) 2956–2966

    Abstract: Bacteria experience substantial physical forces in their natural environment, including forces caused by osmotic pressure, growth in constrained spaces, and fluid shear. The cell envelope is the primary load-carrying structure of bacteria, but the ... ...

    Abstract Bacteria experience substantial physical forces in their natural environment, including forces caused by osmotic pressure, growth in constrained spaces, and fluid shear. The cell envelope is the primary load-carrying structure of bacteria, but the mechanical properties of the cell envelope are poorly understood; reports of Young's modulus of the cell envelope of
    MeSH term(s) Staphylococcus aureus/physiology ; Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects ; Vibrio cholerae/physiology ; Escherichia coli/physiology ; Escherichia coli/drug effects ; Elastic Modulus ; Finite Element Analysis ; Cell Membrane/physiology ; Cell Membrane/drug effects ; Cell Wall/drug effects
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ISSN 2373-9878
    ISSN (online) 2373-9878
    DOI 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00105
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Simple transscleral fixation of IOL technique without tying up haptics.

    Lee, Junsung / Jang, Jae-Yong / Ji, Yong-Sok

    International journal of ophthalmology

    2020  Volume 13, Issue 7, Page(s) 1152–1155

    Abstract: Aim: To introduce a novel technique for transscleral fixation of the posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) that requires no sutures on the IOL haptics.: Methods: Instead of suturing polypropylene onto the IOL haptics, the method simply winds ... ...

    Abstract Aim: To introduce a novel technique for transscleral fixation of the posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) that requires no sutures on the IOL haptics.
    Methods: Instead of suturing polypropylene onto the IOL haptics, the method simply winds the thread on the haptics. Fifteen eyes of 15 patients underwent this technique and were followed up for more than 18mo. Surgical outcomes and post-operative complications were evaluated and compared with those of the conventional transscleral fixation method.
    Results: Postoperative cylinder was significantly lower in the thread winding group than in the conventional transscleral fixation method group (-1.02±0.46 diopters
    Conclusion: We believe that our thread winding technique is better than previously reported methods because it is simple, mechanically stable, and free from suture-related complications.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-18
    Publishing country China
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2663246-9
    ISSN 2227-4898 ; 2222-3959
    ISSN (online) 2227-4898
    ISSN 2222-3959
    DOI 10.18240/ijo.2020.07.20
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Targeted Fusogenic Liposomes for Effective Tumor Delivery and Penetration of Lipophilic Cargoes.

    Han, Hyeonjeong / Jung, Jik-Han / Lee, Hyoungjin / Lee, Junsung / Jang, Seong-Hoon / Goh, Unbyeol / Yoon, Jooeun / Park, Ji-Ho

    ACS biomaterials science & engineering

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 4, Page(s) 1919–1927

    Abstract: Nanoparticle-based drug delivery has been widely used for effective anticancer treatment. However, a key challenge restricting the efficacy of nanotherapeutics is limited tissue penetration within solid tumors. Here, we report a targeted fusogenic ... ...

    Abstract Nanoparticle-based drug delivery has been widely used for effective anticancer treatment. However, a key challenge restricting the efficacy of nanotherapeutics is limited tissue penetration within solid tumors. Here, we report a targeted fusogenic liposome (TFL) that can selectively deliver lipophilic cargo to the plasma membranes of tumor cells. TFL is prepared by directly attaching tumor-targeting peptides to the surface of FL instead of the cationic moieties. The lipophilic cargo loaded in the membrane of TFL is transferred to the plasma membranes of tumor cells and subsequently packaged in the extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by the cells. Systemically administered TFL accumulates in the perivascular region of tumors, where the lipophilic cargo is unloaded to the tumor cell membranes and distributed autonomously throughout the tumor tissue
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Animals ; Liposomes ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Peptides ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Extracellular Vesicles
    Chemical Substances Liposomes ; Peptides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2373-9878
    ISSN (online) 2373-9878
    DOI 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01490
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  4. Article: Cardiac Kinetic Energy and Viscous Dissipation Rate From Radial Flow Data.

    Frank, Sarah / Lee, Junsung / Lantz, Jonas / Ebbers, Tino / Shadden, Shawn C

    Frontiers in physiology

    2021  Volume 12, Page(s) 725104

    Abstract: Recent studies have correlated kinetic energy (KE) and viscous dissipation rate (VDR) in the left ventricle (LV) with heart health. These studies have relied on 4D-flow imaging or computational fluid dynamics modeling, which are able to measure, or ... ...

    Abstract Recent studies have correlated kinetic energy (KE) and viscous dissipation rate (VDR) in the left ventricle (LV) with heart health. These studies have relied on 4D-flow imaging or computational fluid dynamics modeling, which are able to measure, or compute, all 3 components (3C) of the blood flow velocity in 3 dimensional (3D) space. This richness of data is difficult to acquire clinically. Alternatively, color Doppler echocardiography (CDE) is more widespread clinically, but only measures a single radial component of velocity and typically only over a planar section. Because of this limitation, prior CDE-based studies have first reconstructed a second component of velocity in the measurement plane prior to evaluating VDR or KE. Herein, we propose 1C-based surrogates of KE and VDR that can be derived directly from the radial component of the flow velocity in the LV. Our results demonstrate that the proposed 1C-based surrogates of KE and VDR are generally as well-correlated with the true KE and VDR values as surrogates that use reconstructed 2C flow data. Moreover, the correlation of these 1C-based surrogates with the true values indicate that CDE (3D in particular) may be useful in evaluating these metrics in practice.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2564217-0
    ISSN 1664-042X
    ISSN 1664-042X
    DOI 10.3389/fphys.2021.725104
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  5. Article ; Online: Risk factors for fluoroquinolone resistance in ocular cultures.

    Lee, Junsung / Choi, Sangkyung

    Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO

    2015  Volume 29, Issue 1, Page(s) 7–13

    Abstract: Purpose: To identify the risk factors associated with fluoroquinolone resistance in patients undergoing cataract surgery.: Methods: A total of 1,125 patients (1,125 eyes) who underwent cataract surgery at Veterans Health Service Medical Center from ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To identify the risk factors associated with fluoroquinolone resistance in patients undergoing cataract surgery.
    Methods: A total of 1,125 patients (1,125 eyes) who underwent cataract surgery at Veterans Health Service Medical Center from May 2011 to July 2012 were enrolled in this study. Conjunctival cultures were obtained from the patients on the day of surgery before instillation of any ophthalmic solutions. The medical records of patients with positive coagulase negative staphylococcus (CNS) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) cultures were reviewed to determine factors associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
    Results: Of 734 CNS and S. aureus cultures, 175 (23.8%) were resistant to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, or moxifloxacin. Use of fluoroquinolone within 3 months and within 1 year before surgery, topical antibiotic use other than fluoroquinolone, systemic antibiotic use, recent hospitalization, ocular surgery, intravitreal injection and use of eyedrops containing benzalkonium chloride were significantly more frequent in resistant isolates than in susceptible isolates. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, ocular surgery (odds ratio [OR], 8.457), recent hospitalization (OR, 6.646) and use of fluoroquinolone within 3 months before surgery (OR, 4.918) were significant predictors of fluoroquinolone resistance, along with intravitreal injection (OR, 2.976), systemic antibiotic use (OR, 2.665), use of eyedrops containing benzalkonium chloride (OR, 2.323), use of fluoroquinolone within 1 year before surgery (OR, 1.943) and topical antibiotic use other than fluoroquinolone (OR, 1.673).
    Conclusions: Recent topical fluoroquinolone use, hospitalization and ocular surgery were significantly associated with fluoroquinolone resistance in CNS and S. aureus isolates from ocular culture.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Eye Infections, Bacterial/drug therapy ; Eye Infections, Bacterial/microbiology ; Female ; Fluoroquinolones/administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy ; Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology ; Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects ; Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Fluoroquinolones ; Ophthalmic Solutions
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-02
    Publishing country Korea (South)
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Randomized Controlled Trial
    ZDB-ID 639346-9
    ISSN 2092-9382 ; 1011-8942
    ISSN (online) 2092-9382
    ISSN 1011-8942
    DOI 10.3341/kjo.2015.29.1.7
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  6. Article: Evaluation of the equation for predicting dry matter intake of lactating dairy cows in the Korean feeding standards for dairy cattle.

    Lee, Mingyung / Lee, Junsung / Jeon, Seoyoung / Park, Seong-Min / Ki, Kwang-Seok / Seo, Seongwon

    Animal bioscience

    2020  Volume 34, Issue 10, Page(s) 1623–1631

    Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to validate and evaluate the dry matter (DM) intake prediction model of the Korean feeding standards for dairy cattle (KFSD).: Methods: The KFSD DM intake (DMI) model was developed using a database containing the data from ...

    Abstract Objective: This study aimed to validate and evaluate the dry matter (DM) intake prediction model of the Korean feeding standards for dairy cattle (KFSD).
    Methods: The KFSD DM intake (DMI) model was developed using a database containing the data from the Journal of Dairy Science from 2006 to 2011 (1,065 observations 287 studies). The development (458 observations from 103 studies) and evaluation databases (168 observations from 74 studies) were constructed from the database. The body weight (kg; BW), metabolic BW (BW0.75, MBW), 4% fat-corrected milk (FCM), forage as a percentage of dietary DM, and the dietary content of nutrients (% DM) were chosen as possible explanatory variables. A random coefficient model with the study as a random variable and a linear model without the random effect was used to select model variables and estimate parameters, respectively, during the model development. The best-fit equation was compared to published equations, and sensitivity analysis of the prediction equation was conducted. The KFSD model was also evaluated using in vivo feeding trial data.
    Results: The KFSD DMI equation is 4.103 (±2.994)+0.112 (±0.022)×MBW+0.284 (±0.020) ×FCM-0.119 (±0.028)×neutral detergent fiber (NDF), explaining 47% of the variation in the evaluation dataset with no mean nor slope bias (p>0.05). The root mean square prediction error was 2.70 kg/d, best among the tested equations. The sensitivity analysis showed that the model is the most sensitive to FCM, followed by MBW and NDF. With the in vivo data, the KFSD equation showed slightly higher precision (R2 = 0.39) than the NRC equation (R2 = 0.37), with a mean bias of 1.19 kg and no slope bias (p>0.05).
    Conclusion: The KFSD DMI model is suitable for predicting the DMI of lactating dairy cows in practical situations in Korea.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-09
    Publishing country Korea (South)
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2765-0189
    ISSN 2765-0189
    DOI 10.5713/ajas.20.0684
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Mechanical stimuli activate gene expression via a cell envelope stress sensing pathway.

    Harper, Christine E / Zhang, Wenyao / Lee, Junsung / Shin, Jung-Ho / Keller, Megan R / van Wijngaarden, Ellen / Chou, Emily / Wang, Zhaohong / Dörr, Tobias / Chen, Peng / Hernandez, Christopher J

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 13979

    Abstract: Mechanosensitive mechanisms are often used to sense damage to tissue structure, stimulating matrix synthesis and repair. While this kind of mechanoregulatory process is well recognized in eukaryotic systems, it is not known whether such a process occurs ... ...

    Abstract Mechanosensitive mechanisms are often used to sense damage to tissue structure, stimulating matrix synthesis and repair. While this kind of mechanoregulatory process is well recognized in eukaryotic systems, it is not known whether such a process occurs in bacteria. In Vibrio cholerae, antibiotic-induced damage to the load-bearing cell wall promotes increased signaling by the two-component system VxrAB, which stimulates cell wall synthesis. Here we show that changes in mechanical stress within the cell envelope are sufficient to stimulate VxrAB signaling in the absence of antibiotics. We applied mechanical forces to individual bacteria using three distinct loading modalities: extrusion loading within a microfluidic device, direct compression and hydrostatic pressure. In all cases, VxrAB signaling, as indicated by a fluorescent protein reporter, was increased in cells submitted to greater magnitudes of mechanical loading, hence diverse forms of mechanical stimuli activate VxrAB signaling. Reduction in cell envelope stiffness following removal of the endopeptidase ShyA led to large increases in cell envelope deformation and substantially increased VxrAB response, further supporting the responsiveness of VxrAB. Our findings demonstrate a mechanosensitive gene regulatory system in bacteria and suggest that mechanical signals may contribute to the regulation of cell wall homeostasis.
    MeSH term(s) Cell Membrane ; Cell Wall ; Homeostasis ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Gene Expression
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-40897-w
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  8. Article ; Online: A novel NFIA-NFκB feed-forward loop contributes to glioblastoma cell survival.

    Lee, JunSung / Hoxha, Edlira / Song, Hae-Ri

    Neuro-oncology

    2017  Volume 19, Issue 4, Page(s) 524–534

    Abstract: Background: The nuclear factor I-A (NFIA) transcription factor promotes glioma growth and inhibits apoptosis in glioblastoma (GBM) cells. Here we report that the NFIA pro-survival effect in GBM is mediated in part via a novel NFIA-nuclear factor-kappaB ( ...

    Abstract Background: The nuclear factor I-A (NFIA) transcription factor promotes glioma growth and inhibits apoptosis in glioblastoma (GBM) cells. Here we report that the NFIA pro-survival effect in GBM is mediated in part via a novel NFIA-nuclear factor-kappaB (NFκB) p65 feed-forward loop.
    Methods: We examined effects of gain- and loss-of-function manipulations of NFIA and NFκB p65 on each other's transcription, cell growth, apoptosis and sensitivity to chemotherapy in patient-derived GBM cells and established GBM cell lines.
    Results: NFIA enhanced apoptosis evasion by activating NFκB p65 and its downstream anti-apoptotic factors tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 1 (TRAF1) and cellular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (cIAPs). Induction of NFκB by NFIA was required to protect cells from apoptosis, and inhibition of NFκB effectively reversed the NFIA anti-apoptotic effect. Conversely, NFIA knockdown decreased expression of NFκB and anti-apoptotic genes TRAF1 and cIAPs, and increased baseline apoptosis. NFIA positively regulated NFκB transcription and NFκB protein level. Interestingly, NFκB also activated the NFIA promoter and increased NFIA level, and knockdown of NFIA was sufficient to attenuate the NFκB pro-survival effect, suggesting a reciprocal regulation between NFIA and NFκB in governing GBM cell survival. Supporting this, NFIA and NFκB expression levels were highly correlated in human GBM and patient-derived GBM cells.
    Conclusions: These data define a previously unknown NFIA-NFκB feed-forward regulation that may contribute to GBM cell survival.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017--01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2028601-6
    ISSN 1523-5866 ; 1522-8517
    ISSN (online) 1523-5866
    ISSN 1522-8517
    DOI 10.1093/neuonc/now233
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  9. Article ; Online: Cooperative tumour cell membrane targeted phototherapy.

    Kim, Heegon / Lee, Junsung / Oh, Chanhee / Park, Ji-Ho

    Nature communications

    2017  Volume 8, Page(s) 15880

    Abstract: The targeted delivery of therapeutics using antibodies or nanomaterials has improved the precision and safety of cancer therapy. However, the paucity and heterogeneity of identified molecular targets within tumours have resulted in poor and uneven ... ...

    Abstract The targeted delivery of therapeutics using antibodies or nanomaterials has improved the precision and safety of cancer therapy. However, the paucity and heterogeneity of identified molecular targets within tumours have resulted in poor and uneven distribution of targeted agents, thus compromising treatment outcomes. Here, we construct a cooperative targeting system in which synthetic and biological nanocomponents participate together in the tumour cell membrane-selective localization of synthetic receptor-lipid conjugates (SR-lipids) to amplify the subsequent targeting of therapeutics. The SR-lipids are first delivered selectively to tumour cell membranes in the perivascular region using fusogenic liposomes. By hitchhiking with extracellular vesicles secreted by the cells, the SR-lipids are transferred to neighbouring cells and further spread throughout the tumour tissues where the molecular targets are limited. We show that this tumour cell membrane-targeted delivery of SR-lipids leads to uniform distribution and enhanced phototherapeutic efficacy of the targeted photosensitizer.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Membrane/drug effects ; Drug Delivery Systems/methods ; Extracellular Vesicles/chemistry ; Female ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Lipids/administration & dosage ; Lipids/chemistry ; Liposomes/chemistry ; Liposomes/pharmacology ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy ; Phototherapy/methods ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays/methods
    Chemical Substances Lipids ; Liposomes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-06-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/ncomms15880
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  10. Article ; Online: Effective Delivery of Exogenous Compounds to the Optic Nerve by Intravitreal Injection of Liposome.

    Lee, Junsung / Goh, Unbyeol / Park, Ji Ho / Park, Sang Woo / Heo, Hwan

    Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO

    2018  Volume 32, Issue 5, Page(s) 417–423

    Abstract: Purpose: To improve the treatment efficiency of optic nerve diseases by delivering therapeutic materials to the optic nerve directly.: Methods: We tried to optimize liposomal composition to deliver a payload to the optic nerve efficiently when it is ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To improve the treatment efficiency of optic nerve diseases by delivering therapeutic materials to the optic nerve directly.
    Methods: We tried to optimize liposomal composition to deliver a payload to the optic nerve efficiently when it is injected intravitreally. After loading dexamethasone into this liposome, we tested the therapeutic effect of liposomes in this treatment using a murine model of ischemic optic neuropathy.
    Results: Our optimized liposome can deliver its payload to the optic nerve more efficiently than other tested compositions. Moreover, dexamethasone-loaded liposomes had a significant therapeutic effect in a murine model of ischemic optic neuropathy.
    Conclusions: Here, we demonstrate the optimal composition of liposomes that could efficiently deliver intravitreally injected exogenous compounds to the optic nerve. We expect that the intravitreal injection of liposomes with the suggested composition would improve the delivery efficacy of therapeutic compounds to the optic nerve.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Dexamethasone/administration & dosage ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage ; Intravitreal Injections ; Liposomes ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Optic Nerve/drug effects ; Optic Nerve/pathology ; Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic/diagnosis ; Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic/drug therapy ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/drug effects ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/pathology ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Glucocorticoids ; Liposomes ; Dexamethasone (7S5I7G3JQL)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-10-12
    Publishing country Korea (South)
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639346-9
    ISSN 2092-9382 ; 1011-8942
    ISSN (online) 2092-9382
    ISSN 1011-8942
    DOI 10.3341/kjo.2017.0128
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