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  1. Article ; Online: Toward Precision Medicine: Exploring the Landscape of Biomarkers in Acute Kidney Injury.

    Nourie, Nicole / Ghaleb, Rita / Lefaucheur, Carmen / Louis, Kevin

    Biomolecules

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 1

    Abstract: Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a complex challenge with diverse underlying pathological mechanisms and etiologies. Current detection methods predominantly rely on serum creatinine, which exhibits substantial limitations in specificity and poses the ... ...

    Abstract Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a complex challenge with diverse underlying pathological mechanisms and etiologies. Current detection methods predominantly rely on serum creatinine, which exhibits substantial limitations in specificity and poses the issue of late-stage detection of kidney injury. In this review, we propose an up-to-date and comprehensive summary of advancements that identified novel biomarker candidates in blood and urine and ideal criteria for AKI biomarkers such as renal injury specificity, mechanistic insight, prognostic capacity, and affordability. Recently identified biomarkers not only indicate injury location but also offer valuable insights into a range of pathological processes, encompassing reduced glomerular filtration rate, tubular function, inflammation, and adaptive response to injury. The clinical applications of AKI biomarkers are becoming extensive and serving as relevant tools in distinguishing acute tubular necrosis from other acute renal conditions. Also, these biomarkers can offer significant insights into the risk of progression to chronic kidney disease CKD and in the context of kidney transplantation. Integration of these biomarkers into clinical practice has the potential to improve early diagnosis of AKI and revolutionize the design of clinical trials, offering valuable endpoints for therapeutic interventions and enhancing patient care and outcomes.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Precision Medicine ; Acute Kidney Injury/diagnosis ; Kidney ; Biomarkers ; Body Fluids ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2701262-1
    ISSN 2218-273X ; 2218-273X
    ISSN (online) 2218-273X
    ISSN 2218-273X
    DOI 10.3390/biom14010082
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: DSA in solid organ transplantation: is it a matter of specificity, amount, or functional characteristics?

    Louis, Kevin / Lefaucheur, Carmen

    Current opinion in organ transplantation

    2022  Volume 27, Issue 5, Page(s) 392–398

    Abstract: Purpose of review: The present review describes the clinical relevance of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) donor-specific antibodies (HLA-DSAs) as biomarkers of alloimmunity and summarizes recent improvements in their characterization that provide insights ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: The present review describes the clinical relevance of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) donor-specific antibodies (HLA-DSAs) as biomarkers of alloimmunity and summarizes recent improvements in their characterization that provide insights into immune risk assessment, precision diagnosis, and prognostication in transplantation.
    Recent findings: Recent studies have addressed the clinical utility of HLA-DSAs as biomarkers for immune risk assessment in pretransplant and peritransplant, diagnosis and treatment evaluation of antibody-mediated rejection, immune monitoring posttransplant, and risk stratification.
    Summary: HLA-DSAs have proved to be the most advanced immune biomarkers in solid organ transplantation in terms of analytical validity, clinical validity and clinical utility. Recent studies are integrating multiple HLA-DSA characteristics including antibody specificity, HLA class, quantity, immunoglobulin G subclass, and complement-binding capacity to improve risk assessment peritransplant, diagnosis and treatment evaluation of antibody-mediated rejection, immune monitoring posttransplant, and transplant prognosis evaluation. In addition, integration of HLA-DSAs to clinical, functional and histological transplant parameters has further consolidated the utility of HLA-DSAs as robust biomarkers and allows to build new tools for monitoring, precision diagnosis, and risk stratification for individual patients. However, prospective and randomized-controlled studies addressing the clinical benefit and cost-effectiveness of HLA-DSA-based monitoring and patient management strategies are required to demonstrate that the use of HLA-DSAs as biomarkers can improve current clinical practice and transplant outcomes.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies ; Biomarkers ; Graft Rejection/diagnosis ; Graft Rejection/prevention & control ; Graft Survival ; HLA Antigens ; Humans ; Isoantibodies ; Kidney Transplantation ; Organ Transplantation/adverse effects ; Prospective Studies ; Tissue Donors
    Chemical Substances Antibodies ; Biomarkers ; HLA Antigens ; Isoantibodies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1390429-2
    ISSN 1531-7013 ; 1087-2418
    ISSN (online) 1531-7013
    ISSN 1087-2418
    DOI 10.1097/MOT.0000000000001006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: mTOR signaling cascade: novel clinical implications in HLA and non-HLA antibody-mediated vasculopathies?

    Louis, Kevin / Loupy, Alexandre / Lefaucheur, Carmen

    Kidney international

    2022  Volume 101, Issue 3, Page(s) 451–454

    Abstract: Antibodies targeting endothelial antigens represent major threats to the integrity of endothelial vasculature, contributing to development of organ transplant rejection and vasculopathies. In this issue, Catar et al. present the mechanisms by which non- ... ...

    Abstract Antibodies targeting endothelial antigens represent major threats to the integrity of endothelial vasculature, contributing to development of organ transplant rejection and vasculopathies. In this issue, Catar et al. present the mechanisms by which non-human leukocyte antigen angiotensin II type 1 receptor and endothelin-1 type A receptor antibodies mediate impairment of endothelial repair via β2-arrestin link to the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. This commentary discusses the mechanisms of human leukocyte antigen and non-human leukocyte antigen antibody-endothelium interactions, and the clinical implications and challenges of the use of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling activation as biomarker and therapeutic target in vasculopathies.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies ; Graft Rejection/immunology ; HLA Antigens/immunology ; Signal Transduction ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Antibodies ; HLA Antigens ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 120573-0
    ISSN 1523-1755 ; 0085-2538
    ISSN (online) 1523-1755
    ISSN 0085-2538
    DOI 10.1016/j.kint.2021.12.008
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Adaptive immune cell responses as therapeutic targets in antibody-mediated organ rejection.

    Louis, Kevin / Macedo, Camila / Lefaucheur, Carmen / Metes, Diana

    Trends in molecular medicine

    2022  Volume 28, Issue 3, Page(s) 237–250

    Abstract: Humoral alloimmunity of organ transplant recipient to donor can lead to antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR), causing thousands of organ transplants to fail each year worldwide. However, the mechanisms of adaptive immune cell responses at the basis of ... ...

    Abstract Humoral alloimmunity of organ transplant recipient to donor can lead to antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR), causing thousands of organ transplants to fail each year worldwide. However, the mechanisms of adaptive immune cell responses at the basis of humoral alloimmunity have not been entirely understood. In this review, we discuss how recent investigations have uncovered the key contributions of T follicular helper (T
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies ; Graft Rejection ; Graft Survival ; Humans ; Immunity, Humoral ; Organ Transplantation/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances Antibodies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2036490-8
    ISSN 1471-499X ; 1471-4914
    ISSN (online) 1471-499X
    ISSN 1471-4914
    DOI 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.01.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Antibody-Mediated Rejection of Solid-Organ Allografts.

    Lefaucheur, Carmen / Loupy, Alexandre

    The New England journal of medicine

    2018  Volume 379, Issue 26, Page(s) 2580–2582

    MeSH term(s) Allografts ; Antibodies ; Transplantation, Homologous
    Chemical Substances Antibodies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMc1813976
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Antibody-Mediated Rejection of Solid-Organ Allografts.

    Loupy, Alexandre / Lefaucheur, Carmen

    The New England journal of medicine

    2018  Volume 379, Issue 12, Page(s) 1150–1160

    MeSH term(s) Allografts/immunology ; Allografts/pathology ; Antibodies/immunology ; Complement Activation ; Graft Rejection/diagnosis ; Graft Rejection/immunology ; Graft Rejection/pathology ; HLA Antigens/immunology ; Humans ; Kidney/pathology ; Lung/pathology ; Myocardium/pathology ; Organ Transplantation
    Chemical Substances Antibodies ; HLA Antigens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-09-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMra1802677
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Adhésion médicamenteuse en greffe rénale : évaluation, facteurs prédictifs et impact sur l’allo-réactivité humorale.

    Vengadessane, Subashini / Viglietti, Denis / Sauvageon, Hélène / Glotz, Denis / Lefaucheur, Carmen / Madelaine, Isabelle / Deville, Laure

    Annales pharmaceutiques francaises

    2022  

    Abstract: Objectives: The aims of this study were to assess medication adherence to immunosuppressive treatment in kidney transplanted patients, to identify predictive factors of medication non-adherence and to analyse its impact on the development of Donor ... ...

    Title translation Medication adherence in renal transplantation: Evaluation, predictive factors and impact on humoral alloreactivity.
    Abstract Objectives: The aims of this study were to assess medication adherence to immunosuppressive treatment in kidney transplanted patients, to identify predictive factors of medication non-adherence and to analyse its impact on the development of Donor Specific Antibodies (DSA) de novo, biomarkers of rejection in transplant recipients.
    Methods: A cross-sectional single-centre study was conducted to assess medication adherence to immunosuppressive treatment with the BAASIS (Basel Assessment of Adherence Scale for Immunosuppressives) self-report questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine non-adherence predictive factors and its role in the development of DSA de novo.
    Results: A total of 212 renal transplanted patients completed the BAASIS questionnaire: 36,3 % were non-adherent to their immunosuppressive treatment. Patient's age and taking azathioprine were independent predictors of non-adherence and "married or living together" family status was a protective factor in the multivariate analysis. Medication non-adherence was associated with DSA de novo development in the multivariate model and it multiplied their risk of development by 3.
    Conclusions: This study, which detected a large proportion of patients who did not adhere to immunosuppressive treatment, highlighted non-adherence predictors and showed the association between non-adherence and development of DSA de novo. In case of non-adherent behavior, it is crucial to set up a personalised support for patients with a multidisciplinary approach of therapeutic education, in which the clinical pharmacist has a role.
    Language French
    Publishing date 2022-07-02
    Publishing country France
    Document type English Abstract ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 307-4
    ISSN 0003-4509
    ISSN 0003-4509
    DOI 10.1016/j.pharma.2022.06.011
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Complement-activating donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies in solid organ transplantation: systematic review, meta-analysis, and critical appraisal.

    Al-Awadhi, Solaf / Raynaud, Marc / Louis, Kevin / Bouquegneau, Antoine / Taupin, Jean-Luc / Aubert, Olivier / Loupy, Alexandre / Lefaucheur, Carmen

    Frontiers in immunology

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 1265796

    Abstract: Introduction: Several studies have investigated the impact of circulating complement-activating anti-human leukocyte antigen donor-specific antibodies (anti-HLA DSAs) on organ transplant outcomes. However, a critical appraisal of these studies and a ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Several studies have investigated the impact of circulating complement-activating anti-human leukocyte antigen donor-specific antibodies (anti-HLA DSAs) on organ transplant outcomes. However, a critical appraisal of these studies and a demonstration of the prognostic value of complement-activating status over anti-HLA DSA mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) level are lacking.
    Methods: We conducted a systematic review, meta-analysis and critical appraisal evaluating the role of complement-activating anti-HLA DSAs on allograft outcomes in different solid organ transplants. We included studies through Medline, Cochrane, Scopus, and Embase since inception of databases till May 05, 2023. We evaluated allograft loss as the primary outcome, and allograft rejection as the secondary outcome. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and funnel plots to assess risk of bias and used bias adjustment methods when appropriate. We performed multiple subgroup analyses to account for sources of heterogeneity and studied the added value of complement assays over anti-HLA DSA MFI level.
    Results: In total, 52 studies were included in the final meta-analysis (11,035 patients). Complement-activating anti-HLA DSAs were associated with an increased risk of allograft loss (HR 2.77; 95% CI 2.33-3.29, p<0.001; I²=46.2%), and allograft rejection (HR 4.98; 95% CI 2.96-8.36, p<0.01; I²=70.9%). These results remained significant after adjustment for potential sources of bias and across multiple subgroup analyses. After adjusting on pan-IgG anti-HLA DSA defined by the MFI levels, complement-activating anti-HLA DSAs were significantly and independently associated with an increased risk of allograft loss.
    Discussion: We demonstrated in this systematic review, meta-analysis and critical appraisal the significant deleterious impact and the independent prognostic value of circulating complement-activating anti-HLA DSAs on solid organ transplant risk of allograft loss and rejection.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Graft Rejection ; Organ Transplantation/adverse effects ; Complement System Proteins ; Transplantation, Homologous ; HLA Antigens
    Chemical Substances Complement System Proteins (9007-36-7) ; HLA Antigens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1265796
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Clinical recommendations for posttransplant assessment of anti-HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) donor-specific antibodies: A Sensitization in Transplantation: Assessment of Risk consensus document.

    Lefaucheur, Carmen / Louis, Kevin / Morris, Anna B / Taupin, Jean-Luc / Nickerson, Peter / Tambur, Anat R / Gebel, Howard M / Reed, Elaine F

    American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 115–132

    Abstract: Although anti-HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) are commonly measured in clinical practice and their relationship with transplant outcome is well established, clinical recommendations for anti-HLA antibody assessment are ... ...

    Abstract Although anti-HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) are commonly measured in clinical practice and their relationship with transplant outcome is well established, clinical recommendations for anti-HLA antibody assessment are sparse. Supported by a careful and critical review of the current literature performed by the Sensitization in Transplantation: Assessment of Risk 2022 working group, this consensus report provides clinical practice recommendations in kidney, heart, lung, and liver transplantation based on expert assessment of quality and strength of evidence. The recommendations address 3 major clinical problems in transplantation and include guidance regarding posttransplant DSA assessment and application to diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics: (1) the clinical implications of positive posttransplant DSA detection according to DSA status (ie, preformed or de novo), (2) the relevance of posttransplant DSA assessment for precision diagnosis of antibody-mediated rejection and for treatment management, and (3) the relevance of posttransplant DSA for allograft prognosis and risk stratification. This consensus report also highlights gaps in current knowledge and provides directions for clinical investigations and trials in the future that will further refine the clinical utility of posttransplant DSA assessment, leading to improved transplant management and patient care.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Consensus ; Isoantibodies ; HLA Antigens ; Tissue Donors ; Kidney Transplantation ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II ; Graft Rejection/diagnosis ; Graft Rejection/etiology ; Histocompatibility Testing
    Chemical Substances Isoantibodies ; HLA Antigens ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2060594-8
    ISSN 1600-6143 ; 1600-6135
    ISSN (online) 1600-6143
    ISSN 1600-6135
    DOI 10.1016/j.ajt.2022.11.013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Update on C1 Esterase Inhibitor in Human Solid Organ Transplantation.

    Berger, Mel / Lefaucheur, Carmen / Jordan, Stanley C

    Transplantation

    2019  Volume 103, Issue 9, Page(s) 1763–1775

    Abstract: Complement plays important roles in both ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) of solid organ allografts. One approach to possibly improve outcomes after transplantation is the use of C1 inhibitor (C1-INH), which blocks ... ...

    Abstract Complement plays important roles in both ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) of solid organ allografts. One approach to possibly improve outcomes after transplantation is the use of C1 inhibitor (C1-INH), which blocks the first step in both the classical and lectin pathways of complement activation and also inhibits the contact, coagulation, and kinin systems. C1-INH can also directly block leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion. C1-INH contrasts with eculizumab and other distal inhibitors, which do not affect C4b or C3b deposition or noncomplement pathways. Authors of reports on trials in kidney transplant recipients have suggested that C1-INH treatment may reduce IRI and delayed graft function, based on decreased requirements for dialysis in the first month after transplantation. This effect was particularly marked with grafts with Kidney Disease Profile Index ≥ 85. Other clinical studies and models suggest that C1-INH may decrease sensitization and donor-specific antibody production and might improve outcomes in AMR, including in patients who are refractory to other modalities. However, the studies have been small and often only single-center. This article reviews clinical data and ongoing trials with C1-INH in transplant recipients, compares the results with those of other complement inhibitors, and summarizes potentially productive directions for future research.
    MeSH term(s) Allografts ; Animals ; Complement Activation/drug effects ; Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein/adverse effects ; Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein/therapeutic use ; Complement C1s/antagonists & inhibitors ; Complement C1s/immunology ; Complement Inactivating Agents/adverse effects ; Complement Inactivating Agents/therapeutic use ; Delayed Graft Function/immunology ; Delayed Graft Function/prevention & control ; Graft Rejection/immunology ; Graft Rejection/prevention & control ; Graft Survival/drug effects ; Humans ; Organ Transplantation/adverse effects ; Reperfusion Injury/immunology ; Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control ; Risk Factors ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein ; Complement Inactivating Agents ; Complement C1s (EC 3.4.21.42)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-04-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 208424-7
    ISSN 1534-6080 ; 0041-1337
    ISSN (online) 1534-6080
    ISSN 0041-1337
    DOI 10.1097/TP.0000000000002717
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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