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  1. Article: On the Duration of an Epidemic.

    Lefebvre, Mario

    Differential equations and dynamical systems

    2022  , Page(s) 1–11

    Abstract: A stochastic SIR (Susceptible, Infected, Recovered) model for the spread of a non-lethal disease is considered. The size of the population is constant. The problem of computing the moment-generating function of the random time until all members of the ... ...

    Abstract A stochastic SIR (Susceptible, Infected, Recovered) model for the spread of a non-lethal disease is considered. The size of the population is constant. The problem of computing the moment-generating function of the random time until all members of the population are recovered is solved in special cases. The expected duration of the epidemic is also computed, as well as the probability that the whole population will be either cured or immunized before every member is infected. The method of similarity solutions is used to solve the various Kolmogorov partial differential equations, subject to the appropriate boundary conditions.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-28
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2499946-5
    ISSN 0974-6870 ; 0971-3514
    ISSN (online) 0974-6870
    ISSN 0971-3514
    DOI 10.1007/s12591-022-00626-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: An optimal control problem without control costs.

    Lefebvre, Mario

    Mathematical biosciences and engineering : MBE

    2022  Volume 20, Issue 3, Page(s) 5159–5168

    Abstract: A two-dimensional diffusion process is controlled until it enters a given subset of $ \mathbb{R}^2 $. The aim is to find the control that minimizes the expected value of a cost function in which there are no control costs. The optimal control can be ... ...

    Abstract A two-dimensional diffusion process is controlled until it enters a given subset of $ \mathbb{R}^2 $. The aim is to find the control that minimizes the expected value of a cost function in which there are no control costs. The optimal control can be expressed in terms of the value function, which gives the smallest value that the expected cost can take. To obtain the value function, one can make use of dynamic programming to find the differential equation it satisfies. This differential equation is a non-linear second-order partial differential equation. We find explicit solutions to this non-linear equation, subject to the appropriate boundary conditions, in important particular cases. The method of similarity solutions is used.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2265126-3
    ISSN 1551-0018 ; 1551-0018
    ISSN (online) 1551-0018
    ISSN 1551-0018
    DOI 10.3934/mbe.2023239
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Le système international dans le piège de Thucydide

    Lefebvre, M.

    Revue Internationale et Strategique

    Abstract: An international system is composed of four elements: a balance of power, a set of values, an institutional framework, and the need for a power providing “hegemonic stability” in international economic relations The current situation is characterised by ... ...

    Abstract An international system is composed of four elements: a balance of power, a set of values, an institutional framework, and the need for a power providing “hegemonic stability” in international economic relations The current situation is characterised by the new confrontation between China and the United States that Graham Allison has described as the “Thucydide's Trap”, and by the revival of nationalism worldwide Three scenarios can therefore be considered for the future: the maintaining of cooperation thanks to interdependencies;a nationalist fragmentation which could be accelerated by the coronavirus crisis;and a reactivation of alliances reminiscent of the Cold War © 2020 Institut de Relations Internationales et Strategiques All rights reserved
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #827591
    Database COVID19

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  4. Article ; Conference proceedings: SUPERFICIAL ADENOCARCINOMA OF THE ESOPHAGOGASTRIC JUNCTION (AEGJ): OUTCOMES OF ESD IN A WESTERN COHORT

    Lefebvre, M

    Endoscopy

    2020  Volume 52, Issue S 01

    Event/congress ESGE Days, Dublin, Ireland, 2020-04-23
    Language German
    Publishing date 2020-04-01
    Publisher © Georg Thieme Verlag KG
    Publishing place Stuttgart ; New York
    Document type Article ; Conference proceedings
    ZDB-ID 80120-3
    ISSN 1438-8812 ; 0013-726X
    ISSN (online) 1438-8812
    ISSN 0013-726X
    DOI 10.1055/s-0040-1704394
    Database Thieme publisher's database

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  5. Thesis ; Online: Two stages of skarn formation - two tin enrichments

    Lefebvre, M.

    the Hämmerlein polymetallic skarn deposit, western Erzgebirge, Germany

    2019  

    Abstract: Skarn deposits are found on every continents and were formed at different times from Precambrian to Tertiary. Typically, the formation of a skarn is induced by a granitic intrusion in carbonates-rich sedimentary rocks. During contact metamorphism, fluids ...

    Abstract Skarn deposits are found on every continents and were formed at different times from Precambrian to Tertiary. Typically, the formation of a skarn is induced by a granitic intrusion in carbonates-rich sedimentary rocks. During contact metamorphism, fluids derived from the granite interact with the sedimentary host rocks, which results in the formation of calc-silicate minerals at the expense of carbonates. Those newly formed minerals generally develop in a metamorphic zoned aureole with garnet in the proximal and pyroxene in the distal zone. Ore elements contained in magmatic fluids are precipitated due to the change in fluid composition. The temperature decrease of the entire system, due to the cooling of magmatic fluids and the entering of meteoric water, allows retrogression of some prograde minerals. The Hämmerlein skarn deposit has a multi-stage history with a skarn formation during regional metamorphism and a retrogression of primary skarn minerals during the granitic intrusion. Tin was mobilized during both events. The 340 Ma old tin-bearing skarn minerals show that tin was present in sediments before the granite intrusion, and that the first Sn enrichment occurred during the skarn formation by regional metamorphism fluids. In a second step at ca. 320 Ma, tin-bearing fluids were produced with the intrusion of the Eibenstock granite. Tin, which has been added by the granite and remobilized from skarn calc-silicates, precipitated as cassiterite. Compared to clay or marl, the skarn is enriched in Sn, W, In, Zn, and Cu. These metals have been supplied during both regional metamorphism and granite emplacement. In addition, the several isotopic and chemical data of skarn samples show that the granite selectively added elements such as Sn, and that there was no visible granitic contribution to the sedimentary signature of the skarn The example of Hämmerlein shows that it is possible to form a tin-rich skarn without associated granite when tin has already been transported from tin-bearing sediments during regional metamorphism by aqueous metamorphic fluids. These skarns are economically not interesting if tin is only contained in the skarn minerals. Later alteration of the skarn (the heat and fluid source is not necessarily a granite), however, can lead to the formation of secondary cassiterite (SnO2), with which the skarn can become economically highly interesting.

    Skarn-Lagerstätten befinden sich auf allen Kontinenten und wurden zu unterschiedlichen Zeiten vom Präkambrium bis zum Tertiär gebildet. Typischerweise wird die Bildung eines Skarns durch die Intrusion eines Granits in karbonatreiche Sedimentgesteine induziert. Während der Kontaktmetamorphose reagieren die Fluide aus dem Granit mit dem sedimentären Wirtgestein, was zur Bildung von Kalksilikaten auf Kosten von Karbonaten führt. Diese neu gebildeten Minerale entwickeln sich im Allgemeinen in einer metamorph zonierten Aureole mit Granat im proximalen und Pyroxen im distalen Bereich. Erzelemente die in magmatischen Fluiden enthalten sind werden aufgrund der veränderten Fluidzusammensetzung ausgefällt. Die Temperaturabsenkung des gesamten Systems, hervorgerufen durch die Abkühlung von magmatischen Fluiden sowie durch das Eindringen meteorischen Wassers, führen zu teilweisen oder vollständigen Umwandlung prograder Minerale. Die Skarn-Lagerstätte Hämmerlein hat eine mehrstufige Geschichte mit Skarnsbildung während der regionalen Metamorphose und Retrogression der primären Skarn-Minerale während der Intrusion von Graniten. Zinn wurde während beiden Ereignissen mobilisiert. Die 340 Ma alten zinnhaltigen Skarnminerale zeigen, dass Zinn in Sedimenten bereits vor dem Graniteintrag vorhanden war, und dass die erste Sn-Anreicherung während der Bildung des Skarns durch Fluide der Regionalmetamorphose stattfand. In einem zweiten Schritt um 320 Ma wurden Zinn-haltige Fluide durch die Intrusion des Eibenstockgranits freigesetzt. Diese Fluide überprägten den Skarn. Das freisetzen und das neu zugefügte Zinn ist in Kassiterit gebunden und führten dem System zusätzliches Zinn zu, wobei Zinn aus den Skarn-Kalksilikaten remobilisiert wurde. Im Vergleich zu Tonstein oder Mergel sind die Skarn mit Sn, W, In, Zn, und Cu angereichet. Diese Metalle sind während der Regionalmetamorphose und der Granitplatznahme zu unterschiedlichen Teilen zugeführt worden. Darüber hinaus zeigen die verschiedenen isotopen und chemischen Daten der Skarn-Proben, dass der Granit selektiv einige Elemente wie Sn hinzugefügt, und dass es keinen sichtbar granitischen Beitrag zur sedimentären Signatur des Skarns gab. Das Beispiel Hämmerlein zeigt, dass es möglich ist einen zinnreichen Skarn ohne zugehörigen Granit zu bilden, wenn Zinn von zinnhaltigen Sedimenten während einer Regionalmetamorphose mit wässrigen metamorphen Fluiden transportiert worden ist. Diese Skarne sind wirtschaftlich uninterssant wenn das Zinn nur in den Skarn-Mineralen enthalten ist. Spätere Umwandlung des Skarns (die Quelle der Wärme und Fluiden ist nicht unbedingt ein Granit) kann jedoch zur Bildung von sekundärem Kassiterite (SnO2) führen, womit der Skarn plötzlich wirtschaftlich hoch interessant sein kann.
    Subject code 801
    Language English
    Publisher Universität Potsdam
    Publishing country de
    Document type Thesis ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article: What Is life? Rethinking Biology in Light of Fundamental Parameters.

    Fantini, Jacques / Matveeva, Mélanie / Lefebvre, Marine / Chahinian, Henri

    Life (Basel, Switzerland)

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 3

    Abstract: Defining life is an arduous task that has puzzled philosophers and scientists for centuries. Yet biology suffers from a lack of clear definition, putting biologists in a paradoxical situation where one can describe at the atomic level complex objects ... ...

    Abstract Defining life is an arduous task that has puzzled philosophers and scientists for centuries. Yet biology suffers from a lack of clear definition, putting biologists in a paradoxical situation where one can describe at the atomic level complex objects that remain globally poorly defined. One could assume that such descriptions make it possible to perfectly characterize living systems. However, many cases of misinterpretation put this assumption into perspective. In this article, we focus on critical parameters such as time, water, entropy, space, quantum properties, and electrostatic potential to redefine the nature of living matter, with special emphasis on biological coding. Where does the DNA double helix come from, why cannot the reproduction of living organisms occur without mutations, what are the limitations of the genetic code, and why do not all proteins have a stable three-dimensional structure? There are so many questions that cannot be resolved without considering the aforementioned parameters. Indeed, (i) time and space constrain many biological mechanisms and impose drastic solutions on living beings (enzymes, transporters); (ii) water controls the fidelity of DNA replication and the structure/disorder balance of proteins; (iii) entropy is the driving force of many enzymatic reactions and molecular interactions; (iv) quantum mechanisms explain why a molecule as simple as hydrocyanic acid (HCN) foreshadows the helical structure of DNA, how DNA is stabilized, why mutations occur, and how the Earth magnetic field can influence the migration of birds; (v) electrostatic potential controls epigenetic mechanisms, lipid raft functions, and virus infections. We consider that raising awareness of these basic parameters is critical for better understanding what life is, and how it handles order and chaos through a combination of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Thus, we propose to incorporate these parameters into the definition of life.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-20
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2662250-6
    ISSN 2075-1729
    ISSN 2075-1729
    DOI 10.3390/life14030280
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: STOCHASTIC OPTIMAL CONTROL OF A TWO-DIMENSIONAL DYNAMICAL SYSTEM

    Lefebvre, Mario

    Journal of Engineering Science (Chişinău), Vol XXVII, Iss 2, Pp 37-

    2020  Volume 43

    Abstract: In this paper, we considered the problem of optimally controlling a twodimensional dynamical system until it reaches either of two boundaries. We consider a controlled dynamical system (X(t), Y(t)) which is a generalization of the classic twodimensional ... ...

    Abstract In this paper, we considered the problem of optimally controlling a twodimensional dynamical system until it reaches either of two boundaries. We consider a controlled dynamical system (X(t), Y(t)) which is a generalization of the classic twodimensional Kermack-McKendrick model for the spread of epidemics. Moreover, the system is subject to random jumps of fixed size according to a Poisson process. The system is controlled until the sum X(t) + Y(t) equal to either 0 or d (> 0) for the first time. Particular problems are solved explicitly.
    Keywords dynamic programming ; error function ; first-passage time ; random jumps ; poisson process ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Electronic computers. Computer science ; QA75.5-76.95
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Technical University of Moldova
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Understanding public administrators’ and citizens’ preferences for a successful transition to pesticide-free urban green spaces

    Lefebvre, Marianne / Espinosa Goded, Maria / Maslianskaia-Pautrel, Masha / Laille, Pauline

    Journal of Environmental Planning and Management. 2024 Jan. 28, v. 67, no. 2 p.242-266

    2024  

    Abstract: Bans on the cosmetic use of pesticides in urban green spaces (UGS) is part of the toolbox to reduce pesticide use. While most technical barriers have been lifted, the acceptability of the global changes induced by pesticide-free UGS management is ... ...

    Abstract Bans on the cosmetic use of pesticides in urban green spaces (UGS) is part of the toolbox to reduce pesticide use. While most technical barriers have been lifted, the acceptability of the global changes induced by pesticide-free UGS management is questioned. Public administrators in charge of UGSs have their own preferences and poorly informed opinions on citizens’ ones. A Discrete Choice Experiment approach was adopted to investigate the discrepancy between the preferences of French citizens and public administrators in charge of technical and budget decisions, in 2017, when the pesticide ban was enforced. Results indicate that the most important differences are in the willingness to improve the working conditions of the maintenance teams, the interest in more natural UGSs and the relevance of communication on the pesticide ban. By challenging some of the opinions of UGS administrators with regard to citizens’ preferences, our results remove some of the barriers to a successful transition toward pesticide-free UGSs.
    Keywords administrative management ; pesticide use reduction ; pesticides ; choice experiment ; France ; pesticide ; stakeholders ; urban land
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2024-0128
    Size p. 242-266.
    Publishing place Routledge
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2000921-5
    ISSN 1360-0559 ; 0964-0568
    ISSN (online) 1360-0559
    ISSN 0964-0568
    DOI 10.1080/09640568.2022.2107496
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Large-scale regulatory and signaling network assembly through linked open data.

    Lefebvre, M / Gaignard, A / Folschette, M / Bourdon, J / Guziolowski, C

    Database : the journal of biological databases and curation

    2021  Volume 2021

    Abstract: Huge efforts are currently underway to address the organization of biological knowledge through linked open databases. These databases can be automatically queried to reconstruct regulatory and signaling networks. However, assembling networks implies ... ...

    Abstract Huge efforts are currently underway to address the organization of biological knowledge through linked open databases. These databases can be automatically queried to reconstruct regulatory and signaling networks. However, assembling networks implies manual operations due to source-specific identification of biological entities and relationships, multiple life-science databases with redundant information and the difficulty of recovering logical flows in biological pathways. We propose a framework based on Semantic Web technologies to automate the reconstruction of large-scale regulatory and signaling networks in the context of tumor cells modeling and drug screening. The proposed tool is pyBRAvo (python Biological netwoRk Assembly), and here we have applied it to a dataset of 910 gene expression measurements issued from liver cancer patients. The tool is publicly available at https://github.com/pyBRAvo/pyBRAvo.
    MeSH term(s) Databases, Factual ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; Semantic Web ; Signal Transduction ; Software
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2496706-3
    ISSN 1758-0463 ; 1758-0463
    ISSN (online) 1758-0463
    ISSN 1758-0463
    DOI 10.1093/database/baaa113
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Cryptosporidium

    Lefebvre, M / Razakandrainibe, R / Villena, I / Favennec, L / Costa, D

    Applied and environmental microbiology

    2021  Volume 87, Issue 3

    Abstract: Biofilms are increasingly implicated as playing a major role in waterborne cryptosporidiosis. This review aims to synthesize all currently available data on interactions ... ...

    Abstract Biofilms are increasingly implicated as playing a major role in waterborne cryptosporidiosis. This review aims to synthesize all currently available data on interactions between
    MeSH term(s) Biofilms ; Cryptosporidium ; Oocysts
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 223011-2
    ISSN 1098-5336 ; 0099-2240
    ISSN (online) 1098-5336
    ISSN 0099-2240
    DOI 10.1128/AEM.02483-20
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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