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  1. AU="Leggett, Richard W"
  2. AU="Devlin, J"
  3. AU="Vasile, Stefan"
  4. AU="Pettas, Spyros" AU="Pettas, Spyros"
  5. AU="Thomas W Burke"
  6. AU="Lordello, Sylvia"
  7. AU=Karuppal Raju
  8. AU="Zhang, Hui-Ping"
  9. AU="Sutrave, Tarun"
  10. AU="Cirulli, Vincenzo"
  11. AU="Jabłońska-Trypuć, Agata"
  12. AU="Tsichlis, Philip"
  13. AU="Woods, Bob"
  14. AU="Olivier, L"
  15. AU="Khinevich, N.V."
  16. AU="Sabino, Caetano P"
  17. AU="Osborne, Benjamin"
  18. AU="Mydlak, Dariusz"
  19. AU="Pang, Hua"
  20. AU="Ali FARHOUDIAN"
  21. AU="Sienne, Julia Metsio"
  22. AU="Kanagale, Pritam"
  23. AU=Wang Yupei
  24. AU="Egan, Kathleen M"
  25. AU="Prevezanou, Maria"
  26. AU="Márk, Lili"
  27. AU="Pellman, David S"
  28. AU="Wulf, Sarah"
  29. AU="DeVito, Michael"
  30. AU="Fehérvári, Lajos"
  31. AU="Sompa, Sagarika Adhikary"
  32. AU="Ladkany, Rand"
  33. AU=Jain Gaurav
  34. AU="Maldonado, Alejandra"
  35. AU="Junichi Takagi"
  36. AU="Aitor Rodriguez-Casanova"
  37. AU="Wimpenny, Claire"
  38. AU=Gao W J
  39. AU="Suarez-Almazor, Maria E"
  40. AU="Barciszewski, Jakub"
  41. AU=Madhusoodanan Jyoti
  42. AU="Korbecki, Jan"

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  1. Artikel: Case studies in brain dosimetry for internal emitters: Is more detail needed for epidemiology?

    Leggett Richard W. / Tolmachev Sergei Y. / Boice John D.

    BIO web of conferences. 2019, v. 14

    2019  

    Abstract: Element-specific biokinetic models are used to reconstruct doses to systemic tissues from internal emitters. These models typically depict explicitly only those tissues that tend to dominate the systemic behaviour of the element over time. The remaining ... ...

    Abstract Element-specific biokinetic models are used to reconstruct doses to systemic tissues from internal emitters. These models typically depict explicitly only those tissues that tend to dominate the systemic behaviour of the element over time. The remaining tissues are aggregated into a pool called Other tissue in which activity is assumed to be uniformly distributed. Explicitly identified tissues usually consist of some subset of the tissues liver, kidneys, bone, bone marrow, gonads, thyroid, spleen, and skin.
    Schlagwörter bone marrow ; brain ; dosimetry ; epidemiology ; liver ; spleen
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsort EDP Sciences
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    ZDB-ID 2673408-4
    ISSN 2117-4458
    ISSN 2117-4458
    DOI 10.1051/bioconf/20191403008
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Artikel ; Online: COEFFICIENTS FOR ESTIMATING PRENATAL DOSE IN PREGNANT WORKERS FROM ACUTE INTAKES.

    Schwahn, Scott O / Samuels, Caleigh E / Leggett, Richard W

    Radiation protection dosimetry

    2020  Band 191, Heft 1, Seite(n) 39–120

    Abstract: Inhalation and ingestion dose coefficients for the embryo and fetus from intakes of radionuclides by the mother are provided in the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Publication 88 for intake of each of 74 radionuclides. To ... ...

    Abstract Inhalation and ingestion dose coefficients for the embryo and fetus from intakes of radionuclides by the mother are provided in the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Publication 88 for intake of each of 74 radionuclides. To address the many other possible radionuclides to which workers may be exposed, effective dose coefficients were developed for the embryo/fetus for all additional radionuclides addressed in ICRP Publication 107 with half-life of 10 min or more. The general approach was to use the estimated dose to the mother's uterus during pregnancy as a scalable proxy for the dose to the embryo/fetus. The set of scaling factors used in the study was derived from analyses of the relationships of the dose to the mother's uterus and the effective dose to the embryo/fetus for the ~400 cases (considering two intake modes and multiple forms of many of the radionuclides) addressed in Publication 88.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Administration, Inhalation ; Female ; Fetus ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiation Protection ; Radioisotopes
    Chemische Substanzen Radioisotopes
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-09-25
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 225912-6
    ISSN 1742-3406 ; 0144-8420
    ISSN (online) 1742-3406
    ISSN 0144-8420
    DOI 10.1093/rpd/ncaa132
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Artikel ; Online: IDAC-Bio, A Software for Internal Dosimetry Based on the New ICRP Biokinetic Models and Specific Absorbed Fractions.

    Andersson, Martin / Leggett, Richard W / Eckerman, Keith / Almén, Anja / Mattsson, Sören

    Health physics

    2022  Band 123, Heft 2, Seite(n) 165–172

    Abstract: Abstract: Radiation dosimetry is central to virtually all radiation safety applications, optimization, and research. It relates to various individuals and population groups and to miscellaneous exposure situations-including planned, existing, and ... ...

    Abstract Abstract: Radiation dosimetry is central to virtually all radiation safety applications, optimization, and research. It relates to various individuals and population groups and to miscellaneous exposure situations-including planned, existing, and emergency situations. The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has developed a new computational framework for internal dose estimations. Important components are more detailed and improved anatomical models and more realistic biokinetic models than before. The ICRP is currently producing new organ dose and effective dose coefficients for occupational intakes of radionuclides (OIR) and environmental intakes of radionuclides (EIR), which supersede the earlier dose coefficients in Publication 68 and the Publication 72 series, respectively. However, the ICRP only publishes dose coefficients for a single acute intake of a radionuclide and for an integration period of 50 years for intake by adults and to age 70 years for intakes by pre-adults. The new software, IDAC-Bio, performs committed absorbed dose and effective dose calculations for a selectable intake scenario, e.g., for a continuous intake or an intake during x hours per day and y days per week, and for any selected integration time. The software uses the primary data and models of the ICRP biokinetic models and numerically solves the biokinetic model and calculates the absorbed doses to organs and tissues in the ICRP reference human phantoms. The software calculates absorbed dose using the nuclear decay data in ICRP publication 107. IDAC-Bio is a further development and an important addition to the internal dosimetry program IDAC-Dose2.1. The results generated by the software were validated against published ICRP dose coefficients. The potential of the software is illustrated by dose calculations for a nuclear power plant worker who had been exposed to varying levels of 60 Co and who had undergone repeated whole-body measurements, and for a hypothetical member of the public subject to future releases of 148 Gd from neutron spallation in tungsten at the European Spallation Source.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Aged ; Humans ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiation Protection ; Radioisotopes ; Radiometry/methods ; Software
    Chemische Substanzen Radioisotopes
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-05-20
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2406-5
    ISSN 1538-5159 ; 0017-9078
    ISSN (online) 1538-5159
    ISSN 0017-9078
    DOI 10.1097/HP.0000000000001571
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Artikel ; Online: A Biokinetic Model for Systemic Nickel.

    Melo, Dunstana R / Leggett, Richard W

    Health physics

    2017  Band 112, Heft 1, Seite(n) 18–27

    Abstract: The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is updating its suite of reference biokinetic models for internally deposited radionuclides. This paper reviews data for nickel and proposes an updated biokinetic model for systemic (absorbed) ...

    Abstract The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is updating its suite of reference biokinetic models for internally deposited radionuclides. This paper reviews data for nickel and proposes an updated biokinetic model for systemic (absorbed) nickel in adult humans for use in radiation protection. Compared with the ICRP's current model for nickel, the proposed model is based on a larger set of observations of the behavior of nickel in human subjects and laboratory animals and provides a more realistic description of the paths of movement of nickel in the body. For the two most important radioisotopes of nickel, Ni and Ni, the proposed model yields substantially lower dose estimates per unit of activity reaching blood than the current ICRP model.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Metabolic Clearance Rate ; Mice ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Nickel/administration & dosage ; Nickel/blood ; Nickel/pharmacokinetics ; Radioisotopes/administration & dosage ; Radioisotopes/blood ; Radioisotopes/pharmacokinetics
    Chemische Substanzen Radioisotopes ; Nickel (7OV03QG267)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2017-01
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2406-5
    ISSN 1538-5159 ; 0017-9078
    ISSN (online) 1538-5159
    ISSN 0017-9078
    DOI 10.1097/HP.0000000000000579
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Artikel ; Online: Case studies in brain dosimetry for internal emitters

    Leggett Richard W. / Tolmachev Sergei Y. / Boice John D.

    BIO Web of Conferences, Vol 14, p

    Is more detail needed for epidemiology?

    2019  Band 03008

    Abstract: Element-specific biokinetic models are used to reconstruct doses to systemic tissues from internal emitters. These models typically depict explicitly only those tissues that tend to dominate the systemic behaviour of the element over time. The remaining ... ...

    Abstract Element-specific biokinetic models are used to reconstruct doses to systemic tissues from internal emitters. These models typically depict explicitly only those tissues that tend to dominate the systemic behaviour of the element over time. The remaining tissues are aggregated into a pool called Other tissue in which activity is assumed to be uniformly distributed. Explicitly identified tissues usually consist of some subset of the tissues liver, kidneys, bone, bone marrow, gonads, thyroid, spleen, and skin.
    Schlagwörter Microbiology ; QR1-502 ; Physiology ; QP1-981 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag EDP Sciences
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  6. Artikel ; Online: Potential improvements in brain dose estimates for internal emitters.

    Leggett, Richard W / Tolmachev, Sergei Y / Boice, John D

    International journal of radiation biology

    2019  Band 98, Heft 4, Seite(n) 644–656

    Abstract: Background: Element-specific biokinetic models are used to reconstruct doses to systemic tissues from internal emitters. Typically, a systemic model for a radionuclide explicitly depicts only its dominant repositories. Remaining tissues and fluids are ... ...

    Abstract Background: Element-specific biokinetic models are used to reconstruct doses to systemic tissues from internal emitters. Typically, a systemic model for a radionuclide explicitly depicts only its dominant repositories. Remaining tissues and fluids are aggregated into a pool called
    Methods: We assessed potential improvements in brain dosimetry for internal emitters by explicitly modeling brain kinetics rather than treating the brain as a mass fraction of
    Results: The result for a given radionuclide is expressed as a ratio A:B, where A and B are the dose coefficients based on the versions of the model with and without an explicit brain pool, respectively. The following ratios A:B were obtained for the 10 radionuclides addressed here:
    Conclusions: Where feasible, the brain should be depicted explicitly in biokinetic models used in epidemiological studies addressing adverse effects of ionizing radiation.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Brain ; Radiation Protection ; Radioisotopes/adverse effects ; Radiometry ; Reproducibility of Results
    Chemische Substanzen Radioisotopes
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2019-01-11
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 3065-x
    ISSN 1362-3095 ; 0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
    ISSN (online) 1362-3095
    ISSN 0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
    DOI 10.1080/09553002.2018.1554923
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Artikel ; Online: MPS dose reconstruction for internal emitters: some site-specific issues and approaches.

    Leggett, Richard W / Eckerman, Keith F / Bellamy, Michael

    International journal of radiation biology

    2019  Band 98, Heft 4, Seite(n) 631–643

    Abstract: Background: As part of the Million Person Study (MPS), dose reconstructions for internal emitters have been performed for several U.S. facilities where large quantities of radionuclides were handled. The main challenges and dominant sources of potential ...

    Abstract Background: As part of the Million Person Study (MPS), dose reconstructions for internal emitters have been performed for several U.S. facilities where large quantities of radionuclides were handled. The main challenges and dominant sources of potential error in retrospective dose estimates for internally exposed workers have been found to vary from site to site. This article discusses some important issues encountered in dose reconstructions performed for selected MPS sites and the approaches used to address those issues. The focus is on some foundational components of retrospective dose assessments that have received little attention in the literature.
    Methods: The discussion is built around illustrative exposure data and dose reconstructions for workers at selected facilities addressed in the MPS. Related findings at some non-MPS sites are also discussed.
    Results: Each of the following items has been found to be a major source of potential error in reconstructed tissue doses for some MPS sites: identification of all dosimetrically important internal emitters; the time pattern of intake; the mode(s) of intake; reliability of bioassay measurements; application of surrogate (coworker) information in lieu of, or in conjunction with, worker-specific monitoring data; the chemical and physical forms of inhaled radionuclides; and the relation of air monitoring data to actual intake.
    Conclusions: (1) Much of the dose reconstruction effort for internal emitters should be devoted to development of best feasible exposure scenarios. (2) Coworker data should be used to assign exposure scenarios or dose estimates to workers with missing exposure data only if there is compelling evidence of similar coworker exposure. (3) Bioassay data for some radionuclides and periods of operation at MPS sites are of questionable reliability due to sizable uncertainties associated with contamination, recovery, or background issues. (4) Dose estimates derived solely from air monitoring data should be treated as highly uncertain values in the absence of site-specific information demonstrating that the data are reasonably predictive of intake. (5) For intakes known or assumed to be via inhalation, the uncertainty in lung dose typically is much greater than the uncertainty in dose to systemic tissues, when dose estimates are based on urinary excretion data. (6) The lung dose estimate often can be improved through development of site-specific respiratory absorption parameter values. (7) There is generally insufficient site-specific information to justify development of site-specific systemic models.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Occupational Exposure/analysis ; Radiation Dosage ; Radioisotopes ; Reproducibility of Results ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment
    Chemische Substanzen Radioisotopes
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2019-01-22
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 3065-x
    ISSN 1362-3095 ; 0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
    ISSN (online) 1362-3095
    ISSN 0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
    DOI 10.1080/09553002.2018.1558302
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Artikel ; Online: Third mortality follow-up of the Mallinckrodt uranium processing workers, 1942-2019.

    Milder, Cato M / Howard, Sara C / Ellis, Elizabeth D / Golden, Ashley P / Cohen, Sarah S / Mumma, Michael T / Leggett, Richard W / French, Benjamin / Zablotska, Lydia B / Boice, John D

    International journal of radiation biology

    2024  Band 100, Heft 2, Seite(n) 161–175

    Abstract: Introduction: Mallinckrodt Chemical Works was a uranium processing facility during the Manhattan Project from 1942 to 1966. Thousands of workers were exposed to low-dose-rates of ionizing radiation from external and internal sources. This third follow- ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Mallinckrodt Chemical Works was a uranium processing facility during the Manhattan Project from 1942 to 1966. Thousands of workers were exposed to low-dose-rates of ionizing radiation from external and internal sources. This third follow-up of 2514 White male employees updates cancer and noncancer mortality potentially associated with radiation and silica dust.
    Materials and methods: Individual, annualized organ doses were estimated from film badge records (
    Results: Vital status was confirmed for 99.4% of workers (84.0% deceased). For a dose weighting factor of 1 for intakes of uranium, radium, and radon decay products, the mean and median lung doses were 65.6 and 29.9 mGy, respectively. SMRs indicated a difference in health outcomes between salaried and hourly workers, and more brain cancer deaths than expected [SMR: 1.79; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14, 2.70]. No association was seen between radiation and lung cancer [hazard ratio (HR) at 100 mGy: 0.93; 95%CI: 0.78, 1.11]. The relationship between radiation and kidney cancer observed in the previous follow-up was maintained (HR at 100 mGy: 2.07; 95%CI: 1.12, 3.79). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) also increased significantly with heart dose (HR at 100 mGy: 1.11; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.21). Exposures to dust ≥23.6 mg/m
    Conclusions: This third follow-up of Mallinckrodt uranium processors reinforced the results of the previous studies. There was an excess of brain cancers compared with the US population, although no radiation dose-response was detected. The association between radiation and kidney cancer remained, though potentially due to few cases at higher doses. The association between levels of silica dust ≥23.6 mg/m
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Humans ; Male ; Uranium/adverse effects ; Follow-Up Studies ; Radium ; Cohort Studies ; Occupational Exposure/adverse effects ; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/epidemiology ; Radon ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Lung Neoplasms/etiology ; Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Kidney Neoplasms/complications ; Dust ; Silicon Dioxide ; Occupational Diseases/etiology
    Chemische Substanzen Uranium (4OC371KSTK) ; Radium (W90AYD6R3Q) ; Radon (Q74S4N8N1G) ; Dust ; Silicon Dioxide (7631-86-9)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2024-01-29
    Erscheinungsland England
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3065-x
    ISSN 1362-3095 ; 0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
    ISSN (online) 1362-3095
    ISSN 0020-7616 ; 0955-3002
    DOI 10.1080/09553002.2023.2267640
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Artikel ; Online: Comprehensive dosimetry for seven exposure sources at the earliest US uranium processing facility

    Ellis Elizabeth D. / Leggett Richard W. / Golden Ashley P. / Boice John D. / Jr

    BIO Web of Conferences, Vol 14, p

    2019  Band 03005

    Abstract: Mallinckrodt Chemical Works (MCW) was the earliest uranium processing facility in the United States, beginning in 1942. The 2,514 workers included in the epidemiologic study were exposed to external gamma radiation, medical x-rays, internal radiation ... ...

    Abstract Mallinckrodt Chemical Works (MCW) was the earliest uranium processing facility in the United States, beginning in 1942. The 2,514 workers included in the epidemiologic study were exposed to external gamma radiation, medical x-rays, internal radiation from intakes of pitchblende ore and its extracted radionuclides (mainly uranium isotopes and radium-226), and ambient levels of radon and its progeny [1].
    Schlagwörter Microbiology ; QR1-502 ; Physiology ; QP1-981 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag EDP Sciences
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  10. Artikel: Comprehensive dosimetry for seven exposure sources at the earliest US uranium processing facility

    Ellis Elizabeth D. / Leggett Richard W. / Golden Ashley P. / Boice John D. / Jr

    BIO web of conferences. 2019, v. 14

    2019  

    Abstract: Mallinckrodt Chemical Works (MCW) was the earliest uranium processing facility in the United States, beginning in 1942. The 2,514 workers included in the epidemiologic study were exposed to external gamma radiation, medical x-rays, internal radiation ... ...

    Abstract Mallinckrodt Chemical Works (MCW) was the earliest uranium processing facility in the United States, beginning in 1942. The 2,514 workers included in the epidemiologic study were exposed to external gamma radiation, medical x-rays, internal radiation from intakes of pitchblende ore and its extracted radionuclides (mainly uranium isotopes and radium-226), and ambient levels of radon and its progeny [1].
    Schlagwörter dosimetry ; epidemiological studies ; gamma radiation ; progeny ; radon ; uranium
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsort EDP Sciences
    Dokumenttyp Artikel
    ZDB-ID 2673408-4
    ISSN 2117-4458
    ISSN 2117-4458
    DOI 10.1051/bioconf/20191403005
    Datenquelle NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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