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  1. Article: Efflux Pump-Driven Antibiotic and Biocide Cross-Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Different Ecological Niches: A Case Study in the Development of Multidrug Resistance in Environmental Hotspots

    Amsalu, Anteneh / Sapula, Sylvia A / De Barros Lopes, Miguel / Hart, Bradley J / Nguyen, Anh H / Drigo, Barbara / Turnidge, John / Leong, Lex EX / Venter, Henrietta

    Microorganisms. 2020 Oct. 24, v. 8, no. 11

    2020  

    Abstract: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen displaying high intrinsic antimicrobial resistance and the ability to thrive in different ecological environments. In this study, the ability of P. aeruginosa to develop simultaneous resistance to ... ...

    Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen displaying high intrinsic antimicrobial resistance and the ability to thrive in different ecological environments. In this study, the ability of P. aeruginosa to develop simultaneous resistance to multiple antibiotics and disinfectants in different natural niches were investigated using strains collected from clinical samples, veterinary samples, and wastewater. The correlation between biocide and antimicrobial resistance was determined by employing principal component analysis. Molecular mechanisms linking biocide and antimicrobial resistance were interrogated by determining gene expression using RT-qPCR and identifying a potential genetic determinant for co- and cross-resistance using whole-genome sequencing. A subpopulation of P. aeruginosa isolates belonging to three sequence types was resistant against the common preservative benzalkonium chloride and showed cross-resistance to fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, and multidrug resistance. Of these, the epidemiological high-risk ST235 clone was the most abundant. The overexpression of the MexAB-OprM drug efflux pump resulting from amino acid mutations in regulators MexR, NalC, or NalD was the major contributing factor for cross-resistance that could be reversed by an efflux pump inhibitor. This is the first comparison of antibiotic-biocide cross-resistance in samples isolated from different ecological niches and serves as a confirmation of laboratory-based studies on biocide adapted isolates. The isolates from wastewater had a higher incidence of multidrug resistance and biocide-antibiotic cross-resistance than those from clinical and veterinary settings.
    Keywords Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; amino acids ; aminoglycosides ; antibiotic resistance ; benzalkonium chloride ; case studies ; cephalosporins ; correlation ; cross resistance ; disinfectants ; fluoroquinolones ; gene expression ; incidence ; microorganisms ; multiple drug resistance ; mutation ; niches ; principal component analysis ; sampling ; secondary infection ; sequence analysis ; strains ; transporters ; wastewater
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-1024
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-light
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms8111647
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article: Efflux Pump-Driven Antibiotic and Biocide Cross-Resistance in

    Amsalu, Anteneh / Sapula, Sylvia A / De Barros Lopes, Miguel / Hart, Bradley J / Nguyen, Anh H / Drigo, Barbara / Turnidge, John / Leong, Lex Ex / Venter, Henrietta

    Microorganisms

    2020  Volume 8, Issue 11

    Abstract: Pseudomonas ... ...

    Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720891-6
    ISSN 2076-2607
    ISSN 2076-2607
    DOI 10.3390/microorganisms8111647
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Intestinal microbiology shapes population health impacts of diet and lifestyle risk exposures in Torres Strait Islander communities.

    Mobegi, Fredrick M / Leong, Lex Ex / Thompson, Fintan / Taylor, Sean M / Harriss, Linton R / Choo, Jocelyn M / Taylor, Steven L / Wesselingh, Steve L / McDermott, Robyn / Ivey, Kerry L / Rogers, Geraint B

    eLife

    2020  Volume 9

    Abstract: Poor diet and lifestyle exposures are implicated in substantial global increases in non-communicable disease burden in low-income, remote, and Indigenous communities. This observational study investigated the contribution of the fecal microbiome to ... ...

    Abstract Poor diet and lifestyle exposures are implicated in substantial global increases in non-communicable disease burden in low-income, remote, and Indigenous communities. This observational study investigated the contribution of the fecal microbiome to influence host physiology in two Indigenous communities in the Torres Strait Islands: Mer, a remote island where a traditional diet predominates, and Waiben a more accessible island with greater access to takeaway food and alcohol. Counterintuitively, disease markers were more pronounced in Mer residents. However, island-specific differences in disease risk were explained, in part, by microbiome traits. The absence of
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Diet ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans ; Life Style ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oceanic Ancestry Group/statistics & numerical data ; Population Health/statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2687154-3
    ISSN 2050-084X ; 2050-084X
    ISSN (online) 2050-084X
    ISSN 2050-084X
    DOI 10.7554/eLife.58407
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Genomics-informed responses in the elimination of COVID-19 in Victoria, Australia: an observational, genomic epidemiological study.

    Lane, Courtney R / Sherry, Norelle L / Porter, Ashleigh F / Duchene, Sebastian / Horan, Kristy / Andersson, Patiyan / Wilmot, Mathilda / Turner, Annabelle / Dougall, Sally / Johnson, Sandra A / Sait, Michelle / Gonçalves da Silva, Anders / Ballard, Susan A / Hoang, Tuyet / Stinear, Timothy P / Caly, Leon / Sintchenko, Vitali / Graham, Rikki / McMahon, Jamie /
    Smith, David / Leong, Lex Ex / Meumann, Ella M / Cooley, Louise / Schwessinger, Benjamin / Rawlinson, William / van Hal, Sebastiaan J / Stephens, Nicola / Catton, Mike / Looker, Clare / Crouch, Simon / Sutton, Brett / Alpren, Charles / Williamson, Deborah A / Seemann, Torsten / Howden, Benjamin P

    The Lancet. Public health

    2021  Volume 6, Issue 8, Page(s) e547–e556

    Abstract: Background: A cornerstone of Australia's ability to control COVID-19 has been effective border control with an extensive supervised quarantine programme. However, a rapid recrudescence of COVID-19 was observed in the state of Victoria in June, 2020. We ... ...

    Abstract Background: A cornerstone of Australia's ability to control COVID-19 has been effective border control with an extensive supervised quarantine programme. However, a rapid recrudescence of COVID-19 was observed in the state of Victoria in June, 2020. We aim to describe the genomic findings that located the source of this second wave and show the role of genomic epidemiology in the successful elimination of COVID-19 for a second time in Australia.
    Methods: In this observational, genomic epidemiological study, we did genomic sequencing of all laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19 diagnosed in Victoria, Australia between Jan 25, 2020, and Jan 31, 2021. We did phylogenetic analyses, genomic cluster discovery, and integrated results with epidemiological data (detailed information on demographics, risk factors, and exposure) collected via interview by the Victorian Government Department of Health. Genomic transmission networks were used to group multiple genomic clusters when epidemiological and genomic data suggested they arose from a single importation event and diversified within Victoria. To identify transmission of emergent lineages between Victoria and other states or territories in Australia, all publicly available SARS-CoV-2 sequences uploaded before Feb 11, 2021, were obtained from the national sequence sharing programme AusTrakka, and epidemiological data were obtained from the submitting laboratories. We did phylodynamic analyses to estimate the growth rate, doubling time, and number of days from the first local infection to the collection of the first sequenced genome for the dominant local cluster, and compared our growth estimates to previously published estimates from a similar growth phase of lineage B.1.1.7 (also known as the Alpha variant) in the UK.
    Findings: Between Jan 25, 2020, and Jan 31, 2021, there were 20 451 laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Victoria, Australia, of which 15 431 were submitted for sequencing, and 11 711 met all quality control metrics and were included in our analysis. We identified 595 genomic clusters, with a median of five cases per cluster (IQR 2-11). Overall, samples from 11 503 (98·2%) of 11 711 cases clustered with another sample in Victoria, either within a genomic cluster or transmission network. Genomic analysis revealed that 10 426 cases, including 10 416 (98·4%) of 10 584 locally acquired cases, diagnosed during the second wave (between June and October, 2020) were derived from a single incursion from hotel quarantine, with the outbreak lineage (transmission network G, lineage D.2) rapidly detected in other Australian states and territories. Phylodynamic analyses indicated that the epidemic growth rate of the outbreak lineage in Victoria during the initial growth phase (samples collected between June 4 and July 9, 2020; 47·4 putative transmission events, per branch, per year [1/years; 95% credible interval 26·0-85·0]), was similar to that of other reported variants, such as B.1.1.7 in the UK (mean approximately 71·5 1/years). Strict interventions were implemented, and the outbreak lineage has not been detected in Australia since Oct 29, 2020. Subsequent cases represented independent international or interstate introductions, with limited local spread.
    Interpretation: Our study highlights how rapid escalation of clonal outbreaks can occur from a single incursion. However, strict quarantine measures and decisive public health responses to emergent cases are effective, even with high epidemic growth rates. Real-time genomic surveillance can alter the way in which public health agencies view and respond to COVID-19 outbreaks.
    Funding: The Victorian Government, the National Health and Medical Research Council Australia, and the Medical Research Future Fund.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Genomics ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; Victoria/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2468-2667
    ISSN (online) 2468-2667
    DOI 10.1016/S2468-2667(21)00133-X
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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