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  1. Article ; Online: Plasma and milk metabolomics revealed changes in amino acid metabolism in Holstein dairy cows under heat stress.

    Jorge-Smeding, E / Leung, Y H / Ruiz-González, A / Xu, W / Astessiano, A L / Trujillo, A I / Rico, D E / Kenéz, Á

    Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 2, Page(s) 101049

    Abstract: Our understanding of metabolic alterations triggered by heat stress is incomplete, which limits the designing of nutritional strategies to mitigate negative productive and health effects. Thus, this study aimed to explore the metabolic responses of heat- ... ...

    Abstract Our understanding of metabolic alterations triggered by heat stress is incomplete, which limits the designing of nutritional strategies to mitigate negative productive and health effects. Thus, this study aimed to explore the metabolic responses of heat-stressed dairy cows to dietary supplementation with vitamin D
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Cattle ; Animals ; Milk/metabolism ; Lactation ; Creatinine/analysis ; Creatinine/metabolism ; Creatinine/pharmacology ; Diet/veterinary ; Hot Temperature ; Dietary Supplements/analysis ; Heat-Shock Response ; Vitamin E ; Carnitine/metabolism ; Alanine/analysis ; Alanine/metabolism ; Alanine/pharmacology ; Amino Acids/metabolism ; Vitamin D/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Creatinine (AYI8EX34EU) ; Vitamin E (1406-18-4) ; Carnitine (S7UI8SM58A) ; Alanine (OF5P57N2ZX) ; Amino Acids ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2257920-5
    ISSN 1751-732X ; 1751-7311
    ISSN (online) 1751-732X
    ISSN 1751-7311
    DOI 10.1016/j.animal.2023.101049
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: ABHD6 suppression promotes anti-inflammatory polarization of adipose tissue macrophages via 2-monoacylglycerol/PPAR signaling in obese mice.

    Poursharifi, P / Schmitt, C / Chenier, I / Leung, Y H / Oppong, A K / Bai, Y / Klein, L-L / Al-Mass, A / Lussier, R / Abu-Farha, M / Abubaker, J / Al-Mulla, F / Peyot, M-L / Madiraju, S R M / Prentki, M

    Molecular metabolism

    2023  Volume 78, Page(s) 101822

    Abstract: Objective: Pro-inflammatory polarization of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated chronic inflammation. However, little is known about the role of lipids in the regulation of ATMs polarity and ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Pro-inflammatory polarization of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated chronic inflammation. However, little is known about the role of lipids in the regulation of ATMs polarity and inflammation in response to metabolic stress. Deletion of α/β-hydrolase domain-containing 6 (ABHD6), a monoacylglycerol (MAG) hydrolase, has been shown to protect against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance.
    Methods: Here we investigated the immunometabolic role of macrophage ABHD6 in response to nutrient excess using whole-body ABHD6-KO mice and human and murine macrophage cell-lines treated with KT203, a selective and potent pharmacological ABHD6 inhibitor.
    Results: KO mice on high-fat diet showed lower susceptibility to systemic diet-induced inflammation. Moreover, in the setting of overnutrition, stromal vascular cells from gonadal fat of KO vs. control mice contained lower number of M1 macrophages and exhibited enhanced levels of metabolically activated macrophages (MMe) and M2 markers, oxygen consumption, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) release. Likewise, under in vitro nutri-stress condition, inhibition of ABHD6 in MMe-polarized macrophages attenuated the expression and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and M1 markers and induced the upregulation of lipid metabolism genes. ABHD6-inhibited MMe macrophages showed elevated levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and 2-MAG species. Notably, among different MAG species, only 2-MAG treatment led to increased levels of PPAR target genes in MMe macrophages.
    Conclusions: Collectively, our findings identify ABHD6 as a key component of pro-inflammatory macrophage activation in response to excess nutrition and implicate an endogenous macrophage lipolysis/ABHD6/2-MAG/PPARs cascade, as a lipid signaling and immunometabolic pathway, which favors the anti-inflammatory polarization of ATMs in obesity.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors/metabolism ; Monoglycerides/metabolism ; Mice, Obese ; Hydrolases/genetics ; Hydrolases/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Obesity/metabolism ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects ; Monoacylglycerol Lipases/genetics ; Monoacylglycerol Lipases/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors ; Monoglycerides ; Hydrolases (EC 3.-) ; MME (78185-58-7) ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; ABHD6 protein, human (EC 3.1.1.23) ; Monoacylglycerol Lipases (EC 3.1.1.23) ; ABHD6 protein, mouse (EC 3.1.1.23)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-12
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2708735-9
    ISSN 2212-8778 ; 2212-8778
    ISSN (online) 2212-8778
    ISSN 2212-8778
    DOI 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101822
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Recent progress in hydrothermal synthesis of zinc oxide nanomaterials.

    Djurisic, A B / Chen, X Y / Leung, Y H

    Recent patents on nanotechnology

    2012  Volume 6, Issue 2, Page(s) 124–134

    Abstract: Hydrothermal synthesis is of considerable interest due to its low cost, simplicity and relatively low growth temperature (typically below 200 °C). Since the synthesis is performed in aqueous solutions (no organic solvents), it can also be safe and ... ...

    Abstract Hydrothermal synthesis is of considerable interest due to its low cost, simplicity and relatively low growth temperature (typically below 200 °C). Since the synthesis is performed in aqueous solutions (no organic solvents), it can also be safe and environmentally friendly (depending on precursor chemicals). Consequently, it has been a subject of intense research in recent years. In this article, we review recent progress in hydrothermal synthesis of zinc oxide nanomaterials, with focus on practical relevance for a variety of applications.
    MeSH term(s) Catalysis ; Electrochemical Techniques ; Nanostructures/chemistry ; Nanostructures/ultrastructure ; Nanowires/chemistry ; Nanowires/ultrastructure ; Solar Energy ; Temperature ; Zinc Oxide/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Zinc Oxide (SOI2LOH54Z)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-01-29
    Publishing country United Arab Emirates
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ISSN 2212-4020
    ISSN (online) 2212-4020
    DOI 10.2174/187221012800270180
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: A school outbreak of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 infection: assessment of secondary household transmission and the protective role of oseltamivir.

    Leung, Y H / Li, M P / Chuang, S K

    Epidemiology and infection

    2011  Volume 139, Issue 1, Page(s) 41–44

    Abstract: In mid-June 2009, an outbreak of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 (pH1N1) infection occurred in a secondary school in Hong Kong. We carried out an epidemiological investigation to delineate the characteristics of the outbreak, gauge the extent of secondary household ...

    Abstract In mid-June 2009, an outbreak of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 (pH1N1) infection occurred in a secondary school in Hong Kong. We carried out an epidemiological investigation to delineate the characteristics of the outbreak, gauge the extent of secondary household transmission, and assess the protective role of oseltamivir in household contacts. We interviewed pH1N1-confirmed cases using a standardized questionnaire. Sixty-five of 511 students in the school were affected. Of the 205 household contacts identified, 12 were confirmed as cases. All cases recovered. The estimated secondary household attack rate was 5·9% (95% CI 2·7-9·1). Household contacts aged <18 years were about 15 times more likely to be infected than older contacts. Household contacts who had received oseltamivir prophylaxis were less likely to acquire a secondary infection than those who had not (odds ratio=0). The estimated mean household serial interval of pH1N1 virus was 2·8 days (95% CI 2·1-3·4 days).
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Child ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Hong Kong ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control ; Influenza, Human/transmission ; Male ; Oseltamivir/therapeutic use ; Pandemics ; Risk Factors ; Schools ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Oseltamivir (20O93L6F9H)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632982-2
    ISSN 1469-4409 ; 0950-2688
    ISSN (online) 1469-4409
    ISSN 0950-2688
    DOI 10.1017/S0950268810001445
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Audio / Video ; Online: Ceramide accumulation in bovine retroperitoneal adipose tissue revealed by sphingolipid profiling

    Leung, Y. H. / Baessler, S. / Koch, C. / Scheu, T. / Meyer, Ulrich / Dänicke, Sven / Kenéz, Á. / Huber, K.

    2020  

    Keywords Text ; abstract_or_summary ; ddc:630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-02
    Publishing country de
    Document type Article ; Audio / Video ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Delayed oseltamivir treatment is associated with longer viral shedding of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus.

    Leung, Y H / Lim, W L / Wong, M H / Chuang, S K

    Epidemiology and infection

    2012  Volume 140, Issue 5, Page(s) 814–817

    Abstract: During the early phase of the influenza pandemic in 2009, all cases of laboratory-confirmed pandemic (H1N1) 2009 (pH1N1) infection required compulsory isolation in hospital. These cases were offered oseltamivir treatment and only allowed to be discharged ...

    Abstract During the early phase of the influenza pandemic in 2009, all cases of laboratory-confirmed pandemic (H1N1) 2009 (pH1N1) infection required compulsory isolation in hospital. These cases were offered oseltamivir treatment and only allowed to be discharged from the hospital when three consecutive respiratory specimens were negative for the virus by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We reviewed the case records of these patients to assess the viral shedding kinetics of the pH1N1 virus. We defined viral shedding duration as the interval from illness onset date to the date of collection of the last positive specimen from the patients. Fifty-six patients were included in the study, of whom 96% received oseltamivir. The median viral shedding duration of pH1N1 virus by viral culture and RT-PCR were 3 days and 4 days, respectively. Patients who started oseltamivir treatment >48 h after onset had a significantly longer median viral shedding duration by viral culture than those who started treatment within 48 h of onset (4 days vs. 2 days, P=0·014).
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/isolation & purification ; Influenza, Human/drug therapy ; Influenza, Human/virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oseltamivir/administration & dosage ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; RNA, Viral/isolation & purification ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Time Factors ; Virus Shedding ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; RNA, Viral ; Oseltamivir (20O93L6F9H)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632982-2
    ISSN 1469-4409 ; 0950-2688
    ISSN (online) 1469-4409
    ISSN 0950-2688
    DOI 10.1017/S0950268811001415
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Absence of adaptive evolution is the main barrier against influenza emergence in horses in Asia despite frequent virus interspecies transmission from wild birds.

    Zhu, Henan / Damdinjav, Batchuluun / Gonzalez, Gaelle / Patrono, Livia Victoria / Ramirez-Mendoza, Humberto / Amat, Julien A R / Crispell, Joanna / Parr, Yasmin Amy / Hammond, Toni-Ann / Shiilegdamba, Enkhtuvshin / Leung, Y H Connie / Peiris, Malik / Marshall, John F / Hughes, Joseph / Gilbert, Martin / Murcia, Pablo R

    PLoS pathogens

    2019  Volume 15, Issue 2, Page(s) e1007531

    Abstract: Virus ecology and evolution play a central role in disease emergence. However, their relative roles will vary depending on the viruses and ecosystems involved. We combined field studies, phylogenetics and experimental infections to document with ... ...

    Abstract Virus ecology and evolution play a central role in disease emergence. However, their relative roles will vary depending on the viruses and ecosystems involved. We combined field studies, phylogenetics and experimental infections to document with unprecedented detail the stages that precede initial outbreaks during viral emergence in nature. Using serological surveys we showed that in the absence of large-scale outbreaks, horses in Mongolia are routinely exposed to and infected by avian influenza viruses (AIVs) circulating among wild birds. Some of those AIVs are genetically related to an avian-origin virus that caused an epizootic in horses in 1989. Experimental infections showed that most AIVs replicate in the equine respiratory tract without causing lesions, explaining the absence of outbreaks of disease. Our results show that AIVs infect horses but do not spread, or they infect and spread but do not cause disease. Thus, the failure of AIVs to evolve greater transmissibility and to cause disease in horses is in this case the main barrier preventing disease emergence.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Asia ; Biological Evolution ; Birds ; Disease Outbreaks ; Disease Transmission, Infectious/veterinary ; Evolution, Molecular ; Horses/genetics ; Horses/immunology ; Humans ; Influenza in Birds/genetics ; Influenza in Birds/immunology ; Influenza, Human ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/veterinary ; Phylogeny
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2205412-1
    ISSN 1553-7374 ; 1553-7374
    ISSN (online) 1553-7374
    ISSN 1553-7374
    DOI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007531
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: trans-10,cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid isomer exhibits stronger oxyradical scavenging capacity than cis-9,trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid isomer.

    Leung, Y H / Liu, R H

    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry

    2000  Volume 48, Issue 11, Page(s) 5469–5475

    Abstract: Although studies have been performed to test whether conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) acts as an antioxidant, the results were not conclusive. In addition, the CLA widely used in previous research contains 43% cis-9,trans-11 isomer, 45% trans-10,cis-12 ... ...

    Abstract Although studies have been performed to test whether conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) acts as an antioxidant, the results were not conclusive. In addition, the CLA widely used in previous research contains 43% cis-9,trans-11 isomer, 45% trans-10,cis-12 isomer, and 10 other minor isomers. The objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of cis-9,trans-11- and trans-10, cis-12-CLA isomers using high-purity CLA isomers (>98%) by total oxyradical scavenging capacity assay (Winston, G. W.; Regoli, F.; Dugas, Jr., A. J.; Fong, J. H.; Blanchard, K. A. Free Radical Biol. Med. 1998, 24, 480-493). At all concentrations (2-200 microM), t10, c12-CLA performed as an antioxidant with a 15-min lag phase, which was more effective than c9,t11-CLA and alpha-tocopherol at lower concentrations (2 and 20 microM). On the other hand, c9,t11-CLA possessed weak antioxidant activity at 2 and 20 microM, whereas at 200 microM it acted as a strong pro-oxidant, which suggests that discrepancies of the results of the previous studies on the antioxidant properties of CLA may be due to the balance of the antioxidant properties of t10,c12-CLA and the pro-oxidant properties of c9,t11-CLA in different oxidation conditions.
    MeSH term(s) Antioxidants/chemistry ; Emulsions ; Free Radical Scavengers/chemistry ; Kinetics ; Linoleic Acids/chemistry ; Linoleic Acids, Conjugated ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Peroxides ; Stereoisomerism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Chemical Substances Antioxidants ; Emulsions ; Free Radical Scavengers ; Linoleic Acids ; Linoleic Acids, Conjugated ; Peroxides ; 9,11-linoleic acid (1839-11-8) ; perhydroxyl radical (3170-83-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2000-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 241619-0
    ISSN 1520-5118 ; 0021-8561
    ISSN (online) 1520-5118
    ISSN 0021-8561
    DOI 10.1021/jf991163d
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Avian influenza and ban on overnight poultry storage in live poultry markets, Hong Kong.

    Leung, Y H Connie / Lau, Eric H Y / Zhang, Li Juan / Guan, Yi / Cowling, Benjamin J / Peiris, J S Malik

    Emerging infectious diseases

    2012  Volume 18, Issue 8, Page(s) 1339–1341

    Abstract: We analyzed ≈ 12 years of surveillance data on avian influenza in Hong Kong live poultry markets. A ban on keeping live poultry overnight in these markets reduced virus isolation rates by 84% in chickens (p = 0.006) and 100% (p = 0.01) in minor poultry. ...

    Abstract We analyzed ≈ 12 years of surveillance data on avian influenza in Hong Kong live poultry markets. A ban on keeping live poultry overnight in these markets reduced virus isolation rates by 84% in chickens (p = 0.006) and 100% (p = 0.01) in minor poultry.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Chickens/virology ; Disease Outbreaks/veterinary ; Food Handling/standards ; Hong Kong/epidemiology ; Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/genetics ; Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/isolation & purification ; Influenza in Birds/epidemiology ; Influenza in Birds/prevention & control ; Influenza in Birds/virology ; Poultry/virology ; Poultry Diseases/epidemiology ; Poultry Diseases/prevention & control ; Poultry Diseases/virology ; Sentinel Surveillance/veterinary
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-07-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1380686-5
    ISSN 1080-6059 ; 1080-6040
    ISSN (online) 1080-6059
    ISSN 1080-6040
    DOI 10.3201/eid1808.111879
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Salinity-dependent toxicities of zinc oxide nanoparticles to the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana.

    Yung, Mana M N / Wong, Stella W Y / Kwok, Kevin W H / Liu, F Z / Leung, Y H / Chan, W T / Li, X Y / Djurišić, A B / Leung, Kenneth M Y

    Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)

    2015  Volume 165, Page(s) 31–40

    Abstract: This study comprehensively investigated the influences of salinity, exposure concentration and time on the aggregate size, surface charge and dissolution of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs; 20nm) in seawater, and examined the interacting effect of ... ...

    Abstract This study comprehensively investigated the influences of salinity, exposure concentration and time on the aggregate size, surface charge and dissolution of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs; 20nm) in seawater, and examined the interacting effect of salinity and waterborne exposure of ZnO-NPs on the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana for 96h. We found that aggregate sizes of ZnO-NPs significantly increased with increasing salinity, but generally decreased with increasing exposure concentration. Ion release decreased with increasing salinity, whereas the surface charge of the particles was not affected by salinity. The increased aggregate size and decreased ion release with increasing salinity, and consequently lower concentration of bioavailable zinc ions, resulted in decreased toxicity of ZnO-NPs at higher salinity in general in terms of growth inhibition (IC50) and chlorophyll fluorescence (EC50 - ФPo and EC50 - Ф2). However, IC50s and EC50s of ZnO-NPs were smaller than those of Zn(2+) (from ZnO-NPs ultrafiltrate and ZnCl2), indicating that dissolved Zn(2+) can only partially explain the toxicity of ZnO-NPs. SEM images showed that ZnO-NPs attached on the diatom frustule surface, suggesting that the interaction between the nanoparticles and the cell surface may acerbate the toxicity of ZnO-NPs. Our results linked the physicochemical characteristics of ZnO-NPs in seawater with their toxicities to the marine diatom and highlighted the importance of salinity as an influential environmental factor governing the aggregation, dissolution and the toxicity of ZnO-NPs.
    MeSH term(s) Diatoms/drug effects ; Nanoparticles/toxicity ; Salinity ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity ; Zinc Oxide/toxicity
    Chemical Substances Water Pollutants, Chemical ; Zinc Oxide (SOI2LOH54Z)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-08
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 782699-0
    ISSN 1879-1514 ; 0166-445X
    ISSN (online) 1879-1514
    ISSN 0166-445X
    DOI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.05.015
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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