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Article: Detecting the non-breeding region and migration route of Whimbrels (Numenius phaeopus rogachevae) in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway

Kuang, Fenliang / Wu, Wei / Li, David / Hassell, Chris J. / Maglio, Grace / Leung, Kar-Sin K. / Coleman, Jonathan T. / Cheng, Chuyu / Tomkovich, Pavel S. / Ma, Zhijun

Avian research. 2022, v. 13

2022

Abstract: Determining the migration routes and connections of migratory birds at the population level helps clarify intraspecific differences in migration. Five subspecies have been recognized in the Whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus) in Eurasia. Ssp. rogachevae is the ... ...

Abstract	Determining the migration routes and connections of migratory birds at the population level helps clarify intraspecific differences in migration. Five subspecies have been recognized in the Whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus) in Eurasia. Ssp. rogachevae is the most recently described subspecies. It breeds in Central Siberia, while its non-breeding region and migration routes are still unclear. We tracked the migration of Eurasian Whimbrels captured at three non-breeding sites (Moreton Bay in east coast of Australia, Roebuck Bay in Northwest Australia and Sungei Buloh Wetland in Singapore) and two migration stopover sites (Chongming Dongtan and Mai Po Wetland in China). We determined the breeding sites and inferred the subspecies of the tagged birds in the East Asian – Australasian Flyway (EAAF) based on the known breeding distribution of each subspecies. Of the 30 tagged birds, 6 and 21 birds bred in the breeding range of ssp. rogachevae and variegatus, respectively; one bred in the presumed transition area between the breeding range of ssp. phaeopus and rogachevae, and two bred in the region between the breeding range of ssp. rogachevae and variegatus. The birds that bred in the ssp. rogachevae breeding range spent their non-breeding season in the northern Sumatra, Singapore, East Java and Northwest Australia and mainly stopped over along China's coasts during migration. None of our birds bred in the exclusive breeding range of the phaeopus subspecies. Previous studies have predicted that rogachevae whimbrels migrate along the Central Asian Flyway and spend the non-breeding season in West India and East Africa. We found that at least some rogachevae whimbrels migrate along the EAAF and spend the non-breeding season in Southeast Asia and Australia. The ssp. phaeopus is at best sparsely distributed in the EAAF in the west region, or possibly does not occur at all.
Keywords	Numenius ; Siberia ; Singapore ; coasts ; migratory behavior ; research ; wetlands ; Australia ; China ; Eastern Africa ; Eurasia ; India ; Indonesia
Language	English
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2806572-4
ISSN	2053-7166
ISSN	2053-7166
DOI	10.1016/j.avrs.2022.100011
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Ginseng and male reproductive function.

Leung, Kar Wah / Wong, Alice St

Spermatogenesis

2013 Volume 3, Issue 3, Page(s) e26391

Abstract: Ginseng is often referred to as the King of all herbs, and is found to be a promising agent to improve general well-being. Ginseng has also been reputed as an aphrodisiac, and is used to treat sexual dysfunction as well as to enhance sexual behavior in ... ...

Abstract	Ginseng is often referred to as the King of all herbs, and is found to be a promising agent to improve general well-being. Ginseng has also been reputed as an aphrodisiac, and is used to treat sexual dysfunction as well as to enhance sexual behavior in traditional Chinese medical practices. Data from animal studies have shown a positive correlation among ginseng, libido, and copulatory performances, and these effects have been confirmed in case-control studies in human. In addition, ginseng is found to improve the sperm quality and count of healthy individuals as well as patients with treatment-related infertility. These actions are mostly attributed to ginsenosides, the major pharmacological active components of ginseng. This review compiles the current knowledge about the multifaceted effects of ginseng on male reproductive function, and also focuses on its mechanisms of action that may represent novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of male reproductive diseases or disorders.
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-09-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Review
ZDB-ID	2629571-4
ISSN	2156-5562 ; 2156-5554
ISSN (online)	2156-5562
ISSN	2156-5554
DOI	10.4161/spmg.26391
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Article ; Online: Pharmacology of ginsenosides

Wong Alice / Leung Kar

Chinese Medicine, Vol 5, Iss 1, p

a literature review

2010 Volume 20

Abstract: Abstract The therapeutic potential of ginseng has been studied extensively, and ginsenosides, the active components of ginseng, are shown to be involved in modulating multiple physiological activities. This article will review the structure, systemic ... ...

Abstract	Abstract The therapeutic potential of ginseng has been studied extensively, and ginsenosides, the active components of ginseng, are shown to be involved in modulating multiple physiological activities. This article will review the structure, systemic transformation and bioavailability of ginsenosides before illustration on how these molecules exert their functions via interactions with steroidal receptors. The multiple biological actions make ginsenosides as important resources for developing new modalities. Yet, low bioavailability of ginsenoside is one of the major hurdles needs to be overcome to advance its use in clinical settings.
Keywords	Other systems of medicine ; RZ201-999
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Recent advances in ginseng as cancer therapeutics: a functional and mechanistic overview.

Wong, Alice S T / Che, Chi-Ming / Leung, Kar-Wah

Natural product reports

2015 Volume 32, Issue 2, Page(s) 256–272

Abstract: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Ginseng, a key ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine, shows great promise as a new treatment option. As listed by the U.S. National Institutes of Health as a complementary and alternative ... ...

Abstract	Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Ginseng, a key ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine, shows great promise as a new treatment option. As listed by the U.S. National Institutes of Health as a complementary and alternative medicine, its anti-cancer functions are being increasingly recognized. This review covers the mechanisms of action of ginsenosides and their metabolites, which can modulate signaling pathways associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, metastasis, and stem/progenitor-like properties of cancer cells. The emerging use of structurally modified ginsenosides and recent clinical studies on the use of ginseng either alone or in combination with other herbs or Western medicines which are exploited as novel therapeutic strategies will also be explored.
MeSH term(s)	Ginsenosides/chemistry ; Ginsenosides/isolation & purification ; Ginsenosides/pharmacology ; Molecular Structure ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Panax/chemistry ; United States
Chemical Substances	Ginsenosides
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2002546-4
ISSN	1460-4752 ; 0265-0568
ISSN (online)	1460-4752
ISSN	0265-0568
DOI	10.1039/c4np00080c
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: The angiographic and clinical outcomes of intracranial aneurysms following irradiation in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A 13-year experience and literature review.

Chan, Siang Hua Victor / Woo, Yat Ming Peter / Wong, Kai Sing Alain / Chan, Kwong Yau / Leung, Kar Ming

Journal of neuroradiology = Journal de neuroradiologie

2018 Volume 45, Issue 4, Page(s) 224–229

Abstract: Background and purpose: Intracranial aneurysms are a known but rare complication of radiotherapy (RT). We reviewed the angiographic and clinical outcomes of intracranial aneurysms following RT in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a ... ...

Abstract	Background and purpose: Intracranial aneurysms are a known but rare complication of radiotherapy (RT). We reviewed the angiographic and clinical outcomes of intracranial aneurysms following RT in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a malignancy endemic in Hong Kong. Materials and methods: The clinical, angiographic and laboratory data was collected for nine NPC patients harboring fifteen intracranial aneurysms following RT, diagnosed between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2012. Results: The median age at aneurysm diagnosis was 56 years with a male predilection (67%). The median latent period to diagnosis was nine years (0.3-30). Eight patients (89%) presented with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Nine aneurysms were located at the anterior circulation, and 14 were saccular in morphology. Of the treated aneurysms, eight underwent endovascular intervention and two were surgically clipped. Within a year, 50% of the treated aneurysms had recurred. Poor neurological outcome was noted. At two-year follow-up, the median score for modified Rankin score and Glasgow Outcome score was 5 and 2 respectively. The two-year mortality rate of patients with treated ruptured intracranial aneurysms was 50%. Conclusion: Compared to previous studies, our irradiated NPC patients had higher mortality and morbidity rates after aneurysm rupture and a higher angiographic recurrence rate following treatment. Greater vigilance is required in the detection of post-treatment recurrence of these aneurysms due to the higher risk of rupture. The authors recommend dedicated screening of intracranial aneurysms by active surveillance in routine CT protocols or the addition of three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography in MR protocols.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma/diagnostic imaging ; Carcinoma/radiotherapy ; Computed Tomography Angiography ; Endovascular Procedures ; Female ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm/diagnostic imaging ; Intracranial Aneurysm/etiology ; Intracranial Aneurysm/surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Radiotherapy/adverse effects ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-02-21
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	131763-5
ISSN	1773-0406 ; 0150-9861
ISSN (online)	1773-0406
ISSN	0150-9861
DOI	10.1016/j.neurad.2018.01.056
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Recent advances in ginseng as cancer therapeutics: a functional and mechanistic overview

Wong, Alice S. T. / Che, Chi-Ming / Leung, Kar-Wah

Natural product reports. 2015 Jan. 28, v. 32, no. 2

2015

Abstract: Covering: 2000 to 2014 Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Ginseng, a key ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine, shows great promise as a new treatment option. As listed by the U.S. National Institutes of Health as a ... ...

Abstract	Covering: 2000 to 2014 Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Ginseng, a key ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine, shows great promise as a new treatment option. As listed by the U.S. National Institutes of Health as a complementary and alternative medicine, its anti-cancer functions are being increasingly recognized. This review covers the mechanisms of action of ginsenosides and their metabolites, which can modulate signaling pathways associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, metastasis, and stem/progenitor-like properties of cancer cells. The emerging use of structurally modified ginsenosides and recent clinical studies on the use of ginseng either alone or in combination with other herbs or Western medicines which are exploited as novel therapeutic strategies will also be explored.
Keywords	Oriental traditional medicine ; Panax ; alternative medicine ; angiogenesis ; death ; ginsenosides ; inflammation ; ingredients ; metabolites ; metastasis ; oxidative stress
Language	English
Dates of publication	2015-0128
Size	p. 256-272.
Publishing place	The Royal Society of Chemistry
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2002546-4
ISSN	1460-4752 ; 0265-0568
ISSN (online)	1460-4752
ISSN	0265-0568
DOI	10.1039/c4np00080c
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Novel Extracellular Electron Transfer Channels in a Gram-Positive Thermophilic Bacterium.

Gavrilov, Sergey N / Zavarzina, Daria G / Elizarov, Ivan M / Tikhonova, Tamara V / Dergousova, Natalia I / Popov, Vladimir O / Lloyd, Jonathan R / Knight, David / El-Naggar, Mohamed Y / Pirbadian, Sahand / Leung, Kar Man / Robb, Frank T / Zakhartsev, Maksim V / Bretschger, Orianna / Bonch-Osmolovskaya, Elizaveta A

Frontiers in microbiology

2021 Volume 11, Page(s) 597818

Abstract: Biogenic transformation of Fe minerals, associated with extracellular electron transfer (EET), allows microorganisms to exploit high-potential refractory electron acceptors for energy generation. EET-capable thermophiles are dominated by ... ...

Abstract	Biogenic transformation of Fe minerals, associated with extracellular electron transfer (EET), allows microorganisms to exploit high-potential refractory electron acceptors for energy generation. EET-capable thermophiles are dominated by hyperthermophilic archaea and Gram-positive bacteria. Information on their EET pathways is sparse. Here, we describe EET channels in the thermophilic Gram-positive bacterium
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2020.597818
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Primary endovascular treatment of post-irradiated carotid pseudoaneurysm at the skull base with the Pipeline embolization device.

Tsang, Anderson Chun-On / Leung, Kar-ming / Lee, Raymond / Lui, Wai-man / Leung, Gilberto Ka-Kit

Journal of neurointerventional surgery

2015 Volume 7, Issue 8, Page(s) 603–607

Abstract: Background: A post-irradiated carotid pseudoaneurysm at the skull base can cause life-threatening blowout syndrome. Conventional treatments include parent vessel occlusion, endovascular coiling or covered stenting. Use of the Pipeline embolization ... ...

Abstract	Background: A post-irradiated carotid pseudoaneurysm at the skull base can cause life-threatening blowout syndrome. Conventional treatments include parent vessel occlusion, endovascular coiling or covered stenting. Use of the Pipeline embolization device (PED) for pseudoaneurysm exclusion at the skull base is not well described. Objective: To report the clinical and angiographic outcome after using multiple PEDs to treat recently ruptured radiation-induced carotid pseudoaneurysms at the skull base. Methods: Retrospective review of the clinical and angiographic records of patients who received PEDs as primary treatment for skull base carotid pseudoaneurysm between April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2013. Results: Seven patients (five men, two women) with a mean age of 58 years (range 47-65) were treated in the study period. Primary treatment with the PED alone, with adjunct coil embolization in two patients, achieved immediate hemostasis in all patients, with no pseudoaneurysm rebleeding after a mean follow-up of 15.3 months (range 4-24 months). One patient had periprocedural cerebral infarction. Delayed internal carotid artery occlusion secondary to in-stent thrombosis occurred in three patients, one of whom had lacunar infarct and two remained asymptomatic. Conclusions: Endovascular treatment with the PED was effective in excluding skull base post-irradiated carotid pseudoaneurysms and preventing recurrent blowout. However, the risk of ischemic complications in this group of patients was high and our experience did not support the use of flow diverters as a first-line treatment for this condition.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Carotid Artery Injuries/diagnostic imaging ; Carotid Artery Injuries/therapy ; Embolization, Therapeutic/methods ; Endovascular Procedures/methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Skull Base/diagnostic imaging ; Skull Base/radiation effects ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2514982-9
ISSN	1759-8486 ; 1759-8478
ISSN (online)	1759-8486
ISSN	1759-8478
DOI	10.1136/neurintsurg-2014-011154
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Article ; Online: Codon preference optimization increases heterologous PEDF expression.

Gvritishvili, Anzor G / Leung, Kar Wah / Tombran-Tink, Joyce

PloS one

2010 Volume 5, Issue 11, Page(s) e15056

Abstract: Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is widely known for its neurotrophic and antiangiogenic functions. Efficacy studies of PEDF in animal models are limited because of poor heterologous protein yields. Here, we redesigned the human PEDF gene to ... ...

Abstract	Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is widely known for its neurotrophic and antiangiogenic functions. Efficacy studies of PEDF in animal models are limited because of poor heterologous protein yields. Here, we redesigned the human PEDF gene to preferentially match codon frequencies of E coli without altering the amino acid sequence. Following de novo synthesis, codon optimized PEDF (coPEDF) and the wtPEDF genes were cloned into pET32a containing a 5' thioredoxin sequence (Trx) and the recombinant Trx-coPEDF or Trx-wtPEDF fusion constructs expressed in native and two tRNA augmented E coli hosts - BL21-CodonPlus(DE3)-RIL and BL21-CodonPlus(DE3)-RP, carrying extra copies of tRNAarg,ile,leu and tRNAarg,pro genes, respectively. Trx-PEDF fusion proteins were isolated using Ni-NTA metal affinity chromatography and PEDF purified after cleavage with factor Xα. Protein purity and identity were confirmed by western blot, MALDI-TOF, and UV/CD spectral analyses. Expression of the synthetic gene was ∼3.4 fold greater (212.7 mg/g; 62.1 mg/g wet cells) and purified yields ∼4 fold greater (41.1 mg/g; 11.3 mg/g wet cell) than wtPEDF in the native host. A small increase in expression of both genes was observed in hosts supplemented with rare tRNA genes compared to the native host but expression of coPEDF was ∼3 fold greater than wtPEDF in both native and codon-bias-adjusted E coli strains. ΔGs at -3 to +50 of the Trx site of both fusion genes were -3.9 kcal/mol. Functionally, coPEDF was equally as effective as wtPEDF in reducing oxidative stress, promoting neurite outgrowth, and blocking endothelial tube formation. These findings suggest that while rare tRNA augmentation and mRNA folding energies can significantly contribute to increased protein expression, preferred codon usage, in this case, is advantageous to translational efficiency of biologically active PEDF in E coli. This strategy will undoubtedly fast forward studies to validate therapeutic utility of PEDF in vivo.
MeSH term(s)	Blotting, Western ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Circular Dichroism ; Codon/genetics ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Eye Proteins/genetics ; Eye Proteins/metabolism ; Eye Proteins/pharmacology ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology ; Nerve Growth Factors/genetics ; Nerve Growth Factors/metabolism ; Nerve Growth Factors/pharmacology ; Neurites/drug effects ; Neurites/physiology ; Oxidants/pharmacology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/pharmacology ; Serpins/genetics ; Serpins/metabolism ; Serpins/pharmacology ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
Chemical Substances	Codon ; Eye Proteins ; Nerve Growth Factors ; Oxidants ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; Serpins ; pigment epithelium-derived factor ; Hydrogen Peroxide (BBX060AN9V)
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-11-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0015056
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Pharmacology of ginsenosides: a literature review.

Leung, Kar Wah / Wong, Alice Sze-Tsai

Chinese medicine

2010 Volume 5, Page(s) 20

Abstract: The therapeutic potential of ginseng has been studied extensively, and ginsenosides, the active components of ginseng, are shown to be involved in modulating multiple physiological activities. This article will review the structure, systemic ... ...

Abstract	The therapeutic potential of ginseng has been studied extensively, and ginsenosides, the active components of ginseng, are shown to be involved in modulating multiple physiological activities. This article will review the structure, systemic transformation and bioavailability of ginsenosides before illustration on how these molecules exert their functions via interactions with steroidal receptors. The multiple biological actions make ginsenosides as important resources for developing new modalities. Yet, low bioavailability of ginsenoside is one of the major hurdles needs to be overcome to advance its use in clinical settings.
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-06-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2260322-0
ISSN	1749-8546 ; 1749-8546
ISSN (online)	1749-8546
ISSN	1749-8546
DOI	10.1186/1749-8546-5-20
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