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  1. Article ; Online: Seroprevalence of viral hepatitis A, B, C, D and E viruses in the Hormozgan province southern Iran.

    Behzadi, Mohammad Amin / Leyva-Grado, Victor Hugo / Namayandeh, Mandana / Ziyaeyan, Atoosa / Feyznezhad, Roya / Dorzaban, Hedayat / Jamalidoust, Marzieh / Ziyaeyan, Mazyar

    BMC infectious diseases

    2019  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 1027

    Abstract: Background: Viral hepatitis is a global public health problem affecting millions of people worldwide, causing thousands of deaths due to acute and persistent infection, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Providing updated serologic data can improve both ... ...

    Abstract Background: Viral hepatitis is a global public health problem affecting millions of people worldwide, causing thousands of deaths due to acute and persistent infection, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Providing updated serologic data can improve both surveillance and disease control programs. This study is aimed to determine the seroprevalence of markers for viral hepatitis (A, B, C, D and E) and the epidemiology of such infections in the general population of southern Iran's Hormozgan province.
    Methods: Between 2016 and 2017, a total of 562 individuals with ages ranging from 1 to 86 years, who visited governmental public laboratories for routine check-ups, were tested for the presence of serological markers to hepatitis virus types A to E using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
    Results: The overall anti-hepatitis A virus (HAV) antibody seroprevalence was 93.2% (524/562). The prevalence of anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibodies was 15.8% (89/562) among which 1.6% (9/562) of the seropositive individuals also had evidence of recent exposure to the virus (IgM positivity). Two and a half percent (14/562) were positive for hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigen, whereas 11.6% (65/562) tested positive for anti-hepatitis B core (HBc) antibodies. Among anti-HBc positive patients, 11% (7/65) had HBs Ag and 5% (3/65) were positive for anti-hepatitis D virus (HDV) antibodies. The prevalence of anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies was 0.7% (4/562). The seroprevalence of anti-HAV, HEV IgG, anti-HBc antibodies, and HBs Ag increased with age.
    Conclusion: The present study confirms a high seroprevalence of HAV infection among the examined population and reveals high levels of endemicity for HEV in the region. Planned vaccination policies against HAV should be considered in all parts of Iran. In addition, improvements on public sanitation and hygiene management of drinking water sources for the studied area are recommended.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers/blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Hepatitis Antibodies/blood ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood ; Hepatitis B virus/immunology ; Hepatitis Viruses/immunology ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human/epidemiology ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human/immunology ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human/prevention & control ; Humans ; Infant ; Iran/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Vaccination ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Hepatitis Antibodies ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1471-2334
    ISSN (online) 1471-2334
    DOI 10.1186/s12879-019-4661-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Widespread circulation of West Nile virus, but not Zika virus in southern Iran.

    Ziyaeyan, Mazyar / Behzadi, Mohammad Amin / Leyva-Grado, Victor Hugo / Azizi, Kourosh / Pouladfar, Gholamreza / Dorzaban, Hedayat / Ziyaeyan, Atoosa / Salek, Sanaz / Jaber Hashemi, Aghyl / Jamalidoust, Marzieh

    PLoS neglected tropical diseases

    2018  Volume 12, Issue 12, Page(s) e0007022

    Abstract: West Nile virus (WNV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) are mosquito-borne viral infections. Over the past few decades, WNV has been associated with several outbreaks involving high numbers of neuroinvasive diseases among humans. The recent re-emergence of ZIKV has ... ...

    Abstract West Nile virus (WNV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) are mosquito-borne viral infections. Over the past few decades, WNV has been associated with several outbreaks involving high numbers of neuroinvasive diseases among humans. The recent re-emergence of ZIKV has been associated with congenital malformation and also with Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults. The geographic range of arthropod-borne viruses has been rapidly increasing in recent years. The objectives of this study were to determine the presence of IgG specific antibodies and the genome of WNV and ZIKV in human samples, as well as WNV and ZIKV genomes in wild-caught mosquitoes in urban and rural areas of the Hormozgan province, in southern Iran. A total of 494 serum samples were tested for the presence of WNV and ZIKV IgG antibodies using ELISA assays. One hundred and two (20.6%) samples were reactive for WNV IgG antibodies. All serum samples were negative for ZIKV IgG antibodies. Using the multivariable logistic analysis, age (45+ vs. 1-25; OR = 3.4, 95% C.I.: 1.8-6.3), occupation (mostly outdoor vs. mostly indoor; OR = 2.4, 95% C.I.: 1.1-5.2), and skin type(type I/II vs. type III/IV and type V/VI; OR = 4.3, 95% C.I.: 1.7-10.8 and OR = 2.7, 95% C.I.: 1.3-5.5 respectively, skin types based on Fitzpatrick scale) showed significant association with WNV seroreactivity. We collected 2,015 mosquitoes in 136 pools belonging to 5 genera and 14 species. Three pools of Culex pipiens complex were positive for WNV RNA using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rtRT-PCR). ZIKV RNA was not detected in any of the pools. All WNV ELISA reactive serum samples were negative for WNV RNA. In conclusion, we provided evidence of the establishment of WNV in southern Iran and no proof of ZIKV in serum samples or in mosquito vectors. The establishment of an organized arbovirus surveillance system and active case finding strategies seems to be necessary.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Iran/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; West Nile Fever/blood ; West Nile Fever/diagnosis ; West Nile Fever/epidemiology ; West Nile Fever/virology ; West Nile virus/classification ; West Nile virus/genetics ; West Nile virus/isolation & purification ; Young Adult ; Zika Virus/classification ; Zika Virus/genetics ; Zika Virus/isolation & purification ; Zika Virus Infection/blood ; Zika Virus Infection/diagnosis ; Zika Virus Infection/epidemiology ; Zika Virus Infection/virology
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2429704-5
    ISSN 1935-2735 ; 1935-2727
    ISSN (online) 1935-2735
    ISSN 1935-2727
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007022
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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