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Article ; Online: Examining the Influence of Fertility Policy Adjustments on Gender Equality in China During the Period of Exceptionally Slow Population Growth.

Yang, Xueyan / Li, Wanxin / Li, Rui

China CDC weekly

2023 Volume 5, Issue 27, Page(s) 605–608

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-12
Publishing country	China
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2096-7071
ISSN (online)	2096-7071
DOI	10.46234/ccdcw2023.116
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Sensitivity enhancement of bimodal waveguide interferometric sensor based on regional mode engineering.

Li, Rui / Yu, Lin / Li, Jiewen / Li, Wanxin / Feng, Yang / Wang, Jinzhao / Xu, Xiaochuan

Optics express

2024 Volume 32, Issue 6, Page(s) 10274–10283

Abstract: In this paper, we propose a novel bimodal waveguide based on regional mode engineering (BiMW-RME). Leveraging the orthogonality of the guided modes, the form of patterned ... ...

Abstract	In this paper, we propose a novel bimodal waveguide based on regional mode engineering (BiMW-RME). Leveraging the orthogonality of the guided modes, the form of patterned SiO
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1491859-6
ISSN	1094-4087 ; 1094-4087
ISSN (online)	1094-4087
ISSN	1094-4087
DOI	10.1364/OE.519015
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Article ; Online: Contributions of Pharmaceuticals to DBP Formation and Developmental Toxicity in Chlorination of NOM-containing Source Water.

Li, Wanxin / Han, Jiarui / Zhang, Xiangru / Chen, Guanghao / Yang, Yun

Environmental science & technology

2023 Volume 57, Issue 47, Page(s) 18775–18787

Abstract: Pharmaceuticals have been considered a priority group of emerging micropollutants in source waters in recent years, while their role in the formation and toxicity of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) during chlorine disinfection remains largely unclear. In ... ...

Abstract	Pharmaceuticals have been considered a priority group of emerging micropollutants in source waters in recent years, while their role in the formation and toxicity of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) during chlorine disinfection remains largely unclear. In this study, the contributions of natural organic matter (NOM) and pharmaceuticals (a mixture of ten representative pharmaceuticals) to the overall DBP formation and toxicity during drinking water chlorination were investigated. By innovatively "normalizing" chlorine exposure and constructing a kinetic model, we were able to differentiate and evaluate the contributions of NOM and pharmaceuticals to the total organic halogen (TOX) formation for source waters that contained different levels of pharmaceuticals. It was found that at a chlorine contact time of 1.0 h, NOM (2 mg/L as
MeSH term(s)	Halogenation ; Disinfectants/toxicity ; Chlorine ; Drinking Water ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; Disinfection ; Water Purification ; Pharmaceutical Preparations
Chemical Substances	Disinfectants ; Chlorine (4R7X1O2820) ; Drinking Water ; Water Pollutants, Chemical ; Pharmaceutical Preparations
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1520-5851
ISSN (online)	1520-5851
DOI	10.1021/acs.est.3c00742
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Article ; Online: MT-MAG: Accurate and interpretable machine learning for complete or partial taxonomic assignments of metagenomeassembled genomes.

Li, Wanxin / Kari, Lila / Yu, Yaoliang / Hug, Laura A

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 8, Page(s) e0283536

Abstract: We propose MT-MAG, a novel machine learning-based software tool for the complete or partial hierarchically-structured taxonomic classification of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs). MT-MAG is alignment-free, with k-mer frequencies being the only feature ...

Abstract	We propose MT-MAG, a novel machine learning-based software tool for the complete or partial hierarchically-structured taxonomic classification of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs). MT-MAG is alignment-free, with k-mer frequencies being the only feature used to distinguish a DNA sequence from another (herein k = 7). MT-MAG is capable of classifying large and diverse metagenomic datasets: a total of 245.68 Gbp in the training sets, and 9.6 Gbp in the test sets analyzed in this study. In addition to complete classifications, MT-MAG offers a "partial classification" option, whereby a classification at a higher taxonomic level is provided for MAGs that cannot be classified to the Species level. MT-MAG outputs complete or partial classification paths, and interpretable numerical classification confidences of its classifications, at all taxonomic ranks. To assess the performance of MT-MAG, we define a "weighted classification accuracy," with a weighting scheme reflecting the fact that partial classifications at different ranks are not equally informative. For the two benchmarking datasets analyzed (genomes from human gut microbiome species, and bacterial and archaeal genomes assembled from cow rumen metagenomic sequences), MT-MAG achieves an average of 87.32% in weighted classification accuracy. At the Species level, MT-MAG outperforms DeepMicrobes, the only other comparable software tool, by an average of 34.79% in weighted classification accuracy. In addition, MT-MAG is able to completely classify an average of 67.70% of the sequences at the Species level, compared with DeepMicrobes which only classifies 47.45%. Moreover, MT-MAG provides additional information for sequences that it could not classify at the Species level, resulting in the partial or complete classification of 95.13%, of the genomes in the datasets analyzed. Lastly, unlike other taxonomic assignment tools (e.g., GDTB-Tk), MT-MAG is an alignment-free and genetic marker-free tool, able to provide additional bioinformatics analysis to confirm existing or tentative taxonomic assignments.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cattle ; Female ; Humans ; Metagenome/genetics ; Benchmarking ; Computational Biology ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Machine Learning
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0283536
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Article ; Online: Prognostic Value of Preoperative Controlling Nutritional Status in Hypopharyngeal Cancer Patients Undergoing Surgery-Oriented Comprehensive Treatment.

Ding, Teng / Li, Wanxin / Liu, Yuhe / Liu, Liangfa / Dong, Yanbo

Ear, nose, & throat journal

2023 Volume 102, Issue 9, Page(s) 590–597

Abstract: Objectives: The preoperative controlling nutritional status (pCONUT) score has been shown correlated with the prognosis of some cancerous diseases; however, little is known about the effect of pCONUT score on hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC). Therefore, the ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: The preoperative controlling nutritional status (pCONUT) score has been shown correlated with the prognosis of some cancerous diseases; however, little is known about the effect of pCONUT score on hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC). Therefore, the objective of our study was to demonstrate the relationship between the pCONUT score and the clinical outcome of patients with HPC. Patients and methods: Ninety-four patients with HPC who underwent surgery between May 2012 and Dec 2020 were enrolled in this study. We evaluated retrospectively their pCONUT scores and calculated the cutoff value regarding the patients' overall survival using the X-tile software. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard regression model were used to determine how the pCONUT score affected overall survival. Results: A cutoff level of 4 was determined to be optimal for the pCONUT score, by which the patients were grouped into high pCONUT score (≥4, n = 22, 23.4%) or low pCONUT score (<4, n = 72, 76.6%) groups. The univariate analysis showed that high pCONUT scores correlated with reduced overall survival (hazard ratio: 2.925, 95% confidence interval: 1.526-5.607, Conclusions: The pCONUT score is considered a useful prognostic factor in patients with HPC.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Prognosis ; Nutritional Status ; Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms/surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Proportional Hazards Models
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	750153-5
ISSN	1942-7522 ; 0145-5613
ISSN (online)	1942-7522
ISSN	0145-5613
DOI	10.1177/01455613221148314
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Article ; Online: Formation of Larger Molecular Weight Disinfection Byproducts from Acetaminophen in Chlorine Disinfection.

Li, Wanxin / Zhang, Xiangru / Han, Jiarui

Environmental science & technology

2022 Volume 56, Issue 23, Page(s) 16929–16939

Abstract: Acetaminophen is widely used to treat mild to moderate pain and to reduce fever. Under the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic, this over-the-counter pain reliever and fever reducer has been drastically consumed, which makes it even more abundant than ever in ... ...

Abstract	Acetaminophen is widely used to treat mild to moderate pain and to reduce fever. Under the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic, this over-the-counter pain reliever and fever reducer has been drastically consumed, which makes it even more abundant than ever in municipal wastewater and drinking water sources. Chlorine is the most widely used oxidant in drinking water disinfection, and chlorination generally causes the degradation of organic compounds, including acetaminophen. In this study, a new reaction pathway in the chlorination of acetaminophen, i.e., oxidative coupling reactions via acetaminophen radicals, was investigated both experimentally and computationally. Using an ultraperformance liquid chromatograph coupled to an electrospray ionization-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, we detected over 20 polymeric products in chlorinated acetaminophen samples, some of which have structures similar to the legacy pollutants "polychlorinated biphenyls". Both C-C and C-O bonding products were found, and the corresponding bonding processes and kinetics were revealed by quantum chemical calculations. Based on the product confirmation and intrinsic reaction coordinate computations, a pathway for the formation of the polymeric products in the chlorination of acetaminophen was proposed. This study suggests that chlorination may cause not only degradation but also upgradation of a phenolic compound or contaminant.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1520-5851
ISSN (online)	1520-5851
DOI	10.1021/acs.est.2c06394
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Article: Effects of ultrasonication on the DBP formation and toxicity during chlorination of saline wastewater effluents.

Li, Yu / Li, Wanxin / Zhang, Xiangru / Jiang, Jingyi

Journal of environmental sciences (China)

2022 Volume 117, Page(s) 326–335

Abstract: Chlorine disinfection of saline wastewater effluents rich in bromide and iodide forms relatively toxic brominated and iodinated disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Ultrasonication is a relatively new water treatment technology, and it is less sensitive to ... ...

Abstract	Chlorine disinfection of saline wastewater effluents rich in bromide and iodide forms relatively toxic brominated and iodinated disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Ultrasonication is a relatively new water treatment technology, and it is less sensitive to suspended solids in wastewaters. In this study, we examined the effects of ultrasonication (in terms of reactor type and combination mode with chlorination) on the DBP formation and toxicity in chlorinated primary and secondary saline wastewater effluents. Compared with the chlorinated wastewater effluent samples without ultrasonication, ultrasonic horn pretreatment of the wastewater effluent samples reduced the total organic halogen (TOX) levels in chlorination by ∼30%, but ultrasonic bath pretreatment of the wastewater samples did not significantly change the TOX levels in chlorination, which might be attributed to the higher energy utilization and decomposition extent of organic DBP precursors in the ultrasonic horn reactor. Moreover, the TOX levels in the chlorinated samples with ultrasonic horn pretreatment (USH-chlorination), simultaneous treatment (chlorination+USH) and subsequent treatment (chlorination-USH) were also significantly reduced, with the maximum TOX reductions occurring in the samples with ultrasonic horn pretreatment. A toxicity index was calculated by weighting and summing the levels of total organic chlorine, total organic bromine and total organic iodine in each treated sample. The calculated toxicity index values of the chlorinated wastewater effluent samples followed a descending rank order of "chlorination" > "chlorination+USH" > "chlorination-USH" > "USH-chlorination", with the lowest toxicity occurring in the samples with ultrasonic horn pretreatment. Then, a developmental toxicity bioassay was conducted for each treated sample. The measured toxicity index values of the chlorinated wastewater samples followed the same descending rank order.
MeSH term(s)	Chlorine ; Disinfectants ; Disinfection ; Halogenation ; Halogens ; Waste Water ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity ; Water Purification
Chemical Substances	Disinfectants ; Halogens ; Waste Water ; Water Pollutants, Chemical ; Chlorine (4R7X1O2820)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-30
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1092300-7
ISSN	1878-7320 ; 1001-0742
ISSN (online)	1878-7320
ISSN	1001-0742
DOI	10.1016/j.jes.2022.05.029
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Article: Effects of ultrasonication on the DBP formation and toxicity during chlorination of saline wastewater effluents

Li, Yu / Li, Wanxin / Zhang, Xiangru / Jiang, Jingyi

Journal of environmental sciences (China). 2022 May 17,

2022

Abstract	Chlorine disinfection of saline wastewater effluents rich in bromide and iodide forms relatively toxic brominated and iodinated disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Ultrasonication is a relatively new water treatment technology, and it is less sensitive to suspended solids in wastewaters. In this study, we examined the effects of ultrasonication (in terms of reactor type and combination mode with chlorination) on the DBP formation and toxicity in chlorinated primary and secondary saline wastewater effluents. Compared with the chlorinated wastewater effluent samples without ultrasonication, ultrasonic horn pretreatment of the wastewater effluent samples reduced the total organic halogen (TOX) levels in chlorination by ∼30%, but ultrasonic bath pretreatment of the wastewater samples did not significantly change the TOX levels in chlorination, which might be attributed to the higher energy utilization and decomposition extent of organic DBP precursors in the ultrasonic horn reactor. Moreover, the TOX levels in the chlorinated samples with ultrasonic horn pretreatment (USH–chlorination), simultaneous treatment (chlorination+USH) and subsequent treatment (chlorination–USH) were also significantly reduced, with the maximum TOX reductions occurring in the samples with ultrasonic horn pretreatment. A toxicity index was calculated by weighting and summing the levels of total organic chlorine, total organic bromine and total organic iodine in each treated sample. The calculated toxicity index values of the chlorinated wastewater effluent samples followed a descending rank order of “chlorination” > “chlorination+USH” > “chlorination–USH” > “USH–chlorination”, with the lowest toxicity occurring in the samples with ultrasonic horn pretreatment. Then, a developmental toxicity bioassay was conducted for each treated sample. The measured toxicity index values of the chlorinated wastewater samples followed the same descending rank order.
Keywords	bioassays ; bromination ; bromine ; chlorination ; chlorine ; developmental toxicity ; disinfection ; energy ; iodine ; ultrasonic treatment ; ultrasonics ; wastewater ; water treatment ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0517
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	1092300-7
ISSN	1878-7320 ; 1001-0742
ISSN (online)	1878-7320
ISSN	1001-0742
DOI	10.1016/j.jes.2022.05.029
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Article ; Online: Acquiring air quality monitoring data through the hierarchy or the market: A case study of Shandong province, China.

Li, Wanxin / Huang, Chunlei

The Science of the total environment

2020 Volume 723, Page(s) 138089

Abstract: This article investigates the principal-agent problem in acquiring air quality monitoring data through the government hierarchy in China and uses Shandong as a case study for illustrating how it is addressed by resorting to a market approach. Adopting ... ...

Abstract	This article investigates the principal-agent problem in acquiring air quality monitoring data through the government hierarchy in China and uses Shandong as a case study for illustrating how it is addressed by resorting to a market approach. Adopting transaction cost economics perspective, we analyzed contractual hazards in both relying on the hierarchy and the market. We found the Shandong provincial environmental protection bureau has specified eligibility criteria and crafted contract terms that can reduce the risk of being held up resulted from asset specificity, increase efficiency, improve observability of both input and output quality, and induce accountability by enforceable rewards and sanctions. The lessons learned contribute to the literature on multi-level environmental governance and are useful for institution building for achieving sustainable development in China and beyond.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-20
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138089
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Article: Acquiring air quality monitoring data through the hierarchy or the market: A case study of Shandong province, China

Li, Wanxin / Huang, Chunlei

Science of the total environment. 2020 June 25, v. 723

2020

Abstract	This article investigates the principal-agent problem in acquiring air quality monitoring data through the government hierarchy in China and uses Shandong as a case study for illustrating how it is addressed by resorting to a market approach. Adopting transaction cost economics perspective, we analyzed contractual hazards in both relying on the hierarchy and the market. We found the Shandong provincial environmental protection bureau has specified eligibility criteria and crafted contract terms that can reduce the risk of being held up resulted from asset specificity, increase efficiency, improve observability of both input and output quality, and induce accountability by enforceable rewards and sanctions. The lessons learned contribute to the literature on multi-level environmental governance and are useful for institution building for achieving sustainable development in China and beyond.
Keywords	accountability ; air quality ; assets ; case studies ; environmental governance ; environmental protection ; markets ; monitoring ; risk reduction ; sustainable development ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0625
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138089
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