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Article ; Online: Mapping the ratoon rice suitability region in China using random forest and recursive feature elimination modeling

Wang, Yue / Li, Yuechen

Field Crops Research. 2023 Oct., v. 301 p.109016-

2023

Abstract: Ratoon rice (RR) offers lower input costs and greater benefits as it allows paddy rice to be harvested twice from the same stubble, compared to double-season rice (DR) and single-season rice. In addition, in situations where there is thermal energy ... ...

Abstract	Ratoon rice (RR) offers lower input costs and greater benefits as it allows paddy rice to be harvested twice from the same stubble, compared to double-season rice (DR) and single-season rice. In addition, in situations where there is thermal energy greater than that required for single-season rice, but less than that required for DR, RR can fully exploit available water and thermal resources, boosting yield and economic output. Yet, it is uncertain where RR and DR are suitable for distribution in China. The objectives were to map the regions suitable for RR and DR at the national level, clarify the optimal factor combinations and dominant controlling factors, and estimate potential paddy rice planting regions/area that are more suitable for RR compared to DR. This study proposed a combination of recursive feature elimination (RFE) method and random forest (RF) model. The RFE, an effective feature selection method, was employed to filter optimal factor combinations from 33 initial factors for RR and DR, respectively. Then, with the assistance of best sample ratio, parameter optimization and 10-fold cross-validation, the optimal RF model was utilized to determine which regions of China are suitable for RR and DR, and which regions have a higher suitability of RR than that of DR. The results showed that the RFE-RF model was able to map accurate suitability regions driven by 22 (DR) and 20 (RR) factors, and optimal parameters (DR: mtry=4 and ntree=1500; RR: mtry=2 and ntree=3500), with high confusion matrix (>0.97) and AUC value (DR:0.996; RR:0.998). The regions of the south of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, as well as central and eastern China and the Sichuan Basin, were high and very high suitability regions for DR and RR, respectively. The regions more suitable for RR were densely concentrated in Sichuan Basin, Hanjiang Plain and Jianghuai Hilly Region, with a combined area of 20.18 million hectares (Mha) classified as having high or very high suitability. These results indicate that climate factors, specifically wtemp, above0, above10, and mrain, may be more important for affecting suitability regions for RR planting than other types of factors. Due to the diversity of rice and the subjectivity of planting, the selection of varieties adapted to local conditions can help reduce the climate risk of RR production, especially in medium and low suitable regions. Exploring the potential planting region and area of DR, RR and more suitable for planting RR in China provides valuable information for increasing rice yield, lowing labor costs and ensuring food safety.
Keywords	basins ; climate ; food safety ; labor ; models ; research ; risk ; rough rice ; stubble ; thermal energy ; China ; Yangtze River ; Suitability region ; Ratoon rice ; Double-season rice ; Random Forest ; Recursive feature elimination
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-10
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	435684-6
ISSN	1872-6852 ; 0378-4290
ISSN (online)	1872-6852
ISSN	0378-4290
DOI	10.1016/j.fcr.2023.109016
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Simulating multiple scenarios of land use/cover change using a coupled model to capture ecological and economic effects

Li, Yuechen / Liu, Xian / Wang, Yue / He, Zhiming

Land Degradation & Development. 2023 June, v. 34, no. 10 p.2862-2879

2023

Abstract: The conflict between the demands of ecological protection and economic development is increasingly prominent. Land use change is sensitive to whether economic or ecological profits dominate, and prediction of future land use changes has become an ... ...

Abstract	The conflict between the demands of ecological protection and economic development is increasingly prominent. Land use change is sensitive to whether economic or ecological profits dominate, and prediction of future land use changes has become an important scientific issue. This article constructs a coupled model that comprises the grey model (GM), the fuzzy multiple objective linear programming model (FMOLP) and the future land use simulation model (FLUS). We used this model to calculate a macro‐scale quantitative forecast using the top‐down GM‐FMOLP model, and calculated micro‐scale spatial simulations of land use/cover change (LUCC) using the bottom‐up FLUS model under three dissimilar future scenarios, with different emphases on ecological and economic benefits. The scenarios were designed to meet different planning requirements in Chongqing: ecological benefits maximization, economic benefits maximization, and combined ecological and economic benefits maximization. The proposed model, FLUS, was applied to a LUCC simulation for Chongqing in 2015, beginning from verified historical land use data from 2010. The results show that the simulation agrees well with the actual land use in 2015. The overall accuracy and kappa coefficient are 85.92% and 0.76, respectively, which indicates the model performs well. The three land use types with the highest producer and user accuracies are forest, cropland and water areas. The GM‐FMOLP model was used to forecast future LUCC quantity demand, and the FLUS model was then used to calculate spatial predictions for the three scenarios for 2040. The prediction results for the six land use types were significantly different under the three different scenarios. The total areas of forest, urban land and water increased by different degrees under the three scenarios, and the unused land area dwindled. Cropland areas were largely converted into forest, urban land and water areas. The increases in forest and urban land areas generally represents internal gap‐filling between disparate areas and peripheral expansion of areas of the same land use type. The increase in water area results from increased surface runoff in mountainous valleys with severe terrain. Areas of unused land are fully transformed into other land use types. The outcomes from the designed scenarios demonstrate that the proposed models are reliable and effective for future LUCC simulation, and highlight key areas where land use changes differently according to the scenario. In summary, in the predictions for the scenario that combined ecological and economic benefits maximization, each land use type tried to maximize ecological and economic benefits under the constraints, taking into account ecological safety and economic growth, which is in line with the coordination, comprehensiveness and binding requirements in Chongqing's development plan. Therefore, this scenario becomes the optimal scenario for land use optimization in Chongqing in the future. This study provides an example of the application of simulation and forecast models in land use management, remediation and urban planning, and addresses the growing requirement for low‐cost and effective tools for prediction of dynamic land use succession patterns.
Keywords	cropland ; economic development ; forests ; land degradation ; land use change ; land use planning ; landscapes ; mountains ; prediction ; remediation ; runoff ; simulation models
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-06
Size	p. 2862-2879.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	1319202-4
ISSN	1085-3278
ISSN	1085-3278
DOI	10.1002/ldr.4653
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Ecological security pattern and spatial variation in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (Chongqing Section), China

Liu, Chunxia / Wang, Chaoxia / Li, Yuechen

Environ Dev Sustain. 2023 Mar., v. 25, no. 3 p.2368-2386

2023

Abstract: Scientists have paid attention to the evaluation of the ecological security for maintaining sustainable ecological development, yet the performance of the existing frameworks could be improved for tackling the challenges in the evaluation. In this study, ...

Abstract	Scientists have paid attention to the evaluation of the ecological security for maintaining sustainable ecological development, yet the performance of the existing frameworks could be improved for tackling the challenges in the evaluation. In this study, the grid cells were used as evaluation units to overcome the boundaries of previous administrative units. The classic pressure–state–response framework was employed to devise the ecological security index. The framework was applied to evaluate the ecological security of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (Chongqing Section). Results show that spatial differences in overall ecological security were significant, and they gradually decrease from east to west. The state factors have the greatest effect on ecological security in the study area, followed by pressure factors. The areas of various grades in descending order were marginally secure, relatively secure, relatively insecure, secure, and insecure, accounting for 49.82%, 33.17%, 9.45%, 6.14%, and 1.42%, respectively. The various ecological security grades showed significant spatial variation characteristics in land use, elevation, slope, and population density. The global Moran’s I index for regional ecological security was 0.80. The regional ecological security shows a strong spatial correlation and exhibits continuity and an agglomeration effect. Ultimately, the outcome of the study provides a better understanding of ecological security in Three Gorges Reservoir Area that is helpful for policymakers in developing measures for eco-environmental management.
Keywords	land use ; population density ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-03
Size	p. 2368-2386.
Publishing place	Springer Netherlands
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	1438730-x
ISSN	1387-585X
ISSN	1387-585X
DOI	10.1007/s10668-022-02147-3
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Article: Evaluation of rural vitality and development types in mountainous areas of southwestern China: A case study of Wuxi County, Chongqing.

Luo, Yun / Liu, Chunxia / Li, Yuechen / Jin, Xianfeng / He, Zhiming / Chen, Qi

Heliyon

2024 Volume 10, Issue 5, Page(s) e27660

Abstract: Protecting and stimulating rural vitality is a critical step towards driving rural revitalization and development; This study outlined the application of a measurement system that indexes rural vitality levels at the township scale and evaluates rural ... ...

Abstract	Protecting and stimulating rural vitality is a critical step towards driving rural revitalization and development; This study outlined the application of a measurement system that indexes rural vitality levels at the township scale and evaluates rural vitality in terms of potential regeneration, survivability, and development. This study combined the CRITIC weighting method, the TOPSIS pros and cons solution-distance method, and a vertical-horizontal comparison method to evaluate the rural vitality of 30 townships in Wuxi County, Chongqing. Using these results, this study divided the townships according to their type of rural development. A natural breakpoint method was used to visualize the spatial pattern of rural development levels.The research showed that: (1) The average value of the composite score of rural vitality in Wuxi County is 0.342, and more than half of the townships' composite vitality values are lower than the average value of the overall vitality, which leads to the conclusion that the overall level of rural vitality is low; (2) the comprehensive level of rural vitality in Wuxi County decreased from southwest to northeast, and showed local variations; (3) the degree of development within the study area was categorized as either dominant, comprehensive, or polarized, developmental deficiency type. This research argued that promoting the development of rural vitality in different villages requires careful scientific planning, detailed knowledge of individual geographic characteristics, and a clear rural development path that spans a range of spatial scales. Specific and specialized rural development strategies are thus required for each type of development.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27660
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Spatiotemporal variation in heatwaves and elderly population exposure across China.

Zhou, Yun / Gu, Songwei / Yang, Hong / Li, Yao / Zhao, Yinjun / Li, Yuechen / Yang, Qingyuan

The Science of the total environment

2024 Volume 917, Page(s) 170245

Abstract: Heatwaves have been intensified worldwide due to climate change, posing great health risks, especially to elderly populations. However, in China, limited studies have employed the heat index to decipher the spatiotemporal trends of heatwaves and their ... ...

Abstract	Heatwaves have been intensified worldwide due to climate change, posing great health risks, especially to elderly populations. However, in China, limited studies have employed the heat index to decipher the spatiotemporal trends of heatwaves and their impacts on the elderly population. By comparing the three heatwave definitions, this study aimed to evaluate the long-term spatiotemporal variations in heatwaves from 1964 to 2022 across China using the Excess Heat Factor (EHF). We took advantage of high-resolution reanalysis temperature data on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform to efficiently calculate the heatwaves. Our results revealed that the frequency and duration of heatwaves increased significantly in approximately 77 % of China's total area, with South China experiencing the most frequent and prolonged heatwaves. Conversely, in most areas, no significant trend was discerned in the growth of the maximum and average heatwave intensities. The total number of elderly people affected by heatwaves surged from approximately 11.96 million in 2001 to over 30.31 million in 2020, with an estimated additional 1.12 million older adults exposed to heatwaves annually across the nation (R
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Hot Temperature ; Temperature ; China ; Climate Change
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-24
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170245
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Spatiotemporal differentiation and geographic detection mechanism of ecological security in Chongqing, China

Liu, Chunxia / Wang, Chaoxia / Li, Yuechen / Wang, Yue

Global ecology and conservation. 2022 June, v. 35

2022

Abstract: Ecological security is characterized by regional differentiation. Research on the spatiotemporal differentiation and mechanisms of ecological security across different regions plays an important role in ecological management and sustainable development. ... ...

Abstract	Ecological security is characterized by regional differentiation. Research on the spatiotemporal differentiation and mechanisms of ecological security across different regions plays an important role in ecological management and sustainable development. Taking Chongqing as our study area, and based on natural and socioeconomic data, we used spatial statistics and geographic detectors to explore the spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics and mechanisms of ecological security in Chongqing during the period 2000–2020. Our results show that ecological security in Chongqing was in a critically secure state. It exhibited an overall downward trend with the characteristics of an upward trend in 2000–2010 and a downward trend in 2010–2020. The improved area comprised 19,994.74 km² (24.27% of the land area) between 2000 and 2020, and this was mainly distributed in the northeast and southeast of the region, while areas of deterioration were mostly concentrated in urban residential zones, traffic arteries, and surrounding areas. Ecological security had clear spatial agglomeration characteristics. High value areas of ecological security were concentrated in the southeast and northeast, while low value areas were primarily found in the western cities and the core areas of socioeconomic development. The geographic detection mechanism suggests that among 17 key factors, the human disturbance index, land use degree, regional development index, biological abundance index, elasticity of the eco-environmental system, and the ecosystem service value contributed more than 50% of the spatial differentiation in ecological security. Thus, these six factors dominated the spatial differentiation. There were 40 main interactive combinations of four categories with q values > 0.7 in our interaction detection. The interactive synergy of terrain relief, human disturbance index, and land use degree enhanced the interpretation of the spatial differentiation of ecological security. Overall, this study refined the research scale to the grid unit, uncovered the leading factors and their interaction effects on ecological security, and provided a theoretical basis for the regulation of the ecological security of mountainous regions according to local conditions.
Keywords	anthropogenic activities ; ecology ; ecosystem services ; land use ; landscapes ; mountains ; socioeconomic development ; spatial variation ; statistics ; sustainable development ; traffic ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-06
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2814786-8
ISSN	2351-9894
ISSN	2351-9894
DOI	10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02072
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Identification of Urban Functional Areas and Their Mixing Degree Using Point of Interest Analyses

Li, Ya / Liu, Chunxia / Li, Yuechen

Land. 2022 June 30, v. 11, no. 7

2022

Abstract: With the rise of smart cities and geographic big-data applications, the refined identification of urban functional areas is of great significance for decision-makers to formulate scientific and reasonable urban planning. In this paper, a random forest ... ...

Abstract	With the rise of smart cities and geographic big-data applications, the refined identification of urban functional areas is of great significance for decision-makers to formulate scientific and reasonable urban planning. In this paper, a random forest algorithm was adopted to analyze Point of Interest (POI) data, with the aim of identifying the functional zoning of Chongqing’s central urban area and to quantify the functional mixing degree by combining POI data with Open Street Map (OSM) road networks. The main conclusions include: (1) Due to the topography and previous urban planning strategies, the central urban area of Chongqing has a significant cluster development that radiates outward from the center of each district. Mixed functional areas account for about 40% of the total area, excluding non-functional areas. The land-use intensity of the central urban area is significant. (2) The mixing degree of the inner ring is generally high, while the aggregation characteristics of the outer ring are weaker. The functions of catering and transportation are dispersed and are mutually exclusive from other functions. (3) The identification of residential service and green spaces and squares was the best, while the identification of catering service areas was slightly less accurate. The overall identification accuracy of the single-function areas was 82%. The results of functional zoning provide valuable information for understanding the downtown area of Chongqing and represent a new method for the study of urban structures in the future.
Keywords	algorithms ; decision making ; land ; topography ; urban areas
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0630
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2682955-1
ISSN	2073-445X
ISSN	2073-445X
DOI	10.3390/land11070996
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Using Remote Sensing to Identify Urban Fringe Areas and Their Spatial Pattern of Educational Resources: A Case Study of the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle

Lu, Wei / Li, Yuechen / Zhao, Rongkun / Wang, Yue

Remote Sensing. 2022 June 30, v. 14, no. 13

2022

Abstract: Rapid urbanization has already caused many impacts, such as environmental degradation and imbalanced resource allocation. As the frontiers of urbanization, urban fringe areas (UFAs) present both urban and rural characteristics and undergo complex socio- ... ...

Abstract	Rapid urbanization has already caused many impacts, such as environmental degradation and imbalanced resource allocation. As the frontiers of urbanization, urban fringe areas (UFAs) present both urban and rural characteristics and undergo complex socio-economic structural changes. Accurately identifying the spatial extent of UFAs is highly significant because it contributes to understanding the pattern of urban spatial expansion and guides future urban planning. However, existing methods are strongly affected by subjective factors. To solve this problem, this study presents a new approach to identifying UFAs, with the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle as the study area. The new method achieved an identification accuracy of 74.2%, effectively eliminated some noise points, and reduced the influence of subjective factors. From an applied perspective, this study employed the Geo-information Tupu and density-field-based hotspot detector to analyze the spatial pattern of educational resources. Overall, the results showed that hotspots of educational resources are concentrated in places with good transportation or near urban areas; and the generalized symmetric structure Tupu of hotspots is diverse. In addition, the results can reveal the hotspot formation mechanism and provide a reference for resource allocation.
Keywords	case studies ; environmental degradation ; resource allocation ; socioeconomics ; spatial data ; transportation ; urbanization
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0630
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2513863-7
ISSN	2072-4292
ISSN	2072-4292
DOI	10.3390/rs14133148
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Evaluating the effects of water exchange between surface rivers and karst aquifers on surface flood simulations at different watershed scales

Li, Ji / Yuan, Daoxian / Liu, Jiao / Ma, Mingguo / Li, Yuechen

Journal of Hydrology. 2023 Aug., v. 623 p.129851-

2023

Abstract: The complex subsurface conditions and spatial anisotropy of water-bearing media in karst basins result in much more variable runoff generation and confluence processes and water circulation than those in nonkarst basins. Therefore, accurate flood ... ...

Abstract	The complex subsurface conditions and spatial anisotropy of water-bearing media in karst basins result in much more variable runoff generation and confluence processes and water circulation than those in nonkarst basins. Therefore, accurate flood forecasting is more difficult in karst areas, and it is challenging to accurately quantify the water exchange relationship between surface rivers and karst aquifers. To provide key technical support for accurate flood forecasts in karst basins, this study improved a distributed physical hydrologic model, the Karst-Liuxihe model, by improving the runoff generation and confluence algorithms and the parameter optimization algorithm to simulate surface floods in three different karst watersheds in southern China. Additionally, in the model calculations, this study focused on the influence of water exchange on surface flood simulations in changing watersheds. The results showed that for the largest basin, Xijiang Basin (353,100 km²), considering or not considering the water exchange between the surface river and karst aquifer had little effect on the surface flood simulation results. However, this water exchange had a great effect on the surface simulations for the smallest basin, the Beijiang Basin (1,700 km²). For instance, the simulated average peak flow showed a 29 % difference, and the total amount of flooding showed a 25 % difference between dry years and normal years. Therefore, when forecasting surface floods in small karst areas, the water exchange relationship between surface rivers and karst aquifers must be considered. The results showed that the impact of groundwater on surface rivers can be disregarded when forecasting surface floods in the large Xijiang karst basin and can be treated directly as surface flood forecasting in nonkarst areas. The application of this strategy will greatly simplify the cost of hydrologic modelling in the Xijiang basin. By improving the Karst-Liuxihe model, the accuracy of its flood simulation and general applicability in karst basins were greatly enhanced. The improvement in the karst hydrological model in this study provides a good tool for flood simulation and forecasting in the karst regions of Southwest China.
Keywords	algorithms ; anisotropy ; aquifers ; basins ; groundwater ; hydrologic models ; karsts ; rivers ; runoff ; water flow ; watersheds ; China ; Flood simulation and forecasting ; Water exchange ; Karst-Liuxihe model ; Karst basin
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-08
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	1473173-3
ISSN	1879-2707 ; 0022-1694
ISSN (online)	1879-2707
ISSN	0022-1694
DOI	10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129851
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Article: Hotspot Detection and Spatiotemporal Evolution of Catering Service Grade in Mountainous Cities from the Perspective of Geo-Information Tupu

Zhang, Yu / Min, Jie / Liu, Chunxia / Li, Yuechen

ISPRS international journal of geo-information. 2021 Apr. 30, v. 10, no. 5

2021

Abstract: Catering services are an essential part of urban life. The spatial structure and evolution of catering services can reflect the characteristics of an urban structure to a certain extent. In this study, we selected the main urban area of Chongqing, a ... ...

Abstract	Catering services are an essential part of urban life. The spatial structure and evolution of catering services can reflect the characteristics of an urban structure to a certain extent. In this study, we selected the main urban area of Chongqing, a typical mountainous city, as the research area. According to data sources for 200,000 catering POI data points in 2015 and 2020, we extracted the hotspots according to catering service grade based on kernel density. We quantitatively analyzed the spatiotemporal structure of catering services in the mountainous city. In addition, we used digital field hierarchical structure Tupu and generalized symmetric structure Tupu to identify the spatial morphology and evolution characteristics to enhance the understanding of geoscience trends. The results showed that (1) the distribution of catering services was statically consistent with the “multi-center group” distribution of the mountainous city and dynamically similar to the “sprawling leap” development of the mountainous city where it developed from independent points to cross mountains and rivers. Moreover, we found that there was a tendency of adhering development between groups. (2) From the perspective of symmetrical distribution, the symmetrical distribution of the catering industry reflected a certain generalized symmetrical structure with mountains and rivers in the mountainous city. Furthermore, the city tended to develop symmetrically along the topography, thus forming the symmetry of economic geography.
Keywords	evolution ; geography ; mountains ; spatial data ; topography ; urban areas
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0430
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2655790-3
ISSN	2220-9964
ISSN	2220-9964
DOI	10.3390/ijgi10050287
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