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Article ; Online: The Herbal Cocktail GSYJ Attenuated Airway Inflammatory Cell Infiltration in a Chronic Asthmatic Mouse Model

Chung-Jen Chiang / Shu-Lun Chang / Li-Jen Lin

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Vol

2021 Volume 2021

Abstract: This study explored the potential therapeutic efficacy of GSYJ in attenuating asthma symptom severity and aimed to determine the immunomodulatory mechanism of GSYJ. A mouse model of chronic asthma induced by repeated Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) ...

Abstract	This study explored the potential therapeutic efficacy of GSYJ in attenuating asthma symptom severity and aimed to determine the immunomodulatory mechanism of GSYJ. A mouse model of chronic asthma induced by repeated Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) challenge was established. In addition, 30 minutes before Der p challenge, the mice were orally administered GSYJ (1 g/kg). The mice were sacrificed to evaluate inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen deposition in the lung, total IgE in serum, and expression profiles of various cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and various genes in lung tissue. Furthermore, 30 minutes after the addition of GSYJ to RAW264.7 cell cultures, 100 ng/ml LPS was added to evaluate the effect of the drug on the LPS-induced expression of genes, proteins, and transcription factors. GSYJ may regulate transcription factors (cJUN/IRF3/NF-κB) to decrease the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, RANTES, and iNOS in macrophages and affect the IL-12, IFN-γ, IL-5, and IL-6 levels in the BALF of mice to relieve asthma symptoms, such as inflammatory cell infiltration, hyperresponsiveness, and increased serum total IgE levels. Therefore, GSYJ has the potential to be developed into a drug treatment for chronic asthma.
Keywords	Other systems of medicine ; RZ201-999
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Biocatalytic Conversion of Short-Chain Fatty Acids to Corresponding Alcohols in Escherichia coli

Li-Jen Lin / Mukesh Saini / Chung-Jen Chiang / Yun-Peng Chao

Processes, Vol 9, Iss 973, p

2021 Volume 973

Abstract: Advanced biofuels possess superior characteristics to serve for gasoline substitutes. In this study, a whole cell biocatalysis system was employed for production of short-chain alcohols from corresponding fatty acids. To do so, Escherichia coli strain ... ...

Abstract	Advanced biofuels possess superior characteristics to serve for gasoline substitutes. In this study, a whole cell biocatalysis system was employed for production of short-chain alcohols from corresponding fatty acids. To do so, Escherichia coli strain was equipped with a biocatalytic pathway consisting of endogenous atoDA and Clostridium acetobutylicum adhE2 . The strain was further reprogrammed to improve its biocatalytic activity by direction the glycolytic flux to acetyl-CoA and recycling acetate. The production of 1-propanol and n-pentanol were exemplified with the engineered strain. By substrate (glucose and propionate) feeding, the strain enabled production of 5.4 g/L 1-propanol with productivity reaching 0.15 g/L/h. In addition, the strain with a heavy inoculum was implemented for the n-pentanol production from n-pentanoic acid. The production titer and productivity finally attained 4.3 g/L and 0.86 g/L/h, respectively. Overall, the result indicates that this developed system is useful and effective for biocatalytic production of short-chain alcohols.
Keywords	short-chain fatty alcohols ; short-chain fatty acids ; biocatalysis ; Chemical technology ; TP1-1185 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Pulsatilla decoction suppresses matrix metalloproteinase-7-mediated leukocyte recruitment in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis mouse model

Ming-Kuem Lin / Ya-Ting Yang / Li-Jen Lin / Wei-Hsuan Yu / Huan-Yuan Chen

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2022 Volume 14

Abstract: Abstract Background Intestinal inflammation is considered to be an important characteristic of ulcerative colitis (UC) and the current medical treatments for UC are usually proposed to suppress abnormal intestinal immune responses. Pulsatilla decoction ( ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Intestinal inflammation is considered to be an important characteristic of ulcerative colitis (UC) and the current medical treatments for UC are usually proposed to suppress abnormal intestinal immune responses. Pulsatilla decoction (PD), a traditional Chinese medicine, is frequently used in UC treatments in Asian countries; however, the mechanism of the action of PD remains unclear. In the present study, the mechanism of the action of PD was elucidated in the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, a model to mimic UC. Methods Murine colitis was evaluated by comparing the disease activity index score. The intestinal inflammation was examined by histology analyses. The leukocyte infiltration in the colonic tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry analyses. The cytokines level in colonic tissues was examined by Multi-Plex immunoassay. The epithelial proliferation was evaluated by histological analyses. Immunofluorescence double staining was used to examine the expression of MMP-7 in the immune cells. Results In the DSS-induced colitis mouse model, administration of PD attenuated the intestinal inflammation, with a marked decrease in colonic infiltration of innate immune cells. Immunohistochemical analyses further showed that matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) expressed by the infiltrating leukocytes, including neutrophils and macrophages was inhibited by PD treatment. PD increases the cytokine level of IL-6 in colonic tissues. Conclusion PD suppresses intestinal inflammation, with a marked decrease in colonic infiltration of innate immune cells, through decreasing MMP-7 expression.
Keywords	Pulsatilla decoction ; Intestinal inflammation ; Leukocyte recruitment ; Matrix metalloproteinase-7 ; Ulcerative colitis ; Other systems of medicine ; RZ201-999
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Assessment of Intestinal Immunity and Permeability of Broilers on Partial Replacement Diets of Two-Stage Fermented Soybean Meal by Bacillus velezensis and Lactobacillus brevis ATCC 367

Chia Fen Tsai / Li Jen Lin / Chao Humg Wang / Ching Sung Tsai / Shang Chang Chang / Tzu Tai Lee

Animals, Vol 11, Iss 2336, p

2021 Volume 2336

Abstract: The effect of soybean peptides from fermented soybean meal on the intestinal immunity and tight junction of broilers was assessed. Roughly, two-stage fermented soybean meal prepared with Bv and Lb (FSBM B+L ), which has nearly three times higher soluble ... ...

Abstract	The effect of soybean peptides from fermented soybean meal on the intestinal immunity and tight junction of broilers was assessed. Roughly, two-stage fermented soybean meal prepared with Bv and Lb (FSBM B+L ), which has nearly three times higher soluble peptides than soybean meal (SBM), and reduced galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) content and allergen protein. The one-stage fermented by Bv (FSBM B ) has the highest soluble peptides, while commercial lactic acid bacteria (FSBM L ) has the highest Lactic acid bacteria count; these were used to compare the differences in the process. Ross308 broilers (n = 320) were divided into four groups: SBM diet and a diet replaced with 6% FSBM B+L , FSBM B , or FSBM L . The growth performance was recorded during the experiment, and six birds (35-day-old) per group were euthanized. Analysis of their jejunum and ileum showed that the fermented soybean meal significantly improved the villus height in the jejunum ( p < 0.05) and reduced the crypt hyperplasia. The FSBM B group had the highest reducing crypt depth; however, the FSBM B+L group had the highest villus height/crypt depth in the ileum ( p < 0.05). In the jejunum, the relative mRNA of C LDN-1 and Occludin increased 2-fold in the treatments, and ZO-1 mRNA increased 1.5 times in FSBM L and FSBM B+L ( p < 0.05). Furthermore, the level of NF-κB and IL-6 mRNAs in FSBM L increased, respectively, by 4 and 2.5 times. While FSBM B , along with FSBM B+L , had a 1.5-fold increase in the mRNA of IL-10 , that of NF-κB increased 2-fold. FSBM B+L and FSBM B singly led to a 2- and 3-fold increase in IL-6 mRNA, respectively ( p < 0.05). FSBM B and FSBM B+L can also upregulate MUC2 in the jejunum ( p < 0.05). In short, using the soybean peptides from two-stage fermented soybean meal can ameliorate the negative factors of SBM and effectively regulate immune expression and intestinal repair, which will help broilers maintain intestinal integrity.
Keywords	soybean meal ; soy peptide ; two-stage fermentation ; immunity ; intestinal morphology ; tight junction ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
Subject code	290
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effects of and phytase co-fermentation of wheat bran on growth, antioxidation, immunity and intestinal morphology in broilers

Wen-Yang Chuang / Li-Jen Lin / Yun-Chen Hsieh / Shen-Chang Chang / Tzu-Tai Lee

Animal Bioscience, Vol 34, Iss 7, Pp 1157-

2021 Volume 1168

Abstract: Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different amounts of wheat bran (WB) inclusion and postbiotics form by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and phytase co-fermented wheat bran (FWB) on the growth performance and health status of ... ...

Abstract	Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different amounts of wheat bran (WB) inclusion and postbiotics form by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and phytase co-fermented wheat bran (FWB) on the growth performance and health status of broilers. Methods Study randomly allocated a total of 300 male broilers to a control and 4 treatment groups (5% WB, 5% FWB, 10% WB, and 10% FWB inclusion, respectively) with each pen having 20 broilers and 3 pens per treatment. Results The WB does not contain enzymes, but there are 152.8, 549.2, 289.5, and 147.1 U/g dry matter xylanase, protease, cellulase and β-glucanase in FWB, respectively. Furthermore, FWB can decrease nitric oxide release of lipopolysaccharide stimulated chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells by about two times. Results show that 10% FWB inclusion had significantly the highest weight gain (WG) at 1 to 21 d; 5% FWB had the lowest feed conversion rate at 22 to 35 d; 10% WB and 10% FWB inclusion have the highest villus height and Lactobacillus spp. number in caecum; and both 5% and 10% FWB can increase ash content in femurs. Compared to control group, all treatments increase mucin 2, and tight junction (TJ), such as occludin, claudin-1, zonula occludens-1, and mRNA expression in ileum by at least 5 folds. In chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase-1 mRNA expression decreases from 2 to 5 times, and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit mRNA expression also increases in all treatment groups compared to control group. The mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), nuclear factor-κB, and IL-1β, decreases in 5% and 10% FWB groups compared to control group. Conclusion To summarize, both WB and FWB inclusion in broilers diets increase TJ mRNA expression and anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation, but up to 10% FWB groups have better WG in different stages of broiler development.
Keywords	wheat bran ; co-fermented ; phytase ; postbiotic ; Zoology ; QL1-991
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Production performances and antioxidant activities of laying hens fed and phytase co-fermented wheat bran

Chung Ming Huang / Wen Yang Chuang / Wei Chih Lin / Li Jen Lin / Sheng Chang Chang / Tzu Tai Lee

Animal Bioscience, Vol 34, Iss 3, Pp 371-

2021 Volume 384

Abstract: Objective Wheat bran (WB) was co-fermented with Aspergillus oryzae and phytase (Phy) to determine whether co-fermentation improve WB phosphorus and fiber utilization in Isa-brown layers. Methods A total of 112 Isa brown layer were randomly divided into 7 ...

Abstract	Objective Wheat bran (WB) was co-fermented with Aspergillus oryzae and phytase (Phy) to determine whether co-fermentation improve WB phosphorus and fiber utilization in Isa-brown layers. Methods A total of 112 Isa brown layer were randomly divided into 7 treatments with 8 replicates per a treatment and 2 hens per a replicate. The treatments included basal diet (control), basal diet supplemented with 250 unit/kg Phy (control+Phy), diet with 10% WB (10% WB), diet with 5% WB and 250 unit/kg Phy (5% WB+Phy) diet with 10% WB and 250 unit/kg Phy (10% WB+Phy), diet with 5% fermented WB supplemented with molasses and phy (PCFWH) and 125 unit/kg Phy (5% PCFWH), and diet with 10% PCFWH (10% PCFWH). The intestinal microbial population, intestinal morphology, serum antioxidant enzyme activities, and excreta phosphorus content were assessed. Results In PCFWH, spore counts, protease activity, xylanase activity, and ferulic acid were 8.50 log/g dry matter (DM), 190 unit/g DM, 120 unit/g DM, and 127 μg/g, respectively. Xylobiose and xylotriose were released in PCFWH, while they were not detectable in WB. Antioxidant capacity was also enhanced in PCFWH compared to WB. The 10% WB+Phy and 10% PCFWH groups produced higher egg mass, but hens fed 5% WB+Phy had the lowest amount of feed intake. Eggs from 10% PCFWH had better eggshell weight, eggshell strength, and eggshell thickness. Birds fed with 10% PCFWH also had higher serum superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Compare to control, 10% PCFWH significantly reduced excreta phosphorus content. Conclusion Diet inclusion of 10% PCFWH improved egg quality, antioxidant status, and excreta phosphorus content of laying hens.
Keywords	phytase ; co-fermentation ; antioxidant ; hen ; Zoology ; QL1-991
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Intestinal Microbiota, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Oxidative Status of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Containing Mushroom Waste Compost By-Products

Wen Yang Chuang / Li Jen Lin / Hsin Der Shih / Yih Min Shy / Shang Chang Chang / Tzu Tai Lee

Animals, Vol 11, Iss 2550, p

2021 Volume 2550

Abstract: This study investigated the effects of using mushroom waste compost as the residue medium for Pleurotus eryngii planting, which was used as a feed replacement; its consequent influence on broiler chickens’ intestinal microbiota, anti-inflammatory ... ...

Abstract	This study investigated the effects of using mushroom waste compost as the residue medium for Pleurotus eryngii planting, which was used as a feed replacement; its consequent influence on broiler chickens’ intestinal microbiota, anti-inflammatory responses, and anti-oxidative status was likewise studied. A total of 240 male broilers were used and allocated to four treatment groups: the basal diet—control group (corn–soybean); 5% replacement of a soybean meal via PWMC ( Pennisetum purpureum Schum No. 2 waste mushroom compost); 5% replacement of a soybean meal via FPW ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermented PWMC); 5% replacement of a soybean meal via PP ( Pennisetum purpureum Schum No. 2). Each treatment had three replicates and 20 birds per pen. The levels of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase mRNA as well as protein increased in the liver and serum in chickens, respectively; mRNA levels of inflammation-related genes were also suppressed 2 to 10 times in all treatments as compared to those in the control group. The tight junction and mucin were enhanced 2 to 10 times in all treatment groups as compared to those in the control, especially in the PWMC group. Nevertheless, the appetite-related mRNA levels were increased in the PWMC and FPW groups by at least two times. In ileum and cecum, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios in broilers were decreased in the PWMC, FPW, and PP groups. The Lactobacillaceae in the ileum were increased mainly in the PWMC and control groups. Overall, high-fiber feeds (PWMC, FPW, and PP) could enhance the broilers’ health by improving their antioxidant capacities and decreasing their inflammatory response as compared to the control. Based on the results, a 5% replacement of the soybean meal via PWMC is recommended in the broiler chickens’ diet.
Keywords	agriculture by-product ; anti-inflammatory ; antioxidant ; broiler ; microbiota ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan, a traditional Chinese medicine, alleviated allergic airway hypersensitivity and inflammatory cell infiltration in a chronic asthma mouse model

Kao, Shung-Te / Shulhn-Der Wang / Chih-Che Lin / Li-Jen Lin

Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2018 Dec. 05, v. 227

2018

Abstract: In Asia, Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan (JGSQW) has been used for hundreds of years to treat asthma.The traditional Chinese medicine JGSQW is composed of Rehmannia glutinosa, Dioscorea opposita, Cornus officinalis, Poria cocos, Paeonia suffruticosa, Alisma ... ...

Abstract	In Asia, Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan (JGSQW) has been used for hundreds of years to treat asthma.The traditional Chinese medicine JGSQW is composed of Rehmannia glutinosa, Dioscorea opposita, Cornus officinalis, Poria cocos, Paeonia suffruticosa, Alisma orientalis, Aconitum carmichaelii and Cinnamomum cassia. However, the immunological mechanism underlying the effect of JGSQW treatment on asthma remains unclear. This study examined whether JGSQW has the potential to reduce asthma symptoms in mice with chronic asthma induced by recurrent Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) stimulation, as well as its immunoregulatory mechanisms.The airways of BALB/c mice were stimulated with Der p (i.t.) once per week (50 μL, 1 mg/mL) for 6 consecutive weeks, and the mice were fed JGSQW (1 g/kg) 30 min prior to the Der p stimulation. Three days after the last stimulation, the mice were sacrificed to evaluate the airway remodelling, infiltration of inflammatory cells, lung histological features, and total IgE in the blood. Additionally, after A549 cells were treated with JGSQW, loganin, or paeoniflorin for 30 min, 10 ng/mL IL-1β was added to stimulate the A549 cells to evaluate the effect of the medicine on the ICAM-1 gene expression after IL-1β stimulation.JGSQW significantly reduced the Der p-induced infiltration of inflammatory cells into airways and decreased the total IgE and Der p-specific IgG1 in serum. Collagen assays and histopathological examinations showed that JGSQW reduced lung airway remodelling. Additionally, an electrophoretic mobility shift assay and immunohistochemical staining verified that JGSQW inhibited the NF-kB expression in airway epithelial cell nuclei. JGSQW, loganin, and paeoniflorin inhibited the ICAM-1 gene expression caused by the IL-1β stimulation of A549 cells, and loganin and paeoniflorin had the maximum inhibitory effect when mixed according to the combination of doses in JGSQW.These results indicated that in the chronic asthma mouse model, JGSQW inhibits the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the airways and airway remodelling and exhibits specific immunoregulatory effects. JGSQW with certain doses of loganin and paeoniflorin inhibited ICAM-1 gene expression in epithelial cells.
Keywords	Aconitum carmichaelii ; Alisma orientale ; Cinnamomum aromaticum ; Cornus officinalis ; Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ; Dioscorea oppositifolia ; Oriental traditional medicine ; Paeonia suffruticosa ; Rehmannia glutinosa ; Wolfiporia cocos ; animal models ; asthma ; blood serum ; cell nucleus ; collagen ; epithelial cells ; gel electrophoresis ; gene expression ; histopathology ; hypersensitivity ; immunoglobulin E ; immunoglobulin G ; immunohistochemistry ; immunomodulation ; intercellular adhesion molecule-1 ; interleukin-1beta ; loganin ; lungs ; mice ; staining ; transcription factor NF-kappa B
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-1205
Size	p. 181-190.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	134511-4
ISSN	1872-7573 ; 0378-8741
ISSN (online)	1872-7573
ISSN	0378-8741
DOI	10.1016/j.jep.2018.08.028
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Synthesis of Azoxybenzenes by Reductive Dimerization of Nitrosobenzene

Chen, Yu-Feng / Gary Jing Chuang / Jing Chen / Li-Jen Lin

Journal of organic chemistry. 2017 Nov. 03, v. 82, no. 21

2017

Abstract: Herein we report an effective and simple preparation method of substituted azoxybenzenes by reductive dimerization of nitrosobenzenes. This procedure requires no additional catalyst/reagent and can be applied to substrates with a wide range of ... ...

Abstract	Herein we report an effective and simple preparation method of substituted azoxybenzenes by reductive dimerization of nitrosobenzenes. This procedure requires no additional catalyst/reagent and can be applied to substrates with a wide range of substitution patterns.
Keywords	catalysts ; chemical structure ; dimerization ; organic chemistry ; organic compounds
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-1103
Size	p. 11626-11630.
Publishing place	American Chemical Society
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	123490-0
ISSN	1520-6904 ; 0022-3263
ISSN (online)	1520-6904
ISSN	0022-3263
DOI	10.1021/acs.joc.7b01887
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Article: Development of Nanoscale Oil Bodies for Targeted Treatment of Lung Cancer

Chiang, Chung-Jen / Chia-Pei Wu / Chih-Jung Chen / Li-Jen Lin / Yun-Peng Chao

Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 2018 Aug. 18, v. 66, no. 36

2018

Abstract: Lung cancer is the most widespread disease and is frequently associated with a high level of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). This study was thus conducted to provide a proof-of-concept approach for targeted therapy of lung cancer by development ... ...

Abstract	Lung cancer is the most widespread disease and is frequently associated with a high level of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). This study was thus conducted to provide a proof-of-concept approach for targeted therapy of lung cancer by development of nanoscale oil bodies (NOBs). This was carried out by fusion of anti-EGFR affibody (ZEGFR2) with oleosin (Ole), a structure protein of plant seed oils. The fusion protein (Ole-ZEGFR2) was produced in Escherichia coli. NOBs were spontaneously assembled from plant oil, phospholipids, and Ole-ZEGFR2. Consequently, Ole-ZEGFR2-based NOBs were selectively internalized by EGFR-positive lung cancer cells with an efficiency exceeding 90%. Furthermore, the hydrophobic anticancer drug, camptothecin (CPT), was encapsulated into Ole-ZEGFR2-based NOBs. The administration of the CPT formulation based on NOBs resulted in a strong antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo.
Keywords	antineoplastic activity ; antineoplastic agents ; epidermal growth factor receptors ; Escherichia coli ; hydrophobicity ; lipid bodies ; lung neoplasms ; neoplasm cells ; oleosin ; phospholipids ; plant fats and oils ; therapeutics
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-0818
Size	p. 9438-9445.
Publishing place	American Chemical Society
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	241619-0
ISSN	1520-5118 ; 0021-8561
ISSN (online)	1520-5118
ISSN	0021-8561
DOI	10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02972
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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