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Article ; Online: A new variant of gallbladder duplication mimicking a choledochal cyst: stepwise management of an unexpected surgical finding.

Kim, M / Lam, S / Thirunavaya Kalathil, M A / Paterson, A / Bowden, D J / Liau, S-S

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England

2024

Abstract: We present a case of previously unclassified duplicated gallbladder which posed a surgical challenge intraoperatively by mimicking a choledochal cyst. An intraoperative cholangiogram was performed followed by a simple cholecystectomy. No further ... ...

Abstract	We present a case of previously unclassified duplicated gallbladder which posed a surgical challenge intraoperatively by mimicking a choledochal cyst. An intraoperative cholangiogram was performed followed by a simple cholecystectomy. No further dissection was performed to avoid bile duct injury and complication from the unconventional anatomy. Postoperative imaging and histology, followed by the second operation confirmed findings consistent with the duplicated gallbladder. Through this case, we have demonstrated the principles of safe cholecystectomy and the importance of a staged approach in an unanticipated encounter of anatomical uncertainty, as well as the description of a new variant of duplicated gallbladder.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80044-2
ISSN	1478-7083 ; 0035-8843
ISSN (online)	1478-7083
ISSN	0035-8843
DOI	10.1308/rcsann.2022.0131
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Article ; Online: Improvised biliary cooling technique for radiofrequency ablation of liver tumours close to central bile ducts.

Elshaer, M / White, J / Liau, S S

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England

2020 Volume 102, Issue 9, Page(s) 758

MeSH term(s)	Common Bile Duct/physiology ; Humans ; Hypothermia, Induced/methods ; Laparotomy ; Liver/surgery ; Liver Neoplasms/surgery ; Radiofrequency Ablation/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80044-2
ISSN	1478-7083 ; 0035-8843
ISSN (online)	1478-7083
ISSN	0035-8843
DOI	10.1308/rcsann.2020.0187
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Article ; Online: An update on inflammation in uveal melanoma.

Liau, Sebastian / Wang, Janney Z / Zagarella, Ethan / Paulus, Paus / Dang, Nguyen Huong Que Hiep / Rawling, Tristan / Murray, Michael / Zhou, Fanfan

Biochimie

2023 Volume 212, Page(s) 114–122

Abstract: Uveal melanoma (UM) is the primary ocular cancer with upto 50% of patients dying from metastasis. Although rare, it is deadly as patients with metastatic UM seldom survive beyond 18 months after diagnosis. Chemotherapeutics have no proven efficacy, ... ...

Abstract	Uveal melanoma (UM) is the primary ocular cancer with upto 50% of patients dying from metastasis. Although rare, it is deadly as patients with metastatic UM seldom survive beyond 18 months after diagnosis. Chemotherapeutics have no proven efficacy, including immunotherapies that have been tried as current treatment options but produce marginal improvement in overall survival for UM patients. While therapeutics are low in efficacy, there is an urgent need to explore novel targets in the treatment of UM. This review provides an update on the contribution of inflammation to UM with a focus on exploring potential therapeutic targets related to the inflammatory tumour microenvironment. As a tumour promoting event, inflammation is one of the hallmarks of cancers. The presence of the inflammatory phenotype characterised by the abundance of immune mediators and proinflammatory cytokines surrounding UM tumours, is a potential area to explore novel therapeutic targets. Despite decades of investigation regarding the role UM tumour microenvironment has played, that of inflammation in UM progression remains poorly understood. With advancement of technologies, an understanding of the prognosis of UM has been accelerated. Excitingly, novel therapeutic targets related to the inflammatory tumour microenvironment have been identified and relevant studies are underway in their preliminary phases, illustrating optimistic results.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Melanoma/therapy ; Uveal Neoplasms/therapy ; Uveal Neoplasms/genetics ; Prognosis ; Inflammation ; Tumor Microenvironment
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-25
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	120345-9
ISSN	1638-6183 ; 0300-9084
ISSN (online)	1638-6183
ISSN	0300-9084
DOI	10.1016/j.biochi.2023.04.013
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Article ; Online: Combined transversus abdominis plane and rectus sheath catheters for postoperative analgesia following major hepatopancreatobiliary surgery.

van Laarhoven, S / Janssen, B / Liau, S S

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England

2019 Volume 102, Issue 1, Page(s) 71–72

MeSH term(s)	Abdominal Muscles/surgery ; Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures/adverse effects ; Catheters ; Humans ; Pain Management/instrumentation ; Pain Management/methods ; Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control ; Pain, Postoperative/therapy ; Rectus Abdominis/surgery
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80044-2
ISSN	1478-7083 ; 0035-8843
ISSN (online)	1478-7083
ISSN	0035-8843
DOI	10.1308/rcsann.2019.0094
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Article ; Online: Biliary cooling during radiofrequency ablation of liver tumours close to central biliary tree: A systematic review and pooled analysis.

Feretis, M / Wang, Y / Zhang, B / Liau, S-S

European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology

2020 Volume 47, Issue 4, Page(s) 743–747

Abstract: Introduction: Biliary cooling during radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of liver tumour has been proposed as a protective measure for RFA-related biliary complications in cases whereby the RFA site is close to central biliary tree. This systematic review ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Biliary cooling during radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of liver tumour has been proposed as a protective measure for RFA-related biliary complications in cases whereby the RFA site is close to central biliary tree. This systematic review aims to assess the effect of biliary cooling during RFA on: 1) the development of biliary complications and 2) tumour recurrence rates at ablation site. Methodology: A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed/EMBASE databases using PRISMA methodology (2000-2019). The initial search yielded 75 reports which were potentially suitable for inclusion. Studies reporting at least one outcome of interest were considered to be suitable for inclusion. Conference abstracts, case reports and animal studies were excluded. Data was retrieved from each study on patient demographics, tumour characteristics, method of cooling, biliary complications, local tumour recurrence and duration of follow-up. Results: The final number of studies which met the inclusion criteria was 7, involving 100 patients. There were no randomized controlled trials identified after the literature search. The mean age of the patients included was 65 years. Biliary cooling was performed with the use of a nasobiliary tube in 4 out of 7 studies, via a choledochal incision in 2 out of 7 studies and through the cystic duct in a single study. The overall biliary stricture rate was 2% and the overall tumour recurrence rate at RFA treated site was 14.5%. Conclusion: Biliary complications appear to be low after biliary cooling during RFA close to central biliary tree. More evidence is required to assess the tumour recurrence rates.
MeSH term(s)	Bile Ducts/diagnostic imaging ; Bile Ducts/pathology ; Biliary Tract ; Constriction, Pathologic/diagnostic imaging ; Constriction, Pathologic/etiology ; Humans ; Hypothermia, Induced ; Liver Neoplasms/pathology ; Liver Neoplasms/therapy ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Radiofrequency Ablation/adverse effects
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	632519-1
ISSN	1532-2157 ; 0748-7983
ISSN (online)	1532-2157
ISSN	0748-7983
DOI	10.1016/j.ejso.2020.09.033
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Article ; Online: Preoperative diagnosis of intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct with endoscopic ultrasound.

Ramzi, J / Feretis, M / Hickman, K E / Martin, J L / Godfrey, E / Liau, S S

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England

2021 Volume 103, Issue 2, Page(s) e65–e68

Abstract: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the bile duct is a rare tumour only recently classified as a distinct pathological entity. These neoplasms, rarely encountered in clinical practice in the UK, are now considered to be important precursors for ... ...

Abstract	Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the bile duct is a rare tumour only recently classified as a distinct pathological entity. These neoplasms, rarely encountered in clinical practice in the UK, are now considered to be important precursors for the development of cholangiocarcinoma. We present a histologically confirmed case of intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct in a male patient and discuss the main radiographic manifestations of this rare condition across multiple imaging modalities, with an emphasis on the imaging features of endoscopic ultrasonography and its role in establishing the diagnosis.
MeSH term(s)	Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/diagnosis ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/pathology ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/surgery ; Adenocarcinoma, Papillary/diagnosis ; Adenocarcinoma, Papillary/pathology ; Adenocarcinoma, Papillary/surgery ; Aged ; Anatomic Variation ; Bile Duct Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Bile Duct Neoplasms/pathology ; Bile Duct Neoplasms/surgery ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic/abnormalities ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic/diagnostic imaging ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic/pathology ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic/surgery ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration ; Endosonography ; Hepatectomy/methods ; Humans ; Incidental Findings ; Male ; Preoperative Care/methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80044-2
ISSN	1478-7083 ; 0035-8843
ISSN (online)	1478-7083
ISSN	0035-8843
DOI	10.1308/rcsann.2020.7010
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Article ; Online: The FRAIL-NH Scale: Systematic Review of the Use, Validity and Adaptations for Frailty Screening in Nursing Homes.

Liau, S J / Lalic, S / Visvanathan, R / Dowd, L A / Bell, J S

The journal of nutrition, health & aging

2021 Volume 25, Issue 10, Page(s) 1205–1216

Abstract: Objectives: To investigate frailty prevalence, cross-sectional associations, predictive validity, concurrent validity, and cross-cultural adaptations of the FRAIL-NH scale.: Design: Systematic review.: Setting and participants: Frail residents ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To investigate frailty prevalence, cross-sectional associations, predictive validity, concurrent validity, and cross-cultural adaptations of the FRAIL-NH scale. Design: Systematic review. Setting and participants: Frail residents living in nursing homes. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library were searched from January 2015 to June 2021 for primary studies that used the FRAIL-NH scale, irrespective of study designs and publication language. Results: Overall, 40 studies conducted across 20 countries utilized the FRAIL-NH scale; majority in Australia (n=14), followed by China (n=6), United States (n=3), and Spain (n=3). The scale has been translated and back-translated into Brazilian Portuguese, Chinese, and Japanese. Various cut-offs have been used, with ≥2 and ≥6 being the most common cut-offs for frail and most frail, respectively. When defined using these cut-offs, frailty prevalence varied from 15.1-79.5% (frail) to 28.5-75.0% (most frail). FRAIL-NH predicted falls (n=2), hospitalization or length of stay (n=4), functional or cognitive decline (n=4), and mortality (n=9) over a median follow-up of 12 months. FRAIL-NH has been compared to 16 other scales, and was correlated with Fried's phenotype (FP), Frailty Index (FI), and FI-Lab. Four studies reported fair-to-moderate agreements between FRAIL-NH and FI, FP, and the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment. Ten studies assessed the sensitivity and specificity of different FRAIL-NH cut-offs, with ≥8 having the highest sensitivity (94.1%) and specificity (82.8%) for classifying residents as frail based on FI, while two studies reported an optimal cut-off of ≥2 based on FI and FP, respectively. Conclusion: In seven years, the FRAIL-NH scale has been applied in 20 countries and adapted into three languages. Despite being applied with a range of cut-offs, FRAIL-NH was associated with higher care needs and demonstrated good agreement with other well-established but more complex scales. FRAIL-NH was predictive of adverse outcomes across different settings, highlighting its value in guiding care for frail residents in nursing homes.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Frail Elderly ; Frailty/diagnosis ; Geriatric Assessment ; Humans ; Nursing Homes
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-09
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2081921-3
ISSN	1760-4788 ; 1279-7707
ISSN (online)	1760-4788
ISSN	1279-7707
DOI	10.1007/s12603-021-1694-3
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Article ; Online: Comprehensive classification of anatomical variants of the main biliary ducts.

Janssen, B V / van Laarhoven, S / Elshaer, M / Cai, H / Praseedom, R / Wang, T / Liau, S-S

The British journal of surgery

2021 Volume 108, Issue 5, Page(s) 458–462

MeSH term(s)	Bile Ducts/abnormalities ; Classification ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2985-3
ISSN	1365-2168 ; 0263-1202 ; 0007-1323 ; 1355-7688
ISSN (online)	1365-2168
ISSN	0263-1202 ; 0007-1323 ; 1355-7688
DOI	10.1093/bjs/znaa147
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Article: Early derangement of INR predicts liver failure after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Silva, A N S / Greensmith, M / Praseedom, R K / Jah, A / Huguet, E L / Harper, S J F / Liau, S S / Basu, B / Alexander, G J / Brais, R / See, T C / Hoare, M / Gibbs, P / Balakrishnan, A

The surgeon : journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland

2022 Volume 20, Issue 5, Page(s) e288–e295

Abstract: Background: Surgical resection, where appropriate, remains one of the best treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however outcomes can be compromised by the development of liver failure. We reviewed our experience of liver resection for ... ...

Abstract	Background: Surgical resection, where appropriate, remains one of the best treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however outcomes can be compromised by the development of liver failure. We reviewed our experience of liver resection for HCC patients to identify factors that may predict the development of post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) and survival. Methods: A single centre retrospective cohort study. Data was collected between 1999 and 2017 from all patients undergoing HCC resection in a tertiary university hospital from electronic medical records. PHLF was defined as per the International Study Group for Liver Surgery criteria. Variables with p < 0.15 on univariate analysis were included in a multivariate binary logistic regression model. Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to determine correlations with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), and variables with p < 0.15 on univariate analysis selected for a step-down Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results: Overall, 120 patients underwent liver resection within the study period, of which 22 (18%) developed PHLF. Patients with normal INR ≤1.20 at day 2 did not develop PHLF whereas patients with INR >1.60 were at significant risk. Resection of multiple tumours (odds ratio 21.63, p = 0.002) and deranged postoperative day 2 INR>1.6 (odds ratio 21.05, p < 0.0001) were identified as independent prognostic markers of PHLF. Conclusion: The use of INR measurement at day 2 predicts PHLF and may enable us to objectively identify and stratify patients who may be eligible for enhanced recovery programs from those who will merit close monitoring in high dependency areas.
MeSH term(s)	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Hepatectomy/adverse effects ; Humans ; International Normalized Ratio ; Liver Failure/etiology ; Liver Failure/surgery ; Liver Neoplasms ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology ; Postoperative Complications/etiology ; Postoperative Complications/surgery ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-07
Publishing country	Scotland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2102927-1
ISSN	1479-666X
ISSN	1479-666X
DOI	10.1016/j.surge.2022.01.002
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Article: Colorectal liver metastases: Current management and future perspectives.

Martin, Jack / Petrillo, Angelica / Smyth, Elizabeth C / Shaida, Nadeem / Khwaja, Samir / Cheow, H K / Duckworth, Adam / Heister, Paula / Praseedom, Raaj / Jah, Asif / Balakrishnan, Anita / Harper, Simon / Liau, Siong / Kosmoliaptsis, Vasilis / Huguet, Emmanuel

World journal of clinical oncology

2021 Volume 11, Issue 10, Page(s) 761–808

Abstract: The liver is the commonest site of metastatic disease for patients with colorectal cancer, with at least 25% developing colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) during the course of their illness. The management of CRLM has evolved into a complex field ... ...

Abstract	The liver is the commonest site of metastatic disease for patients with colorectal cancer, with at least 25% developing colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) during the course of their illness. The management of CRLM has evolved into a complex field requiring input from experienced members of a multi-disciplinary team involving radiology (cross sectional, nuclear medicine and interventional), Oncology, Liver surgery, Colorectal surgery, and Histopathology. Patient management is based on assessment of sophisticated clinical, radiological and biomarker information. Despite incomplete evidence in this very heterogeneous patient group, maximising resection of CRLM using all available techniques remains a key objective and provides the best chance of long-term survival and cure. To this end, liver resection is maximised by the use of downsizing chemotherapy, optimisation of liver remnant by portal vein embolization, associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy, and combining resection with ablation, in the context of improvements in the functional assessment of the future remnant liver. Liver resection may safely be carried out laparoscopically or open, and synchronously with, or before, colorectal surgery in selected patients. For unresectable patients, treatment options including systemic chemotherapy, targeted biological agents, intra-arterial infusion or bead delivered chemotherapy, tumour ablation, stereotactic radiotherapy, and selective internal radiotherapy contribute to improve survival and may convert initially unresectable patients to operability. Currently evolving areas include biomarker characterisation of tumours, the development of novel systemic agents targeting specific oncogenic pathways, and the potential re-emergence of radical surgical options such as liver transplantation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2587357-X
ISSN	2218-4333
ISSN	2218-4333
DOI	10.5306/wjco.v11.i10.761
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