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  1. Article ; Online: LDH is an adverse prognostic factor independent of ISS in transplant-eligible myeloma patients receiving bortezomib-based induction regimens.

    Chim, Chor Sang / Sim, Joycelyn / Tam, Sidney / Tse, Eric / Lie, Albert Kwok Wai / Kwong, Yok Lam

    European journal of haematology

    2015  Volume 94, Issue 4, Page(s) 330–335

    Abstract: Background: Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) has been an adverse prognostic factor for myeloma but does not feature in the International Staging System (ISS). We examined whether elevated serum LDH at diagnosis remains an adverse risk factor ... ...

    Abstract Background: Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) has been an adverse prognostic factor for myeloma but does not feature in the International Staging System (ISS). We examined whether elevated serum LDH at diagnosis remains an adverse risk factor independent of ISS for survivals transplant-eligible myeloma patients receiving early/frontline bortezomib-based induction, followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT).
    Patients: Seventy-seven transplant-eligible Chinese patients received three induction regimens [staged approach (N = 25), PAD (N = 19), VTD (N = 33)], followed by ASCT and thalidomide maintenance.
    Results: Five-year overall (OS) and event-free (EFS) survivals were 66.4% and 36.2%. There was no difference in demographics, complete remission/near complete remission (CR/nCR rates postinduction or ASCT, and survivals among patients induced by the three induction regimens. Elevated LDH was associated with male gender (P = 0.006), ISS III (P = 0.042) and serum β2-microglobulin (P = 0.040). Univariate analysis showed that elevated LDH, ISS III, high β2-microglobulin, and failure to attain CR/nCR post-ACST were risk factors adversely impacting both OS and EFS. Multivariate analysis showed that elevated LDH was the only factor impacting both OS (P = 0.007) and EFS (P = 0.008).
    Conclusion: In this uniformly treated cohort of transplant-eligible myeloma patients, elevated serum LDH is an adverse risk factor independent of ISS for both OS and EFS. Bortezomib-based induction/ASCT regimen had not abolished the adverse impact of elevated LDH.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Bortezomib/administration & dosage ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Lactate Dehydrogenases/blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma/blood ; Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy ; Multiple Myeloma/mortality ; Multiple Myeloma/pathology ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Remission Induction ; Survival Analysis ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Bortezomib (69G8BD63PP) ; Lactate Dehydrogenases (EC 1.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 392482-8
    ISSN 1600-0609 ; 0902-4441
    ISSN (online) 1600-0609
    ISSN 0902-4441
    DOI 10.1111/ejh.12434
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    Zs.A 323: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: Determinants of peripheral blood count value in long-term survivors of allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell transplantation.

    Koljonen, Paul A / Lie, Albert Kwok-wai / Liang, Raymond / Au, Wing-Yan

    Hematological oncology

    2009  Volume 27, Issue 2, Page(s) 98–101

    Abstract: Hemopoeitic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients are monitored by regular complete blood picture (CBP). The reference ranges for acceptable values are undefined. We analysed the CBP in 228 stable HSCT survivors (median follow-up 103 months, range 60- ... ...

    Abstract Hemopoeitic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients are monitored by regular complete blood picture (CBP). The reference ranges for acceptable values are undefined. We analysed the CBP in 228 stable HSCT survivors (median follow-up 103 months, range 60-212) without transplant-related medications and complications. Compared with donors, recipients had lower absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and platelet levels (Plt) and higher mean corpuscular volume (MCV), but comparable hemoglobin (Hb) and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC). There was significant donor-recipient correlation in all CBP parameters (Hb, ALC, ANC, MCV, Plt). Significant correlation was also found between levels of Hb, white cell and Plt among recipients. All counts were higher in patients with longer follow-up. Donor and recipient gender, age and underlying diagnosis can influence stable CBP values. We conclude that both host and marrow factors influence CBP values in stably engrafted recipients. 'Abnormal' CBP values deviating from that in normal populations may not have clinical significance.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Anemia, Aplastic/blood ; Anemia, Aplastic/surgery ; Blood Cell Count ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Graft Survival ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/statistics & numerical data ; Hemoglobins/analysis ; Humans ; Leukemia/blood ; Leukemia/surgery ; Lymphoma/blood ; Lymphoma/surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Survivors ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Hemoglobins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604884-5
    ISSN 1099-1069 ; 0278-0232
    ISSN (online) 1099-1069
    ISSN 0278-0232
    DOI 10.1002/hon.885
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  3. Article ; Online: Unsustained complete response of less than 24 months after autologous stem cell transplantation predicts aggressive myeloma with short survival.

    Chim, Chor Sang / Liu, Herman / Lie, Albert Kwok Wai / Chan, Eric Yuk Tat / Ho, Sandy / Wong, Michael / Kwong, Yok Lam

    Hematological oncology

    2014  Volume 32, Issue 4, Page(s) 205–211

    Abstract: Complete response (CR) predicts superior survivals in myeloma. To define the impact of duration of CR posttransplantation on survivals, 71 myeloma patients, who underwent an intended early (a staged approach) or frontline use of bortezomib-based ... ...

    Abstract Complete response (CR) predicts superior survivals in myeloma. To define the impact of duration of CR posttransplantation on survivals, 71 myeloma patients, who underwent an intended early (a staged approach) or frontline use of bortezomib-based induction, followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) were studied. Achievement of CR was assessed every 4-weekly until maximal response after ASCT and then 6-weekly thereafter. All patients had follow-up time of ≥24 months from time of best response, of whom 27 failed to attain CR (non-CR) whereas 44 achieved CR. At 12, 18 and 24 months post-ASCT, 3 (4.2%), 6 (8.4%) and 11 (15.4%) patients lost CR, respectively, with maximal survival difference observed in the group with CR durations of ≥24 or <24 months. Patients with unsustained CR had survival inferior to those never achieving CR (p = 0.05). Unsustained CR of <24 months was associated with international staging system stage III (p = 0.007) and shorter postrelapse survival (p < 0.001). Both overall survival and event-free survival were superior in myeloma patients with CR of ≥24 months (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, international staging system stage I/II, CR/nCR post-ASCT and CR duration of ≥24 months remained favourable prognostic factors for both overall survival and event-free survival. In conclusion, CR of <24 months is an independent adverse risk factor for survival with a short postrelapse survival.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Boronic Acids/administration & dosage ; Bortezomib ; Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/administration & dosage ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma/mortality ; Multiple Myeloma/therapy ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prognosis ; Pyrazines/administration & dosage ; Remission Induction ; Salvage Therapy ; Time Factors ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Boronic Acids ; Pyrazines ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (143011-72-7) ; Bortezomib (69G8BD63PP) ; Cyclophosphamide (8N3DW7272P)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604884-5
    ISSN 1099-1069 ; 0278-0232
    ISSN (online) 1099-1069
    ISSN 0278-0232
    DOI 10.1002/hon.2131
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  4. Article ; Online: Epstein syndrome presenting as renal failure in young patients.

    Yap, Desmond Yat Hin / Tse, Kai Chung / Chan, Tak Mao / Lie, Albert Kwok Wai

    Renal failure

    2009  Volume 31, Issue 7, Page(s) 582–585

    Abstract: Two young Chinese patients presented with renal failure and thrombocytopenia. Further investigations showed the presence of large platelets and high-frequency sensorineural hearing deficit. Genetic studies confirmed mutations in the gene encoding the ... ...

    Abstract Two young Chinese patients presented with renal failure and thrombocytopenia. Further investigations showed the presence of large platelets and high-frequency sensorineural hearing deficit. Genetic studies confirmed mutations in the gene encoding the myosin heavy chain (MYH-9), and Epstein Syndrome was diagnosed. One patient underwent deceased-donor kidney transplantation with satisfactory graft function. Epstein Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder with autosomal dominant inheritance. Clinicians should be aware of this entity when a young patient presents with renal failure and thrombocytopenia.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Audiometry ; Biopsy, Needle ; China ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/diagnosis ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/genetics ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kidney Transplantation/methods ; Male ; Myosin Heavy Chains/genetics ; Renal Insufficiency/diagnosis ; Renal Insufficiency/genetics ; Renal Insufficiency/surgery ; Risk Assessment ; Sampling Studies ; Syndrome ; Thrombocytopenia/diagnosis ; Thrombocytopenia/genetics ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Myosin Heavy Chains (EC 3.6.4.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-12-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632949-4
    ISSN 1525-6049 ; 0886-022X
    ISSN (online) 1525-6049
    ISSN 0886-022X
    DOI 10.1080/08860220903033708
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    Zs.A 1331: Show issues Location:
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  5. Article ; Online: Advances in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the Asia-Pacific region: the second report from APBMT 2005-2015.

    Iida, Minako / Kodera, Yoshihisa / Dodds, Anthony / Ho, Aloysius Yew Leng / Nivison-Smith, Ian / Akter, Mafruha Rumana / Wu, Tong / Lie, Albert Kwok Wai / Ghavamzadeh, Ardeshir / Kang, Hyoung Jin / Ong, Tee Chuan / Gyi, Aye Aye / Farzana, Tasneem / Baylon, Honorata / Gooneratne, Lallindra / Tang, Jih-Luh / Bunworasate, Udomsak / Huynh, Van Man / Srivastava, Alok /
    Okamoto, Shinichiro / Atsuta, Yoshiko

    Bone marrow transplantation

    2019  Volume 54, Issue 12, Page(s) 1973–1986

    Abstract: Between 2005 and 2015, 138,165 hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) were reported in 18 countries/regions in the Asia-Pacific region. In this report, we describe current trends in HSCT throughout the Asia-Pacific region and differences among ... ...

    Abstract Between 2005 and 2015, 138,165 hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) were reported in 18 countries/regions in the Asia-Pacific region. In this report, we describe current trends in HSCT throughout the Asia-Pacific region and differences among nations in this region and various global registries. Since 2008, more than 10,000 HSCTs have been recorded each year by the Asia-Pacific Blood and Marrow Transplantation Group Data Center. Between 2005 and 2015, the greatest increase in the number of HSCTs was observed in Vietnam. Allogeneic HSCT was performed more frequently than autologous HSCT, and a majority of cases involved related donors. Regarding allogeneic HSCT, the use of cord blood has remained steady, especially in Japan, and the number of cases involving related HLA non-identical donors has increased rapidly, particularly in China. The incidence of hemoglobinopathy, a main indication for allogeneic HSCT in India, China, Iran, and Pakistan, increased nearly six-fold over the last decade. Among the 18 participating countries/regions, the transplant rate per population varied widely according to the absolute number of HSCTs and the national/regional population size. We believe that this report will not only benefit the AP region but will also provide information about HSCT to other regions worldwide.
    MeSH term(s) Asia ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/methods ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplantation Conditioning/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 632854-4
    ISSN 1476-5365 ; 0268-3369 ; 0951-3078
    ISSN (online) 1476-5365
    ISSN 0268-3369 ; 0951-3078
    DOI 10.1038/s41409-019-0554-9
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    Zs.A 2168: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: Treatment outcome and prognostic factor analysis in transplant-eligible Chinese myeloma patients receiving bortezomib-based induction regimens including the staged approach, PAD or VTD.

    Chim, Chor Sang / Lie, Albert Kwok Wai / Chan, Eric Yuk Tat / Liu, Herman Sung Yu / Lau, Ching Wa / Yip, Sze Fai / Sim, Joycelyn / Wan, Thomas Shek-Kong / Ma, Edmond Shiu-Kwan / Liang, Raymond / Tse, Eric / Kwong, Yok-Lam

    Journal of hematology & oncology

    2012  Volume 5, Page(s) 28

    Abstract: Background: We have reported promising outcomes using a staged approach, in which bortezomib/thalidomide/dexamethasone was used only in 14 patients with suboptimal response to VAD (vincristine/adriamycin/dexamethasone) before autologous stem cell ... ...

    Abstract Background: We have reported promising outcomes using a staged approach, in which bortezomib/thalidomide/dexamethasone was used only in 14 patients with suboptimal response to VAD (vincristine/adriamycin/dexamethasone) before autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Here we compared the outcomes of the staged approach with frontline PAD (bortezomib/doxorubicin/dexamethasone) or VTD (bortezomib/thalidomide/dexamethasone) induction, and analysed prognostic factors for outcome.
    Patients and methods: Ninety-one transplant-eligible Chinese patients received three induction regimens prior to ASCT [staged approach (N = 25), PAD (N = 31), VTD (N = 35)]. and received thalidomide maintenance for 2 years post-ASCT.
    Results: 43 (47.3%) patients had International Staging System (ISS) III disease. By an intention-to-treat analysis, the overall CR/nCR rate were 37.4% post-induction, and 62.6% post-ASCT. Five-year overall (OS) and event-free (EFS) survivals were 66% and 45.1%. There was no difference of the post-induction CR/nCR rate, EFS or OS between patients induced by these three regimens. Moreover, ISS III disease did not affect CR/nCR rates. Multivariate analysis showed that ISS and post-ASCT CR/nCR impacted OS while ISS and post-induction CR/nCR impacted EFS.
    Conclusions: These three induction regimens produced comparable and favorable outcomes in myeloma. The unfavorable outcome of ISS stage III persisted despite upfront/early use of bortezomib. CR/nCR predicted favorable survivals.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Boronic Acids/administration & dosage ; Bortezomib ; Dexamethasone/administration & dosage ; Doxorubicin/administration & dosage ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; International Agencies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy ; Multiple Myeloma/mortality ; Multiple Myeloma/pathology ; Neoplasm Staging ; Pyrazines/administration & dosage ; Remission Induction ; Survival Rate ; Thalidomide/administration & dosage ; Treatment Outcome ; Vincristine/administration & dosage
    Chemical Substances Boronic Acids ; Pyrazines ; Thalidomide (4Z8R6ORS6L) ; Vincristine (5J49Q6B70F) ; Bortezomib (69G8BD63PP) ; Dexamethasone (7S5I7G3JQL) ; Doxorubicin (80168379AG)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-06-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2429631-4
    ISSN 1756-8722 ; 1756-8722
    ISSN (online) 1756-8722
    ISSN 1756-8722
    DOI 10.1186/1756-8722-5-28
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  7. Article ; Online: Triple combination of interferon beta-1b, lopinavir-ritonavir, and ribavirin in the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19: an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial.

    Hung, Ivan Fan-Ngai / Lung, Kwok-Cheung / Tso, Eugene Yuk-Keung / Liu, Raymond / Chung, Tom Wai-Hin / Chu, Man-Yee / Ng, Yuk-Yung / Lo, Jenny / Chan, Jacky / Tam, Anthony Raymond / Shum, Hoi-Ping / Chan, Veronica / Wu, Alan Ka-Lun / Sin, Kit-Man / Leung, Wai-Shing / Law, Wai-Lam / Lung, David Christopher / Sin, Simon / Yeung, Pauline /
    Yip, Cyril Chik-Yan / Zhang, Ricky Ruiqi / Fung, Agnes Yim-Fong / Yan, Erica Yuen-Wing / Leung, Kit-Hang / Ip, Jonathan Daniel / Chu, Allen Wing-Ho / Chan, Wan-Mui / Ng, Anthony Chin-Ki / Lee, Rodney / Fung, Kitty / Yeung, Alwin / Wu, Tak-Chiu / Chan, Johnny Wai-Man / Yan, Wing-Wah / Chan, Wai-Ming / Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo / Lie, Albert Kwok-Wai / Tsang, Owen Tak-Yin / Cheng, Vincent Chi-Chung / Que, Tak-Lun / Lau, Chak-Sing / Chan, Kwok-Hung / To, Kelvin Kai-Wang / Yuen, Kwok-Yung

    Lancet (London, England)

    2020  Volume 395, Issue 10238, Page(s) 1695–1704

    Abstract: Background: Effective antiviral therapy is important for tackling the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We assessed the efficacy and safety of combined interferon beta-1b, lopinavir-ritonavir, and ribavirin for treating patients with COVID- ... ...

    Abstract Background: Effective antiviral therapy is important for tackling the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We assessed the efficacy and safety of combined interferon beta-1b, lopinavir-ritonavir, and ribavirin for treating patients with COVID-19.
    Methods: This was a multicentre, prospective, open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial in adults with COVID-19 who were admitted to six hospitals in Hong Kong. Patients were randomly assigned (2:1) to a 14-day combination of lopinavir 400 mg and ritonavir 100 mg every 12 h, ribavirin 400 mg every 12 h, and three doses of 8 million international units of interferon beta-1b on alternate days (combination group) or to 14 days of lopinavir 400 mg and ritonavir 100 mg every 12 h (control group). The primary endpoint was the time to providing a nasopharyngeal swab negative for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RT-PCR, and was done in the intention-to-treat population. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04276688.
    Findings: Between Feb 10 and March 20, 2020, 127 patients were recruited; 86 were randomly assigned to the combination group and 41 were assigned to the control group. The median number of days from symptom onset to start of study treatment was 5 days (IQR 3-7). The combination group had a significantly shorter median time from start of study treatment to negative nasopharyngeal swab (7 days [IQR 5-11]) than the control group (12 days [8-15]; hazard ratio 4·37 [95% CI 1·86-10·24], p=0·0010). Adverse events included self-limited nausea and diarrhoea with no difference between the two groups. One patient in the control group discontinued lopinavir-ritonavir because of biochemical hepatitis. No patients died during the study.
    Interpretation: Early triple antiviral therapy was safe and superior to lopinavir-ritonavir alone in alleviating symptoms and shortening the duration of viral shedding and hospital stay in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19. Future clinical study of a double antiviral therapy with interferon beta-1b as a backbone is warranted.
    Funding: The Shaw-Foundation, Richard and Carol Yu, May Tam Mak Mei Yin, and Sanming Project of Medicine.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Betacoronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Hong Kong ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Interferon beta-1b/therapeutic use ; Lopinavir/therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy ; Ribavirin/therapeutic use ; Ritonavir/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Drug Combinations ; lopinavir-ritonavir drug combination ; Interferon beta-1b (145155-23-3) ; Lopinavir (2494G1JF75) ; Ribavirin (49717AWG6K) ; Ritonavir (O3J8G9O825)
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Clinical Trial, Phase II ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3306-6
    ISSN 1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    ISSN (online) 1474-547X
    ISSN 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31042-4
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  8. Article: Triple combination of interferon beta-1b, lopinavir-ritonavir, and ribavirin in the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19: an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial

    Hung, Ivan Fan-Ngai / Lung, Kwok-Cheung / Tso, Eugene Yuk-Keung / Liu, Raymond / Chung, Tom Wai-Hin / Chu, Man-Yee / Ng, Yuk-Yung / Lo, Jenny / Chan, Jacky / Tam, Anthony Raymond / Shum, Hoi-Ping / Chan, Veronica / Wu, Alan Ka-Lun / Sin, Kit-Man / Leung, Wai-Shing / Law, Wai-Lam / Lung, David Christopher / Sin, Simon / Yeung, Pauline /
    Yip, Cyril Chik-Yan / Zhang, Ricky Ruiqi / Fung, Agnes Yim-Fong / Yan, Erica Yuen-Wing / Leung, Kit-Hang / Ip, Jonathan Daniel / Chu, Allen Wing-Ho / Chan, Wan-Mui / Ng, Anthony Chin-Ki / Lee, Rodney / Fung, Kitty / Yeung, Alwin / Wu, Tak-Chiu / Chan, Johnny Wai-Man / Yan, Wing-Wah / Chan, Wai-Ming / Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo / Lie, Albert Kwok-Wai / Tsang, Owen Tak-Yin / Cheng, Vincent Chi-Chung / Que, Tak-Lun / Lau, Chak-Sing / Chan, Kwok-Hung / To, Kelvin Kai-Wang / Yuen, Kwok-Yung

    Lancet

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Effective antiviral therapy is important for tackling the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We assessed the efficacy and safety of combined interferon beta-1b, lopinavir-ritonavir, and ribavirin for treating patients with COVID-19. ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Effective antiviral therapy is important for tackling the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We assessed the efficacy and safety of combined interferon beta-1b, lopinavir-ritonavir, and ribavirin for treating patients with COVID-19. METHODS: This was a multicentre, prospective, open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial in adults with COVID-19 who were admitted to six hospitals in Hong Kong. Patients were randomly assigned (2:1) to a 14-day combination of lopinavir 400 mg and ritonavir 100 mg every 12 h, ribavirin 400 mg every 12 h, and three doses of 8 million international units of interferon beta-1b on alternate days (combination group) or to 14 days of lopinavir 400 mg and ritonavir 100 mg every 12 h (control group). The primary endpoint was the time to providing a nasopharyngeal swab negative for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RT-PCR, and was done in the intention-to-treat population. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04276688. FINDINGS: Between Feb 10 and March 20, 2020, 127 patients were recruited; 86 were randomly assigned to the combination group and 41 were assigned to the control group. The median number of days from symptom onset to start of study treatment was 5 days (IQR 3-7). The combination group had a significantly shorter median time from start of study treatment to negative nasopharyngeal swab (7 days [IQR 5-11]) than the control group (12 days [8-15]; hazard ratio 4·37 [95% CI 1·86-10·24], p=0·0010). Adverse events included self-limited nausea and diarrhoea with no difference between the two groups. One patient in the control group discontinued lopinavir-ritonavir because of biochemical hepatitis. No patients died during the study. INTERPRETATION: Early triple antiviral therapy was safe and superior to lopinavir-ritonavir alone in alleviating symptoms and shortening the duration of viral shedding and hospital stay in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19. Future clinical study of a double antiviral therapy with interferon beta-1b as a backbone is warranted. FUNDING: The Shaw-Foundation, Richard and Carol Yu, May Tam Mak Mei Yin, and Sanming Project of Medicine.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #232479
    Database COVID19

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  9. Article ; Online: Triple combination of interferon beta-1b, lopinavir–ritonavir, and ribavirin in the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19

    Hung, Ivan Fan-Ngai / Lung, Kwok-Cheung / Tso, Eugene Yuk-Keung / Liu, Raymond / Chung, Tom Wai-Hin / Chu, Man-Yee / Ng, Yuk-Yung / Lo, Jenny / Chan, Jacky / Tam, Anthony Raymond / Shum, Hoi-Ping / Chan, Veronica / Wu, Alan Ka-Lun / Sin, Kit-Man / Leung, Wai-Shing / Law, Wai-Lam / Lung, David Christopher / Sin, Simon / Yeung, Pauline /
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    The Lancet

    an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial

    2020  Volume 395, Issue 10238, Page(s) 1695–1704

    Keywords General Medicine ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 3306-6
    ISSN 1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    ISSN (online) 1474-547X
    ISSN 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    DOI 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31042-4
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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