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Article ; Online: Saved by the collaterals.

Lilly, Michael P

2021 Volume 74, Issue 1, Page(s) 334

MeSH term(s)	Collateral Circulation ; Coronary Circulation ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	605700-7
ISSN	1097-6809 ; 0741-5214
ISSN (online)	1097-6809
ISSN	0741-5214
DOI	10.1016/j.jvs.2021.01.033
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Book ; Online: Cryogenic platform to investigate strong microwave cavity-spin coupling in correlated magnetic materials

Jones, Aulden K. / Mourigal, Martin / Mounce, Andrew M. / Lilly, Michael P.

2023

Abstract: We present a comprehensive exploration of loop-gap resonators (LGRs) for electron spin resonance (ESR) studies, enabling investigations into the hybridization of solid-state magnetic materials with microwave polariton modes. The experimental setup, ... ...

Abstract	We present a comprehensive exploration of loop-gap resonators (LGRs) for electron spin resonance (ESR) studies, enabling investigations into the hybridization of solid-state magnetic materials with microwave polariton modes. The experimental setup, implemented in a Physical Property Measurement System by Quantum Design, allows for ESR spectra at temperatures as low as 2 Kelvin. The versatility of continuous wave ESR spectroscopy is demonstrated through experiments on CuSO4.5H2O and MgCr2O4, showcasing the g-tensor and magnetic susceptibilities of these materials. The study delves into the challenges of fitting spectra under strong hybridization conditions and underscores the significance of proper calibration and stabilization. The detailed guide provided serves as a valuable resource for laboratories interested in exploring hybrid quantum systems through microwave resonators. Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures
Keywords	Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons ; Condensed Matter - Materials Science ; Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Subject code	530
Publishing date	2023-12-07
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Invited commentary.

Lilly, Michael P

Journal of vascular surgery

2010 Volume 52, Issue 3, Page(s) 548

MeSH term(s)	Age Factors ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/diagnosis ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/epidemiology ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/etiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/complications ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Diet/adverse effects ; Ethnic Groups ; Exercise ; Humans ; Life Style ; Mass Screening ; Obesity/complications ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Pedigree ; Prevalence ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Smoking/adverse effects ; Smoking/epidemiology ; Time Factors ; United States/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comment ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605700-7
ISSN	1097-6809 ; 0741-5214
ISSN (online)	1097-6809
ISSN	0741-5214
DOI	10.1016/j.jvs.2010.05.091
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Article: Focused ion beam deposited carbon-platinum nanowires for cryogenic resistive thermometry

Blagg, Kirsten / Allen, Portia / Lu, Tzu-Ming / Lilly, Michael P / Singh, Meenakshi

Elsevier Ltd Carbon. 2020 Nov., v. 169

2020

Abstract: The study of thermal effects, both classical and quantum, at cryogenic temperatures requires the use of on-chip, local, high-sensitivity thermometry. Carbon-platinum composites fabricated using focused ion beam (FIB) assisted deposition form a granular ... ...

Abstract	The study of thermal effects, both classical and quantum, at cryogenic temperatures requires the use of on-chip, local, high-sensitivity thermometry. Carbon-platinum composites fabricated using focused ion beam (FIB) assisted deposition form a granular structure which is shown in this study to be uniquely suited for this application. Carbon-platinum thermometers deposited using a 24 pA ion beam current have high sensitivities below 1 K, comparable to the best cryogenic thermometers. In addition, these thermometers can be accurately placed to within 10s of nanometers on the chip using a mask-free process. They also have a weak magnetic field dependence, < 3% change in resistance with applied magnetic fields from 0 to 8 T. Finally, these thermometers are integrable into a variety of nanoscale devices due to the existing wide spread use of FIB.
Keywords	carbon ; magnetic fields ; nanowires
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-11
Size	p. 482-487.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ISSN	0008-6223
DOI	10.1016/j.carbon.2020.06.087
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Book ; Online: Fabrication of thin diamond membranes by Ne$^+$ implantation

Basso, Luca / Titze, Michael / Henshaw, Jacob / Kehayias, Pauli / Cong, Rong / Ziabari, Maziar Saleh / Lu, Tzu-Ming / Lilly, Michael P. / Mounce, Andrew M.

2023

Abstract: Color centers in diamond are one of the most promising tools for quantum information science. Of particular interest is the use of single-crystal diamond membranes with nanoscale-thickness as hosts for color centers. Indeed, such structures guarantee a ... ...

Abstract	Color centers in diamond are one of the most promising tools for quantum information science. Of particular interest is the use of single-crystal diamond membranes with nanoscale-thickness as hosts for color centers. Indeed, such structures guarantee a better integration with a variety of other quantum materials or devices, which can aid the development of diamond-based quantum technologies, from nanophotonics to quantum sensing. A common approach for membrane production is what is known as "smart-cut", a process where membranes are exfoliated from a diamond substrate after the creation of a thin sub-surface amorphous carbon layer by He$^+$ implantation. Due to the high ion fluence required, this process can be time-consuming. In this work, we demonstrated the production of thin diamond membranes by neon implantation of diamond substrates. With the target of obtaining membranes of $\sim$ 200 nm thickness and finding the critical damage threshold, we implanted different diamonds with 300 keV Ne$^+$ ions at different fluences. We characterized the structural properties of the implanted diamonds and the resulting membranes through SEM, Raman spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. We also found that a SRIM model based on a two-layer diamond/sp$^2$-carbon target better describes ion implantation, allowing us to estimate the diamond critical damage threshold for Ne$^+$ implantation. Compared to He$^+$ smart-cut, the use of a heavier ion like Ne$^+$ results in a ten-fold decrease in the ion fluence required to obtain diamond membranes and allows to obtain shallower smart-cuts, i.e. thinner membranes, at the same ion energy.
Keywords	Physics - Applied Physics ; Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Subject code	600
Publishing date	2023-05-30
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Electric current paths in a Si:P delta-doped device imaged by nitrogen-vacancy diamond magnetic microscopy.

Basso, Luca / Kehayias, Pauli / Henshaw, Jacob / Saleh Ziabari, Maziar / Byeon, Heejun / Lilly, Michael P / Bussmann, Ezra / Campbell, Deanna M / Misra, Shashank / Mounce, Andrew M

Nanotechnology

2022 Volume 34, Issue 1

Abstract: The recently-developed ability to control phosphorous-doping of silicon at an atomic level using scanning tunneling microscopy, a technique known as atomic precision advanced manufacturing (APAM), has allowed us to tailor electronic devices with atomic ... ...

Abstract	The recently-developed ability to control phosphorous-doping of silicon at an atomic level using scanning tunneling microscopy, a technique known as atomic precision advanced manufacturing (APAM), has allowed us to tailor electronic devices with atomic precision, and thus has emerged as a way to explore new possibilities in Si electronics. In these applications, critical questions include where current flow is actually occurring in or near APAM structures as well as whether leakage currents are present. In general, detection and mapping of current flow in APAM structures are valuable diagnostic tools to obtain reliable devices in digital-enhanced applications. In this paper, we used nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond for wide-field magnetic imaging (with a few-mm field of view and micron-scale resolution) of magnetic fields from surface currents flowing in an APAM test device made of a P delta-doped layer on a Si substrate, a standard APAM witness material. We integrated a diamond having a surface NV ensemble with the device (patterned in two parallel mm-sized ribbons), then mapped the magnetic field from the DC current injected in the APAM device in a home-built NV wide-field microscope. The 2D magnetic field maps were used to reconstruct the surface current densities, allowing us to obtain information on current paths, device failures such as choke points where current flow is impeded, and current leakages outside the APAM-defined P-doped regions. Analysis on the current density reconstructed map showed a projected sensitivity of ∼0.03 A m
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1362365-5
ISSN	1361-6528 ; 0957-4484
ISSN (online)	1361-6528
ISSN	0957-4484
DOI	10.1088/1361-6528/ac95a0
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Article ; Online: Variation in Ultrasound Diagnostic Thresholds for Carotid Stenosis in the United States.

Columbo, Jesse A / Zwolak, Robert M / Arous, Edward J / Goodney, Philip P / Lilly, Michael P / Welch, H Gilbert

Circulation

2020 Volume 141, Issue 12, Page(s) 946–953

Abstract: Background: Individuals with carotid stenosis enter surveillance or are considered for surgery on the basis of disease severity assessed by ultrasound. However, there is variation in the ultrasound diagnostic thresholds used to determine disease ... ...

Abstract	Background: Individuals with carotid stenosis enter surveillance or are considered for surgery on the basis of disease severity assessed by ultrasound. However, there is variation in the ultrasound diagnostic thresholds used to determine disease severity. Our objective was to describe this variation and its potential impact on patients. Methods: To describe the variation in carotid ultrasound diagnostic thresholds, we examined testing protocols from 338 accredited vascular testing centers in the United States. To determine the potential impact of this variation, we applied the range of thresholds to carotid ultrasound parameters from 2 groups: a population-based sample ≥65 years of age in the Cardiovascular Health Study (n=4791), and a cohort of patients who underwent surgery for asymptomatic carotid stenosis in the Vascular Quality Initiative registry (n=28 483). Results: Internal carotid artery peak systolic velocity was used by all centers to assess disease severity, with 60 distinct thresholds in use. The peak systolic velocity threshold for moderate (≥50%) stenosis ranged from 110 to 245 cm/s (median, 125; 5th and 95th percentile, 125 and 150), and the threshold for severe (≥70%) stenosis ranged from 175 to 340 cm/s (median, 230; 5th and 95th percentile, 230 and 275). In the population-based sample, the 5th percentile threshold would assign a diagnosis of moderate carotid stenosis to twice as many individuals as the 95th percentile threshold (7.9% versus 3.9%; relative risk, 2.01 [CI, 1.70-2.38]). In the surgical cohort, 1 in 10 (9.8%) patients had peak systolic velocity values that warranted the diagnosis of severe carotid stenosis at centers in the 5th percentile, but not in the 95th. Conclusions: The diagnostic threshold for carotid stenosis varies considerably. Whether or not a person is said to have moderate stenosis and enters surveillance, and whether or not they have severe stenosis and are candidates for surgery, can depend on which center performs their ultrasound.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Carotid Stenosis/diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Ultrasonography/methods ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80099-5
ISSN	1524-4539 ; 0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
ISSN (online)	1524-4539
ISSN	0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
DOI	10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.043963
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Book ; Online: A fitting algorithm for optimizing ion implantation energies and doses

Kehayias, Pauli / Henshaw, Jacob / Ziabari, Maziar Saleh / Titze, Michael / Bielejec, Edward / Lilly, Michael P. / Mounce, Andrew M.

2021

Abstract: We describe a method to automatically generate an ion implantation recipe, a set of energies and doses, to produce a desired defect density profile in a solid using the fewest required energies. We simulate defect density profiles for a range of ion ... ...

Abstract	We describe a method to automatically generate an ion implantation recipe, a set of energies and doses, to produce a desired defect density profile in a solid using the fewest required energies. We simulate defect density profiles for a range of ion energies, fit them with an appropriate function, and interpolate to yield defect density profiles at arbitrary ion energies. Given $N$ energies, we then optimize a set of $N$ energy-dose pairs to match a given target defect density profile. Finally, we find the minimum $N$ such that the error between the target defect density profile and the defect density profile generated by the $N$ energy-dose pairs is less than a given threshold. Inspired by quantum sensing applications with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond, we apply our technique to calculate optimal ion implantation recipes to create uniform-density 1 $\mu$m surface layers of $^{15}$N or vacancies (using $^4$He). Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures
Keywords	Condensed Matter - Materials Science ; Physics - Accelerator Physics
Subject code	541
Publishing date	2021-03-03
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Current Paths in an Atomic Precision Advanced Manufactured Device Imaged by Nitrogen-Vacancy Diamond Magnetic Microscopy

Basso, Luca / Kehayias, Pauli / Henshaw, Jacob / Ziabari, Maziar Saleh / Byeon, Heejun / Lilly, Michael P. / Bussmann, Ezra / Campbell, Deanna M. / Misra, Shashank / Mounce, Andrew M.

2022

Abstract: The recently-developed ability to control phosphorous-doping of silicon at an atomic level using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), a technique known as atomic-precision-advanced-manufacturing (APAM), has allowed us to tailor electronic devices with ... ...

Abstract	The recently-developed ability to control phosphorous-doping of silicon at an atomic level using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), a technique known as atomic-precision-advanced-manufacturing (APAM), has allowed us to tailor electronic devices with atomic precision, and thus has emerged as a way to explore new possibilities in Si electronics. In these applications, critical questions include where current flow is actually occurring in or near APAM structures as well as whether leakage currents are present. In general, detection and mapping of current flow in APAM structures are valuable diagnostic tools to obtain reliable devices in digital-enhanced applications. In this paper, we performed nitrogen-vacancy (NV) wide-field magnetic imaging of stray magnetic fields from surface current densities flowing in an APAM test device over a mm-field of view with {\mu}m-resolution. To do this, we integrated a diamond having a surface NV ensemble with the device (patterned in two parallel mm-sized ribbons), then mapped the magnetic field from the DC current injected in the APAM device in a home-built NV wide-field microscope. The 2D magnetic field maps were used to reconstruct the surface current density, allowing us to obtain information on current paths, device failures such as choke points where current flow is impeded, and current leakages outside the APAM-defined P-doped regions. Analysis on the current density reconstructed map showed a projected sensitivity of ~0.03 A/m, corresponding to a smallest detectable current in the 200 {\mu}m-wide APAM ribbon of ~6 {\mu}A. These results demonstrate the failure analysis capability of NV wide-field magnetometry for APAM materials, opening the possibility to investigate other cutting-edge microelectronic devices.
Keywords	Physics - Applied Physics ; Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ; Quantum Physics
Subject code	621 ; 530
Publishing date	2022-07-28
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Optimization of duplex velocity criteria for diagnosis of internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis: A report of the Intersocietal Accreditation Commission (IAC) Vascular Testing Division Carotid Diagnostic Criteria Committee.

Gornik, Heather L / Rundek, Tatjana / Gardener, Hannah / Benenati, James F / Dahiya, Nirvikar / Hamburg, Naomi M / Kupinski, Ann Marie / Leers, Steven A / Lilly, Michael P / Lohr, Joann M / Pellerito, John S / Rholl, Kenneth S / Vickery, Melissa A / Hutchisson, Marge S / Needleman, Laurence

Vascular medicine (London, England)

2021 Volume 26, Issue 5, Page(s) 515–525

Abstract: Diagnostic criteria to classify severity of internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis vary across vascular laboratories. Consensus-based criteria, proposed by the Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound in 2003 (SRUCC), have been broadly implemented but have ... ...

Abstract	Diagnostic criteria to classify severity of internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis vary across vascular laboratories. Consensus-based criteria, proposed by the Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound in 2003 (SRUCC), have been broadly implemented but have not been adequately validated. We conducted a multicentered, retrospective correlative imaging study of duplex ultrasound versus catheter angiography for evaluation of severity of ICA stenosis. Velocity data were abstracted from bilateral duplex studies performed between 1/1/2009 and 12/31/2015 and studies were interpreted using SRUCC. Percentage ICA stenosis was determined using North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) methodology. Receiver operating characteristic analysis evaluated the performance of SRUCC parameters compared with angiography. Of 448 ICA sides (from 224 patients), 299 ICA sides (from 167 patients) were included. Agreement between duplex ultrasound and angiography was moderate (κ = 0.42), with overestimation of degree of stenosis for both moderate (50-69%) and severe (⩾ 70%) ICA lesions. The primary SRUCC parameter for ⩾ 50% ICA stenosis of peak-systolic velocity (PSV) of ⩾ 125 cm/sec did not meet prespecified thresholds for adequate sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy (sensitivity 97.8%, specificity 64.2%, accuracy 74.5%). Test performance was improved by raising the PSV threshold to ⩾ 180 cm/sec (sensitivity 93.3%, specificity 81.6%, accuracy 85.2%) or by adding the additional parameter of ICA/common carotid artery (CCA) PSV ratio ⩾ 2.0 (sensitivity 94.3%, specificity 84.3%, accuracy 87.4%). For ⩾ 70% ICA stenosis, analysis was limited by a low number of cases with angiographically severe disease. Interpretation of carotid duplex examinations using SRUCC resulted in significant overestimation of severity of ICA stenosis when compared with angiography; raising the PSV threshold for ⩾ 50% ICA stenosis to ⩾ 180 cm/sec as a single parameter or requiring the ICA/CCA PSV ratio ⩾ 2.0 in addition to PSV of ⩾ 125 cm/sec for laboratories using the SRUCC is recommended to improve the accuracy of carotid duplex examinations.
MeSH term(s)	Accreditation ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Carotid Artery, Internal/diagnostic imaging ; Carotid Stenosis/diagnostic imaging ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Humans ; Predictive Value of Tests ; ROC Curve ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1311628-9
ISSN	1477-0377 ; 1358-863X
ISSN (online)	1477-0377
ISSN	1358-863X
DOI	10.1177/1358863X211011253
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