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  1. Article ; Online: Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nicotine, and associations with sperm DNA fragmentation.

    Axelsson, Jonatan / Lindh, Christian H / Giwercman, Aleksander

    Andrology

    2022  Volume 10, Issue 4, Page(s) 740–748

    Abstract: Background: Tobacco smoking has been reported to cause DNA fragmentation and has been suggested to cause mutations in spermatozoa. These effects have been ascribed to the action of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) present in the smoke. ... ...

    Abstract Background: Tobacco smoking has been reported to cause DNA fragmentation and has been suggested to cause mutations in spermatozoa. These effects have been ascribed to the action of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) present in the smoke. Simultaneously, DNA fragmentation has been associated with mutagenesis.
    Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether levels of urinary biomarkers of PAH and nicotine exposure were associated with sperm DNA fragmentation.
    Methods: In the urine of 381 men recruited from two cohorts of young men (17-21 years old) from the general Swedish population, the PAH metabolites 1-hydroxypyrene and 2-hydroxyphenanthrene, as well as the nicotine metabolite cotinine, were measured. The sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) was analysed using the sperm chromatin structure assay. Associations between the DFI, and PAH metabolite levels as continuous variables as well as in quartiles, were studied by general linear models adjusted for abstinence time. A similar analysis was carried out for cotinine levels, according to which the men were categorised as "non-smoking" (n = 216) and "smoking" (n = 165).
    Results: No association was found between levels of any of the three biomarkers and DFI, either as a continuous variable (p = 0.87-0.99), or when comparing the lowest and the highest quartiles (p = 0.11-0.61). The same was true for comparison of men categorised as non-smoking or smoking (DFI 11.1% vs. 11.8%, p = 0.31).
    Discussion: We found no evidence of PAH or nicotine exposure to be associated with DFI, which does not exclude that these exposures may have other effects on sperm DNA.
    Conclusion: In these young men, levels of biomarkers of nicotine and PAH exposure were not associated with DFI.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Biomarkers/urine ; Cotinine/urine ; DNA Fragmentation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nicotine/adverse effects ; Nicotine/urine ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/metabolism ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/toxicity ; Spermatozoa/metabolism ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; Nicotine (6M3C89ZY6R) ; Cotinine (K5161X06LL)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2696108-8
    ISSN 2047-2927 ; 2047-2919
    ISSN (online) 2047-2927
    ISSN 2047-2919
    DOI 10.1111/andr.13170
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Book ; Thesis: Metabolism and biological monitoring of organic acid anhydrides

    Lindh, Christian H.

    1998  

    Author's details Christian H. Lindh
    Language English
    Size Getr. Zählung : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Publishing country Sweden
    Document type Book ; Thesis
    Thesis / German Habilitation thesis Lund, Univ., Diss., 1998
    Note Zsfassung in schwed. Sprache
    HBZ-ID HT008287026
    ISBN 91-628-2910-6 ; 978-91-628-2910-0
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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  3. Article ; Online: Decreased sperm counts in Swedish users of oral tobacco.

    Kimblad, Agnes / Ollvik, Gustav / Lindh, Christian H / Axelsson, Jonatan

    Andrology

    2022  Volume 10, Issue 6, Page(s) 1181–1188

    Abstract: Background: Smoke-free tobacco via moist oral snuff (snus) is used daily in more than 20% of Swedish men. Negative effects of cigarette smoking on sperm parameters are well documented, unlike for snuff, despite relevance also for other smoke-free ... ...

    Abstract Background: Smoke-free tobacco via moist oral snuff (snus) is used daily in more than 20% of Swedish men. Negative effects of cigarette smoking on sperm parameters are well documented, unlike for snuff, despite relevance also for other smoke-free nicotine products.
    Objectives: We wanted to investigate whether reproductive parameters differed between users and non-users of snuff, and whether the amount of snuff and nicotine exposure mattered.
    Materials and methods: Men (n = 613) from the general population, recruited 2000-2010, were physically examined, answered questions on smoking and snuff use, and delivered urine, blood and semen samples. Sperm concentration, total sperm count, semen volume, percent morphologically normal and progressively motile sperm, and DNA fragmentation index (by the Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay) and reproductive hormones were analysed. Nicotine exposure was measured through urinary levels of cotinine. We used general linear models, with adjustments including cigarette smoking, and for semen parameters also abstinence time.
    Results: After adjustments, total sperm count was 24% lower (P = 0.03) and testosterone 14% higher (P < 0.001) in 109 users of snuff than in non-users, whereas cotinine was positively associated with testosterone and oestradiol (P < 0.001). Numbers of boxes of snuff used per week were associated with testosterone and FSH (P < 0.001).
    Discussion: Applied to the general population, the consumption of smoke-free tobacco by the use of snuff was associated with a lower sperm count and a higher testosterone, for which the extent seemed to play a role.
    Conclusions: Independent of smoking, consumption of snuff was associated with lower total sperm count and different hormone levels. Applying these results to a reported association between sperm count and the chance of pregnancy, men who used snuff would have about a 10% lower chance of fathering a child.
    MeSH term(s) Cotinine/urine ; Humans ; Male ; Sperm Count/statistics & numerical data ; Sweden ; Testosterone ; Tobacco, Smokeless/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances Testosterone (3XMK78S47O) ; Cotinine (K5161X06LL)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2696108-8
    ISSN 2047-2927 ; 2047-2919
    ISSN (online) 2047-2927
    ISSN 2047-2919
    DOI 10.1111/andr.13198
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Maternal serum vitamin D level in early pregnancy and risk for preeclampsia: A case-control study in Southern Sweden.

    Malm, Gunilla / Lindh, Christian H / Hansson, Stefan R / Källén, Karin / Malm, Johan / Rylander, Lars

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 2, Page(s) e0281234

    Abstract: Background: Preeclampsia is considered a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present case-control study in Sweden was to assess the hypothesized association between low serum vitamin D concentrations in early ... ...

    Abstract Background: Preeclampsia is considered a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present case-control study in Sweden was to assess the hypothesized association between low serum vitamin D concentrations in early pregnancy and the risk of developing preeclampsia since vitamin D may play a role in early placental development.
    Methods: The study included 296 women diagnosed with preeclampsia (cases) and 580 healthy pregnant women (controls). Serum samples were obtained from a biobank of samples collected in early pregnancy including almost all pregnancies in Southern Sweden. Concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (vitamin D) were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem-mass-spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The cases were divided into two categories: i) infants were born before gestational week 34 (early onset) and/or born small-for-gestational age (SGA)(n = 51), ii) and others defined as late onset (n = 245). Vitamin D concentrations were analyzed both as a continuous and a categorized variable.
    Results: When all preeclampsia cases were included in the analyses no consistent patterns were observed. However, the median serum concentrations of vitamin D were significantly lower among the cases who were early onset and/or were born SGA (median 39.2 nmol/L, range 1.2-93.6) as compared to the controls (49.0 nmol/L, 0.1-219; p = 0.01). In addition, high concentrations were statistically significantly associated with a decreased risk of preeclampsia (>66.9 vs ≤30.1 nmol/L; crude OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.16-0.96). When potential confounders were included in the models the associations were even more pronounced.
    Conclusions: Our results support the hypothesis that vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for preeclampsia, but only in preeclampsia cases who were early-onset and/or were born SGA. Preeclampsia is not a homogenous condition and more studies are needed before vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy can be recommended.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Case-Control Studies ; Sweden ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Placenta ; Vitamin D ; Vitamin D Deficiency ; Vitamins ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Parturition
    Chemical Substances Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; Vitamins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0281234
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  5. Article ; Online: Association of pesticide exposure with neurobehavioral outcomes among avocado farmworkers in Mexico.

    Rosa, Maria José / Armendáriz-Arnez, Cynthia / Gudayol-Ferré, Esteve / Prehn, Manuela / Fuhrimann, Samuel / Eskenazi, Brenda / Lindh, Christian H / Mora, Ana M

    International journal of hygiene and environmental health

    2024  Volume 256, Page(s) 114322

    Abstract: Background and aim: To date, few studies have focused on the health effects of pesticide exposure among avocado farmworkers. We examined the association of exposure to insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides with cognitive and mental health outcomes ... ...

    Abstract Background and aim: To date, few studies have focused on the health effects of pesticide exposure among avocado farmworkers. We examined the association of exposure to insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides with cognitive and mental health outcomes among these avocado workers from Michoacan, Mexico.
    Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 105 avocado farmworkers between May and August 2021. We collected data on self-reported pesticide use during the 12 months prior to the baseline survey and estimated annual exposure-intensity scores (EIS) using a semi-quantitative exposure algorithm. We calculated specific gravity adjusted average concentrations of 12 insecticide, fungicide, or herbicide metabolites measured in urine samples collected during two study visits (8-10 weeks apart). We assessed participants' cognitive function and psychological distress using the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery and the Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI-18), respectively. We examined individual associations of EIS and urinary pesticide metabolites with neurobehavioral outcomes using generalized linear regression models. We also implemented Bayesian Weighted Quantile Sum (BWQS) regression to evaluate the association between a pesticide metabolite mixture and neurobehavioral outcomes.
    Results: In individual models, after adjusting for multiple comparisons, higher concentrations of hydroxy-tebuconazole (OH-TEB, metabolite of fungicide tebuconazole) were associated with higher anxiety (IRR per two-fold increase in concentrations = 1.26, 95% CI:1.08, 1.48) and Global Severity Index (GSI) (IRR = 1.89, 95% CI:1.36, 2.75) scores, whereas higher concentrations of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy, metabolite of chlorpyrifos) were associated with lower GSI scores (IRR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.85). In BWQS analyses, we found evidence of a mixture association of urinary pesticide metabolites with higher anxiety (IRR = 1.72, 95% CrI: 1.12, 2.55), depression (IRR = 4.60, 95% CrI: 2.19, 9.43), and GSI (IRR = 1.99, 95% CrI: 1.39, 2.79) scores. OH-TEB and hydroxy-thiabendazole (metabolite of fungicide thiabendazole) combined contributed 54%, 40%, and 54% to the mixture effect in the anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and overall psychological distress models, respectively.
    Conclusions: We found that exposure to tebuconazole and thiabendazole, fungicides whose effects have been rarely studied in humans, may be associated with increased psychological distress among avocado farmworkers. We also observed that exposure to chlorpyrifos may be associated with decreased psychological distress.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Pesticides/urine ; Chlorpyrifos ; Persea ; Fungicides, Industrial ; Farmers ; Mexico ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Bayes Theorem ; Thiabendazole ; Insecticides/urine ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Chemical Substances Pesticides ; Chlorpyrifos (JCS58I644W) ; Fungicides, Industrial ; Thiabendazole (N1Q45E87DT) ; Insecticides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-13
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2009176-X
    ISSN 1618-131X ; 1438-4639
    ISSN (online) 1618-131X
    ISSN 1438-4639
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114322
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  6. Article ; Online: Perfluoroalkyl substances influence DNA methylation in school-age children highly exposed through drinking water contaminated from firefighting foam: a cohort study in Ronneby, Sweden.

    Xu, Yiyi / Lindh, Christian H / Fletcher, Tony / Jakobsson, Kristina / Engström, Karin

    Environmental epigenetics

    2022  Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) dvac004

    Abstract: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are widespread synthetic substances with various adverse health effects. A potential mechanism of toxicity for PFASs is via epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation. Previous studies have evaluated associations ... ...

    Abstract Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are widespread synthetic substances with various adverse health effects. A potential mechanism of toxicity for PFASs is via epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation. Previous studies have evaluated associations between PFAS exposure and DNA methylation among newborns and adults. However, no study has evaluated how PFASs influence DNA methylation among children of school age. In this exploratory study with school-age children exposed to PFASs through drinking water highly contaminated from firefighting foams, we aimed to investigate whether exposure to PFASs was associated with alteration in DNA methylation and epigenetic age acceleration. Sixty-three children aged 7-11 years from the Ronneby Biomarker Cohort (Sweden) were included. The children were either controls with only background exposure (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2831217-X
    ISSN 2058-5888 ; 2058-5888
    ISSN (online) 2058-5888
    ISSN 2058-5888
    DOI 10.1093/eep/dvac004
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  7. Article ; Online: Evaporation of serum after long-term biobank storage: A chemical analysis of maternal serum from a large Danish pregnancy screening registry.

    Uldbjerg, Cecilie S / Sørensen, Karina M / Lindh, Christian H / Rantakokko, Panu / Hauser, Russ / Juul, Anders / Andersson, Anna-Maria / Bräuner, Elvira V

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 10, Page(s) e0293527

    Abstract: Background: Relying on freezer stored biospecimens is preferred in epidemiolocal studies exploring environmental pregnancy exposures and later offspring health. Storage duration may increase the pre-analytical variability, potentially adding measurement ...

    Abstract Background: Relying on freezer stored biospecimens is preferred in epidemiolocal studies exploring environmental pregnancy exposures and later offspring health. Storage duration may increase the pre-analytical variability, potentially adding measurement uncertainty. We investigated evaporation of maternal serum after long-term biobank storage using ions (sodium, Na+; chloride, Cl-) recognized for stability and relatively narrow normal biological reference ranges in human serum.
    Methods: A chemical analysis study of 275 biobanked second trimester maternal serum from a large Danish pregnancy screening registry. Serum samples were collected between 1985-1995 and stored at -20°C. Ion concentrations were quantified with indirect potentiometry using a Roche Cobas 6000 analyzer and compared according to storage time and normal biological ranges in second trimester. Ion concentrations were also compared with normal biological variation assessed by baseline Na+ and Cl- serum concentrations from a separate cohort of 24,199 non-pregnant women measured before freezing with the same instrument.
    Results: The overall mean ion concentrations in biobanked serum were 147.5 mmol/L for Na+ and 109.7 for Cl-. No marked linear storage effects were observed according to storage time. Ion concentrations were consistently high across sampling years, especially for specific sampling years, and a relatively large proportion were outside respective normal ranges in second trimester: 38.9% for Na+ and 43.6% for Cl-. Some variation in concentrations was also evident in baseline serum used as quality controls.
    Conclusions: Elevated ion concentrations suggest evaporation, but independent of storage duration in the present study (27-37 years). Any evaporation may have occurred prior to freezer storage or during the first 27 years. Other pre-analytical factors such as low serum volume have likely influenced the concentrations, particularly given the high within year variability. Overall, we consider the biobanked serum samples internally comparable to enable their use in epidemiological studies.
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Biological Specimen Banks ; Freezing ; Sodium ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Denmark
    Chemical Substances Sodium (9NEZ333N27)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0293527
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  8. Article ; Online: Maternal Serum Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Early Pregnancy and Small for Gestational Age in Southern Sweden.

    Malm, Ellen / Vilhelmsson, Andreas / Högfeldt, Hannah / Deshayes, Isabelle / Källén, Karin / Hansson, Stefan R / Lindh, Christian H / Rylander, Lars

    Toxics

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 9

    Abstract: Small for gestational age (SGA) is considered an adverse birth outcome. Per- and polyfluoralkyl substances (PFAS) have become increasingly investigated as contributing environmental factors, thus far with inconclusive results. The current study aimed to ... ...

    Abstract Small for gestational age (SGA) is considered an adverse birth outcome. Per- and polyfluoralkyl substances (PFAS) have become increasingly investigated as contributing environmental factors, thus far with inconclusive results. The current study aimed to investigate the hypothesized association between increased maternal PFAS levels in early pregnancy and an increased risk for SGA birth. This population-based study used data from a sample of children born in Scania, Southern Sweden, between 1995 and 2009. Two groups were compared: cases born with SGA (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2733883-6
    ISSN 2305-6304 ; 2305-6304
    ISSN (online) 2305-6304
    ISSN 2305-6304
    DOI 10.3390/toxics11090750
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  9. Article ; Online: OMICs Signatures Linking Persistent Organic Pollutants to Cardiovascular Disease in the Swedish Mammography Cohort.

    Schillemans, Tessa / Yan, Yingxiao / Ribbenstedt, Anton / Donat-Vargas, Carolina / Lindh, Christian H / Kiviranta, Hannu / Rantakokko, Panu / Wolk, Alicja / Landberg, Rikard / Åkesson, Agneta / Brunius, Carl

    Environmental science & technology

    2024  Volume 58, Issue 2, Page(s) 1036–1047

    Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) development may be linked to persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including organochlorine compounds (OCs) and perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). To explore underlying mechanisms, we investigated ... ...

    Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) development may be linked to persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including organochlorine compounds (OCs) and perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). To explore underlying mechanisms, we investigated metabolites, proteins, and genes linking POPs with CVD risk. We used data from a nested case-control study on myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke from the Swedish Mammography Cohort - Clinical (
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Persistent Organic Pollutants ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Sweden/epidemiology ; Case-Control Studies ; Environmental Pollutants ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated ; Fluorocarbons ; Stroke/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Persistent Organic Pollutants ; Environmental Pollutants ; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated ; Fluorocarbons
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1520-5851
    ISSN (online) 1520-5851
    DOI 10.1021/acs.est.3c06388
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  10. Article ; Online: Pesticide exposure, birth size, and gestational age in the ISA birth cohort, Costa Rica.

    van Wendel de Joode, Berna / Peñaloza-Castañeda, Jorge / Mora, Ana M / Corrales-Vargas, Andrea / Eskenazi, Brenda / Hoppin, Jane A / Lindh, Christian H

    Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.)

    2024  Volume 8, Issue 2, Page(s) e290

    Abstract: Purpose: To examine associations of prenatal biomarkers of pesticide exposure with birth size measures and length of gestation among newborns from the Infants' Environmental Health (ISA) birth cohort, Costa Rica.: Methods: We included 386 singleton ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To examine associations of prenatal biomarkers of pesticide exposure with birth size measures and length of gestation among newborns from the Infants' Environmental Health (ISA) birth cohort, Costa Rica.
    Methods: We included 386 singleton liveborn newborns with data on birth size measures, length of gestation, and maternal urinary biomarkers of chlorpyrifos, synthetic pyrethroids, mancozeb, pyrimethanil, and 2, 4-D during pregnancy. We associated biomarkers of exposure with birth outcomes using multivariate linear regression and generalized additive models.
    Results: Concentrations were highest for ethylene thiourea (ETU, metabolite of mancozeb), median = 3.40; p10-90 = 1.90-6.79 µg/L, followed by 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP, metabolite of chlorpyrifos) p50 = 1.76 p10-90 = 0.97-4.36 µg/L, and lowest for 2,4-D (p50 = 0.33 p10-90 = 0.18-1.07 µg/L). Among term newborns (≥37 weeks), higher prenatal TCP was associated with lower birth weight and smaller head circumference (e.g.,
    Conclusions: Prenatal exposure to chlorpyrifos and 2,4-D, and, possibly, mancozeb/ETU, may impair fetal growth.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2474-7882
    ISSN (online) 2474-7882
    DOI 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000290
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