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Article ; Online: Building a global immune system.

Lipkin, W I / Briese, T

2022 Volume 18, Issue 4, Page(s) 2036069

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic exposed global vulnerabilities to emerging infectious diseases, heralded by earlier outbreaks, that did not result in appropriate investments in surveillance, international collaboration, and response. We propose specific steps that ...

Abstract	The COVID-19 pandemic exposed global vulnerabilities to emerging infectious diseases, heralded by earlier outbreaks, that did not result in appropriate investments in surveillance, international collaboration, and response. We propose specific steps that should be taken to reduce future risks to public health, economic and political stability, and food security.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; Global Health ; Humans ; Immune System ; International Cooperation ; Pandemics/prevention & control
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2664176-8
ISSN	2164-554X ; 2164-5515
ISSN (online)	2164-554X
ISSN	2164-5515
DOI	10.1080/21645515.2022.2036069
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Article ; Online: Detection of antibodies to Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia microti using linear peptides

Tagliafierro, Teresa / Joshi, Shreyas / Sameroff, Stephen / Marques, Adriana / Dumler, J. Stephen / Mishra, Nischay / Sanchez-Vicente, Santiago / Wormser, Gary P. / Marcos, Luis A. / Lipkin, W. I. / Tokarz, Rafal

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases. 2022 Sept., v. 13, no. 5 p.101999-

2022

Abstract: Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia microti are emerging tick-borne pathogens in the United States. Although active infection is typically diagnosed by direct diagnostic tests, such as blood smear or polymerase chain reaction assay, serologic assays ... ...

Abstract	Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia microti are emerging tick-borne pathogens in the United States. Although active infection is typically diagnosed by direct diagnostic tests, such as blood smear or polymerase chain reaction assay, serologic assays can be helpful to identify past infections, and the use of acute plus convalescent testing can potentially identify recent infections. We employed a peptide array to select sets of linear peptides for serologic diagnosis of infections with A. phagocytophilum and B. microti. Three optimal peptides were selected for each agent based on their performance with clinical specimens. All three A. phagocytophilum peptides were located within the conserved fragments of the MSP2 antigen. Two B. microti peptides were located in the N terminus of the SA-1 antigen; the third was in the BMN 1-17 antigen. We found that these peptides can be a useful tool for detection of antibody reactivity to both of these pathogens.
Keywords	Anaplasma phagocytophilum ; Babesia microti ; antibodies ; antigens ; blood ; peptides ; polymerase chain reaction ; Anaplasmosis ; Babesiosis ; Serology ; Microarray ; Diagnosis
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-09
Publishing place	Elsevier GmbH
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Use and reproduction
ZDB-ID	2541872-5
ISSN	1877-9603 ; 1877-959X
ISSN (online)	1877-9603
ISSN	1877-959X
DOI	10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.101999
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Book: Microbe hunting in the 21st century

Lipkin, W. I

(Kinyoun lecture)

2009

Abstract: CIT): Lipkin will discuss state-of-the-art diagnostic and surveillance techniques that he and his colleagues use to rapidly assess and respond to new pathogenic microbes so that disease outbreaks may be mitigated and potentially averted. He will shed ... ...

Institution	National Institutes of Health (U.S.)
Author's details	Ian Lipkin
Series title	Kinyoun lecture
Abstract	(CIT): Lipkin will discuss state-of-the-art diagnostic and surveillance techniques that he and his colleagues use to rapidly assess and respond to new pathogenic microbes so that disease outbreaks may be mitigated and potentially averted. He will shed light on new methods of studying microbial pathogenesis and routes to proving causation, as well as how this methodology can be applied to investigate clinical problems.
MeSH term(s)	Microbiological Techniques/methods ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/microbiology ; Virulence ; Virulence Factors ; Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control
Language	English
Publisher	National Institutes of Health
Publishing place	Bethesda, Md
Document type	Book
Note	Open-captioned. ; Title from title screen (viewed Dec. 6, 2009). ; Streaming video (1 hr., 2 min. : sd., col.).
Database	Catalogue of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM)

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Article: The search for infectious agents in neuropsychiatric disorders: lessons from multiple sclerosis.

Lipkin, W I

Molecular psychiatry

1997 Volume 2, Issue 6, Page(s) 437–438

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mental Disorders/virology ; Multiple Sclerosis/virology ; Nervous System Diseases/virology ; Schizophrenia/virology
Language	English
Publishing date	1997-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	News
ZDB-ID	1330655-8
ISSN	1476-5578 ; 1359-4184
ISSN (online)	1476-5578
ISSN	1359-4184
DOI	10.1038/sj.mp.4000338
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Article: European consensus on viral encephalitis.

Lipkin, W I

Lancet (London, England)

1997 Volume 349, Issue 9048, Page(s) 299–300

MeSH term(s)	Acyclovir/therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Viral/analysis ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Consensus Development Conferences as Topic ; Encephalitis, Viral/cerebrospinal fluid ; Encephalitis, Viral/diagnosis ; Encephalitis, Viral/therapy ; Europe ; Herpes Simplex/cerebrospinal fluid ; Herpes Simplex/diagnosis ; Herpes Simplex/therapy ; Herpesvirus 1, Human/immunology ; Herpesvirus 2, Human/immunology ; Herpesvirus 3, Human/immunology ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Simplexvirus/isolation & purification
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Viral ; Antiviral Agents ; Acyclovir (X4HES1O11F)
Language	English
Publishing date	1997-02-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3306-6
ISSN	1474-547X ; 0140-6736 ; 0023-7507
ISSN (online)	1474-547X
ISSN	0140-6736 ; 0023-7507
DOI	10.1016/S0140-6736(05)62821-8
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Article: Endoplasmic reticulum stress and neurodegeneration in rats neonatally infected with borna disease virus.

Williams, B L / Lipkin, W I

Journal of virology

2006 Volume 80, Issue 17, Page(s) 8613–8626

Abstract: Borna disease virus infection of neonatal rats results in a characteristic behavioral syndrome and apoptosis of subsets of neurons in the hippocampus and cerebellum (neonatal Borna disease [NBD]). The cellular mechanisms leading to neurodevelopmental ... ...

Abstract	Borna disease virus infection of neonatal rats results in a characteristic behavioral syndrome and apoptosis of subsets of neurons in the hippocampus and cerebellum (neonatal Borna disease [NBD]). The cellular mechanisms leading to neurodevelopmental damage in NBD have not been fully elucidated. Insights into this model may have general implications for understanding the pathogenesis of virus-associated neurodevelopmental damage. Here we report the presence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers and activation of the unfolded protein response in the NBD hippocampus and cerebellum. Specific findings included enhanced PERK-mediated phosphorylation of eif2alpha and concomitant regulation of ATF4 translation; IRE1-mediated splicing of XBP1 mRNA; and cleavage of the ATF6 protein in NBD rat brains. We found evidence for regional and cell type-specific divergence in the expression of ER stress-induced proapoptotic and quality control signals. Our results demonstrate that ER stress induction in death-susceptible Purkinje neurons in NBD is associated with the expression of the proapoptotic molecule CHOP in the absence of compensatory expression of the ER quality control molecules Bip and protein disulfide isomerase. In contrast, ER stress in death-resistant astrocytes is associated with complementary expression of CHOP and ER quality control signals. These results implicate an imbalance between ER stress-mediated apoptosis and survival signaling as a critical determinant of neural cell fate in NBD.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Animals, Newborn/virology ; Apoptosis ; Astrocytes/pathology ; Borna Disease/pathology ; Borna Disease/virology ; Borna disease virus/pathogenicity ; Cerebellum/metabolism ; Cerebellum/pathology ; Cerebellum/virology ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/pathology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Heat-Shock Response ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Hippocampus/pathology ; Hippocampus/virology ; Nerve Degeneration/pathology ; Neurons/pathology ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Protein Folding ; Proteins/genetics ; Proteins/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Lew
Chemical Substances	Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2006-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	80174-4
ISSN	1098-5514 ; 0022-538X
ISSN (online)	1098-5514
ISSN	0022-538X
DOI	10.1128/JVI.00836-06
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Article ; Online: Immune network analysis of cerebrospinal fluid in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome with atypical and classical presentations.

Hornig, M / Gottschalk, C G / Eddy, M L / Che, X / Ukaigwe, J E / Peterson, D L / Lipkin, W I

Translational psychiatry

2017 Volume 7, Issue 4, Page(s) e1080

Abstract: Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a persistent and debilitating disorder marked by cognitive and sensory dysfunction and unexplained physical fatigue. Classically, cases present after a prodrome consistent with infection; ... ...

Abstract	Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a persistent and debilitating disorder marked by cognitive and sensory dysfunction and unexplained physical fatigue. Classically, cases present after a prodrome consistent with infection; however, some cases are atypical and have a different presentation and comorbidities that pose challenges for differential diagnosis. We analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 32 cases with classical ME/CFS and 27 cases with atypical ME/CFS using a 51-plex cytokine assay. Atypical subjects differed in cytokine profiles from classical subjects. In logistic regression models incorporating immune molecules that were identified as potential predictor variables through feature selection, we found strong associations between the atypical ME/CFS phenotype and lower CSF levels of the inflammatory mediators, interleukin 17A and CXCL9. Network analysis revealed an absence of inverse inter-cytokine relationships in CSF from atypical patients, and more sparse positive intercorrelations, than classical subjects. Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist appeared to be a negative regulator in classical ME/CFS, with patterns suggestive of disturbances in interleukin 1 signaling and autoimmunity-type patterns of immune activation. Immune signatures in the central nervous system of ME/CFS patients with atypical features may be distinct from those with more typical clinical presentations.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-04-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2609311-X
ISSN	2158-3188 ; 2158-3188
ISSN (online)	2158-3188
ISSN	2158-3188
DOI	10.1038/tp.2017.44
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Article ; Online: Syncytial Hepatitis of Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus L.) is Associated With Orthomyxovirus-Like Virions in Hepatocytes.

Del-Pozo, J / Mishra, N / Kabuusu, R / Cheetham, S / Eldar, A / Bacharach, E / Lipkin, W I / Ferguson, H W

Veterinary pathology

2017 Volume 54, Issue 1, Page(s) 164–170

Abstract: Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the presented work expands on the ultrastructural findings of an earlier report on "syncytial hepatitis," a novel disease of tilapia (SHT). Briefly, TEM confirmed the presence of an orthomyxovirus-like virus ... ...

Abstract	Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the presented work expands on the ultrastructural findings of an earlier report on "syncytial hepatitis," a novel disease of tilapia (SHT). Briefly, TEM confirmed the presence of an orthomyxovirus-like virus within the diseased hepatocytes but not within the endothelium. This was supported by observing extracellular and intracellular (mostly intraendosomal), 60-100 nm round virions with a trilaminar capsid containing up to 7 electron-dense aggregates. Other patterns noted included enveloped or filamentous virions and virion-containing cytoplasmic membrane folds, suggestive of endocytosis. Patterns atypical for orthymyxovirus included the formation of syncytia and the presence of virions within the perinuclear cisternae (suspected to be the Golgi apparatus). The ultrastructural morphology of SHT-associated virions is similar to that previously reported for tilapia lake virus (TiLV). A genetic homology was investigated using the available reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) probes for TiLV and comparing clinically sick with clinically normal fish and negative controls. By RT-PCR analysis, viral nucleic acid was detected only in diseased fish. Taken together, these findings strongly suggest that a virus is causally associated with SHT, that this virus shares ultrastructural features with orthomyxoviruses, and it presents with partial genetic homology with TiLV (190 nucleotides).
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Fish Diseases/virology ; Hepatitis, Viral, Animal/pathology ; Hepatitis, Viral, Animal/virology ; Hepatocytes/pathology ; Hepatocytes/ultrastructure ; Hepatocytes/virology ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission/veterinary ; Orthomyxoviridae/genetics ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/pathology ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/veterinary ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/virology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary ; Tilapia/virology ; Virion/ultrastructure
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	188012-3
ISSN	1544-2217 ; 0300-9858
ISSN (online)	1544-2217
ISSN	0300-9858
DOI	10.1177/0300985816658100
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Article ; Online: Bornaviruses

Stitz, Lothar / Planz, Oliver / Lipkin, W.I.

2013

Abstract: Borna disease virus (BDV) is the prototype and sole member of the new family of Bornaviridae within the order Mononegavirales. The 8.9 kb BDV genome represents the smallest genome of the nonsegmented single-stranded RNA viruses and codes for six viral ... ...

Abstract	Borna disease virus (BDV) is the prototype and sole member of the new family of Bornaviridae within the order Mononegavirales. The 8.9 kb BDV genome represents the smallest genome of the nonsegmented single-stranded RNA viruses and codes for six viral proteins, with some unusual patterns of replication. BDV is the causative agent of Borna disease (BD), an immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system (CNS), with dysfunctions of the motor system such as paresis and paralysis. It causes a meningoencephalomyelitis in natural hosts, such as horses and sheep and appears to have worldwide geographical distribution. The noncytolytic virus replicates at low levels both in vivo and in vitro, spreads by cell-to-cell contact and causes a persistent infection. Experimental Borna disease virus infection of rats and mice represents an excellent model system to study immunopathological mechanisms based on a T-cell-mediated immune reaction in the CNS, where CD8+ T cells represent the effector cell population.
Keywords	Text ; ddc:630 ; Bornaviridae ; Brain ; Brain atrophy ; Hippocampus ; Hydrocephalus ; Immune-mediated disease ; Immunopathogenesis ; Joest-Degen inclusion bodies ; Limbic system ; Meningoencephalitis ; Mononegavirales ; Neurotropism ; RNA splicing ; T cells
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-09-17
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Cytokine network analysis of cerebrospinal fluid in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.

Hornig, M / Gottschalk, G / Peterson, D L / Knox, K K / Schultz, A F / Eddy, M L / Che, X / Lipkin, W I

Molecular psychiatry

2016 Volume 21, Issue 2, Page(s) 261–269

Abstract: Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome is an unexplained debilitating disorder that is frequently associated with cognitive and motor dysfunction. We analyzed cerebrospinal fluid from 32 cases, 40 subjects with multiple sclerosis and 19 ... ...

Abstract	Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome is an unexplained debilitating disorder that is frequently associated with cognitive and motor dysfunction. We analyzed cerebrospinal fluid from 32 cases, 40 subjects with multiple sclerosis and 19 normal subjects frequency-matched for age and sex using a 51-plex cytokine assay. Group-specific differences were found for the majority of analytes with an increase in cases of CCL11 (eotaxin), a chemokine involved in eosinophil recruitment. Network analysis revealed an inverse relationship between interleukin 1 receptor antagonist and colony-stimulating factor 1, colony-stimulating factor 2 and interleukin 17F, without effects on interleukin 1α or interleukin 1β, suggesting a disturbance in interleukin 1 signaling. Our results indicate a markedly disturbed immune signature in the cerebrospinal fluid of cases that is consistent with immune activation in the central nervous system, and a shift toward an allergic or T helper type-2 pattern associated with autoimmunity.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Chemokine CCL11/immunology ; Chemokine CCL11/metabolism ; Cytokines/analysis ; Cytokines/cerebrospinal fluid ; Cytokines/immunology ; Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic/immunology ; Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-17 ; Interleukin-1beta ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Sclerosis/cerebrospinal fluid ; Multiple Sclerosis/immunology ; Multiple Sclerosis/metabolism
Chemical Substances	CCL11 protein, human ; Chemokine CCL11 ; Cytokines ; Interleukin-17 ; Interleukin-1beta
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1330655-8
ISSN	1476-5578 ; 1359-4184
ISSN (online)	1476-5578
ISSN	1359-4184
DOI	10.1038/mp.2015.29
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