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  1. AU="Liu, Chumin"
  2. AU="Meurs, Maaike"

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  1. Book ; Online: PoetryDiffusion

    Hu, Zhiyuan / Liu, Chumin / Feng, Yue / Luu, Anh Tuan / Hooi, Bryan

    Towards Joint Semantic and Metrical Manipulation in Poetry Generation

    2023  

    Abstract: Controllable text generation is a challenging and meaningful field in natural language generation (NLG). Especially, poetry generation is a typical one with well-defined and strict conditions for text generation which is an ideal playground for the ... ...

    Abstract Controllable text generation is a challenging and meaningful field in natural language generation (NLG). Especially, poetry generation is a typical one with well-defined and strict conditions for text generation which is an ideal playground for the assessment of current methodologies. While prior works succeeded in controlling either semantic or metrical aspects of poetry generation, simultaneously addressing both remains a challenge. In this paper, we pioneer the use of the Diffusion model for generating sonnets and Chinese SongCi poetry to tackle such challenges. In terms of semantics, our PoetryDiffusion model, built upon the Diffusion model, generates entire sentences or poetry by comprehensively considering the entirety of sentence information. This approach enhances semantic expression, distinguishing it from autoregressive and large language models (LLMs). For metrical control, the separation feature of diffusion generation and its constraint control module enable us to flexibly incorporate a novel metrical controller to manipulate and evaluate metrics (format and rhythm). The denoising process in PoetryDiffusion allows for gradual enhancement of semantics and flexible integration of the metrical controller which can calculate and impose penalties on states that stray significantly from the target control distribution. Experimental results on two datasets demonstrate that our model outperforms existing models in automatic evaluation of semantic, metrical, and overall performance as well as human evaluation.

    Comment: Accepted by AAAI2024
    Keywords Computer Science - Computation and Language
    Subject code 410
    Publishing date 2023-06-14
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article: Vitrectomy with fluconazole infusion: retinal toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy in the treatment of experimental candidal endophthalmitis.

    Cheng, Cheng-Kuo / Yang, Chang-Hao / Hsueh, Po-Ren / Liu, Chu-Min / Lu, Hsuei-Yuh

    Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics

    2004  Volume 20, Issue 5, Page(s) 430–438

    Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the retinal toxicity and intraocular pharmacokinetics of vitrectomy with fluconazole infusion in rabbit eyes and to study its efficacy in the treatment of experimental candidal endophthalmitis. The right eyes of 13 ... ...

    Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the retinal toxicity and intraocular pharmacokinetics of vitrectomy with fluconazole infusion in rabbit eyes and to study its efficacy in the treatment of experimental candidal endophthalmitis. The right eyes of 13 New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits were vitrectomized and infused with 20 mL of 0.2 mg/mL, 1 mg/mL, or 2 mg/mL of fluconazole. An electroretinogram (ERG) was performed on both eyes of each rabbit at different time points. The right eyes of 26 different NZW rabbits were vitrectomized and infused with 20 mL of 2 mg/mL of fluconazole. These rabbits were sacrificed, and their right eyes were enucleated at hours 2, 4, 8, and 24 after the operation, and the concentration of fluconazole in the vitreous was measured by highpressure liquid chromatography. Experimental candidal endophthalmitis was induced in the right eye of 42 other NZW rabbits. Twenty-six (26) of the eyes were then vitrectomized and infused with 20 mL of 2 mg/mL of fluconazole, and the other 16 rabbits served as control. Severity of ocular infection was graded from 0-4 at different time intervals, using an indirect ophthalmoscope. In the first group, ERG showed no significant difference between the experimental eyes and the control eyes--in all concentrations of fluconazole--for up to 3 months. In the second group, the intraocular concentration of fluconazole declined so rapidly that, as of 8 hours after operation, there was none in the vitreous cavity. In the third group, significantly less vitreous opacity was found in the treated eyes on days 3 and 6. However, the difference ceased to be apparent on day 15. Our study suggests that there is no retinal toxicity resulting from vitrectomy with a 2 mg/mL fluconazole infusion, and that it is temporally effective in the treatment of experimental candidal endophthalmitis.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antifungal Agents/pharmacokinetics ; Antifungal Agents/toxicity ; Biological Availability ; Candidiasis/drug therapy ; Candidiasis/metabolism ; Candidiasis/surgery ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Electroretinography ; Endophthalmitis/drug therapy ; Endophthalmitis/metabolism ; Endophthalmitis/surgery ; Eye Infections, Fungal/drug therapy ; Eye Infections, Fungal/metabolism ; Eye Infections, Fungal/surgery ; Fluconazole/pharmacokinetics ; Fluconazole/toxicity ; Infusions, Parenteral ; Rabbits ; Retina/drug effects ; Treatment Outcome ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreous Body/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Antifungal Agents ; Fluconazole (8VZV102JFY)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1237021-6
    ISSN 1557-7732 ; 1080-7683
    ISSN (online) 1557-7732
    ISSN 1080-7683
    DOI 10.1089/jop.2004.20.430
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Bioequivalence Study of Tramadol by Intramuscular Administration in Healthy Volunteers

    Chao, Chih-Kai / Yu, Li-Li / Su, Li-Li / Liu, Chu-Min / Yang, Tsung-Hsien / Chen, Chi-Ming

    Arzneimittelforschung

    2000  Volume 50, Issue 07, Page(s) 636–640

    Abstract: Tramadol hydrochloride (CAS 36282-47-0) is a centrally acting analgesic agent binding to μ opiate receptors. The bioavailability of a new tramadol hydrochloride injection (Limadol ) was compared with a commercially available reference product by ... ...

    Abstract Tramadol hydrochloride (CAS 36282-47-0) is a centrally acting analgesic agent binding to μ opiate receptors. The bioavailability of a new tramadol hydrochloride injection (Limadol ) was compared with a commercially available reference product by intramuscular administration in twelve healthy Chinese male volunteers by a standard two-way cross-over trial. Each volunteer received a single 100 mg injection of tramadol HCl in each phase. The bioavailability was compared using the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to 30 h (AUC 0-30 ), the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to infinity (AUC 0-∞ ), peak plasma concentration (C max ), and time to reach peak plasma concentration (T max ). No statistically significant difference was observed between the T max, C max, AUC 0-30 and AUC 0-∞ of the two preparations. It is concluded that test and reference formulations of tramadol hydrochloride are bioequivalent for both the extent and rate of absorption after a single intramuscular injection.
    Keywords Analgesics ; CAS 36282-47-0 ; Limadol ; , bioavailability, bioequivalence ; Tramadol hydrochloride, intramuscular administration
    Language German
    Publishing date 2000-07-01
    Publisher Editio Cantor Verlag
    Publishing place Stuttgart ; New York
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 502081-5
    ISSN 1616-7066 ; 0004-4172
    ISSN (online) 1616-7066
    ISSN 0004-4172
    DOI 10.1055/s-0031-1300263
    Database Thieme publisher's database

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