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Article ; Online: The Role of Sensory Nerves in Dental Pulp Homeostasis: Histological Changes and Cellular Consequences after Sensory Denervation.

Wang, Chunmeng / Liu, Xiaochen / Zhou, Jiani / Zhang, Qi

International journal of molecular sciences

2024 Volume 25, Issue 2

Abstract: Homeostatic maintenance is essential for pulp function. Disrupting pulp homeostasis may lead to pulp degeneration, such as fibrosis and calcifications. Sensory nerves constitute a crucial component of the dental pulp. However, the precise involvement of ... ...

Abstract	Homeostatic maintenance is essential for pulp function. Disrupting pulp homeostasis may lead to pulp degeneration, such as fibrosis and calcifications. Sensory nerves constitute a crucial component of the dental pulp. However, the precise involvement of sensory nerves in pulp homeostasis remains uncertain. In this study, we observed the short-term and long-term histological changes in the dental pulp after inferior alveolar nerve transection. Additionally, we cultured primary dental pulp cells (DPCs) from the innervated and denervated groups and compared indicators of cellular senescence and cellular function. The results revealed that pulp fibrosis occurred at 2 w after the operation. Furthermore, the pulp area, as well as the height and width of the pulp cavity, showed accelerated reductions after sensory denervation. Notably, the pulp area at 16 w after the operation was comparable to that of 56 w old rats. Sensory denervation induced excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and increased predisposition to mineralization. Furthermore, sensory denervation promoted the senescence of DPCs. Denervated DPCs exhibited decelerated cell proliferation, arrest in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, imbalance in the synthesis and degradation of ECM, and enhanced mineralization. These findings indicate that sensory nerves play an essential role in pulp homeostasis maintenance and dental pulp cell fate decisions, which may provide novel insights into the prevention of pulp degeneration.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Rats ; Dental Pulp ; Afferent Pathways ; Homeostasis ; Calcinosis ; Dental Pulp Diseases ; Fibrosis ; Denervation
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms25021126
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Article ; Online: Porphyromonas gingivalis enhances the proliferation of colorectal cancer Caco-2 cells via the JAK2-STAT3 pathway

ZHANG Ruotong / LIU Xiaochen / YE Wei

口腔疾病防治, Vol 31, Iss 9, Pp 625-

2023 Volume 633

Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of pathogenic bacterium-Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g) on the proliferation and inflammatory factor expression of human colorectal cancer Caco-2 cells, to determine whether the Janus kinase 2-signal transducers and ... ...

Abstract	Objective To investigate the effect of pathogenic bacterium-Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g) on the proliferation and inflammatory factor expression of human colorectal cancer Caco-2 cells, to determine whether the Janus kinase 2-signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (JAK2-STAT3) pathway is involved in the regulation of Caco-2 cell proliferation by P.g and to provide an experimental basis for further exploring the relationship between P.g and colorectal cancer. Methods Caco-2 cells were cultured in vitro, and P.g at different multiplicities of infection (MOIs) (0, 1, 10, 25) was selected to stimulate for 12, 24 and 48 h. The effect of P.g on the proliferation of Caco-2 cells was detected by CCK8. The stimulation time was set as 12, 24 and 48 h. MOI=0 was the control group, and MOI=1, 10 and 25 comprised the experimental group. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the changes in interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10(IL-10), JAK2 and STAT3 gene and protein (phosphorylated protein) levels in each group. Results After P.g infection of Caco-2 cells, P.g had a sustained stimulatory effect on the cells for 12, 24 and 48 h at MOI=1 and MOI=10 compared with the control group. Compared with that in the control group, the expression of pro-inflammatory factor IL-6 and related proliferative pathway protein JAK2 and STAT3 in Caco-2 cells with P.g infection increased in a concentration- and time-dependent manner (P<0.05). Additionally, the expression of IL-10, an anti-inflammatory factor, in Caco-2 cells infected with P.g decreased (P<0.05). After the addition of the JAK2 inhibitor AZ960, the proliferation of Caco-2 cells infected with P.g decreased, and the mRNA expression of STAT3 and JAK2 and the protein expression of p-STAT3 and p-JAK2 decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion P.g can promote the proliferation of the colorectal cancer cell line Caco-2, and the effect of P.g on Caco-2 cells may promote cell proliferation through the JAK2-STAT3 pathway while promoting the expression of the proinflammatory ...
Keywords	periodontitis ， ; porphyromonas gingivalis ， ; colorectal cancer cells ， ; interluekin-6 ， ; interluekin-10 ， ; janus kinase 2 ， ; signal transducers and activators of transcription 3， ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	570
Language	Chinese
Publishing date	2023-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Editorial Department of Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Efficient Pipelines for Vision-Based Context Sensing

Liu, Xiaochen

2020

Abstract: Context awareness is an essential part of mobile and ubiquitous computing. Its goal is to unveil situational information about mobile users like locations and activities. The sensed context can enable many services like navigation, AR, and smarting ... ...

Abstract	Context awareness is an essential part of mobile and ubiquitous computing. Its goal is to unveil situational information about mobile users like locations and activities. The sensed context can enable many services like navigation, AR, and smarting shopping. Such context can be sensed in different ways including visual sensors. There is an emergence of vision sources deployed worldwide. The cameras could be installed on roadside, in-house, and on mobile platforms. This trend provides huge amount of vision data that could be used for context sensing. However, the vision data collection and analytics are still highly manual today. It is hard to deploy cameras at large scale for data collection. Organizing and labeling context from the data are also labor intensive. In recent years, advanced vision algorithms and deep neural networks are used to help analyze vision data. But this approach is limited by data quality, labeling effort, and dependency on hardware resources. In summary, there are three major challenges for today's vision-based context sensing systems: data collection and labeling at large scale, process large data volumes efficiently with limited hardware resources, and extract accurate context out of vision data. The thesis explores the design space that consists of three dimensions: sensing task, sensor types, and task locations. Our prior work explores several points in this design space. We make contributions by (1) developing efficient and scalable solutions for different points in the design space of vision-based sensing tasks; (2) achieving state-of-the-art accuracy in those applications; (3) and developing guidelines for designing such sensing systems.
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ; Computer Science - Information Retrieval ; Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture
Subject code	004
Publishing date	2020-11-01
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article: Analytic Model for Feature Maps in the Primary Visual Cortex.

Liu, Xiaochen / Robinson, Peter A

Frontiers in computational neuroscience

2022 Volume 16, Page(s) 659316

Abstract: A compact analytic model is proposed to describe the combined orientation preference (OP) and ocular dominance (OD) features of simple cells and their mutual constraints on the spatial layout of the combined OP-OD map in the primary visual cortex (V1). ... ...

Abstract	A compact analytic model is proposed to describe the combined orientation preference (OP) and ocular dominance (OD) features of simple cells and their mutual constraints on the spatial layout of the combined OP-OD map in the primary visual cortex (V1). This model consists of three parts: (i) an anisotropic Laplacian (AL) operator that represents the local neural sensitivity to the orientation of visual inputs; and (ii) obtain a receptive field (RF) operator that models the anisotropic spatial projection from nearby neurons to a given V1 cell over scales of a few tenths of a millimeter and combines with the AL operator to give an overall OP operator; and (iii) a map that describes how the parameters of these operators vary approximately periodically across V1. The parameters of the proposed model maximize the neural response at a given OP with an OP tuning curve fitted to experimental results. It is found that the anisotropy of the AL operator does not significantly affect OP selectivity, which is dominated by the RF anisotropy, consistent with Hubel and Wiesel's original conclusions that orientation tuning width of V1 simple cell is inversely related to the elongation of its RF. A simplified and idealized OP-OD map is then constructed to describe the approximately periodic local OP-OD structure of V1 in a compact form. It is shown explicitly that the OP map can be approximated by retaining its dominant spatial Fourier coefficients, which are shown to suffice to reconstruct its basic spatial structure. Moreover, this representation is a suitable form to analyze observed OP maps compactly and to be used in neural field theory (NFT) for analyzing activity modulated by the OP-OD structure of V1. Application to independently simulated V1 OP structure shows that observed irregularities in the map correspond to a spread of dominant coefficients in a circle in Fourier space. In addition, there is a strong bias toward two perpendicular directions when only a small patch of local map is included. The bias is decreased as the amount of V1 included in the Fourier transform is increased.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2452964-3
ISSN	1662-5188
ISSN	1662-5188
DOI	10.3389/fncom.2022.659316
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Article ; Online: Disruption of gonadotropin hormone biosynthesis by parabens: A potential development and reproduction-associated adverse outcome pathway.

Wang, Linping / Liu, Xiaochen / Zhao, Manqi / Li, Feixue / Liu, Jing

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)

2024 Volume 347, Page(s) 123716

Abstract: Parabens are widely used as antibacterial preservatives in foods and personal care products. The knowledge about the modes of toxic action of parabens on development and reproduction remain very limited. The present study attempted to establish a ... ...

Abstract	Parabens are widely used as antibacterial preservatives in foods and personal care products. The knowledge about the modes of toxic action of parabens on development and reproduction remain very limited. The present study attempted to establish a development and reproduction-associated adverse outcome pathway (AOP) by evaluating the effects of methylparaben (MP), ethylparaben (EP), propylparaben (PP) and butylparaben (BP) on the biosynthesis of gonadotropins, which are key hormones for development and reproduction. MP and BP significantly upregulated the mRNA and protein levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in pituitary gonadotropic cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Activation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) was required for gonadotropin biosynthesis induced by BP, but not MP. Molecular docking data further demonstrated the higher binding efficiency of BP to human GnRHR than that of MP, suggesting GnRHR as a potential molecular initiative event (MIE) for BP-induced gonadotropin production. L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) were found to be another candidate for MIE in gonadotropic cells response to both MP and BP exposure. The calcium-dependent activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2 was subsequently required for MP- and BP-induced activation of GnRHR and L-type VGCCs pathways. In summary, MP and BP promoted gonadotropin biosynthesis through their interactions with cellular macromolecules GnRHR, L-type VGCCs, and subsequent key event ERK1/2. This is the first study to report the direct interference of parabens with gonadotropin biosynthesis and establish a potential AOP based on pathway-specific mechanism, which contributes to the effective screening of environmental chemicals with developmental and reproductive health risks.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Parabens/toxicity ; Parabens/metabolism ; Adverse Outcome Pathways ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Gonadotropins ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; Reproduction ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone
Chemical Substances	butylparaben (3QPI1U3FV8) ; methylparaben (A2I8C7HI9T) ; Parabens ; Gonadotropins ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone (9002-68-0) ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (33515-09-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	280652-6
ISSN	1873-6424 ; 0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
ISSN (online)	1873-6424
ISSN	0013-9327 ; 0269-7491
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123716
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Article ; Online: Sensor Scheduling for Remote State Estimation with Limited Communication Resources: A Time- and Event-Triggered Hybrid Approach.

Ni, Yuqing / Liu, Xiaochen / Yang, Chao

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 23, Issue 21

Abstract: This paper proposes a time- and event-triggered hybrid scheduling for remote state estimation with limited communication resources. A smart sensor observes a physical process and decides whether to send the local state estimate to a remote estimator via ... ...

Abstract	This paper proposes a time- and event-triggered hybrid scheduling for remote state estimation with limited communication resources. A smart sensor observes a physical process and decides whether to send the local state estimate to a remote estimator via a wireless communication channel; the estimator computes the state estimate of the process according to the received data packets and the known scheduling mechanism. Based on the existing optimal time-triggered scheduling, we employ a stochastic event trigger to save precious communication chances and further improve the estimation performance. The minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) state estimate is derived since the Gaussian property is preserved. The estimation performance upper bound and communication rate are analyzed. The main results are illustrated by numerical examples.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2052857-7
ISSN	1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
ISSN (online)	1424-8220
ISSN	1424-8220
DOI	10.3390/s23218667
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Article ; Online: Joint estimation of pose, depth, and optical flow with a competition-cooperation transformer network.

Liu, Xiaochen / Zhang, Tao / Liu, Mingming

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society

2023 Volume 171, Page(s) 263–275

Abstract: Estimating depth, ego-motion, and optical flow from consecutive frames is a critical task in robot navigation and has received significant attention in recent years. In this study, we propose PDF-Former, an unsupervised joint estimation network ... ...

Abstract	Estimating depth, ego-motion, and optical flow from consecutive frames is a critical task in robot navigation and has received significant attention in recent years. In this study, we propose PDF-Former, an unsupervised joint estimation network comprising a full transformer-based framework, as well as a competition and cooperation mechanism. The transformer framework captures global feature dependencies and is customized for different task types, thereby improving the performance of sequential tasks. The competition and cooperation mechanisms enable the network to obtain additional supervisory information at different training stages. Specifically, the competition mechanism is implemented early in training to achieve iterative optimization of 6 DOF poses (rotation and translation information from the target image to the two reference images), the depth of target image, and optical flow (from the target image to the two reference images) estimation in a competitive manner. In contrast, the cooperation mechanism is implemented later in training to facilitate the transmission of results among the three networks and mutually optimize the estimation results. We conducted experiments on the KITTI dataset, and the results indicate that PDF-Former has significant potential to enhance the accuracy and robustness of sequential tasks in robot navigation.
MeSH term(s)	Optic Flow ; Information Management ; Rotation
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	740542-x
ISSN	1879-2782 ; 0893-6080
ISSN (online)	1879-2782
ISSN	0893-6080
DOI	10.1016/j.neunet.2023.12.020
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Article ; Online: Strontium increasing calcium accessibility from calcium citrate.

Liu, Xiao-Chen / Skibsted, Leif H

Food chemistry

2021 Volume 367, Page(s) 130674

Abstract: Strontium chloride added to aqueous suspensions of metastable calcium citrate tetrahydrate increased calcium ion activity measured electrochemically without transition of metastable tetrahydrate to stable calcium citrate hexahydrate as shown by DSC. ... ...

Abstract	Strontium chloride added to aqueous suspensions of metastable calcium citrate tetrahydrate increased calcium ion activity measured electrochemically without transition of metastable tetrahydrate to stable calcium citrate hexahydrate as shown by DSC. Calcium activity increase was explained by lower solubility of strontium citrate pentahydrate formed (8.9 × 10
MeSH term(s)	Calcium ; Calcium Citrate ; Solubility ; Strontium ; Thermodynamics
Chemical Substances	Calcium Citrate (MLM29U2X85) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP) ; Strontium (YZS2RPE8LE)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	243123-3
ISSN	1873-7072 ; 0308-8146
ISSN (online)	1873-7072
ISSN	0308-8146
DOI	10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130674
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Article: Ultralong-Chain Ionic Liquid Surfactants Derived from Natural Erucic Acid

Zhang, Yongmin / Mu, Meng / Yang, Zhe / Liu, Xiaochen

ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering. 2022 Feb. 11, v. 10, no. 7

2022

Abstract: Ionic liquid surfactants (ILSs) have shown increasing promise for substituting the traditional amphiphiles because of their flexible tunability and advantageous physicochemical properties. However, the improvement of common ILSs in terms of self-assembly ...

Abstract	Ionic liquid surfactants (ILSs) have shown increasing promise for substituting the traditional amphiphiles because of their flexible tunability and advantageous physicochemical properties. However, the improvement of common ILSs in terms of self-assembly ability and thickening ability remains a significant challenge. Herein, two novel ultralong-chain ILSs (ULILSs), ErBCho (choline cis-4-erucylamidobenzoate) and ErBBTA (benzyltrimethylammonium cis-4-erucylamidobenzoate), were designed and synthesized from natural unsaturated fatty acid (erucic acid). Their structures were characterized via ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry techniques, and physicochemical properties were evaluated by surface tension, polarized optical microscopy, and rheology. The insertion of a phenyl ring between the charged headgroup and unsaturated C22-tail significantly enhanced the hydrophobicity of ULILSs, but they retained the desirable characteristics of ILSs (low melting temperature) and excellent water-solubility (Krafft temperature <4 °C), for application in low-temperature water. Compared with counterparts without a phenyl ring, the critical micelle concentration (cmc) of the presented ULILSs was markedly decreased by at least an order of magnitude (particularly cmc of ErBBTA 3.5 μM), and interfacial activity was higher (larger pC₂₀). In particular, the current ULILSs were able to form wormlike micelles on their own and then thicken the solution at relatively low overlapping concentrations (1.68–5.71 mM), without any additives and regardless of counterions. More importantly, viscoelastic fluids formed by the current ULILSs (especially ErBBTA) were not only resistant to high temperature and cycled shear but also exhibited excellent sand-carrying and oil-induced gel-breaking performances. Such ULILSs have shown promise to replace those common surfactants in hydro-fracturing and other applications.
Keywords	choline ; electrospray ionization mass spectrometry ; erucic acid ; green chemistry ; hydraulic fracturing ; hydrophobicity ; ionic liquids ; light microscopy ; micelles ; rheology ; surface tension ; surfactants ; temperature ; viscoelasticity ; water solubility
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0211
Size	p. 2545-2555.
Publishing place	American Chemical Society
Document type	Article
ISSN	2168-0485
DOI	10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c08558
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Temperature effect on calcium binding to aspartate and glutamate

Liu, Xiao-Chen / Liu, Jingyuan / Skibsted, Leif H.

Food research international. 2022 Sept., v. 159

2022

Abstract: Aspartate (Asp) mononegative ion binds calcium through both carboxylates in contrast to binding through only the side chain carboxylate for mononegative glutamate (Glu), as shown by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. A stronger binding was ... ...

Abstract	Aspartate (Asp) mononegative ion binds calcium through both carboxylates in contrast to binding through only the side chain carboxylate for mononegative glutamate (Glu), as shown by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. A stronger binding was confirmed electrochemically for Asp compared to Glu. From temperature dependence of binding constant, 15–37 °C investigated for aqueous 0.16 M NaCl, a more negative ΔH⁰ of − 21 kJ·mol⁻¹ was found for Glu compared to ΔH⁰ = −17 kJ·mol⁻¹ for Asp, a difference confirmed by DFT calculations and qualitatively also by isothermal titration calorimetry. The stronger binding of calcium to Asp (Kₐₛₛ,c = 5.3 M⁻¹ at 37 °C) compared to Glu (Kₐₛₛ,c = 3.6 M⁻¹ at 37 °C) despite the less negative enthalpy of binding is accordingly an entropy effect due to ring formation in the complex for Asp.
Keywords	aspartic acid ; calcium ; calorimetry ; density functional theory ; electrochemistry ; enthalpy ; entropy ; food research ; glutamic acid ; temperature ; titration
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-09
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1111695-x
ISSN	1873-7145 ; 0963-9969
ISSN (online)	1873-7145
ISSN	0963-9969
DOI	10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111625
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